亚洲人在纳粹德国是如何被对待的？

James W. Hoover

詹姆斯·W·胡佛

To add a different spin to the other answers here, I’ll mention the Nazi attitude regarding India and Indians.
The term “Aryan” was actually derived from Sanskrit, and was used for the upper caste peoples of Vedic northern India in ancient times. “Arya” meant “Noble.” As a common Indo-European root, it appears in the names of Iran and Éire (Ireland). Of course, the Nazi use of the term had little to do with its original meaning.

为了给这里的其他回答提供一个不同的视角，我来谈一谈纳粹对印度和印度人的态度。
“雅利安人”一词实际上源自梵语，在古代用来称呼吠陀时期印度北部的高种姓人群，“雅利安”的意思是“高贵的”。作为印欧语系的一个通用词根，它也出现在伊朗（Iran）和爱尔兰（Éire）的名称中。当然，纳粹对这个词的使用和它原本的含义几乎没有关系。

Prior to WWII, Germans had a fairly large presence in India. Once trade restrictions were lifted, after the First World War, German companies aggressively moved into Indian markets, where they exploited Indian anger with the British to sell German products. German businessmen - many of whom went to work for Abwehr (one of the German intelligence agencies) - systematically befriended Indian nationalists. Note: there had been a history of Germans cultivating anti-British Indians since before WWI, as well as a steady stream of Indian students who chose to study in Germany rather than the UK.

二战之前，德国人在印度有相当大的势力范围。一战结束后，贸易限制取消，德国公司大举进入印度市场，他们利用印度人对英国人的不满来销售德国产品。德国商人——其中有不少为阿勃维尔（德国情报机构之一）效力——刻意结交印度民族主义者。补充：早在一战之前，德国人就开始笼络反英的印度人，同时也有源源不断的印度学生选择去德国而非英国留学。

During WWII, ex-Congress leader Subhas Chandra Bose famously went to Germany. He escaped from house arrest in Calcutta, fled to Afghanistan, and was forwarded to Moscow by undercover Abwehr agents, posing as civil engineers, at Kabul. Moscow had no use for Bose (who was not a communist), so they sent him on to Berlin. Although Bose met several times with Nazi leaders, Hitler did not really have any use for Bose, except as a propaganda tool. Bose was kept waiting, and during his stay lived with an Austrian woman, Emilie Schenkl, and settled down. He and Emilie, who had met before the War, in 1937, had (according to some sources) already secretly married, and eventually they had a daughter. Another school of thought is that Schenkl and Bose married in 1942.

二战期间，前国大党领导人苏巴斯·钱德拉·鲍斯曾前往德国，这件事广为人知。他从加尔各答的软禁中逃脱，逃到阿富汗，在喀布尔由伪装成土木工程师的阿勃维尔秘密特工转送至莫斯科。莫斯科不需要鲍斯（他不是共产主义者），于是将他送往柏林。尽管鲍斯与纳粹领导人见过几次面，但希特勒除了将他当作宣传工具之外，其实并不重视他。鲍斯在此期间一直被冷落，他和一名奥地利女子埃米莉·申克尔一起生活并定居下来。他和埃米莉在战前的1937年就已相识，有消息称他们当时已经秘密结婚，后来还生下了一个女儿，也有另一种说法是申克尔和鲍斯在1942年才结婚。

When Bose finally met Hitler, their exchange only lasted a few minutes, and was essentially meaningless.
Hitler’s ambivalence to Bose probably had to do with the fact that he admired British colonial rule in India, and saw it as a possible model for the occupation regimes he wanted to set up in Eastern Europe. All this tells us is that Hitler actually didn’t know much about the Indian Civil Service of the 1930s. It was eventually decided that Bose would be of more use, against the British, working with the Japanese, and thus a Nazi submarine took him to the Indian Ocean, where he was transferred to a Japanese sub, and eventually sent to Tokyo. Emilie stayed in Europe with her daughter. Both of them survived the War.

当鲍斯终于见到希特勒时，他们的交流只持续了几分钟，而且基本上没有任何实质内容。
希特勒对鲍斯的这种矛盾态度，可能和他欣赏英国在印度的殖民统治有关，他将其视为自己想要在东欧建立的占领政权的可能范本。这一切都说明，希特勒实际上对20世纪30年代的印度文官制度知之甚少。最终，各方认定鲍斯与日本人合作对抗英国能发挥更大作用，于是一艘纳粹潜艇将他送到印度洋，在那里他被转移到一艘日本潜艇上，最终被送往东京。埃米莉带着女儿留在了欧洲，母女二人都在战争中幸存了下来。

Meanwhile, the Italian and German forces had captured about 10,000 Indian soldiers, fighting with the British, of whom a total of approximately 4,500 eventually joined special Indian units formed by both Italy and Germany. Bose played a role in this as a recruiter. Those Indians who fought for Germany, apparently being classified as “Aryans,” were eventually placed in the Waffen-SS, along with all the other foreign contingents in the German Army, after D-Day. By all accounts, the Indian troops proved to be a problem for the Nazis. Much like the INA (Indian National Army) fighting with the Japanese, they were not seen or used as front-line troops until the very end of the War. The Germans posted them to Holland and quiet parts of France, along the Bay of Biscay. When they were absorbed into the Waffen-SS, the Indians obxted to their new German commander, and were reposted to rear areas; those in Italy, meanwhile, were reassigned to anti-partisan operations, possibly because they were facing British forces that included many Indian regiments.

与此同时，意大利和德国军队俘获了约10000名在英军作战的印度士兵，其中约4500人最终加入了意大利和德国组建的印度特殊部队，鲍斯在其中扮演了招募者的角色。那些为德国作战的印度人显然被归为“雅利安人”，诺曼底登陆后，他们和德军中的其他外籍部队一起被编入武装党卫队。据说，印度部队给纳粹带来了不少麻烦。就像与日军并肩作战的印度国民军（INA）一样，直到战争末期，他们才被当作前线部队投入战斗。德国人将他们部署在荷兰以及法国比斯开湾沿岸的平静地区。在被编入武装党卫队后，印度士兵反对新来的德国指挥官，于是被调往后方；而在意大利的印度士兵则被重新分配去执行反游击任务，这可能是因为他们面对的英军部队中包含许多印度军团。

At the end of the War, some of the Indian Legion troops tried to escape to Switzerland, along the shores of Lake Constance, but they were captured by U.S. and French troops, handed over to the British, and shipped back to India, where some of them were tried for treason.

战争结束时，部分印度军团的士兵试图沿康斯坦茨湖岸逃往瑞士，但他们被美军和法军俘虏，被移交给英国人后被遣送回印度，其中一些人被以叛国罪受审。

Anonymous
匿名

Adolf Hitler, ironically, considered East Asians, the Chinese and Japanese in particular, not as an inferior race but so-called Honorary Aryan. The Nationalist Party, otherwise known as the KMT, of the Republic of China maintained a positive relationship with Nazi Germany until 1941, because the Chinese at the time saw that Germany and China were both in a similar situation. Nazi Germany supplied the Chinese Republic with German equipment, German training, and German advisers.

颇具讽刺意味的是，阿道夫·希特勒并不将东亚人——尤其是中国人和日本人——视为劣等种族，而是将他们称为所谓的“荣誉雅利安人”。中华民国的国民党（KMT）与纳粹德国一直保持着良好的关系，这种状态持续到1941年，因为当时的中国人认为德国和中国处境相似。纳粹德国向中华民国提供德国装备、德军训练以及德国顾问。

Many top ranking officers of the Republic of China, including Chiang Kai-shek’s adopted son, either went to training in Germany or were trained by the German advisers in China.
Chinese nationalist force used German military equipment and fought with German-style tactics.
Chinese politicians during the Republic Era saw Hitler favourably, and held many discussions and collaborations with the Germans.

中华民国的许多高级军官，包括蒋介石的养子，要么前往德国接受训练，要么在中国由德国顾问训练。
中国的国民党部队使用德国军事装备，采用德军战术作战。
民国时期的中国政治家对希特勒印象不错，他们与德国人进行了多次商讨与合作。

The 88th division, one of the most well-trained divisions in the Nationalist Revolutionary Army, was not only trained by the Germans but also organized in the German way.
In fact, there were even Chinese collaborators fighting for Germany on German soil.
The Japanese were even more closely affiliated with the Germans in WWII. The leaders held many talks and shared similar ideologies.

国民革命军中训练最精良的部队之一——第88师，不仅由德国人训练，还按照德军的模式进行编制。
事实上，甚至有中国合作者在德国本土为德国作战。

二战期间，日本与德国的关系更为密切，两国领导人进行过多次会谈，意识形态也较为相似。





The Führer himself was fascinated by East Asian cultures, and even dressed up in Japanese clothes. How weird is that!
Many groups in Japan, such as the imperial youth, endorsed the Nazi flag, gesture, and ideology.
The Japanese in WWII were also fierce supporters of the Germans.
In fact, some of the imperial subjects of Japan even served Nazi Germany.

元首本人对东亚文化十分着迷，他甚至会穿着日式服装，这多不可思议啊！

日本的许多团体，比如帝国青年，都支持纳粹的旗帜、手势和意识形态

二战中的日本人也是德国的狂热支持者。

事实上，一些日本帝国臣民甚至为纳粹德国效力。




I’m glad Nazi Germany was defeated in WWII, because not just East Asia but the entire sphere of Asia was on a certain path to Nazism. As a matter of fact, you could say support for Nazi Germany was, at one point, the political correct ideology in Asia, because their interests aligned in toppling the Allies and returning the favours of their humiliation. A striking number of Asian countries prior to the aftermath of WWII disliked the Allies due to Western imperialism in the region, such as: the British in India, French in IndoChina, and the Spanish in the Philippines. These European countries created far too many bitter enemies willing to fight the Allies to their death, leading to a rapid rise of nationalism in Asia. If the Europeans did not gradually give up their colonies after WWII, things would’ve turned disastrous for the West. Luckily, the Allies won the war and changed for the best, and the world after the great war has become slightly better. Nazism is no longer relevant in Asia. However, even today, the Nazi imagery is very much alive in Thailand, and neo-nazism is well hidden under the agenda of the far-right political activities in Asia. Let’s hope for the best that the world is at peace and no longer are there imperialism, because Nazism will inevitably rise again in Asia if these nations are suppressed with humiliation.

我很庆幸纳粹德国在二战中战败了，因为不止东亚，整个亚洲当时都在某种程度上走上了纳粹化的道路。实际上，可以说在某个时期，支持纳粹德国是亚洲的“政治正确”意识形态，因为他们的利益是一致的——推翻同盟国，洗刷自己所受的耻辱。二战结束前，有相当多的亚洲国家因为西方在该地区的帝国主义行径而厌恶同盟国，比如在印度的英国人、在印度支那的法国人以及在菲律宾的西班牙人。这些欧洲国家树敌无数，这些敌人愿意拼死对抗同盟国，这也导致亚洲的民族主义迅速崛起。如果欧洲人在二战后没有逐渐放弃他们的殖民地，西方的局势将会变得非常糟糕。幸运的是，同盟国赢得了战争，并且做出了最好的改变，战后的世界变得稍好了一些。纳粹主义在亚洲已经不再有影响力，但即便在今天，泰国仍有大量纳粹相关的符号存在，新纳粹主义也在亚洲的极右翼政治活动的议程之下隐藏得很深。希望世界和平，不再有帝国主义，因为如果这些国家再次遭受屈辱的压迫，纳粹主义势必会在亚洲死灰复燃。

Christian Desaix
克里斯蒂安·德塞

By and large with indifference.
Nazi racial ideology was focused on the Jews, and secondarily on Slavic peoples. Asians weren’t an issue. Don’t make the mistake of seeing Hitler and his supporters as simply “white supremacists”. Yes, they very obviously assumed that, say, black Africans were inferior, but that was never their real concern, and not something the Nazis wasted time on. And Hitler was perfectly willing to accept the Japanese as allies and to recruit Indian POWs into pro-Nazi units. Nazi ideology was firm on only one thing: hatred of Jews. Everything else was subject to political usefulness. Never, never expect consistency from Nazi ideology.

纳粹的种族意识形态核心是针对犹太人，其次是斯拉夫人，亚洲人并不是他们关注的问题。别误以为希特勒和他的支持者只是“白人至上主义者”。没错，他们显然认为比如非洲黑人是劣等的，但这从来都不是他们真正关心的事，也不是纳粹会花费时间处理的事。而且希特勒完全愿意接纳日本人作为盟友，还招募印度战俘加入亲纳粹的部队。纳粹的意识形态只有一点是确定的：对犹太人的仇恨。其他所有的一切都要服务于政治利益。永远不要指望纳粹的意识形态会前后一致。
总体来说是漠不关心的。

Max O’Flaherty

马克斯·奥弗莱厄蒂

Surprisingly, In Germany the Reception of Asians was actually quite positive (Dependent on what term you define ‘Asian’, Many people say Indians are Asian as-well which is true but he disliked them, But Hitler actually Quite liked Asians, Especially Japanese, And before the Sino-Japanese conflict he didn’t dislike China either, in fact they were called ‘Honorary Aryans’ and would be saved racial persecution, Though Ethnic Chinese people were inevitably resettled as he believed they had betrayed him.

令人惊讶的是，在德国，亚洲人的待遇实际上相当不错（这取决于你如何定义“亚洲人”，很多人认为印度人也是亚洲人，这没错，但希特勒不喜欢印度人。不过希特勒其实很喜欢亚洲人，尤其是日本人，而且在中日冲突爆发之前，他也不反感中国人，事实上中国人被称为“荣誉雅利安人”，不会受到种族迫害，不过后来他认为中国人背叛了他，华裔不可避免地被重新安置。


He often said that Asian’s had a Superior history to Germany and he respected their Culture a lot, Thats why he was quite Amicable with the Japanese, He sometimes even met with Japanese Generals and had dinner with them, And even met with the Japanese Emperor. He in fact hated the American’s more than he ever held any resentment towards the Asian people, The only redeeming factor he found in America was their Westerns otherwise he called them a ‘Infectious Mismatch of Colours and Culture.’
If Germany had won WW2, Its safe to say that the Japanese would of been saved most of the GENOCIDE.

他常说亚洲的历史比德国更优越，而且他非常尊重亚洲文化，这也是他对日本人十分友善的原因，他有时甚至会与日本将军会面、共进晚餐，还见过日本天皇。实际上，他对美国人的憎恨远超过对亚洲人的任何不满，他认为美国唯一可取的地方是西部片，除此之外，他称美国是“由各色人种和文化拼凑出的、具有传染性的怪物”。
可以肯定地说，如果德国赢得了二战，日本人基本上可以免遭种族灭绝。

Liam Crowleigh
利亚姆·克劳利

My father flew Lancasters 35 Sqdn Pathfinders
I don’t have an answer for that but I can give you the reverse situation which might be similar.

我的父亲曾驾驶兰开斯特轰炸机，服役于第35中队探路者部队
我无法回答这个问题，但我可以说一个相反的情况，可能和这个问题有相似之处。

I used to have a friend who told me that her father was born in Germany and in his late teens he and his brother decided to travel around the world working at odd jobs.
In 1937, they happened to be in Shanghai when the Japanese invaded and put all westerners into concentration camps. Being German however did give them some relief as German prisoners were kept in a different camp than all the other westerners and treated better.

我曾经有个朋友，她告诉我她的父亲出生在德国，在他快二十岁的时候，他和哥哥决定环游世界，打零工谋生。
1937年，他们碰巧在上海，当时日军入侵，将所有西方人都关进了集中营。不过因为是德国人，他们得到了一些优待：德国囚犯被关在和其他西方人不同的集中营里，待遇也更好。

They stay in the camp and weren’t released until Germany declared war on the US after Pearl Harbor, at which point all the Germans were rounded up and put on freighters bound for occupied France. Not all the ships made it through but the one with my friend’s family did get to Brest. On landing, both were met by agents, declared fit and immediately drafted into the Wehrmacht (German regular army).
Western prisoners from other countries were kept incarcerated for the whole war and treated very badly. Not all of them survived.
I would think that the Nazis probably had a similar treatment of their potential ‘allies’ that they didn’t necessarily like them but were smart enough not to treat them like they did others.

他们一直待在集中营里，直到珍珠港事件后德国对美国宣战才被释放，当时所有德国人都被集中起来，送上了开往被占领的法国的货轮。并不是所有的船都成功抵达了，但载着我朋友家人的那艘船到了布雷斯特。一上岸，兄弟二人就见到了特工，在被确认身体合格后，他们立刻被征召进入国防军（德国正规军）。
来自其他国家的西方战俘在整个战争期间都被监禁，待遇非常恶劣，并非所有人都活了下来。
我认为纳粹对待他们潜在的“盟友”可能也是类似的方式：他们不一定喜欢这些人，但他们足够精明，不会像对待其他人那样对待他们。

Anonymous
匿名

Well, despite being classified as ‘inferior’ They weren’t really treated that bad ; At least compared to the slavs and jewish people. As for Chinese and basically all of the east asians , Hitler considered them ‘Honorable Aryans’ However, I have read somewhere how Hitler believed one day the ‘yellow race’ are going to fight back against the white race. As for south asians, Nazi officials such as Heinrich Himmler admired ancient India history. And they also had a similar concept like they did for east asians, They believed the original Indians were actually aryans but they eventually integrated with ‘non-Aryans which then caused their entire race to be inferior. Due to the fact that the nazi’s believed Indians were somewhat aryan, Many Indians were treated with respect. During the 1936 olympics Hitler was so impressed by one of the hockey players, He offered them free german citizenship and a role in the german army, Hitler has also met with many Indians, As well as the Nazi-Party as a whole have met many indians.

虽然他们被归为“劣等种族”，但实际上并没有受到那么差的对待，至少和斯拉夫人与犹太人相比是这样。至于中国人以及几乎所有的东亚人，希特勒将他们视为“荣誉雅利安人”，不过我曾在某处看到，希特勒认为总有一天“黄种人”会起来反抗白种人。
至于南亚人，海因里希·希姆莱等纳粹官员欣赏古印度的历史，他们对南亚人也有类似东亚人的看法：认为最初的印度人其实是雅利安人，但后来与“非雅利安人”融合，导致整个种族沦为劣等。由于纳粹认为印度人在某种程度上属于雅利安人，许多印度人都受到了尊重。1936年奥运会期间，希特勒对一名曲棍球运动员印象深刻，他主动提出为对方提供德国公民身份，还邀请对方加入德军。希特勒还会见过许多印度人，纳粹党整体也与不少印度人有过会面。

As for the southeast Asians, They too were treated with respect, The Japanese were also allies with Germany therefore Hitler also met with a lot of East-Asian people.
至于东南亚人，他们也受到了尊重。日本是德国的盟友，因此希特勒也会见过很多东亚人。

Michael E Wilber
迈克尔·E·威尔伯

I call upon the Defendant Joachim von Ribbentrop.
JOACHIM VON RIBBENTROP (Defendant): This Trial was to be conducted for the purpose of discovering the historical truth. From the point of view of German foreign policy I can only say:
This Trial will go down in history as a model example of how, while appealing to hitherto unknown legal formulas and the spirit of fairness, one can evade the cardinal problems of 25 years of the gravest human history.

我提请传讯被告约阿希姆·冯·里宾特洛甫。
约阿希姆·冯·里宾特洛甫（被告）：这场审判的目的本应是发掘历史真相。从德国外交政策的角度，我只能说：
这场审判将作为一个典型案例载入史册，它向世人展示了如何在诉诸未知的法律准则与公平精神的同时，回避过去25年人类最沉重历史中的核心问题。

If the roots of our trouble lie in the Treaty of Versailles--and they do lie there--was it really to the purpose to prevent a discussion about a treaty which the intelligent men even among its authors had characterized as the source of future trouble, while the wisest were already predicting from which of the faults of Versailles a new world war would arise?

如果我们的困境根源在于《凡尔赛条约》——事实也的确如此——那么阻止人们讨论这份条约，真的有意义吗？就连参与起草这份条约的有识之士，都认为它是未来祸乱的根源，最具远见的人甚至早已预言，《凡尔赛条约》中的哪些缺陷会引发新的世界大战。

I have devoted more than twenty years of my life to the elimination of this evil, with the result that foreign statesmen who know about this today write in their affidavits that they did not believe me. They ought to have written that in the interests of their own country they were not prepared to believe me. I am held responsible for the conduct of a foreign policy which was determined by another. I knew only this much of it, that it never concerned itself with plans of a world domination, but rather, for example, with the elimination of the consequences of Versailles and with the food problems of the German people.
If I deny that this German foreign policy planned and prepared for a war of aggression, that is not an excuse on my part. The truth of this is proved by the strength that we developed in the course of the second World War and the fact how weak we were at the beginning of this war.

我花了二十多年的时间来消除这个祸患，可结果却是，了解此事的外国政治家在证词中写道，他们当时不相信我。他们其实应该写下，是为了本国的利益，他们不愿意相信我。我被要求为他人制定的外交政策的执行情况负责，我只知道一点：这份外交政策从来与称霸世界的计划无关，而是关乎消除《凡尔赛条约》的影响，以及解决德国人民的温饱问题。
如果我否认德国的这项外交政策是在策划和准备侵略战争，这并不是我的托词。我们在二战过程中发展出的实力，以及战争初期我们的弱小，都能证明这一点。