英国禁止煮活龙虾以打击虐待动物
Boiling lobsters alive to be banned in UK animal cruelty crackdown
译文简介
“他们的经济一团糟，还要在这上面浪费时间？”——《卫报》报道。
正文翻译
Boiling lobsters alive to be banned in UK animal cruelty crackdown
-Move is part of a long-awaited Labour strategy including outlawing hen cages and ending puppy farming
英国禁止煮活龙虾以打击虐待动物
——此举是人们期待已久的工党战略的一部分，包括取缔母鸡笼子和结束幼犬养殖
（Animal welfare charities recommend stunning lobsters with an electric gun or chilling them in cold air or ice before cooking them.）
（动物福利慈善机构建议，在烹饪龙虾之前，先用电枪把它们击晕，或者用冷空气或冰把它们冷却一下。）
新闻：
Boiling lobsters while they are alive and conscious will be banned as part of a government strategy to improve animal welfare in England.
作为英国政府改善动物福利策略的一部分，英国将禁止在龙虾活着和有意识的时候煮龙虾。
Government ministers say that “live boiling is not an acceptable killing method” for crustaceans and alternative guidance will be published.
政府大臣们表示，对甲壳类动物来说，“活煮不是一种可接受的杀死方法”，并将发布替代指南。
The practice is already illegal in Switzerland, Norway and New Zealand. Animal welfare charities say that stunning lobsters with an electric gun or chilling them in cold air or ice before boiling them is more humane.
在瑞士、挪威和新西兰，这种做法已经被认定为非法。动物福利慈善机构表示，在煮龙虾之前，用电枪击晕它们，或者先在冷空气或冰中冷却它们更为人道。
A ban would build on a law introduced by the Conservatives in 2022, which stated that invertebrates including octopus, crabs and lobsters were sentient and felt pain as much as other animals.
这项禁令将建立在保守党于2022年推出的一项法律的基础上，该法律称，包括章鱼、螃蟹和龙虾在内的无脊椎动物和其他动物一样有知觉，也能感受到疼痛。
Ben Sturgeon, chief executive of the charity Crustacean Compassion, welcomed the plans, saying: “When live, conscious animals are placed into boiling water, they endure several minutes of excruciating pain. This is torture and completely avoidable. Humane alternatives, like electrical stunning, are readily available.”
慈善机构“同情甲壳类动物”的首席执行官本·斯特金对这些计划表示欢迎，他说：“当活着的、有意识的动物被放入沸水中时，它们会忍受几分钟的剧痛。这是完全可以避免的折磨。人道的替代方法，比如电击，很容易实施。”
Other changes in a long-awaited Labour strategy announced on Monday include outlawing hen cages and pig farrowing crates, ending puppy farming, consulting on banning electric shock collars for dogs and introducing humane slaughter requirements for farmed fish.
周一，工党宣布了一项期待已久的战略，其中的其他变化包括取缔母鸡笼子和猪产仔箱，结束幼犬养殖，就禁止给狗戴电击项圈进行咨询，并对养殖鱼类提出人道屠宰要求。
The proposals also tighten the rules on hunting, with a ban on shooting hares during the breeding season and an end to trail hunting, where an animal-based scent trail is laid for dogs to chase while riders follow on horseback.
该提案还加强了对狩猎的规定，禁止在繁殖季节射杀野兔，并叫停了追踪狩猎，即留下动物气味痕迹，供狗追逐，而骑手则在马背上跟随。
Labour pledged in its manifesto to extend the 2005 foxhunting ban to trail hunting. Animal welfare charities say trail hunting is being deployed as a “smokescreen” to carry on killing foxes.
工党在其宣言中承诺将2005年的猎狐禁令扩展到所有追踪狩猎。动物福利慈善机构表示，追踪狩猎是继续猎杀狐狸的“幌子”。
Nigel Farage, the leader of Reform UK, said the move was “authoritarian control freakery”. He added: “You might as well ban walking dogs in the countryside as they chase rabbits, hares, deer and foxes.”
英国改革党领导人奈杰尔·法拉奇表示，此举是“专制控制的怪胎”。他补充说：“你还不如禁止在乡下遛狗，因为它们会追逐兔子、野兔、鹿和狐狸。”
Polling suggests that voters overwhelmingly support tougher rules on hunting, although Reform voters are more divided. According to findings from YouGov last year, 29% of the party’s voters thought that hunting wild animals was acceptable, compared with 65% who thought it was not. Just 21% believed hunting with dogs should be allowed.
民调显示，绝大多数选民支持对狩猎实施更严格的规定，尽管支持改革党的选民意见分歧更大。根据舆观去年的调查结果，该党29%的选民认为狩猎野生动物是可以接受的，而65%的人认为不可接受。只有21%的人认为应该允许用狗打猎。
A Labour source said: “When it comes to being in touch with the priorities of working people, the horse has very much bolted for Nigel Farage. Time and again, he’s putting himself on the wrong side of issues which will keep the former Tories he’s stuffing his party with happy, but will do nothing to deliver a fairer future for Britain.
一位工党消息人士说：“当谈到与工薪阶层的优先事项接触时，奈杰尔·法拉奇早就赶不上趟了。他一次又一次地把自己放在错误的立场上，这将取悦他政党里的前保守党人，但对为英国创造一个更公平的未来毫无帮助。
“While Farage focuses on defending hunts that are often used as a smokescreen for killing wild animals, Labour is dealing with outdated laws which permit poor animal welfare practices. And at the same time we’re cutting the cost of living, reducing waiting lists and delivering the change working people voted for.”
“法拉奇的重点是为经常被用作杀害野生动物的幌子的狩猎行为辩护，而工党正在处理允许不良动物福利行为的过时法律。与此同时，我们正在削减生活成本，减少等候名单，实现工薪阶层投票支持的变革。”
The Green party largely welcomed the government’s plans but said ministers could go further by ending greyhound racing, which faces a ban in Wales by 2030.
绿党基本上对政府的计划表示欢迎，但表示大臣们可以更进一步，终结赛狗比赛（到2030年威尔士将禁止赛狗比赛）。
-Move is part of a long-awaited Labour strategy including outlawing hen cages and ending puppy farming
英国禁止煮活龙虾以打击虐待动物
——此举是人们期待已久的工党战略的一部分，包括取缔母鸡笼子和结束幼犬养殖
（Animal welfare charities recommend stunning lobsters with an electric gun or chilling them in cold air or ice before cooking them.）
（动物福利慈善机构建议，在烹饪龙虾之前，先用电枪把它们击晕，或者用冷空气或冰把它们冷却一下。）
新闻：
Boiling lobsters while they are alive and conscious will be banned as part of a government strategy to improve animal welfare in England.
作为英国政府改善动物福利策略的一部分，英国将禁止在龙虾活着和有意识的时候煮龙虾。
Government ministers say that “live boiling is not an acceptable killing method” for crustaceans and alternative guidance will be published.
政府大臣们表示，对甲壳类动物来说，“活煮不是一种可接受的杀死方法”，并将发布替代指南。
The practice is already illegal in Switzerland, Norway and New Zealand. Animal welfare charities say that stunning lobsters with an electric gun or chilling them in cold air or ice before boiling them is more humane.
在瑞士、挪威和新西兰，这种做法已经被认定为非法。动物福利慈善机构表示，在煮龙虾之前，用电枪击晕它们，或者先在冷空气或冰中冷却它们更为人道。
A ban would build on a law introduced by the Conservatives in 2022, which stated that invertebrates including octopus, crabs and lobsters were sentient and felt pain as much as other animals.
这项禁令将建立在保守党于2022年推出的一项法律的基础上，该法律称，包括章鱼、螃蟹和龙虾在内的无脊椎动物和其他动物一样有知觉，也能感受到疼痛。
Ben Sturgeon, chief executive of the charity Crustacean Compassion, welcomed the plans, saying: “When live, conscious animals are placed into boiling water, they endure several minutes of excruciating pain. This is torture and completely avoidable. Humane alternatives, like electrical stunning, are readily available.”
慈善机构“同情甲壳类动物”的首席执行官本·斯特金对这些计划表示欢迎，他说：“当活着的、有意识的动物被放入沸水中时，它们会忍受几分钟的剧痛。这是完全可以避免的折磨。人道的替代方法，比如电击，很容易实施。”
Other changes in a long-awaited Labour strategy announced on Monday include outlawing hen cages and pig farrowing crates, ending puppy farming, consulting on banning electric shock collars for dogs and introducing humane slaughter requirements for farmed fish.
周一，工党宣布了一项期待已久的战略，其中的其他变化包括取缔母鸡笼子和猪产仔箱，结束幼犬养殖，就禁止给狗戴电击项圈进行咨询，并对养殖鱼类提出人道屠宰要求。
The proposals also tighten the rules on hunting, with a ban on shooting hares during the breeding season and an end to trail hunting, where an animal-based scent trail is laid for dogs to chase while riders follow on horseback.
该提案还加强了对狩猎的规定，禁止在繁殖季节射杀野兔，并叫停了追踪狩猎，即留下动物气味痕迹，供狗追逐，而骑手则在马背上跟随。
Labour pledged in its manifesto to extend the 2005 foxhunting ban to trail hunting. Animal welfare charities say trail hunting is being deployed as a “smokescreen” to carry on killing foxes.
工党在其宣言中承诺将2005年的猎狐禁令扩展到所有追踪狩猎。动物福利慈善机构表示，追踪狩猎是继续猎杀狐狸的“幌子”。
Nigel Farage, the leader of Reform UK, said the move was “authoritarian control freakery”. He added: “You might as well ban walking dogs in the countryside as they chase rabbits, hares, deer and foxes.”
英国改革党领导人奈杰尔·法拉奇表示，此举是“专制控制的怪胎”。他补充说：“你还不如禁止在乡下遛狗，因为它们会追逐兔子、野兔、鹿和狐狸。”
Polling suggests that voters overwhelmingly support tougher rules on hunting, although Reform voters are more divided. According to findings from YouGov last year, 29% of the party’s voters thought that hunting wild animals was acceptable, compared with 65% who thought it was not. Just 21% believed hunting with dogs should be allowed.
民调显示，绝大多数选民支持对狩猎实施更严格的规定，尽管支持改革党的选民意见分歧更大。根据舆观去年的调查结果，该党29%的选民认为狩猎野生动物是可以接受的，而65%的人认为不可接受。只有21%的人认为应该允许用狗打猎。
A Labour source said: “When it comes to being in touch with the priorities of working people, the horse has very much bolted for Nigel Farage. Time and again, he’s putting himself on the wrong side of issues which will keep the former Tories he’s stuffing his party with happy, but will do nothing to deliver a fairer future for Britain.
一位工党消息人士说：“当谈到与工薪阶层的优先事项接触时，奈杰尔·法拉奇早就赶不上趟了。他一次又一次地把自己放在错误的立场上，这将取悦他政党里的前保守党人，但对为英国创造一个更公平的未来毫无帮助。
“While Farage focuses on defending hunts that are often used as a smokescreen for killing wild animals, Labour is dealing with outdated laws which permit poor animal welfare practices. And at the same time we’re cutting the cost of living, reducing waiting lists and delivering the change working people voted for.”
“法拉奇的重点是为经常被用作杀害野生动物的幌子的狩猎行为辩护，而工党正在处理允许不良动物福利行为的过时法律。与此同时，我们正在削减生活成本，减少等候名单，实现工薪阶层投票支持的变革。”
The Green party largely welcomed the government’s plans but said ministers could go further by ending greyhound racing, which faces a ban in Wales by 2030.
绿党基本上对政府的计划表示欢迎，但表示大臣们可以更进一步，终结赛狗比赛（到2030年威尔士将禁止赛狗比赛）。
评论翻译
很赞 ( 4 )
收藏
I've looked in on marine biology discussions about lobsters and it seems like there's not really a good consensus about lobster pain - they don't have a centralized brain like we do, and there's not a good way to get all those nerve centers at once.
我看过关于龙虾的海洋生物学讨论，似乎对龙虾的疼痛并没有一个很好的共识——它们不像我们那样有一个集中的大脑，也没有一个好的途径来同时控制所有的神经中枢。
No-Risk-2584
Yeah, it’s debated by scientists whether they experience pain - if they do it’s not in the way humans do as they don’t have brains - just a bundle of nerves but studies show they experience some kind of suffering.
They might not feel being boiled alive like a human does, but they sure as shit don’t like it and it causes some kind of distress. I once saw one thrash about trying to escape which completely flipped my opinion on the subject.
I think most people dislike the idea of causing unnecessary distress to animals - even food and non-mammals if it can be avoided.
是的，科学家们一直在争论它们是否会感到疼痛——如果它们会，那不是以人类的方式，因为它们没有大脑——只有一束神经——但研究表明它们会感受到某种痛苦。
它们可能不会像人类一样感到被活活煮熟，但它们肯定不喜欢这种感觉，而且这种感觉会带来某种痛苦。我曾经看到一个关于试图逃跑的鞭打，这完全改变了我对这个问题的看法。
我想大多数人都不喜欢给动物造成不必要的痛苦——即使是食物和非哺乳动物，如果可以避免的话。
robotred12
Years ago in culinary school we were taught how to properly dispatch a lobster. The subject came up and we were explicitly told that if we care about animals and take pride in our work.
Respect where food comes from. You’re killing the animal either way. At least have the decency to make it quick.
Same thing with hunting. Nobody feels worse about a bad shot than the hunter who made it. Only difference is you have to find the poor animal to finish it. I’ve seen my friends in tears over a bad shot. It’s heartbreaking to see anything suffer. Especially if you’re the reason.
几年前，在烹饪学校，我们学习了如何正确地处理龙虾。这个话题出现了，我们被明确地告知，如果我们关心动物，并为我们的工作感到自豪。
那就尊重食物的来源。不管怎样，你都是在杀死动物。至少要有让这个过程快一点的礼貌。
打猎也是一样。没有人会比射不中枪的猎人更难受了。唯一的区别是你必须找到那个可怜的动物来完成它。我曾见过我的朋友为一次射不中而流泪。看到任何东西受苦都令人心碎。尤其是如果你就是痛苦的原因。
Abe_Odd
So what is the way to "properly dispatch a lobster". I was under the impression that the lack of a central brain means that even decapitations will not necessarily yield a significantly faster death than boiling water
那么，怎样才能“恰当地处理龙虾”呢？我的印象是，没有中央大脑意味着即使斩首也不一定比煮沸更快地死亡
iskandar
best way is to stab it right behind the indent in the carapace then slice downward cutting it in half lengthwise. This cuts the largest cluster of nerves and when done properly kills it.
最好的办法是刺入甲壳的凹痕后面，然后向下切，纵向切成两半。这能切断最大的神经束，如果操作得当，就能杀死它。
DirkDirkinson
I've tried this and apparently failed miserably, watched videos on where to cut and everything. I basically ended up slicing the entire thing in half from where the tail meets the body through the front of the head. The lobster was still moving after attempting multiple times. I felt horrible, it seemed like I made it suffer even worse. I still have no idea what I did wrong though.
我试过这个，但显然失败得很惨，我看了一些视频，告诉我该在哪里切。我基本上把整个东西从尾巴和身体接触的地方切成两半，一直到头部的前面。在多次尝试之后，龙虾仍然在移动。我感觉很糟糕，好像我让它更痛苦了。我仍然不知道我做错了什么。
voltagejim
Holy crap that sounds horrifying! That's like someone chaining you up and cutting you in half length wise while still conscious
天哪，听起来好可怕！这就像有人把你锁起来，在你清醒的时候把你切成两半
Guy_GuyGuy
It is not debated whether or not lobsters feel pain. Reacting to external stimuli is a part of the definition of life. EVERYTHING in the animal kingdom experiences pain.
The topic of discussion is whether they suffer. Even there, there is a general consensus that creatures like lobsters do, but it’s debated how complex and comparable that suffering is to what humans know as suffering.
龙虾是否感到疼痛是没有争议的。对外界刺激作出反应是生命定义的一部分。动物王国里的一切都经历过疼痛。
讨论的主题是它们是否痛苦。即使这一点，也有一个普遍的共识，那就是像龙虾这样的生物会痛苦，但人们对这种痛苦与人类所知道的痛苦有多复杂和可比性存在争议。
llyrPARRI
Guarantee that everyone complaining about not being able to boil a lobster alive anymore never actually cooks or eats any lobster.
我保证那些抱怨不能煮活龙虾的人永远不会真正烹饪或吃龙虾。
cobra_chicken
Cooks, probably not, but eats? Yeah, doubt that one.
Lots of people eat lobster
烹饪，可能不会，但吃呢？是的，我对此表示怀疑。
很多人吃龙虾
Villag3Idiot
I cook lobster.
I don't know if they can feel pain or not, but it's a quick knife plunge into their head to kill them before you cook them so why not?
我烹饪龙虾。
我不知道它们是否能感觉到疼痛，但在烹饪它们之前，这是把刀快速插入它们头部以杀死它们，所以为什么不这么干呢？
Stalviet
My understanding was a knife to the head doesn't kill them, it severs the ganglia that controls motor function, since their "brain" is split across several ganglia down the length of their body. So its more akin to paralysis than death
我的理解是，一刀插在它们头上并不能杀死它们，这只是切断了控制运动功能的神经节，因为他们的“大脑”被分成了好几个神经节，沿着身体的长度延伸开来。所以它更像是瘫痪而不是死亡
ConstantSignal
They don’t really have heads. They don’t have centralised brains. They have clusters of nerve cells all over their bodies. The one near their eyes is believed to control their bodily functions and reactions to stimuli. So when you are stabbing them there you aren’t necessarily killing them, just effectively paralysing them.
Whether they then feel the pain of whatever else you do after stabbing them in order to cook them is unclear.
它们其实没有头。它们没有集中的大脑。它们全身都有神经细胞簇。眼睛附近的那个被认为控制着它们的身体机能和对刺激的反应。所以当你刺它们的时候，你不一定杀死了它们，只是有效地瘫痪了它们。
在你为了煮它们而刺伤它们之后，它们是否还会感到疼痛还不清楚。
Material_Series_769
I want to understand the logic behind it though, ban boiling, that's 100% fine by me, but flash freezing hundreds of thousands of tons of fish everyday is fine?
我想弄明白这背后的逻辑，禁止煮，这对我来说完全没问题，但每天快速冷冻数十万吨鱼就是可以的？
SuddenBumHair
Chef here. There is 0 benefit to boiling alive. It affects the flavour or texture.
Point of sharp knife in the centre of the "neck" buried deep and then the knife brought down 90 degrees, chopping the head in half. Killing instantly.
Ive had this argument a million times and i know people's minds wont be changed and im sure the hivemind will come after me for this yet again.
I DONT however think shit like this should be illegal, part of consuming living things is those things experience pain when we kill them. Just because something doesnt experience pain, exactly the same way we do. Does not mean it doesnt experience pain in its own way.
Trees and grass are alive also, just because something has pain receptors the same as us. Does not make them more deserving of a quick death.
我是厨师。活煮没有任何好处。它会影响味道和口感。
锋利的刀尖深插进“脖子”的中心，然后刀向下切90度，把头切成两半。就立即死亡了。
这个问题我已经争论过无数次了，我知道人们的想法是不会改变的，而且我确信乌合之众们还会再来找我的麻烦。
然而我不认为这样的做法应该是非法的，消费生物的一部分就是当我们杀死它们时，它们会经历痛苦。只是因为有些东西不会经历痛苦，就像我们一样。但这并不意味着它不会以自己的方式经历痛苦。
树和草也是有生命的，因为它们和我们一样有痛觉感受器。但这并不能让他们更应该死得更快。
Symphonic7
I've always been of the belief that animals that are dispatched quickly taste better. They dont release stress hormones as they slowly die, or fight and release lactic acid into the muscles. Of course thats mostly relevant to mammals and fish, but I figured lobsters and crab would be somewhat similar.
我一直相信被迅速杀死的动物味道更好。它们不会释放缓慢死亡时的应激激素，也不会反抗并向肌肉释放乳酸。当然，这主要与哺乳动物和鱼类有关，但我认为龙虾和螃蟹会有一些相似之处。
Really_cool_usernam3
I’m more interested in talking about the part that said most people in the UK are against hunting. I feel like hunting is more humane than forcing animals to live in cages and fatting them up just to kill them. At least with hunting those animals got to live life freely as they were meant to
我更感兴趣的是说大多数英国人都反对狩猎的部分。我觉得狩猎比把动物关在笼子里养肥然后杀掉它们更人道。至少通过狩猎，这些动物可以自由地生活，就像它们应该生活的那样
WebsterI
I don't think most people in the UK are against hunting for food. But we are definitely against a bunch of upper class tossers getting pissed and chasing a fox around with a pack of dogs for 'sport'.
In my eyes, if you're killing to eat, go wild. But fox hunting isn't that.
我不认为大多数英国人反对捕猎食物。但我们绝对反对的是一群上流社会的酒鬼，他们喝醉了，带着一群狗到处追逐狐狸，只是为了“娱乐”。
在我看来，如果你是为了填饱肚子而杀生，那就杀吧。但猎狐不是这种。
StefanLeenaars
I actually read this whole meta study on this, that really went into the pros and cons of each technique. And how the old idea that boiling them alive instantly kills them, was clearly wrong…
The most humane way seems to be electrocution. But you need a special industrial machine (The Crustastun) for this that costs several thousand pounds, and is the size of a large printer. So out of reach for the average home chef.
The second most humane way was (surprisingly) quickly splitting in half, but the downside of this technique that to do it properly, you needed to be a very well trained and fast working chef.
The third was in the freezer for a short while to make them drowsy. Them a knife through the neck and head, and then immediately put in boiling water…
我实际上读了关于这个的整个元研究，它确实深入研究了每种（宰杀）技术的利弊。而那些认为将它们活活煮死的老想法，显然是错误的……
最人道的方法似乎是电刑。但是你需要一台特殊的工业机器（水产品电击机）来完成这项工作，它要花费几千英镑，大小和一台大型打印机差不多。一般的家庭厨师都不现实。
第二种最人道的方法是（令人惊讶地）迅速切成两半，但这种方法的缺点是，要想正确地做到这一点，你需要成为一名训练有素、工作速度快的厨师。
第三种方法是在冰箱里放一会儿，让它们昏昏欲睡。然后一刀穿过脖子和头部，然后立即放入沸水中……
Gillilnomics
I’m not against dispatching them beforehand, however, what’s next? Fines for swatting mosquitoes?
Broccoli has rudimentary nerve pathways, who’s to say that grass doesn’t “feel” pain when it’s cut? There’s plenty of research showing trees and plants communicating predation via chemical signals
I’m not saying we should avoid inflicting pain, I’m just saying this seems extremely misguided.
我不反对提前把它们送走，但是，接下来怎么办？拍蚊子也要罚款？
西兰花有基本的神经通路，谁能说草在被割的时候不会“感觉到”疼痛呢？有大量研究表明，树木和植物会通过化学信号与捕食者交流
我不是说我们应该避免带来痛苦，我只是说这似乎严重跑偏了。
PristineAnt5477
Ridiculous
荒谬
concrete_dandelion
Right, it's absolutely ridiculous that such a law is even necessary and that it's still legal in most of the world.
是的，这样的法律是必要的，而且它在世界上大多数地方仍然是合法的绝对是荒谬的。
NyriasNeo
Their economy is in the shitter, and they waste time on this?
It is not that hard to just put a knife through a lobster head before boiling it. I am sure those who cannot afford lobsters are really glad that lobsters are going to die a better death, in theory, before becoming dinner.
How are they going to enforce this? Send a cop to everyone who bought a live lobster and watch them kill it before boiling?
他们的经济一团糟，还要在这上面浪费时间？
在煮龙虾之前，用刀刺穿龙虾头并不难。我敢肯定，那些买不起龙虾的人真的会为龙虾在成为晚餐之前，理论上会死得更好而很开心。
他们将如何执行？派个警察去每个买活龙虾的人那里看着他们在煮龙虾之前先把龙虾杀掉吗？
james_the_wanderer
It's funny how much ink is spilled on politically easy virtue signaling when poor and marginalized humans unnecessarily are born, live, and die amidst struggle, pain, and want.
当穷人和被边缘化的人不必要地在挣扎、痛苦和匮乏中出生、生活和死亡时，被洒在政治上的简单美德信号上的笔墨量之巨真是太荒唐了。