黑曼巴蛇会追捕人类吗？
Do black mambas chase humans?
译文简介
如果你偶然发现一只黑曼巴，它转过身来面对你，迅速后退
正文翻译
Do black mambas chase humans?
黑曼巴蛇会追捕人类吗？
评论翻译
很赞 ( 2 )
收藏
No, they absolutely don’t chase humans. No snakes chase humans.
However black mambas are so high-strung they’re practically hysterical the moment something makes them nervous, and they’re really not very intelligent.
As a result, these snakes are extremely prone to absolute panic. If you corner a mamba, its fight/flight reflex is triggered, and it will freak out and try to fight you to escape. This involves wildly throwing itself around and biting you like 60 times in a row, if you don’t get the blazes out of the way.
So, don’t corner a mamba. They’re not aggressive — they’re phobic of all danger. lol.
Given the clear opportunity to escape, mambas will turn and run like hell. They’re very fast - one of the fastest snakes on land.
Donna Fernstrom, 专业球蟒饲养员
不，它们绝对不会追捕人类，没有蛇会追捕人类。
然而黑曼巴非常敏感，一旦有什么东西让它们紧张，它们就会变得歇斯底里，它们真的不是很聪明。
因此，这些蛇非常容易产生极端恐慌。如果你逼迫一条曼巴，它的战斗/飞行反射就会被触发，它会被吓到，并试图与你战斗然后逃跑。如果你控制不了局势，它就会疯狂地到处乱扑，疯狂咬你，比如60次。所以，别逼它，它们并不好斗，但它们害怕一切危险。哈哈哈哈。
只要有机会逃跑，曼巴就会转身逃跑。它们速度非常快，是陆地上最快的蛇之一。
To be fair to the black mamba, there are a lot of things in Africa that eat snakes.
And they’re not very good at uating the level of danger they’re in. Or… much of anything.
Example: This black mamba has found a dead lion. What to do? I know. Try to eat it! Surely there must be a good spot to start… (Video is mischaracterized as the mamba attacking the lion, but the lion is dead, and the mamba is behaving like any snake about to swallow a dead animal — they use their venom to help digest their food. The mamba can smell that the lion is dead, and it must have eaten carrion before. It’s just too dim to realize this meal is too large, lol).
如果你偶然发现一只黑曼巴，它转过身来面对你，迅速后退——你不想让它觉得被逼到墙角，因为它很容易受惊，会反应过度。给黑曼巴说句公道话，非洲有很多吃蛇的东西，而且他们不太擅长评估自己所处的危险程度。
比如：这只黑曼巴发现了一头死狮子。它要做什么?我知道，试图把它吃掉!当然，它一定知道从哪里吞合适。注：视频被错误地描述为曼巴攻击狮子，但狮子已经死了，而曼巴的行为就像任何将要吞下死去动物的蛇一样，它们用毒液来帮助消化食物。曼巴能嗅出狮子已经死了，它以前一定吃过腐肉。由于看不清，所以没意识到这顿饭太足了。
Geoff Cutler
If you are adamant about black mambas not attacking humans its time to get real. Firstly have you learned this in Africa? I have personally seen a 9ft black mamba attack a safari vehicle and strike the body of the vehicle from the side while we were travelling forward at maybe 20 mph. Three people sitting on that side of the vehicle in Botswana threw themselves across the vehicle. That mamba was not cornered at all. It was just angry. We intruded on it’s spot in the sun. It came at us from maybe 30 feet away. If a mamba is willing to attack a Toyota Land Cruiser four wheel drive it will not hesitate to attack one human.
I now live in Australia and while I have not yet experienced an Eastern brown attacking I have certainly heard many such accounts.
如果你坚持认为黑曼巴不会攻击人类，那么是时候面对现实了。
首先，你是在非洲学了解的这些吗? 我亲眼看到过一辆9英尺长的黑曼巴攻击一辆游猎车，从侧面攻击车的身体，当时我们正以每小时20英里的速度前进。在博茨瓦纳，坐在车那一边的三个人跳到了车的另一边。曼巴根本没有被逼到绝境，它只是生气而已。我们侵入了它在阳光下的位置，它从大约30英尺开外冲了过来。
如果一只曼巴愿意攻击一辆四轮驱动的丰田车，它也会毫不犹豫地攻击一个人类。我现在住在澳大利亚，虽然我还没有经历过被蛇攻击，但我肯定听到过很多这样的说法。
I’m one of those strange people who actually BELIEVES IN SCIENCE. So when herpetologists are ALL in agreement on something, I tend to believe they’re correct until proven otherwise.
我是那种相信科学的怪人。
所以，当爬行动物学家在某一问题上达成了一致意见时，我倾向于相信它们是正确的，除非事实证明它们是错的。
I always thought scientists looked at evidence. Might need to tell my Namibian friends to stop worrying about mambas. I know exactly what they will say however.
我一直也认为科学家只看证据。
所以，我得告诉我的纳米比亚朋友别再担心曼巴了，不过我很清楚他们会怎么说。
Yes, that’s correct. That’s what I’ve been asking people for, here. Evidence. Not stories. You do realize that a story isn’t evidence?
是的，正是如此。
这就是我一直要求大家做的，证据，而不是故事。你知道故事不是证据，对吧?
I was there. So was my partner. Do you realise that constitutes evidence according to the judicial system in my country? There were seven people in that vehicle including the local ranger who identified the snake although there is nothing else like that in the African bush.
I would actually not believe any scientist that categorically states no snake has ever attacked a human without provocation. I would believe most snakes avoid humans. I do believe mambas have no fear at all of anything. They will attack when annoyed. The mamba we met was in the wild. Not cornered. It came a considerable distance otherwise no one would have seen it clearly head upright well above the grass level coming flat out at us.
我当时就在那里，我的搭档也是。你知道根据我国的司法制度这是构成证据的吗? 那辆车里有七个人，包括辨认出那条蛇的当地护林员。
事实上，我当然不会相信任何科学家会断然断言，也没有一条蛇会无缘无故攻击人类。我相信大多数蛇会避开人类。但我也相信曼巴对任何事都无所畏惧，他们只要被干扰就会进攻。
我们是在野外遇到的曼巴，而不是某个角落。它移动了很长一段距离，否则谁也看不清它的头正直挺挺地朝我们冲来。
Herpetologist and a lawyer? U do good on both counts!
把爬行动物专家跟律师类比？/笑
“Do you realise that constitutes evidence according to the judicial system in my country?”
In science, it constitutes nothing more than a starting point for further research. If you can’t capture the event on film to analyze it, and you can’t ever induce it to be repeated, there’s no way to verify it happened, and it simply doesn’t constitute evidence.
There’s no way of knowing where the snake was originally when it first sighted the vehicle, or whether the vehicle ‘chased’ the snake before it turned at bay. There’s absolutely no way to be sure exactly what happened, because it was a single uncontrolled incident, and no one managed to get it on film for analysis.
There are a lot of possibilities, but an anecdote isn’t scientific evidence, no matter how many times you repeat it.
在科学上，它只不过是进一步研究的起点。如果你不能把事件拍下来进行分析，由于你无法诱使它重复发生，也就没有办法证实它发生过，而且它根本不构成证据。
我们无法知道这条蛇第一次看到车辆时最初在哪里，也无法知道车辆是否在它转弯前“追捕”了这条蛇。我们根本无法确定到底发生了什么，因为这是一个无法控制的事件，也没人能把它拍下来进行分析。
有太多可能性了，但不管你重复多少次，一件轶事都不是科学证据。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The issue is that unprovoked depends upon the vantage point. The location of both parties and the direction both the snake and the group or the vehicle were headed in are vital factors, and provocation does not always mean what people imagine it means. As I mentioned previously, having a viable path of escape from any potential danger or obstacle, especially an unobstructed path from their current location to their dens or burrows, is crucial to black mambas’ security, and they are prone to going haywire when such security is compromised, deliberately or otherwise.
问题在于，是否“无缘无故”取决于位置。
双方的位置、蛇和车辆的前进方向都是至关重要的因素，挑衅并不总是意味着人们想象的那样。正如我之前提到的，有一条可行的路径可以逃离任何潜在的危险或障碍，尤其是从它们现在的位置到洞穴的畅通无阻的路径，对黑曼巴的安全至关重要。当这样的安全受到损害时，他们很容易失控，有意或无意。
这种行为不仅在某些种类的蛇中很常见。更聪明、生活方式也更复杂的动物，比如非洲丛林象，当有东西挡在母亲和她的孩子之间——可能是潜在的捕食者，比如鬣狗或野狗，也可能是另一群动物，或者只是一个倒霉的旅行者或游客。在大象的例子中，母亲的精神安全取决于她能在危险发生时立即接近她的孩子，当两者被隔开时，任何造成障碍的东西都被视为潜在危险的一方，而不管挡在路上的东西有什么意图，都会受到攻击，而大象当然是无法确定的。
即使是像老虎这样长期以攻击人类而闻名的动物，在可能的情况下也往往会尽力避开人类。许多攻击要么是在领地被侵犯后出于自卫，要么是来自于身体太弱而无法打倒正常猎物的老年虎。考虑到在过去的一个世纪里，人类造成了几万只老虎的无端死亡，很多动物在突然或出乎意料地遭遇人类时，心理上已经被训练成最好的反应是紧张，最差的反应是惊恐，这很惊讶吗?
并不是说这种偶遇是当事人的错，也不是说在这种情况下失去的生命是无关紧要的，而且楼主的意图也值得怀疑。但是，任何对情况的准确评估都需要对有关各方的确切地点、目的地和情况有准确的了解。除非能确定蛇使用的洞穴是否在附近，或者汽车引擎启动时距离洞穴有多近(蛇对振动非常敏感)，否则没有办法确定是否存在那些通常会引发蛇体内肾上腺素激增的因素。从一群人有限的立场来判断这样的攻击是“无缘无故”的是不理性的，让蛇对可能纯粹是本能的反应负责，就像因为缺乏专家而认为相关人员很愚蠢一样不负责任。
提出这些观点是出于对人类和动物生命的关切，并为了强调客观分析的重要性。我确实很重视在这类事件中造成的生命损失，但即使是在经常遇到你描述的那种动物的情况下，仍然有可能在某种程度上夸大它们的威胁。
不先行了解和评估，就在人们中间培养这样一种紧张的情绪，这容易引起先发制人的反应，增加伤亡人数。提出这样的观点并不是暗示人们不应该担心它们。
Are you 100% on that statement that no snakes chase humans? I would be glad to take you in the swamp and show you a cotton mouth aggressively head in my direction… Did I miss something? I am not a snake guy but I have lived here in the Great Dismal Swamp for many years.
楼主，你100%相信蛇不会追捕人类这种说法吗?
我很乐意带你到沼泽里，给你看一条水蝮蛇咄咄逼人地朝我的方向前进……我错过什么了吗?我不是一个贪吃蛇的人，但我已经在大迪斯默尔沼泽住了很多年了。
I am ONE HUNDRED PERCENT on that statement yes. Cottonmouths will not ‘head aggressively in your direction.’ They will flee toward a hiding hole or the water when disturbed. If you’re in the way, that means they come toward you, because they don’t see well. But they’re not interested in biting you, and I promise they’ll just keep going past, lol.
我100%同意这种说法。
水腹蛇不会向你的方向进攻。“当它们受到惊吓时，它们会奔向藏身之处或水边。
如果你挡住了他们的路，那就意味着他们会向你前进，因为他们看不清楚。但他们没兴趣咬你，我保证他们会继续往前走，哈哈哈哈。
These guys are right on the cotton mouth. They is no doubt when you see that white mouth open and hear that hiss while it's coming at you it most certainly is attacking. I've seen it many times. I've beaten them out of my boat more than once. I AM a scientist and my profs highly respected those snakes. I live and work in the swamp where the rattler is respected but the cottonmouth is feared.
那人说得是对的。
毫无疑问，当你看到白色的嘴巴张开，听到它向你冲过来时发出的嘶嘶声时，它肯定是在攻击你。
我已经见过很多次了。我不止一次在我的船上把他们赶走。我是个科学家，我的教授非常尊重那些蛇。我生活和工作在沼泽里，在那里响尾蛇受人尊敬，而水腹蛇令人生畏。
Yes, it very unique to this species, other snakes normally runs from humans when they can. At least, this is part of the myths say.
However, they have gained too much undeserved reputation (see Myths, facts and more about the Black Mamba...):
Do they chase humans? No
Are they faster than humans? Yes, very, and this is scary.
Do they run from us? Depends, they prefer not have contact with us, but will not run if provoked, they are more willing to attack then.
Do they have a mortal bite? Yes, for sure.
The black mamba has quite a reputation. It is one of the world’s deadliest snakes. It is the fastest land snake in the world, and “the longest species of venomous snake in Africa and the second longest in the world,” said Sara Viernum, a herpetologist based in Madison, Wisconsin. This snake’s potential danger has been the subject of many African myths and it has been blamed for thousands of human deaths.
Sergio Diniz 业余时间做动物研究
是的，这一物种是非常独特的，其他的蛇通常会在可能的情况下逃离人类。
然而，他们却得到了太多不实之名。
它们会追捕人类吗？不。
它们比人类速度更快吗？是的，非常快，很可怕。
他们会从我们身边跑开吗?看情况，他们不愿意和我们接触，但是如果被挑衅，他们也不会逃跑，他们更愿意攻击我们。
它们会咬人吗?是的,肯定的。
科普：黑曼巴名声在外。它是世界上最致命的蛇之一。威斯康星州麦迪逊市的爬行动物学家萨拉·维恩纳姆（Sara Viernum）说，它是世界上速度最快的陆地蛇，也是“非洲最长的毒蛇品种，世界第二长的毒蛇。这种蛇的潜在危险一直是许多非洲神话的主题，它被认为是数千人死亡的罪魁祸首。”
I am from Africa. The myths and urban legends about the mamba are many. One such is that it coils and “flies”, and whichever creature the mamba flies over dies instantly because of the venom. Apparently the venom gets to the victims through radiation.
我来自非洲。
关于曼巴的神话和都市传说有很多。其中一种是它会缠绕并“飞”起来，曼巴“飞过”的任何生物都会因其毒液而立即死亡。
显然毒液是通过“辐射”进入受害者体内的。（译注：调侃）
Hahahaha. They are almost a mythical creature!
哈哈哈。它们几乎是一种神话般的生物!
It is not a mythical, that when they bite you, you can die within a very short space of time.
当它们咬你的时候，你会在很短的时间内死去，这不是一个神话。
I know I have a bunch of them on my land in Kajiado south in Kenya but haven't encountered one. That is the one snake that actually terrifies me.
我知道，在我肯尼亚南部卡贾多(Kajiado)的土地上有很多，但还没有遇到过。
这是真正让我害怕的蛇。
Much more concerned about a puff adder. You don't always see them, wereas a mamba normally rears up on the open, and gives one a chance to back off. Mambas are normally , only aggressive when feeling threatened, and do give dry bites as well, if one is lucky. If bitten and venom released, one normally has 2 hours to be put onto a ventilator, for life support. One then just stays sedated until the venom is flushed from the system , in a couple if days. This only applies to lethal bites to the leg of body. If bitten in the head, one gas less time. Be aware the serum, sometimes kill the patient as well. I live in an area that has a high population of these snakes, and lost a Labrador cross dog , due to been bitten by one. Took her about 2 hours to die.
我更关心鼓腹蛇（蝰）。你并不总是能看到它们，而曼巴通常在开阔的地方“站”立，给了别人一个撤退的机会。曼巴通常只有在感觉受到威胁时才会有攻击性，如果幸运的话，也会开咬。
如果被咬后毒液释放，一般2小时就要靠呼吸机维持生命了。受害者在几天之内需要保持镇静，直到毒液从体内排出。
这只适用于在腿上的致命伤。如果被咬到了头，那就没了。注意（解毒）血清，有时也会杀死病人。我住的地方有很多这种蛇，我失去了一只拉布拉多杂交狗，因为被咬伤了。两小时后她就死了。
I live in KZN, South Africa, and have encountered black and green mambas on many occasions. In the days of my ignorance I used to shoot and kill them. But I don’t anymore. I leave them alone or I call in a snake catcher, who catches them and releases them in Mamba valley.
Mambas do not run. They have no legs (Lol). They do slide at top speed. Do they chase people? Yes, but they rarely do. Only if it is hot and irritated and you intrude into its territory.
I was a little boy when I saw a mamba with its head reared pursue a guy cutting trees in the bushes next to our school. He ran screaming. The snake could have eventually got him, but I think it was scaring him off.
They are generally frightened of humans and will try to avoid us, but on rare occasions they can turn aggressive.
我生活在南非，多次遇到黑曼巴和绿曼巴。在我无知的日子里，我常常射杀他们。但我现在不再这样了，我要么让它们自己呆着，要么让捕蛇人来抓它们，然后把它们放回曼巴谷。
曼巴不会跑，它们没有腿/哈哈。它们以最快的速度滑行。他们会追捕人吗?是的，但他们很少这样做。除非它又热又烦，而且你侵入了它的领土。
当我还是个小男孩的时候，我看到一条扬起头的曼巴在追一个在我们学校旁边的灌木丛里砍树的人，他尖叫着奔跑。那条蛇最终可能咬到了他，但我觉得它只是把他吓跑了。
它们通常害怕人类，会试图避开我们，但在少数情况下，它们会变得具有攻击性。
I congratulate you on learning not to kill them anymore.
我祝贺你学会不再杀死它们。
It's better to have a resident snake. I had a resident Red Belly Black snake when I lived on a small farm.
It became pretty relaxed. How relaxed? Climbing a mesh fence to get to a level that had it watching me at my head level. When I realised I was being watched and turned we were head to head at under a foot.
It's a venous snake but not lethal. Snakes bite for 2 reasons. They want to eat you. You frighten them and escape is not an option. You are too big to eat. Once it learns you are no threat snakes are no longer a hazard
最好有一条常驻的蛇。
当我住在一个小农场的时候，我曾经有一条常驻在此的红腹黑蛇。我们非常放松，如何放松的?
它爬上铁丝网，爬到一个正好可以跟我平时的高度。当我意识到我被某个东西监视时，我转过身来，跟它正好面对面，不足一英尺（约合30厘米）。
这是一条有脉纹的蛇，但不致命。蛇咬人有两个原因，要么他们想吃掉你，要么你吓着了它。
一旦它知道你没有威胁，蛇就不再是危险了。
For many snakes rats are part of their diet. No snakes, can mean lots of rats.
对许多蛇来说，老鼠是它们饮食的一部分。没有蛇，就意味着有很多老鼠。
We get rats in our garden. Next door’s cat and dog are not doing their job properly. Perhaps I should go out and collect some gopher snakes.
我们的花园里有老鼠。旁边的猫和狗都有点不务正业，也许我应该出去收集一些吃地鼠的蛇。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
When I worked in the jungle in Papua New Guinea we used electronics and telemetry a lot. We had a problem with rats chewing telemetry cables. Someone explained that this was because the presence of human activity meant that the snakes had been scared away.
Snakes kill and eat rats.
当我在巴布亚新几内亚的丛林里工作时，我们经常使用电子设备和遥测技术。我们曾遇到过老鼠咀嚼遥测电缆的问题。
有人解释说，这是因为人类活动的存在意味着蛇被吓跑了。
蛇会杀死并吃老鼠。
The place where the rats come is where my daughter keeps her rabbits. We have cables there for the sprinkler system that keep getting gnawed - I had assumed that it was the rabbits, but maybe the rats are doing it.
Collecting the snakes would be difficult. For a few weeks last year, I saw one just about every day, but then they went into hiding. Even if I did catch some, they would probably slither away before eating any rats.
老鼠来的地方就是我女儿养兔子的地方，洒水系统的电缆总是被咬坏，我以为是兔子干的，但也许是老鼠干的。
收集蛇是很困难的。去年有几个星期，我几乎每天都能看到一条，但后来它们躲起来了。即使我真的抓到了一些，它们可能也会在吃老鼠之前溜走。
There’s a lot of nonsense written about the speed of mambas. I have chased black mambas on pretty ideal terrain for snakes, short scrubby grass on thin soils or on laterite, giving plenty of purchase. They are fast for snakes. You may have to break into a jog to keep up for short distances, otherwise a fast walk (maybe 5 mph?). I have never seen one do 12 mph, an often claimed top speed, though I can’t say it is not possible. In any case a fit person should be able to outpace the snake should he or she need to. That need is moot because contrary to myth I have never been chased by any snake, the reverse being invariably the case. I have surprised snakes, many of which will let you know in no uncertain terms where they are, audibly or visually (be rearing and displaying). Simply backing away avoids any further confrontation 100% of the time.
The best way to be bitten by a snake is to stand on it or stick your hand into where it is hiding/sheltering. Where I grew up most bites were to the foot, below the ankle, which is the height at which snakes typically strike at their prey. A lot of people walk around barefoot in many parts of the world. Secondly people get bitten on the hand or forearm, when they stick their hand into a woodpile or similar, in which a snake is holed up.
有很多关于曼巴的速度的无稽之谈。
我曾在适合蛇出没的理想地带追捕过黑曼巴，在贫瘠的土壤或红土上追逐过低矮的草丛，足够让我追捕了。
对于蛇来说，它们跑得很快。你可能不得不开始慢跑来跟上一小段距离，我从未见过一条蛇能达到每小时12英里的速度，当然我不能说这是不可能的。这种速度需求是没有意义的，因为与神话相反，我从来没有被任何蛇追捕过，相反，情况总是反过来的。
我曾恐吓过蛇，随后其中许多蛇都能够让你通过声音或视觉明确地知道它们的位置。简单的后退可以100%避免任何进一步的对抗。
想要被蛇咬，最好方法是站在它身旁或者把手伸到它藏身的地方。在我长大的地方，大部分咬伤都在脚上，脚踝以下，这是蛇攻击猎物的高度。
世界上很多地方都有很多人光着脚走路。其次，当人们把手伸进藏着蛇的柴堆或类似的地方时，会被蛇咬伤手部或前臂。
A friend of mine was chased by a rattlesnake after she accidentally stepped on it. She picked up her 2 smalll children and had to run as fast as she could. It chased her all the way down the trail. She spoke with the ranger afterward, and they were welll aware of the fact that rattlesnakes have been known to do this.
我的一个朋友不小心踩到了一条响尾蛇，然后被它追逐。她抱起她的两个小孩，不得不尽快地跑。它沿着小路一直追着她。事后她和护林员谈，而后者很清楚响尾蛇会这样做。
NNNightmares forever !
忒特么可怕了！