如果一个无家可归的人走进军队征兵处，告诉征兵官他想参军以获得工作和更好的生活，会发生什么？

David Cyr Former Recruiting Center Leader; Recruiting Master Trainer at US Army Recruiting Command (USAREC) (2006–2017)

大卫·西尔 前征兵中心负责人；美国陆军征兵司令部（USAREC）征兵高级教官（2006–2017）

I have a perfect answer for you. I was a Recruiter in Yonkers, NY. My recruiting center at the time was right next to a homeless shelter. One day, walking into my recruiting office, I see a young man, a bit overweight, who was waiting for the shelter to began serving its evening meal. We began talking, and he asked about enlisting in the Army. He stopped what he was doing and I sat him down for an interview to see if he otherwise qualifies.

我有一个完美的答案。我曾是纽约州扬克斯市的一名征兵人员。当时我的征兵中心就在一家收容所隔壁。有一天，我走进征兵办公室，看到一个略显超重的年轻人正在等收容所开始供应晚餐。我们聊了起来，他询问了参军的事。他停下了手中的事，我让他坐下进行面试，看看他是否符合其他条件。

He was a bit overweight as I already said so we addressed that and put him on a diet for a couple weeks. He met all other qualifications and scored well on the ASVAB. Within a month he had enlisted for a very good job, that transferred well into the civilian sector and also received a hefty signing bonus. Last I heard he had completed Basic Combat Training and his job training and was well on his way to a successful career as a Soldier.

正如我所说，他当时有点超重，所以我们针对这个问题，让他节食了几周。他符合所有其他条件，而且在军队职业能力倾向成套测验中取得了优异成绩。不到一个月，他就入伍了，获得了一份非常好的工作，这份工作在退伍后很容易转为民用就业，他还拿到了一笔丰厚的签约奖金。我最后一次听说他的消息时，他已经完成了基础战斗训练和专业技能培训，正顺利地在通往成功士兵生涯的道路上迈进。

Travis Grizzard Former FFL Firearms Dealer

特拉维斯·格里扎德 前联邦火器执照（FFL）持牌枪支经销商

I can tell you what happened one time that happened. The man grew up homeless, still managed to graduate high school. He enlisted right after high school, went to Fort Knox for Basic Training, D-19-4, graduated, went to Fort Sam, did college courses while he served, got his bachelor degree, then a master's. He was accepted to medical school, became a doctor, retired 6 years ago with 30 years service, LTC rank. Went into private practice.

我可以告诉你发生过的一件事。这个人在无家可归的环境中长大，却依然设法从高中毕业。他高中毕业后立即入伍，去诺克斯堡进行基础训练，毕业后去了萨姆休斯顿堡，在服役期间修完了大学课程，获得了学士学位，接着又拿到了硕士学位。他被医学院录取，成为了一名医生，6年前以中校军衔退役，服役满30年，随后进入私人诊所执业。

F Harding
哈丁

I was one of those homeless people you referred to. I was staying in a homeless shelter and a Marine recruiter actually came and got me, allowed me to live with him while at the same time preparing me for boot camp. To thank him, I graduated first in my platoon (Guide), and sent him a boot camp photo that he could use in his office for future recruits. I will never forget what this man did. The last time I spoke with him I was a Sgt at the time and he was preparing to retire.

我就是你所说的那种无家可归的人。我当时住在收容所里，一名海军陆战队征兵人员真的来接我了，让我和他住在一起，同时帮我准备新兵训练营。为了感谢他，我以排里第一名（向导）的成绩毕业，并寄给他一张新兵训练营的照片，让他可以挂在办公室里展示给未来的新兵看。我永远不会忘记这个人所做的一切。我最后一次和他通话时，我已经是一名中士了，而他正准备退休。

Assistant
匿名

Short answer: the recruiter would process the person like any other applicant but would first screen for basic eligibility, documentation, and suitability. Many homeless applicants are ultimately eligible; others are disqualified or delayed until they resolve specific issues. The practical path depends on branch, medical/mental-health history, criminal record, and ability to meet paperwork and stability requirements.

简而言之：征兵人员会像处理其他申请人一样处理这个人，但首先会筛选其基本资格、文件证明和适用性。许多无家可归的申请人最终是符合条件的；其他人则会被取消资格或推迟入伍，直到解决了特定问题。实际的途径取决于军种、医疗/心理健康史、犯罪记录以及满足文书和稳定性要求的能力。

Step-by-step what typically happens at the recruiter’s office

征兵办公室通常会按以下步骤进行：

Initial conversation and motivation - Recruiter asks why the person wants to join and explains the services/commitments of the branch. - Recruiter assesses immediate motivation, potential red flags (coercion, substance dependence, unstable behavior).

初步交谈与动机——征兵人员会询问此人为什么想参军，并解释该军种的服务/承诺。征兵人员会评估其当下的动机以及潜在的危险信号（如胁迫、药物依赖、行为不稳定）。

Eligibility screening (basic gates) - Age (usually 17–39 depending on branch and program). - U.S. citizenship or lawful permanent resident status. - Education level (high school diploma or GED; waivers limited). - Criminal history and conviction status (certain felonies or serious misdemeanors are disqualifying; some offenses may be waiverable). - Prior military service and discharge characterization (other-than-honorable, bad-conduct, dishonorable discharges severely limit reenlistment). - Dependents and family-care plan if single parents. - Drug use history (recent/ongoing substance abuse commonly disqualifying).

资格筛选（基本门槛）——年龄（通常为17-39岁，取决于军种和项目）。美国公民身份或合法永久居民身份。教育水平（高中文凭或同等学历证书GED；豁免情况有限）。犯罪历史和定罪状态（某些重罪或严重轻罪会导致不合格；部分罪行可能可以豁免）。先前的兵役经历和退伍性质（不光荣退伍、品行不良退伍、耻辱退伍会严重限制再次入伍）。若是单亲父母，需考量受抚养人及家庭照顾计划。吸毒史（近期/持续的药物滥用通常会导致不合格）。

Medical and mental-health screening - Recruiter will schedule Military Entrance Processing Station (MEPS) or a branch equivalent for full medical uation. - Homeless individuals often have untreated medical or mental-health conditions that can create disqualifying issues (untreated severe psychiatric disorders, uncontrolled chronic illness, significant substance dependence). - Some conditions are waiverable after documentation and treatment; others are not.

医疗和心理健康筛查——征兵人员会安排军事入口处理站或军种同等机构进行全面的医疗评估。无家可归者往往有未治疗的医疗或心理健康状况，这可能会造成不合格的问题（如未治疗的严重精神疾病、无法控制的慢性病、严重的药物依赖）。部分情况在有文件证明并经过治疗后可以豁免；其他情况则不行。

Paperwork and documentation challenges - Proof of identity (birth certificate, state ID, Social Security card) and education must be provided. Lack of documents slows or blocks enlistment until replaced. - Homeless candidates can use recruiter assistance and military-administered resources to obtain replacements, but this takes time.

文书和文件证明挑战——必须提供身份证明（出生证明、州身份证、社保卡）和学历证明。缺乏文件会减缓或阻碍入伍，直到补办完成。无家可归的候选人可以利用征兵人员的协助和军方管理的资源来补办，但这需要时间。

Security clearance and background checks - Certain occupational specialties require security clearance; unstable housing, unexplained gaps, or criminal activity can complicate clearance. - For non-sensitive roles, a basic background check is still performed.

安全审查和背景调查——某些职业专长需要安全审查；不稳定的住房状况、无法解释的空白期或犯罪活动会使审查变得复杂。对于非敏感职位，仍会进行基本的背景调查。

Practical and logistical considerations - Recruiters may connect the person with local support: temporary housing programs, Veterans Service Organizations (if veteran), or social services to stabilize situation prior to enlistment. - If eligible and cleared, the individual will be given an enlistment contract, scheduled for entry processing and basic training. Recruiters often work to ensure housing and clothing needs before shipping out. - If ineligible, recruiter explains disqualifying reasons and possible remedies: medical treatment, obtaining IDs, waivers, expungement, or completing GED.

实际和后勤考量——征兵人员可能会为其联系当地的支持机构：临时住房项目、退伍军人服务组织（如果是退伍军人）或社会服务机构，以便在入伍前稳定其状况。如果符合条件并通过审查，个人将获得入伍合同，并安排进行入伍处理和基础训练。征兵人员通常会努力确保其在出发前的住房和衣物需求得到满足。如果不合格，征兵人员会解释不合格的原因及可能的补救措施：医疗治疗、获取身份证件、申请豁免、消除犯罪记录或完成同等学历证书GED。

Outcomes by common scenarios
Eligible and cleared: The person enlists, attends basic training, and receives pay, housing, medical care and a structured pathway to a stable job and benefits.

常见情况的结果
符合条件并通过审查：此人入伍，参加基础训练，并获得工资、住房、医疗保健以及通往稳定工作和福利的结构化途径。

Conditionally eligible with fixable issues: Recruiter helps arrange steps (medical treatment, ID replacement, waiver requests); enlistment occurs once issues resolved.
Disqualified with non-waiverable conditions: Recruiter refers to alternative pathways — civilian job training programs, social services, VA (if veteran), or state/local employment and housing assistance.
Realistic timeline and barriers

有可解决问题的附条件合格：征兵人员协助安排步骤（医疗治疗、补办身份证、申请豁免）；一旦问题解决，即可入伍。
因不可豁免条件被取消资格：征兵人员会将其转介至其他途径——民用职业培训项目、社会服务、退伍军人事务部（如果是退伍军人）或州/地方就业和住房援助。
现实的时间表和障碍

From first contact to shipping to basic training often takes weeks to months depending on documentation, medical clearances, and waiver processing.
Major barriers that commonly delay or prevent enlistment: lack of ID, untreated substance dependence, serious mental-health diagnoses, certain criminal convictions, or prior punitive military discharges.
What recruiters and services commonly do to help

从初次接触到出发去基础训练通常需要数周到数月的时间，具体取决于文件准备、医疗审查和豁免处理的进度。
通常延迟或阻碍入伍的主要障碍包括：缺乏身份证件、未治疗的药物依赖、严重的心理健康诊断、某些刑事定罪或先前的惩罚性退伍。
征兵人员和军方通常提供的帮助

Assist with replacing IDs and birth certificates.
Refer to medical/behavioral-health treatment and social-service agencies.
Coordinate with transitional housing programs, nonprofits, and (for veterans) VA outreach programs.

协助补办身份证和出生证明。
转介至医疗/行为健康治疗和社会服务机构。
与过渡性住房项目、非营利组织以及（针对退伍军人的）退伍军人事务部外联项目进行协调。

Advise on obtaining GED, expungement, or legal help to improve eligibility.
Practical advice summary (implicit steps recruiters will suggest or take)
Gather or replace key documents (ID, Social Security, birth certificate, education records).

就获取同等学历证书GED、消除犯罪记录或寻求法律援助以提高资格提供建议。
实用建议总结（征兵人员会建议或采取的隐含步骤）
收集或补办关键文件（身份证、社保卡、出生证明、学历记录）。

Address substance-use or untreated mental-health issues before application.
Be prepared for background checks and medical exams; expect possible delays for waivers or additional documentation.
Use recruiter and community resources to stabilize housing and health while processing.

在申请前解决药物使用或未治疗的心理健康问题
做好背景调查和体检的准备；预计可能会因豁免或补充文件而出现延迟。
在处理过程中，利用征兵人员和社区资源来稳定住房和健康状况。

Note on variability
Policies and waiver strictness differ by branch (Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, Coast Guard) and by time; these answers reflect procedures and guidance current through May 2024.

关于差异性的说明
各军种（陆军、海军、空军、海军陆战队、海岸警卫队）的政策和豁免严格程度以及不同时间点均有所不同；这些回答反映了截至2024年5月的现行程序和指导方针。

Ross Pettit

罗斯·佩蒂特

Good afternoon. I worked at a Canadian Armed Forces recruiting office. Every day I would walk home in the led wars in Calgary Alberta. Every day an individual would beg for money. One day I played his bluff. He asked for money I set him down by a coffee kiosk bought him coffee donuts.After I offered him a recruiting package.

下午好。我曾在加拿大武装部队的一个征兵办公室工作。每天我都会在阿尔伯塔省卡尔加里的“红区”（原文led wars疑为Red Zone，指红灯区或治安混乱区）步行回家。每天都有一个人在那里乞讨。有一天我识破了他的把戏。他要钱时，我让他在一个咖啡亭坐下，给他买了咖啡和甜甜圈。之后我给了他一份征兵申请表。

Two days later he showed up with the completed package. He went on to complete process and join the Canadian Armed Forces. I was mocked by other recruiters said he would not show. I believe. Just because he was homeless does not mean he didn’t have anything to offer. Don’t write off people cause they don’t appear to be the same as you. At this time of year more than ever

两天后，他填好表格出现了。他继续完成了后续流程，加入了加拿大武装部队。其他征兵人员嘲笑我，说他肯定不会来。但我相信，仅仅因为他无家可归，并不意味着他没有任何价值。不要因为别人看起来和你不一样就把他们一笔勾销。每到每年的这个时候，这种感触比以往任何时候都更深。

Squall Leonhart SeeD Team Leader. Gunblade Specialist.

斯考尔·莱昂哈特 SeeD团队队长。枪刃专家。

That’s what I did. Went into his office when I was homeless. Didn’t have identity paperwork or anything that wasn’t carried on my back. After MEPS paperwork (including drug test) he put me up in a hotel and gave me a stack of free meal coupons and grocery store gift cards to last for the 7 or 10 days before I “shipped”. For that week I ate better than I had my entire life. Plus, a $25K signing bonus…that was nice.

我就是这么做的。我无家可归的时候走进了他的办公室。除了身上背着的东西，我没有身份证件或其他任何东西。在完成MEPS（军事入口处理站）的文书工作（包括药检）后，他为我在酒店订了房间，并给了我一叠免费餐券和杂货店礼品卡，足够我在“出发”前的七到十天里使用。那一周，我吃得比我这辈子任何时候都好。此外，还有2.5万美元的签约奖金……那真是太棒了。

As this was during the Iraq surge things have most probably changed, but this is what happened almost 15 years ago on my end. The military turned my life around. Wasn’t perfect but I’d change nothing.

因为这是在伊拉克增兵时期发生的事，现在的情况很可能已经变了，但这就是差不多15年前我这边发生的真实经历。军队彻底改变了我的生活。虽然并不完美，但我无怨无悔。

Rj Stasiowski Recruiter at U.S. Army (2021–present)

RJ·斯塔西奥夫斯基 美国陆军征兵人员（2021年至今）

Current Army Recruiter here. I don’t care if your homeless, if you meet the basic qualifications and have access to all your core documents I’m gonna put you in boots. Many times I’m willing to work a lot harder to get people in that situation in, they seen that they need a change and were willing to go get after it. People with nothing appreciate everything, they tend to be great people to work around in my experience. Unfortunately most people who are homeless are disqualified for one reason or another, be it law or medical issues.

我是现任陆军征兵人员。我不在乎你是否无家可归，如果你符合基本条件并且能提供所有核心文件，我就会让你穿上军装。很多时候，我愿意付出更多努力来帮助处于那种境遇的人参军，因为他们明白自己需要改变，并且愿意去追求它。一无所有的人会珍惜一切，根据我的经验，他们往往是很好共事的人。不幸的是，大多数无家可归者由于这样或那样的原因——无论是法律还是医疗问题——而被取消了资格。

Roland Bartetzko Logistics in Ukraine (2022–present)

罗兰·巴泰茨科 乌克兰后勤人员（2022年至今）

I served in three armies and fought in two wars, and when I pass a homeless person on a park bench, I often take a closer look at them.
I’m curious about the clothes they wear (especially their trousers) and how they carry their bundle. If someone can sleep in the open during all seasons, they may know a thing or two about survival. This is certainly a quality the army can use.

我曾在三支军队服役，并参加过两场战争。当我经过公园长椅上的流浪汉时，我经常会仔细打量他们一番。
我很好奇他们穿的衣服（尤其是裤子）以及他们如何背负行囊。如果有人能在一年四季都露宿户外，他们可能懂得一些生存之道。这当然是军队可以利用的一种品质。

In general, however, the military doesn't recruit homeless people, and this is for good reason.
Even here in Ukraine, where recruiters are actively on the search for draft dodgers, the homeless seem to be unaffected (I’ve never seen or heard of a homeless guy running away from the mobile TCK recruitment center teams).

然而，总的来说，军队并不招募无家可归者，这是有充分理由的。
即使在乌克兰这里，征兵人员正在积极搜寻逃避兵役者，但无家可归者似乎并未受到影响（我从未见过或听说过有流浪汉从流动征兵中心小组那里逃跑）。

95% of homeless persons in Europe (and probably elsewhere, too) are suffering from health issues that exclude them from military service. Alcoholism, drug abuse, and mental health problems are common among them.
Nevertheless, there are probably a few who may make good infantry soldiers, especially the vagabond types who are constantly on the move.

在欧洲（可能其他地方也是如此），95%的无家可归者患有导致其无法服兵役的健康问题。酗酒、吸毒和心理健康问题在他们中间很常见。
尽管如此，可能还是有少数人能成为优秀的步兵，特别是那些居无定所、四处流浪的人。

That the army doesn't put an effort into recruiting them is probably due to the relatively small number of such folks and the challenge of properly processing them.
Someone who isn't registered anywhere, has no documents, no phone number, and no email address, is the biggest nightmare for any military administration. Without proper documents, not even the French Foreign Legion will accept you.

军队不费力招募他们，可能是因为这类人的数量相对较少，而且妥善处理他们的手续颇具挑战。
一个在任何地方都没有登记、没有证件、没有电话号码、没有电子邮件地址的人，对任何军事行政部门来说都是最大的噩梦。没有适当的文件，就连法国外籍军团也不会接受你。

Last but not least, the biggest hurdle in recruiting the homeless is probably their mentality. The army values punctuality, discipline, and respect for authority - qualities not typically associated with homeless people, especially the latter.
Of course, I’m aware that even people who live under a roof and hold a job can be total slobs (we had some of them in our company in the German Army) but there were lousy soldiers and the army was wasting time and money with them.

最后但同样重要的是，招募无家可归者最大的障碍可能在于他们的心态。军队重视守时、纪律和对权威的尊重——这些品质通常与无家可归者无关，尤其是对权威的尊重这一点。
当然，我知道即使是有房住、有工作的人也可能是十足的懒汉（我们在德国军队的连队里就有一些这样的人），但他们是糟糕的士兵，军队在他们身上浪费了时间和金钱。

Tom Paulson Founder of The Cannabis Warrior Project community page

汤姆·保尔森 “大麻战士计划”社区页面创始人

I came off of skid row in Los Angelas at 18. I was treated like anyone else. I passed the background checks and other stuff picked a job that left for basic the next day. Stayed at a hotel paid by the military and next day I had a job a place to stay and something to eat. To be honest it wasn't about patriotism it was a way to escape from a no future battle. The only thing I wish I did differently was to wait for a job I wanted to do. But sometimes you have to do the best with what life serves you.

我18岁时离开了洛杉矶的贫民窟。我受到了和其他人一样的对待。我通过了背景调查和其他各项检查，选了一份工作，第二天就去参加基础训练了。我住在军队付费的酒店里，第二天我就有了工作、住处和食物。说实话，这与爱国主义无关，这是一种逃离毫无未来的困境的方式。我唯一希望当时能做得不同的是，等待一份我真正想做的工作。但有时候，你必须尽力利用生活赋予你的一切。

Brad Williams Former Soldier/M2 Mechanic/Recruiter/1SG at U.S. Army (1996–2022)

布拉德·威廉姆斯 前美国陆军士兵/M2技工/征兵人员/一级军士长（1996–2022）

I recruited for the US Army in Fresno/Clovis CA from 2008-2012. I had several homeless people come see me about improving their lives with training, a guaranteed paycheck, medical, and free housing. I would also approach anyone who looked like they even remotely met the age requirements regardless of any other factor. Can't pass the ASVAB? (test to get in, Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery) We had tutoring. Can't meet the weight requirements? I will talk nutrition and workout with you. Can't do push ups or sit ups? Or any of the other physical requirements? Again, I'll workout with you.

2008年至2012年，我在加利福尼亚州弗雷斯诺/克洛维斯为美国陆军征兵。有几个无家可归的人来找我，想通过训练、有保障的薪水、医疗和免费住房来改善他们的生活。我也会主动接触任何看起来哪怕稍微符合年龄要求的人，不管其他因素如何。通不过ASVAB（入伍测试，即军队职业能力倾向成套测验）？我们有辅导。达不到体重要求？我会和你谈谈营养和锻炼。做不了俯卧撑或仰卧起坐？或者其他任何体能要求？我会再次和你一起锻炼。

I needed to make numbers and wanted to be successful but I really believe the military can improve your situation and give you direction in life. It did for me. The biggest hurdle for a homeless person was a physical address, there are ways around that, and a way to contact them. If I needed something from them or needed to send them to MEPS I had to get ahold of them, sometimes quickly. (Military Entrance Processing Station) So, for me, and many other recruiters, we believe the military is a great way to “get an edge on life” and we would go the extra mile. Anyone who is willing to work for their goals deserves a chance to be successful. It's been a while, but I specifically remember 2 homeless people I put in. I checked on them several years after and they were doing great. Hopefully they are still living their American dream.

我需要完成指标，想要成功，但我真的相信军队可以改善你的处境，给你生活的方向。这、对我来说确实如此。对无家可归者来说，最大的障碍是实际住址，不过有办法解决这个问题，以及找到联系他们的方式。如果我需要他们提供什么东西，或者需要送他们去MEPS（军事入口处理站），我必须联系到他们，有时还得快。所以，对我和许多其他征兵人员来说，我们相信军队是“在生活中获得优势”的绝佳途径，我们会付出额外的努力。任何愿意为目标而努力的人都值得拥有成功的机会。虽然已经过去一段时间了，但我清楚地记得我招进去的两个无家可归者。几年后我去了解了一下他们的情况，他们做得很好。希望他们现在还在实现他们的美国梦。

John Glenn Independent shop owner, Realtor, Retired Air Force

约翰·格伦 独立店主，房地产经纪人，退役空军

During my time as a military training instructor, air force drill sgt, I had a couple trainees that were previously homeless. Typically I wouldn't find out about it until later in training, especially early on my job isn't to be their friend, and typically they were embarrassed about it. Truth is they always made great trainees. They knew what the bottom looked like, didn't need to be torn down, and ready to accept being built back up.

在我担任军事训练教官（空军操练军士）期间，我遇到过几个以前无家可归的学员。通常我要到训练后期才会发现这一点，特别是在初期，我的工作不是做他们的朋友，而且他们通常对此感到尴尬。事实是，他们总是成为很棒的学员。他们知道谷底是什么样子的，不需要被打倒，并且准备好接受重塑。

For those in that position, don't be ashamed. Life is full of mistakes, and at times we aren't in control of our life situation. The only shame is in accepting your situation and not learning from your mistakes, if you're trying to better yourself you've already got my respect.

对于那些处于那种境地的人，不要感到羞耻。生活充满了错误，有时我们无法控制自己的生活状况。唯一的耻辱是接受现状而不从错误中吸取教训，如果你正努力改善自己，你已经赢得了我的尊重。