今天还有奴隶吗？
Are there still slaves today?
译文简介
今天世界上的奴隶比过去几个世纪的奴隶贸易还要多。它有不同的形式和不同的名称，所以有时它满足了禁止奴隶制的法律（有时没有）。
正文翻译
Are there still slaves today?
今天还有奴隶吗？
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There are more slaves in the world today than in the centuries of the past slave trade. It takes different forms and has different names, so that sometimes it satisfies the laws forbidding slavery. Technically.
First, let us define what we are talking about. Slavery is a state in which a person is forced to work for no pay—or at best a token amount-- and has no freedom to stop working, or to leave the situation. It is the lack of freedom that defines true slavery.
People may be bound by many methods: chains, fear, debt, agreements they are forced to make or tricked into, or addicted to drugs that someone must provide. They may be taken to a place where they do not speak the language, lack the financial means or proper paperwork to escape, and are surrounded by locals who will return them to their master. They may be so brainwashed that they believe they are fated to be slaves, and nothing else is possible. They may have nowhere else to go if they leave.
今天世界上的奴隶比过去几个世纪的奴隶贸易还要多。它有不同的形式和不同的名称，所以有时它满足了禁止奴隶制的法律（有时没有）。
首先，让我们定义一下我们正在谈论的东西。奴隶制是指一个人被迫无偿工作——或者至多是象征性的工作——并且没有停止工作或离开的自由。没有自由是真正的奴役。
人们可能被许多方法束缚:锁链、恐惧、债务、被迫达成或被骗达成的协议，或者对某人必须提供的毒品上瘾。他们可能会被带到一个他们不会说当地语言的地方，在那里他们没有经济手段或适当的文件来逃跑，并且周围都是当地人，这些人会把他们送回主人身边。他们可能被洗脑了，认为他们注定要成为奴隶，其他一切都不可能。如果他们离开，可能就没有别的地方可去了。
In Central and South America, captive laborers toil to produce and transport drugs for the cartels.
In some Middle Eastern countries, foreign laborers are brought in to build immense buildings in the searing heat. Their passports are taken from them, so they cannot leave the country. They may be paid a fraction of what they were promised, or nothing at all, with promises that someday they will get all they are owed. They live in horrific conditions. They have no passports, so they can’t go home without permission. They belong to their sponsors and cannot seek better work.
Foreign women are brought to the Middle East to serve as housemaids. Typically they are recruited for good jobs, only to discover when they arrive that they now must serve a family as house servant. Their passports are taken and they are in the complete control of their sponsors. Such women may be worked to exhaustion, starved, physically and verbally abused, and raped, and there is nothing they can do to escape the situation, because the country they are in supports the system. One maid was beaten and thrown from a third story window. Another was arrested while seeking help to leave the country, because it was discovered she was pregnant. Her employer had raped her. The pregnancy was proof she had had sex out of wedlock, a crime called Zina. It carried a death sentence. One sponsor posted a notice requesting help finding “an escaped maid”. The wording was chillingly identical to notices posted in the America South regarding escaped slaves.
人口贩卖在世界各地都存在。妇女被绑架和囚禁作为性奴隶。儿童被绑架，被强奸和/或被用于严酷的劳动。有时，如果女性来到像美国这样的繁荣国家，她们会被承诺嫁给丈夫或获得好工作，所以她们去了那里，却被迫进入妓院，或吸毒成瘾，在街上拉皮条。
在中美洲和南美洲，被囚禁的劳工为贩毒集团生产和运输毒品。
在一些中东国家，外国劳工被带进来在酷热中建造巨大的建筑。他们的护照被没收了，所以他们不能离开这个国家。他们可能只得到承诺的一小部分，也可能什么都得不到，因为他们承诺有一天他们会得到所有欠他们的钱。他们生活在可怕的条件下。他们没有护照，所以没有许可不能回家。他们属于他们的赞助人，无法寻找更好的工作。
外国妇女被带到中东充当女佣。通常情况下，他们被招聘来做一些好工作，但当他们到达时，却发现他们现在必须成为一个家庭的家仆。他们的护照被没收，他们完全受控于他们的赞助人。这些妇女可能会被工作到精疲力竭，挨饿，遭受身体和语言的虐待，并被强奸，她们无法逃避这种情况，因为她们所在的国家支持这个制度。有一名女佣被殴打并从三楼的窗户扔了出去。另一位在寻求帮助离开美国时被捕，因为她被发现怀孕了。她的雇主强奸了她，怀孕是她有过非婚性行为的证据。由一种罪行叫做吉娜（Zina），它等于死刑。一个赞助人发布了一个通知，要求帮助寻找“一个逃跑的女佣”。 这一措辞与张贴在美国南方的关于逃亡奴隶的通告如出一辙，令人不寒而栗。
And then there is Mauritania, where chattel slavery is still practiced. Since slavery was officially outlawed in 2007, in response to foreign pressure, it is no longer called that, but in practice it echoes the abuses of the Transatlantic slave trade centuries before. Slaves are true property, born and bred into slavery, purchased and inherited like furniture. There is even a racial element that echoes the American South, black Africans serving lighter skinned masters of Berber and Arab heritage.
Slave markets have recently reappeared in Libya, selling Africans who came to that country to seek passage to Europe. Isis made sex slaves of Yazidi women. Boko Haram raids towns, killing all the men and taking the women.
Enough?
Slavery is bigger than ever, and most of the world doesn’t notice or care.
Here is an article with details on treatment of foreign housemaids:
虐待外国女佣在一些国家非常普遍，以至于印度尼西亚和乌干达不再允许本国妇女在该国从事家政工作。
然后是毛里塔尼亚，那里的奴隶制仍然存在。由于迫于外国压力，2007年奴隶制被正式宣布为非法，人们不再这么称呼它，但在实践中，它与几个世纪前跨大西洋奴隶贸易的滥用如出一辙。奴隶是真正的财产，生来就是奴隶，像家具一样被购买和继承。甚至还有一种种族因素与美国南部遥相呼应，非洲黑人为肤色较浅的柏柏尔和阿拉伯的主人服务。
最近，利比亚再次出现了奴隶市场，出售那些来到该国寻求欧洲通道的非洲人。Isis让雅兹迪妇女成为性奴隶。博科圣地组织袭击城镇，杀死所有男人，带走女人。
这就是全部吗？
奴隶制比以往任何时候都多，而世界上大多数人都没有注意到或关心。
这里有一篇关于外籍女佣待遇的详细文章:链接略
奴隶制在毛里塔尼亚:链接略
解放奴隶的组织:链接略
墨西哥贩毒集团的奴隶：链接略
Here in the UK it seems to mainly take four kinds.
People, often teenagers or even children, imported from abroad without papers or language skills, and set to work in e.g. nail bars, cannabis farms and the sex industry, fed and housed by their bosses but not given any actual pay or any chance to leave their jobs.
Local, gullible young people, usually girls, seduced by criminal gangs of pimps and forced into the sex trade.
Household servants with little or no English, brought in by wealthy foreigners from areas where the abuse of servants is seen as acceptable, and then held captive and abused here.
Vulnerable local men with substance abuse problems or learning difficulties, lured into labour gangs in rural areas by promises of good pay and conditions, and then held captive in poor conditions (sometimes for as much as 20 years iirc) with threats of violence, prevented from contacting their families and paid a pittance.
在英国，它似乎主要有四种类型。
一些人，通常是青少年，甚至是儿童，从国外进口，没有证件或语言技能，并开始工作，例如在酒吧，大麻农场和性产业，由他们的老板养活并提供住宿，但没有任何实际的工资或任何机会离开他们的工作。
当地易受骗的年轻人，通常是女孩，被皮条客犯罪团伙引诱，被迫从事性交易。
很少或不会说英语的家仆，由富裕的外国人从虐待仆人被视为可以接受的地区引进，然后在这里被囚禁和虐待。
本地有药物滥用问题或学习困难的易受伤害男子，被许诺好的工资和条件引诱进入农村地区的劳工团伙，然后在恶劣的条件下被囚禁(有时长达20年之久)，并受到暴力威胁，不让他们与家人联系，并支付微薄的报酬。
The most glaring example of slavery in the XXIth century would be the United States.
Actually, it’s right there in their Constitution:
Amendment XIII, Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
Don’t see it? That’s okay, just take a closer look:
…except as a punishment for crime…
Smart loophole, isn’t it? And considering, how many prisons in the country are actually private businesses, who are obviously interested in making profits way more, rather than in upholding human rights and making the society a better place to live in, you essentially get yourself a number of literal slave-owners, not only legalized, but continuously supported by the judicial system and the government.
Ladies and gentlemen, the United States of America - our shining beacon of freedom, democracy, and slave labour since 1776.
奴隶制在21世纪最明显的例子是美国。
事实上，在他们的宪法中就有:
第十三条修正案第一节。奴隶制或非自愿奴役，除作为对当事人已正式定罪的罪行的惩罚外，不得存在于合众国或受其管辖的任何地方。
没看出来吗?没关系，仔细看看:
“……已正式定罪的罪行的惩罚外……”
这是个聪明的漏洞，不是吗?考虑到，这个国家有多少监狱是私人企业，他们显然对利润更感兴趣，而不是维护人权，让社会成为一个更适合居住的地方，你基本上在字面上可以被称为奴隶主，不仅合法化，而且不断得到司法系统和政府的支持。
女士们先生们，美利坚合众国——自1776年以来我们自由、民主和奴隶劳动的光辉灯塔。
Yes. As corporations enforce stricter policies around not dealing with companies utilizing slavery, it has become harder to detect. Here are some ways people get caught in modern slavery.
1. THEY’VE BEEN TRICKED
Many victims of modern slavery are deceived into accepting what sound like good opportunities at first, but turn out to be lies. Consider this example from Zambia: a young woman was promised a job as a waitress in Europe, but found out once she arrived that there was no job and that her future boss was a pimp.
2. THEY’VE BEEN ISOLATED
Victims can be isolated physically and forced to work in remote locations or simply prevented from communicating with friends, family or anyone else who speaks their own language. For example, a Chinese housekeeper in France was made to work 365 days a year and was forbidden from leaving the house.
3. THEIR PASSPORTS HAVE BEEN TAKEN AWAY
Confiscating passports or other important documents is a common means of coercing workers into accepting poor living and working conditions. For example: a man from Nepal who worked as a cleaner was prevented from leaving his job or returning home by his employer, who seized his passport and refused to give it back.
4. THEY’RE WORKING OFF A DEBT
Many victims of forced labor are trying to pay off a debt. It’s no ordinary debt though—as the victim has no power to negotiate the terms, which can change at the discretion of the “lender” and be passed down from generation to generation. This is called debt bondage and it is especially common in Southern Asia.
5. THEY’RE PROMISED WAGES, BUT ARE NEVER PAID
Irregular or late wages do not always point to modern slavery. But when they’re deliberately withheld as a means of forcing workers to accept poor conditions or prevent them from changing jobs, it becomes a sign of forced labor.
是的。随着公司执行更严格的政策，不再与使用奴役的公司打交道，这变得更难察觉。以下是人们在现代奴隶制中遇到的一些问题。
1. 他们被骗了
许多现代奴隶制的受害者被欺骗，接受了最初听起来不错的机会，但结果却是谎言。以赞比亚为例:一名年轻女子在欧洲得到了一份女招待的工作，但她一到那里就发现没有工作，而她未来的老板是个皮条客。
2. 他们被隔离
受害者可能在身体上被隔离，被迫在偏远地点工作，或被阻止与朋友、家人或讲自己语言的任何人交流。例如，一名在法国的中国管家一年365天被要求工作，并且被禁止离开房子。
3. 他们的护照被没收了
没收护照或其他重要证件是强迫工人接受恶劣生活和工作条件的常见手段。例如: 一名尼泊尔男子是一名清洁工，他的雇主没收了他的护照，并拒绝还给他，不许他离开工作岗位或回家。
4. 他们为还债被迫工作
许多强迫劳动的受害者正试图还清债务。但这不是普通的债务，因为受害者无权协商条款，这种变化可以由“贷款人”自行决定，并代代相传。这被称为债务束缚，在南亚尤为普遍。
5. 承诺给他们工资，但从来没有支付
不稳定或延迟的工资并不总是指向现代奴隶制。但当他们被故意扣留，作为迫使工人接受恶劣条件或阻止他们换工作的一种手段，这就成为强迫劳动的一种迹象。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
A man from Bangladesh who found a job in construction says that he used to work 19-hour shifts without a break, wasn’t paid overtime and never had a holiday. Extreme work hours seem like an obvious indicator of forced labor, but in practice, establishing whether that is the case can be fairly complex.
7. THEY LIVE AND WORK IN ABUSIVE CONDITIONS
A inspector in Brazil remembers finding workers in a plantation, housed in plastic shacks and drinking dirty water. People in modern slavery endure living and working conditions that no one would ever freely accept.
8. THEY’VE BEEN THREATENED OR INTIMIDATED
Threats and intimidation are a staple of modern slavery, typically exploiting the vulnerability of a person who is already in a weaker position. That was the experience of a housekeeper in Lebanon who wanted to leave. “The woman I worked for said that unless I gave her $600, she’d report me to the police and tell them I had no papers.
9. THEY’RE PHYSICALLY TRAPPED
A 16-year-old girl from Kazakhstan who was trafficked to Russia remembers living in a room with bars on the windows and an iron door. “It was impossible to escape. It lasted for two months.
10. THEY’VE BEEN BEATEN OR RAPED
Physical violence is a common feature of modern slavery. It can be used to exert control over victims or force them into performing tasks they didn’t agree too, like having sex with an employer or working without pay.
6. 他们工作时间很长，却没有加班费
一名在建筑行业找到工作的孟加拉国男子说，他过去常常连续工作19个小时，没有休息，没有加班费，也从来没有假期。极端的工作时间似乎是强迫劳动的一个明显标志，但在实践中，确定是否真的是这样可能相当复杂。
7. 他们在虐待的条件下生活和工作
巴西的一名检查员记得曾在一个种植园里发现工人，他们被关在塑料棚子里，喝着脏水。现代奴隶制下的人们忍受着没有人愿意自由接受的生活和工作条件。
8. 他们受到过威胁或恐吓
威胁和恐吓是现代奴隶制的主要特征，通常是利用已经处于较弱地位的人的弱点。这是黎巴嫩一位想要离开的管家的经历。“我的女上司说，除非我给她600美元，否则她会向警察告发我，告发他们我没有证件。”
9. 他们的身体被困
一名16岁的哈萨克斯坦女孩被贩卖到俄罗斯，她记得自己住在一间窗户上有栏杆、铁门的房间里。“要逃脱是不可能的。这持续了两个月。
10. 她们被殴打或强奸过
身体暴力是现代奴隶制的共同特征。它可以用来对受害者施加控制，或强迫他们执行他们不同意的任务，比如与雇主发生性关系或无偿工作。
Slavery exist in Mauretania. It has been abolished in 1905, 1984 and in 2007. I assume that it will be abolished again in the future.
The slavery in Mauretania is part of the slavery in the muslim world. Many muslims believe that they as muslims have the right to enslave non-muslims, an opinion that find support in the Quoran. The muslim is also connected to racism. The idea that black humans are supposted to be slaves to white people are more difficult to find support for in the Quoran.
The white-black narrative is used in Sudan where people from Darfur and South Sudan are being enslaved.
毛里塔尼亚存在奴隶制。它已于1905年、1984年和2007年被废除过多次。我认为它将来还会继续这样循环下去。
毛里塔尼亚的奴隶制是穆斯林世界奴隶制的一部分。许多穆斯林认为，作为穆斯林，他们有权奴役非穆斯林，这一观点在《古兰经》中得到了支持。穆斯林也与种族主义有关。
在苏丹，来自达尔富尔和南苏丹的人们被奴役。
Slavery is ubiquitous. Some bleive there are more people enslaved today than at any time in history. Women and children are bought and sold for sexual exploitation throughout the world. Children are chained to looms, enduring backbreaking farm labor, and engaged in relentless facory work in conditions little different from chattel slavery. There are fishing boats staffed by enslaved Bangladeshis. Chattel slavery has been reintroduced in North Africa where failed states make room. Muslims still buy and sell black Africans. Slavery is among us and we profit thereby. Your cocoa, diamonds, the rare earths in your smartphone, all have the blood and tears on them.
奴隶制无处不在。有些人认为，今天被奴役的人比历史上任何时候都多。妇女和儿童在世界各地被买卖以进行性剥削。
孩子们被绑在织布机上，忍受着繁重的农场劳动，在工厂里从事着残酷的工作，工作环境与奴隶生活没什么两样。渔船上都是被奴役的孟加拉人。在北非，失败国家让出空间的地方，又重新引入了奴隶制度。穆斯林仍然在买卖非洲黑人。奴隶制就在我们中间，我们从中受益。
你的可可，钻石，智能手机里的稀土，上面都有血和泪。
Everywhere. Even in our hometowns, including & particularly modern Western societies
This is the social cancer we should be rooting out & bringing the perpetrators to account.
In my humble view, this topic deserves a much higher profile than it is currently getting. Should be included in ALL school curricula & employment mandatory training. Only by educating people of 'tell- tale' signs, can we really get to grips with the problem.
奴隶制无处不在。甚至在我们的家乡，包括现代西方社会
这是我们应该根除的社会毒瘤，并将肇事者绳之以法。
在我看来，这个话题应该得到比现在更高的关注。应该包括在所有的学校课程和就业的强制性培训里面。只有通过教育，我们才能真正解决这个问题。
First of all estimates vary from 21 to 49 million. Then it depends greatly on what your definition is. There are places where slavery though illegal is common and just as cruel as you can imagine with chained people working the fields. There are bought and sold humans used for sex, child and young adults. My own son was approached by slavers in Egypt offering him a male and or female child.
But beyond this it extends to areas where people are controlled as wage slaves from an early age but paid, only less than what they need to live so the society cannot progress and they cannot get out of this situation. This is one of the business issues of this century that all text books address which if not solved by the industry will be solved by regulations. The problem is worldwide.
首先，估计数字从2100万到4900万不等。这很大程度上取决于你的定义是什么。在有些地方，奴隶制虽然是非法的，但却是普遍存在的，就像你可以想象的那样残酷，人们在田地里劳作。这里有性交易、儿童和年轻人贩卖。埃及的奴隶（主）们曾经联系我的儿子，可以给他提供男童或女童。
除此之外，它还延伸到一些领域，人们从很小的时候就被控制为提供工资的奴隶，但工资比他们的需求还少，所以社会无法进步，他们无法摆脱这种情况。这是本世纪所有教科书都在讨论的商业问题之一，如果不能由工业来解决，就必须通过规章制度来解决。这个问题是世界性的。
They believe that there are to be around 40 to 50 million slaves in the world today, These figures is unverifiable because of many factors a lot of children/ people don’t went to admit that they are slaves because they were sold off to help feed their own family so their family could survive filial piety( obligation to their parents to help them) stops them from saying or telling anyone about it.In Haiti that was one of the two Caribbean Island to have a slave revolt there, there are believed to be around 300,000 children sold off by their parents to richer households to help in these houses. These richer households provide these children shelter and food their families feed and live on the monies from the richer households . So even though the child is a slave under the definition of modern slavery the child helps his parents and is fed.yes? How many other children around the world in similar circumstances go undetected ? A number of governments still in this world force their people into government work without pay this is also classified as modern slavery
人们认为现在世界上大约有4000万到5000万奴隶，这些数字是无法证实的，因为许多因素，比如很多孩子/人们不承认自己是奴隶，因为他们被卖掉来养活自己的家庭，这样他们的家庭才能生存下去。孝顺(对帮助父母的义务)阻止他们告诉任何人这件事。海地是加勒比地区曾经发生奴隶起义的两座岛屿之一，据信大约有30万名儿童被父母卖给了更富裕的家庭，在这些房子里帮忙。这些富裕家庭为这些孩子提供住所，并给他们的家庭提供食物，以及给家里挣钱。
所以即使孩子在现代奴隶制的定义下是一个奴隶。但他帮助他的父母并得到了食物，对吧?世界上还有多少处于类似情况的儿童没有被发现? 世界上仍有一些政府强迫他们的人民在政府工作而不付工资，这也被归类为现代奴隶制。
Contrary to popular belief slavery is very common.
In America, the 14th amendment outlaws slavery but makes an exception for people who are in prison. Today people who are in prisons are forced to work without or with very low pay. Some will work as firefighters and put their lives at risk and are given no compensation for it. In addition, when they come out they can’t use that expertise and skills they’ve learned because if you have a felony charge on your record you can’t become a firefighter.
Another example is all of the sweatshops used to make our clothing. These sweatshops exist all over the world. The ones in America are mostly made up of illegal immigrants who are stuck. If they go to the government about the bad conditions, long hours, and little py they will just be deported, and since finding a job is hard the get stuck. Other ones are in Asia. One that has received much attention is the sweatshops used by Nike.
与大众的看法相反，奴隶制非常普遍。
在美国，第14修正案宣布奴隶制为非法，但对在监狱的人例外。今天，在监狱里的人被迫工作，没有或只有很低的工资。一些人将成为消防员，冒着生命危险工作，但却没有得到任何补偿。此外，当他们出来的时候，他们不能使用他们学到的专业知识和技能，因为如果你有过重罪指控，你就不能成为一名消防员。
另一个例子是所有的血汗工厂被用来生产我们的衣服。这些血汗工厂遍布世界各地。美国大多数非法移民都被困在这里。
另一种形式的奴役是童工。虽然在美国销售产品是非法的，但在其他国家生产产品的公司可以自由使用童工。一个著名的例子是雀巢巧克力公司，他们使用童工来获取和制作巧克力。
In the middle east when someone owes someone money they will often go work to pay it off. Then to keep them there the owner will keep raising the price and making them stay. Eventually, they get stuck and become slaves.
Another form of slavery is the sex trade. Girls who are my age (in their teens) are kidnapped and sold off to the highest bidder to be used as sex obxts. These girls can go all the way around the world. They can also be sold to pimps who require them to go out and find someone to have sex with every night for money. Then the pimp takes all the money they make. If the girls don’t get a customer and return empty-handed they will be punished possibly through beatings, whippings, starving, rape, or starvation and quite possibly could be killed.
That is only naming the few of many types of slavery in the world as it is quite common. Just because you don’t see it doesn’t mean it isn’t there.
在中东，当有人欠别人钱时，他们通常会去工作还债。为了留住他们，所有者会不断提高债务，让他们留下来。最终，他们被困住，成为奴隶。
另一种形式的奴役是性交易。和我同龄的女孩(十几岁)被绑架，卖给出价最高的人，用作性用品。这些女孩遍布全球各地。她们也可以被卖给皮条客，皮条客要求她们每天晚上出去找个人上床赚钱。然后皮条客把他们赚的钱都拿走了。如果女孩们没有找到顾客，空手而归，她们可能会受到殴打、鞭打、饥饿、强奸作为惩罚，很有可能会被杀死。
这只是列举了世界上许多类型的奴隶制中的少数，因为它是相当普遍的。你看不见并不代表它不存在。