如果俄罗斯没有输掉第一次世界大战会怎样？

Robert Foussat

罗伯特·福萨特

Originally Answered: What if Russia left WW1 earlier?

原问题：如果俄罗斯更早退出第一次世界大战，会怎么样？

Of the many possibilities had the Russians left the war earlier, one of the biggest speculations was how things would have gone for the Romanov Dynasty. By 1915, the position of the monarchy had been destabilized greatly.

如果俄罗斯更早退出一战，会衍生出诸多可能性，其中最受热议的一个猜想，便是罗曼诺夫王朝的命运将会如何。到1915年时，沙俄君主制的统治根基已经出现了极大的动摇。

There was little chance that Russia would have escaped revolution, even if Lenin, (even though it was actually Trotsky who actually organized and implemented the Bolshevik Revolution), had not entered the arena.
Russia had been a powder keg for most of the fifty years preceding the war, and the overthrow of the Tsar was only a matter of time.
So, in my opinion, had the Tsar exited the war earlier, it would have not only prolonged the inevitable ruin of his Dynasty, but it would have created an entirely new set of problems.

即便列宁未曾登上历史舞台——尽管实际上是托洛茨基组织并发动了布尔什维克革命——俄罗斯也几乎不可能逃脱革命的浪潮。
在一战爆发前的半个世纪里，俄罗斯早已是一个一触即发的火药桶，推翻沙皇统治不过是时间早晚的问题。
因此在我看来，即便沙皇更早退出战争，也不过是延缓王朝覆灭的命运而已，反而还会滋生出一系列全新的问题。

The French and the British empires had been just as vested in not only the war, but in Russia itself. The French and British governments as well as many investors had a heavy amount of capital in the keeping of the Russian Empire afloat, and, most importantly, it's army in the war.

法兰西帝国和大英帝国的利益诉求，不仅关乎这场战争本身，更与俄罗斯的命运紧密相连。英法两国政府以及大批投资者，都投入了巨额资本用于维系沙俄的存续，而其中最为关键的一点，是维持沙俄军队继续参战。

Had the Tsar pulled the plug, then Hindenburg would have had the men and resources available to make an effective and potentially lethal blow against the western front. Every time the Germans pressed on the west, the wire went out immediately to the Russians, requesting an offensive in the east, to take the pressure off the French and the British.

倘若沙皇选择单方面退出战争，兴登堡麾下的德军便会腾出大量兵力与资源，对西线协约国军队发起一次有效且可能致命的打击。每当德军在西线发起猛攻，协约国方面都会立即向沙俄发出电报，请求俄军在东线发动攻势，以此为英法两国军队分担压力。

While the Russians had some success against the Austro-Hungarian army, (specifically with the Brusilov Offensive, that almost knocked them out of the war in 1916), they had hardly any success against the Germans. The Russians kept a considerable part of the German Army bogged down in the east. That's how they best served the west.
So, I am unable to find a scenario for the Tsar where it's not lose-lose.

尽管俄军在对抗奥匈帝国军队的战斗中取得过一些胜利——尤其是1916年的布鲁西洛夫攻势，几乎将奥匈帝国彻底逐出战争——但他们在面对德军时却鲜有胜绩。俄军的最大作用，就是将德军的相当一部分兵力牢牢牵制在东线战场，这便是他们对西线协约国做出的最重要贡献。
因此，在我看来，无论沙皇作何选择，等待他的都是一个两败俱伤的结局。

Alexander Denisov

亚历山大·杰尼索夫

Russia did not lose the WWI. According to Churchill, Russia was in a position to win the WWI. The revolution finished with the collapse of both the Russian Empire and its army (the Order of the Petrograd Counsil No.1). The Temporary government, and later the bolsheviks tried to revive the army, but it was too late

俄罗斯并没有输掉第一次世界大战。正如丘吉尔所言，当时的俄罗斯本有能力赢得这场战争的胜利。是革命最终导致了俄罗斯帝国及其军队的覆灭，而《彼得格勒苏维埃第一号命令》更是加速了这一进程。无论是当时的临时政府，还是后来掌权的布尔什维克党，都曾试图重建军队，但一切都为时已晚。

As a result of the First World War, the Versailles peace treaty was concluded, according to which the amount of reparations was determined: 269 billion gold marks - the equivalent of about 100 thousand tons of gold. In the 1920s, this amount was reduced twice and amounted to 112 million, and then Hitler, who came to power, stopped paying. Payments were renewed under the London Treaty of 1953 and finished in 2010.

第一次世界大战最终缔结了《凡尔赛和约》，条约中明确了德国需要支付的赔款数额：2690亿金马克，这一数额约合10万吨黄金。到20世纪20年代，这笔赔款数额两度下调，最终降至1.12亿金马克。而后希特勒上台掌权，便彻底停止了赔款支付。直到1953年《伦敦条约》签订后，德国才重新开始支付赔款，并于2010年彻底付清。

Russia was among winners, and so had a right to get its part of reparations, but in 1922, Moscow refused German money in exchange for recognizing the legitimacy of the nationalization of German property in Russia.

俄罗斯本属于一战的战胜国之列，理应获得属于自己的那部分赔款份额，但在1922年，莫斯科方面主动放弃了德国的赔款，以此换取德国承认苏俄在境内对德国资产实施国有化的合法性。

Mark Baker

马克·贝克

Originally Answered: What was the impact of Russia leaving WWI?

原问题：俄罗斯退出第一次世界大战造成了哪些影响？

The military effect was that Germany was able to move troops from Russia to the Western Front and launch a major offensive against the British and French Armies in spring 1918. Their calculation was that they could drive the British and French armies apart and win the war before the arrival of an effective American Army could tip the balance. They were also able to move resources to the Italian Front and shatter the Italians at Caporetto, forcing the French and British to divert vital troops from the Western Front to Italy. In the end, Germany’s apparently victories in late 1917-mid 1918 were Pyrrhic, and weakened Germany more than they weakened their enemies.

军事层面的影响是，德国得以将部署在东线俄国战场的兵力调往西线，并于1918年春季对英法联军发动大规模攻势。德军的盘算是，抢在具备实战能力的美国远征军抵达欧洲、扭转战局之前，击溃英法联军并赢得战争胜利。德军还得以将部分兵力与资源调往意大利战场，在卡波雷托战役中重创意军，迫使英法两国从西线抽调精锐部队驰援意大利。最终，德国在1917年末至1918年中期取得的一系列表面胜利，都沦为了得不偿失的惨胜，这些胜利对德国自身造成的消耗，反而远超对协约国军队的打击。

The economic effect was that Germany was able to access the agrarian resources of the Eastern Europe to try to offset the crippling effects of the British blockade. Because of the importance of this, they still left a million men on the Eastern Front even after the victor’s Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, men who would have been invaluable on the Western Front.

经济层面的影响是，德国得以获取东欧地区的农业资源，以此缓解英国海上封锁带来的致命打击。正因为东欧资源至关重要，即便在签订了对德极为有利的《布列斯特-立陶夫斯克条约》之后，德军仍在东线保留了百万兵力——而这些兵力本可以成为西线战场上的生力军。

The ideological effect of the exit of autocratic Russia and the accession of the United States many that the Allies/Entente could now portray themselves as an alliance of democracies agains an alliance of absolutists, which was clearly largely true. This was a major propaganda coup for the Allies.

意识形态层面的影响在于，随着专制的俄罗斯退出战争、美国加入协约国阵营，协约国得以将自己塑造成“民主国家联盟”，以此对抗同盟国的“专制主义联盟”——而这一宣传口径在很大程度上确实符合事实。这无疑是协约国取得的一场重大舆论胜利。

Kurt Severinsen

库尔特·塞文森

Originally Answered: What would have happened if Russia had withdrawn from World War I earlier?

原问题：如果俄罗斯更早退出第一次世界大战，会发生什么？

It depends on when. But let's say April 1917.

这取决于具体的退出时间。不过我们可以假设，俄罗斯在1917年4月退出战争。

Russia: The revolution which removed the Czar was the Kerenskij revolution in February. If Kerenskij and Kornilov had secured a peace with Germany, one reason for popular unrest would have been removed and certainly Germany would not have helped Lenin through Germany to ignite the October revolution. It is likely that Russia would have not turned communist, but pursued a democratic path like the rest of Europe.

对俄罗斯的影响：推翻沙皇统治的是1917年2月爆发的克伦斯基革命。倘若克伦斯基与科尔尼洛夫能与德国达成和平协议，那么引发民众不满的一大诱因便会消失，德国自然也不会协助列宁取道德国返回俄国，进而点燃十月革命的导火索。这样一来，俄罗斯很可能不会走上共产主义道路，而是像欧洲其他国家一样，选择一条民主发展的道路。

UK/France: By April 1917 USA had declared war on Germany due to Germany's decision to go all in on the U-boat war in violation of the 1915 agreement following the Lusitania incident. So USA would be at war, the blockade of Germany was intact but the German spring offensive of 1918 would have been moved forward 1 year using the freed up soldiers from the Eastern front. This would have been a serious setback for UK and France as USA did not arrive in Europe in force until about a year after their entry into the war.

对英法两国的影响：1917年4月，美国已因德国重启无限制潜艇战（此举违反了1915年卢西塔尼亚号事件后达成的协议）而对德宣战。因此美国依旧会参战，对德国的海上封锁也会继续维持，但德军借助东线撤军腾出的兵力，会将1918年春季攻势提前一年发动。这对英法两国而言无疑是沉重打击，毕竟美军在宣战约一年后，才向欧洲派出大规模作战部队。

But it could turn a lot worse.
Supposing the agreement with Russia included a trade agreement like in 1939. Supposing Russia avoided the civil war. Then maybe Russia would have sold food and other needed supplies to Germany. A gigantic breach of the blockade.

但局势还有可能进一步恶化。
假设俄德和平协议中包含类似1939年签订的那种贸易协定，且俄罗斯得以避免内战，那么俄罗斯很可能会向德国出售粮食及其他紧缺物资。这无疑会彻底打破协约国对德国的海上封锁。

As it was, Germany was not beaten militarily although it probably would have been the case in 1919. They capitulated because of the blockade and the civil and political unrest mainly caused by supply shortages. So a trade agreement and a friendly Russia could have been a tremendous relief to Germany in 1917.

史实是，德国并非被协约国从军事上击败（尽管到1919年时，协约国很可能会取得军事胜利），其最终投降的原因，是海上封锁以及由此引发的物资短缺，进而导致国内出现严重的社会与政治动荡。因此在1917年，一份贸易协定外加一个对德友好的俄罗斯，足以让德国的处境得到极大改善。

Kevin Cross

凯文·克罗斯

Originally Answered: What would have happened if Russia had withdrawn from World War I earlier

原问题：如果俄罗斯更早退出第一次世界大战，会发生什么？

Well, the entire thing would probably been much better for Russia. While it would have been a serious blow to Russian prestige, Nicholas II might have kept the throne, and even if he had not, the democratic forces would probably have been able to hold on to power, forestalling a socialist revolution. They would have also been in a better position to negotiate, resulting in a less punishing treaty than they got at Brest-Litovsk.

嗯，对俄罗斯来说，整件事的结果很可能会好得多。尽管提前退出战争会严重损害俄罗斯的国际声望，但尼古拉二世或许能保住皇位；即便他失去皇位，民主势力也大概率能够掌权，从而阻止社会主义革命的爆发。而且俄罗斯还能以更有利的姿态参与谈判，最终签订一份远没有《布列斯特-立陶夫斯克条约》那般苛刻的和平协定。

It would have been worse for Britain and France, though. The German forces in the east could have been cycled over to the western front earlier, meaning heavier fighting. That said, I doubt it would have had any real impact on the result or the timing of the armistice - that was caused by the British blockade of Germany, not anything that happened on the battlefields.

不过对英法两国来说，情况则会变得更糟。德军东线部队能够更早调往西线，这意味着西线战场的战事会更加惨烈。尽管如此，我认为这并不会对战争结局或停战时间产生实质性影响——毕竟战争的走向是由英国的海上封锁决定的，而非战场上的胜负得失。

Thelostredcoat

失落的红衣军

Originally Answered: What if Russia won WWI?

原问题：如果俄罗斯赢得了第一次世界大战，会怎么样？

The best way for victory in the great war would probably be to change up their military leadership, tzar Nicolas can't take full command of the army, he is needed on the home front and as proven from history was a terrible military leader. This doesn't guarantee total victory for Russia yet however likely resulting only in less losses, the Russian army itself was still inefficient in WWI compared to Germany and Austria. The best bet for Russia here would just be to hold out politically and militarily until November 1918 in a total surrender of Germany, Austria and turkey.

俄罗斯想要赢得一战，最优路径或许是更换军事领导层——沙皇尼古拉二世绝不能执掌全军最高指挥权。他的职责应聚焦于后方内政，况且历史已然证明，他是一名糟糕的军事统帅。不过即便如此，也无法确保俄罗斯稳获全胜，最多只能减少军队伤亡。毕竟在一战中，俄军的作战效率远不及德军与奥匈帝国军队。对俄罗斯而言，最稳妥的策略就是在政治与军事层面咬牙坚持，直到1918年11月德国、奥匈帝国与奥斯曼土耳其彻底投降。

In the following peace Russia would likely unite the Eastern European people's under itself any polish or Ukrainian territory in Austria and Germany would be handed to them, giving them a large industrial sector. In turkey they would be given the lands handed to Armenia and Georgia in our own timeline. Weather turkey would still go to war over this or not depends, though If they did it would likely be an allied victory.

在战后的和平协议中，俄罗斯很可能会将东欧各民族置于自身的统治之下。奥匈帝国与德国境内的波兰及乌克兰领土，都将被划归俄罗斯，这会为其带来一个规模庞大的工业区。在土耳其方向，俄罗斯还会获得我们现实历史中分配给亚美尼亚和格鲁吉亚的土地。至于土耳其是否会因此再次挑起战争，尚难定论；但即便土耳其选择开战，获胜的也大概率会是协约国一方。

The number of communist revolts would massively decrease in countries like The UK, Weimar Republic and France without a soviet state to look up too, though they would still revolt in a small sence like they did before the soviets existed. This also wouldn't mean a red scare in the US.

如果没有苏维埃政权作为效仿对象，英国、魏玛共和国、法国等国的共产主义起义规模会大幅缩减。当然，这些国家仍会爆发小规模起义，就像苏维埃政权诞生之前那样。而美国也不会因此陷入“红色恐慌”。

Despite Russia's new massive size in population and landmass it's unlikely they'd become a more powerful superpower as the US after the war, their population was still agroculturaly based and without Stalin's policies it's unlikely Russia would be anywhere near an industrial power, as brutal as it sounds

尽管俄罗斯在战后会拥有更为庞大的人口与国土面积，但它未必能像美国那样崛起为一个更强大的超级大国。当时的俄罗斯人口仍以农业人口为主，而抛开斯大林的各项政策不谈——尽管这些政策听起来十分残酷——俄罗斯几乎不可能跻身工业强国之列。

However, with most of Europe now a monarchy again and it being unlikely for Austria, Hungary, turkey and Germany to depose their monarchs in this timeline, it would leave France as the sole European Republic, unlikely to get along too well with its former allies. Revolts across Russia would be common of course similar to the polish revolts in Germany in the 20s though much worse with a large polish and Ukrainian state inside its borders

然而，在这一历史线中，欧洲大部分国家会重新恢复君主制，奥匈帝国、匈牙利、土耳其和德国的君主很可能不会被推翻。如此一来，法国将成为欧洲大陆上唯一的共和国，它与昔日协约国盟友的关系很可能会变得剑拔弩张。当然，俄罗斯境内也会频繁爆发起义，其情形类似于20世纪20年代德国境内的波兰人起义，但由于其疆域内存在着一个规模庞大的波兰-乌克兰聚居区，起义的规模与烈度会严重得多。

Germany would still owe it's large debts and likely be the first to fall either to a socialist refine or a communist one following the war, possibly with their Kaiser intact.This new German state wouldn't exactly get along well with the two huge pro monarchist powers if it abololished their monarchy and would try to keep it as long as possible. France could follow shortly after this down the path of authoritarianism as Italy with its unwillingnes to fight both Britain and Russia probably wouldn't slip into the same authoritarian power as it did in the late 20s.

德国仍会背负巨额债务，战后很可能会率先爆发社会变革，要么建立社会主义政权，要么建立共产主义政权，德皇甚至有可能保住自己的皇位。如果这个新的德国政权选择废除君主制，那么它与两个奉行君主制的大国——英国与俄罗斯——的关系必然会急剧恶化，因此德国会尽可能长久地保留君主制。法国可能会在德国之后不久步意大利的后尘，走上威权主义道路；而意大利由于不愿同时与英国和俄罗斯为敌，反而不太可能像现实历史中那样，在20世纪20年代末建立威权政权。

A potential German annexation of the remaining Austro- Hungarian state in the 1930s and Frances war with Liberia would cause tension between the two socialist/communist superpowers and the remaining monarchist states.

到20世纪30年代，德国有可能吞并奥匈帝国的残余领土，而法国也可能与利比里亚爆发战争。这两件事会激化两大社会主义/共产主义强国与残存君主制国家之间的矛盾。

Only likely to lead down the path of a second world war once again between the monarchist and maybe communist states with the US unlikely to pic either side fearing both alliances in this new timeline.

最终的结果很可能是再次爆发一场世界大战，交战双方变为君主制国家阵营与共产主义国家阵营。而在这一新的历史线中，美国由于对两大阵营都心存忌惮，大概率会选择保持中立。

Marc Tinnez

马克·廷内斯

Originally Answered: What would have happened if Russia hadn't entered WWI?

原问题：如果俄罗斯没有参加第一次世界大战，会发生什么？

I’m assuming your question contemplates that all the other fighting nations would enter the war all the same without Russia.
Austria-Hungary wouldn’t have needed to distract resources towards defending its eastern borders and could have been able to concentrate on and maybe defeat Serbia.

我假设你的问题前提是：即便俄罗斯不参战，其他参战国仍会照常卷入这场战争。
奥匈帝国就无需抽调兵力与资源去防守东部边境，而是可以集中全力进攻塞尔维亚，甚至有可能彻底击败这个国家。

Germany would be able to mount their 1918 offensive in 1914, with fresh troops and gear plus with the USA not yet being a belligerent nation against Germany, so France, Belgium and Britain would have to take the brunt of the German attack alone and outnumbered. Germany would probably force a favorable armistice 12 or 18 months later.

德国就能在1914年便发动那场原本迟至1918年才实施的大规模攻势，彼时德军兵力充足、装备崭新，而且美国尚未对德宣战。如此一来，法国、比利时和英国就只能独自承受德军的猛攻，且始终处于兵力劣势。不出12到18个月，德国或许就能迫使协约国签订一份对自己极为有利的停战协定。

Lanning Russell

兰宁·拉塞尔

Russia certainly did not win WWI. Some important points are missed if you emphasize, conversely, that she lost. When the war ended in 1918, Russia had been out of the war for a year and was not the same entity that she had been when she entered the war in 1914. In 1917 The Russian Tsar abdicated and the new communist regime bought it’s way out of the war by sacrificing a good chunk of Russia’s western frontier. Lenin, the communist Party chairman, was then able to nail down the revolution and concentrate instead on the Russian Civil War and on building the USSR. So a lot of other what-ifs have to be in position to imagine Nicholas II as a victorious signer at Versailles. Two huge results would be the absence of both the 70-year run of the Soviet unx and the Cold War.

俄罗斯显然没有赢得第一次世界大战。但反过来，如果过分强调俄罗斯输掉了这场战争，也会忽略一些关键事实。1918年一战结束时，俄罗斯已经退出战争整整一年，而且此时的俄罗斯早已不是1914年参战之初的那个国家了。1917年，沙皇尼古拉二世退位，新生的苏维埃政权通过牺牲大片西部领土，才换来了退出战争的机会。之后，gcd主席列宁得以巩固革命成果，转而将精力集中在俄国内战与苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟的建设上。因此，要设想尼古拉二世作为战胜国代表在《凡尔赛和约》上签字的场景，需要满足诸多其他假设条件。而一旦俄罗斯赢得一战，两个重大的历史事件就不会发生：一是苏联长达70年的统治，二是冷战的爆发。

Robert Foussat

罗伯特·福萨特

Of all of the possibilities, the one that seems the more plausible would be, if Russia had won during the Great War, then, for starters, the Tsar would not have abdicated. This being because if the war had gone well for Russia, there would not have been the civil unrest that brought down the monarchy.

在所有可能的假设中，最合理的一种推测是：如果俄罗斯赢得了一战，那么首先，沙皇尼古拉二世就不会退位。这是因为如果俄罗斯在战争中捷报频传，就不会爆发最终推翻君主制的国内动荡。

Had the Romanov Dynasty stayed in power, then Russia would have remained technologically backward. For all of their wrongs and such, the Bolshevik Movement is what laid the ground work for Stalin to “drag Russia into the 20th century,” which lead Russia from almost no one even having electricity in 1919, to being the first nation to put a man into orbit within 50 years.

如果罗曼诺夫王朝得以延续统治，俄罗斯的科技水平很可能会持续落后。尽管布尔什维克运动存在种种争议与过错，但正是这场运动为斯大林“将俄罗斯拖入20世纪”奠定了基础。在这一进程中，俄罗斯从1919年时几乎无人用上电的状态，用了短短50年时间，便一跃成为世界上首个将人类送入太空轨道的国家。

Ronald Weinger

罗纳德·韦英格

Originally Answered: What would have happened if Russia hadn't entered WWI?

原问题：如果俄罗斯没有参加第一次世界大战，会发生什么？

Russia had a treaty with Serbia to come to that country’s aid in the event of war. France had a treaty to come to Russia’s aid in the event of war. Britain had a treaty to come to Belgium’s aid in the event of war. Germany had a treaty to support Austria-Hungary.

俄罗斯与塞尔维亚签订过条约，约定在塞尔维亚遭遇战争时为其提供援助。法国与俄罗斯也有盟约，承诺在俄罗斯卷入战争时出兵相助。英国则与比利时立有协定，会在比利时遭受入侵时为其撑腰。而德国则与奥匈帝国缔结了同盟条约。

So Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Russia declared war on Austria-Hungary. Germany declared war on Russia. France declared war on Germany. The Germans, in order to attack France asked the Belgians to allow German troops passage through their country. The Belgians refused so Germany invaded. The British declared war on Germany.

于是，奥匈帝国向塞尔维亚宣战，俄罗斯随即向奥匈帝国宣战，德国紧接着向俄罗斯宣战，法国也随之向德国宣战。为了进攻法国，德国请求比利时允许德军借道过境，遭到比利时拒绝后，德国悍然入侵比利时，英国因此向德国宣战。

Russia didn’t enter WWI because at the time it was a local dispute. If Russia reneged on its treaty with Serbia, Austria would have won the local war and absorbed Serbia into its Empire, and the Tsar may have remained in power another decade

俄罗斯当初参战，并非因为这只是一场地区性争端。倘若俄罗斯违背与塞尔维亚的条约、选择坐视不理，那么奥匈帝国就会赢得这场地区战争，并将塞尔维亚吞并。而沙皇尼古拉二世的统治，或许也能因此再延续十年。

Eleanor Kett

埃莉诺·凯特

Originally Answered: What would have happened if Russia won WW1?

原问题：如果俄罗斯赢得了第一次世界大战，会怎么样？

Russia would have won WWI without a revolution. There would most likely have been a gradual move towards a constitutional order in Russia, as was already taking place in the years leading up to the Great War. We wouldn’t have known the names of Lenin or Stalin and probably not Hitler either. Hitler got into power since the left was divided between the Social Democrats and the communists who took their orders from Moscow. Without the Bolsheviks, this split wouldn’t have occurred. I would venture to say that WWII would not have happened had Russia won WWI. I could go on and on, but to make a long story short, the world today would be a different place where WWI would be the main lesson against war.

如果俄罗斯赢得一战，国内就不会爆发革命。而且俄罗斯很可能会像一战爆发前的几年那样，逐步向君主立宪制过渡。如此一来，我们或许根本不会听说列宁或斯大林的名字，甚至希特勒也不会登上历史舞台。希特勒之所以能掌权，根源在于当时德国左翼阵营的分裂——社会民主党与听命于莫斯科的gcd水火不容。如果没有布尔什维克的存在，这种分裂就不会发生。我敢断言，倘若俄罗斯赢得一战，第二次世界大战就不会爆发。这个话题可以一直探讨下去，但简而言之，当今的世界会是另一番模样，而第一次世界大战也会成为人类抵制战争的核心警示案例。

Neil Wells

尼尔·威尔斯

Originally Answered: What would have happened if Russia won WW1?

原问题：如果俄罗斯赢得了第一次世界大战，会怎么样？

A very good answer by Eleanor, which in the main I agree with.

埃莉诺给出了一个非常精彩的答案，我大体上表示赞同。

In my view I would add that if Russia had won the Great War, the Imperial Russians would possibly add lands to their empire, similar to the Soviets Russians at the end of the Second World War. I guess that they would claim as war annexations such nations as the Ukraine, north and south Poland and lands on the Turkish border. They would also want other parts of the Middle East too, although they would have to negotiate with their victorious allies, Britain and France (similar to the agreement between Britain and France at the end of the war over the middle eastern lands of the Ottoman Empires).

在我看来，还可以补充一点：如果俄罗斯赢得一战，沙俄帝国很可能会像二战结束后的苏联那样，大肆扩张领土。我猜想，沙俄会将乌克兰、波兰南北部地区以及土耳其边境的土地，通通列为战争吞并的目标。此外，沙俄还会觊觎中东地区的其他领土，不过这需要与同为战胜国的英国和法国协商——就像一战结束后，英法两国瓜分奥斯曼帝国在中东的领土时所做的那样。

Vuk Todić

武克·托迪奇

Originally Answered: What would have happened if Russia won WW1?

原问题：如果俄罗斯赢得了第一次世界大战，会发生什么？

If russia did not fall under the revolution and french plan of 1915 was adopted at peace conference then we would see russia growing to become superpower, their economy would be stronger than the one by second half of 20 th centuary and we would see immense birth rate in russia which would lead to russia becoming very populated.

如果俄罗斯没有爆发革命，且1915年法国提出的方案能在战后和会上得以采纳，那么俄罗斯将会崛起为超级大国。到20世纪下半叶，其经济实力将远超现实历史中的水平；同时俄罗斯会迎来一波人口出生率的大幅攀升，进而发展成为一个人口大国。