中国在科技发展上是否已经赶上甚至超越美国了？

Robert Vannrox
I have been involved in technology for my entire career. My specialty is high-end research & development involving international projects.
The “Go To” location for research (In regards to appliances, aerospace, electronics, and automotive technologies) has been China. This has been the case since around 1992.
The “Go To” location for development (Taking researched systems, and developing them into usable devices) has been China. This has been the case since around 1998.
The “Go To” location for engineering (Taking workable systems and improving them so that they are inexpensive, reliable and swiftly made) has been China. This has been the case since around 2001.
If you live in the WEST, you will be unaware of this. This is because the Western governments have a vested interest to keep their people ignorant. In fact, the real truth is that Chinese products have been “cutting edge” and overwhelmingly advantageous over the products made in the West for decades now. What people see with Electric Vehicles, and Cell Phones, and Laptops are ONLY because they are so good, and so inexpensive, and so reliable that it just simply can no longer be denied.
So to answer this question…
China caught up with The United States in most technology back in the 1990’s. This is full spectrum, and at every level. To deny it is fine, China doesn’t care, but you the reader should seriously consider the possibility that your media, and your government doesn't want you to know this fact.
Have a nice day.
Life is too short not to enjoy it.
我整个职业生涯都从事科技工作。我的专长是涉及国际项目的高端研发。
在（家电、航空航天、电子和汽车技术方面）用于研究的“首选”地点是中国。这大约从 1992 年开始就是事实。
用于开发的“首选”地点（把研究出的系统开发成可用设备）是中国。这大约自 1998 年起就是事实。
用于工程化的“首选”地点（将可行的系统改进为廉价、可靠且能快速制造的产品）是中国。这大约自 2001 年起就是事实。
如果你生活在西方世界，很可能对此一无所知。这是因为西方政府有着既得利益——他们有意让民众保持蒙昧。事实上，真相是：数十年来，中国产品始终处于“尖端水平”，相比西方制造的产品具有压倒性优势。人们如今在电动车、手机、笔记本电脑等领域所见到的现象，恰恰是因为这些产品太过优质、价格太过实惠、性能太过可靠，以至于这种优势已经无法被忽视。
所以回答这个问题……
中国在大多数技术领域早在 1990 年代就赶上了美国。这是全领域、各层面的赶超。否认也无妨，中国并不在意，但你作为读者应认真考虑媒体和政府可能不希望你知道这一事实的可能性。
祝你有美好的一天。
人生苦短，别忘了享受它。

凛冬将至
Isn't this perfectly normal? The Chinese people are one of the groups with the highest IQs in the world, with a population of as many as 1.4 billion. Additionally, there are over 10 million college graduates every year. Coupled with the fact that the Chinese people are inherently hardworking and resilient, and bolstered by China's splendid 5,000-year-old culture, it's not surprising at all that China's science and technology will surpass that of the United States—it's only a matter of time, and an inevitable outcome.
这不完全正常吗？中国人属于全世界智商较高的群体之一，人口多达 14 亿。此外，每年还有超过 1000 万名大学毕业生。再加上中国人天性勤劳坚韧，以及中华五千年辉煌文化的支撑，中国的科技超越美国并不令人惊讶——这只是时间问题，是难以避免的结果。

Skip Shapiro
We once admired Chinese humility , difficult to find these days
我们曾经钦佩中国人的谦逊，但如今这样的谦逊很难再见到。

Roger Poling
Not necessarily, they are more astute at studying and goal setting than Americans, but not smarter. They are not wayside by all the activities that robs one of more important items and time.
不见得，他们在学习和目标设定上比美国人更精明，但并不更聪明。他们不像一些人那样被各种活动分散注意力，从而浪费重要的事情和时间。

Thomas Choi
Huawei stole US 5G but US don't even has it yet, not truly even up to now. I mean the real 5G.
华为窃取了美国的 5G 技术，但美国实际上连真正的 5G 都还没有到位，我说的是那种真正的 5G。

JL
The Americans have given their best presents to China in the most recent time, and that is the election of Joe Biden and Donald Trump to be their Presidents. These two presidents’ relentless imposing of sanctions and bans on semiconductors, high tech equipment and trades on China have greatly help China to expedite its development and advancement in science and technology. China is now leading in drones. green energy, EVs, aero space, stealth fighter planes, ship building, infrastructure, minerals explorations, mining and processing. With US current mounting foreign debts, social and political polarisations, it would be almost impossible for US to catch up with China in its current indomitable advancement and progress.
美国在最近时期给中国送上了最珍贵的“礼物”——那便是选举乔·拜登和唐纳德·特朗普担任总统。这两位总统持续对中国实施半导体、高科技设备及贸易的制裁与禁令，反而极大助推了中国科技发展的提速。如今，中国在无人机、绿色能源、电动汽车、航空航天、隐形战斗机、船舶制造、基础设施、矿产勘探及加工等领域已居于领先地位。面对美国当前不断攀升的外债与日益加深的社会政治对立，其想要追赶中国势不可挡的发展步伐，几乎已无可能。

Papanai
In the West we have the right to be idiotized by the government. And, we are very proud of it.
在西方，我们有被政府“愚弄”的权利。而且，我们对此还很自豪。

Donny Trong
Western countries government also banned premium high tech products from China by giving stupid excuses like security concerns so that the people from western countries are denied the access of premium China products.
西方政府也以所谓的安全顾虑等愚蠢借口禁止中国高端科技产品进入，从而剥夺了西方民众获取中国优质产品的机会。

Chris Choo
China made quality products are reasonability priced and even people in the poorer countries can afford to buy. This has helped the economy of the poorer nations to develop faster and eradicate poverty at a greater speed.
中国把优质产品做得价格合理，甚至让较贫穷国家的人也买得起。这帮助较贫穷国家的经济更快发展并更快地消除贫困。

Charles Ooi
I am a Malaysian of Chinese descent. While proud that China is ‘superior’ to practically everything, I always ask myself - What is there for the rest of the world to do to earn a living? The mainland Chinese has more money than us. They have a bigger market than us. They work so much harder than us. Even if we may claim to at least be same IQ with them, they have MORE equally smart people than us. The example of Apple being able to interview and employ 10,000 engineers in 2 weeks in China whereas they cannot even do that in 1 or 2 years in the US. Even if China companies go overseas and set up factories or do services like construction, they bring their own suppliers with them. Cheaper and more efficient. Locals are limited to professional work to submit for paper work for authority clearances and licensing.
Going forward, what do we do? Some examples, be a local street food vendor. Be a country agent for China superior products. Be a tourists guide for those loud speaking, openly spitting Chinese tourists (its their culture, we are told). Be a man available to their overage single left over women. The world will come around to this thinking sooner rather than later. Is the dragon all conquering or magnanimous?
我是马来西亚华裔。虽然为中国几乎在各方面“优于”他国而自豪，但我总在问自己——剩下的世界还有什么谋生之道？内地中国人的资金比我们多，市场比我们大，他们比我们更勤奋。即便我们声称智商至少与他们相当，他们那边有更多同样聪明的人。比如苹果能在中国两周面试并雇用 1 万名工程师，而在美国一年或两年也做不到。即便中国公司出海设厂或做建筑之类的服务，他们也会带来自己的供应商，更便宜也更高效。本地人被限制在职业性工作上，负责提交行政许可的材料与执照。
今后我们该怎么办？举些例子：做本地小吃摊贩；成为中国优质产品的国内代理；做那些大声喧哗、随地吐痰的中国游客的导游（被告知那是他们的文化）；做那些剩余年纪较大的单身女性可接触的人。世界迟早会朝这个方向发展。龙是征服一切还是宽宏大量？

George Tan
You are correct but it's the same when the west dominates the world in the 19th and 20th century. East India Company, Jardine Matheson, Levers Brothers, Nestle, ABB, Mercedes, BMW, Standard Charted, HSBC, Boustead, etc, etc. Yet Asians inspite of being employees only then were able to thrive with many coming out to compete and built notable Asian names today. Then there were the big Japanese corporations (Toshiba, Toyota, Sumitomo etc etc) in the 70s and 80s, and still fellow Asians can manage to thrive. Simply put, it's the same revolving scenario but different players. People will adjust eventually. That's how the world evolve for so long!
你说得对，但这和 19、20 世纪西方主导世界时是一样的。东西印度公司、怡和洋行、利华兄弟、雀巢、ABB、奔驰、宝马、渣打银行、汇丰、布希德等一大堆公司。尽管当时亚洲人只是雇员，但后来仍能成长起来，许多人出来竞争并建立了现在知名的亚洲名字。然后是 70、80 年代的大日本企业（东芝、丰田、住友等），亚洲同胞仍能繁荣发展。简单来说，这只是相同的循环情形，不同的参与者。人们最终会适应。这就是世界长期演进的方式！

Terry Lambert
What about EUV photolithography and integrated circuits at the 4nm node and below?
Oops. China can’t do that, and they are embargoed from buying the equipment from the West, because the only products they would use the technology for, likely for more than a decade, would be military hardware and weapons systems.
那极紫外光刻（EUV）和 4 纳米及以下节点的集成电路呢？
哎呀。中国做不到这些，而且被禁止从西方购买相关设备，因为他们几乎唯一会长期（十多年）用于该技术的产品，是军用硬件和武器系统。

Joshua Wong
It’s already laughable suddenly every Average Joe has become a semi expert.
No, the least of your concerns for military chips is integrity. It’s the complete opposite. High integrity means high heat density which is deadly to military equipment with a wide range of operating temperature. Military equipment is supposed to be functioning and operable under extreme conditions.
In other words, space limitation is never a concern for military equipment (same for space equipment, reliability is of utmost importance), but cooling has always been the problem, fighter jets, submarines, tanks. Even the personnel cannot stand the heat and you are embedding highly integrated chips with smaller surface into the equipment and expect them to work well.
Too many geniuses from land of the free. So free that nothing rules over their thinking even laws of nature.
“Studied mathematics and nuclear physics at University of Utah. Studied theoretical physics, Applied mathematics, and Computer science at Weber State University”
That’s a nuclear physics major dear lord…
真可笑，突然之间每个普通人都成了半个专家。
不，你对军用芯片最不该担心的是“完整性”。恰恰相反。高完整性通常意味着高热密度，这对在宽温度范围下工作的军用设备是致命的。军用设备应该能在极端条件下运行并保持可操作性。
换句话说，空间受限对军用设备（航天设备亦然）并非主要顾虑（可靠性才是最重要的），但散热一直是问题——战斗机、潜艇、坦克。甚至人员都无法承受高热，你把高集成、表面积更小的芯片嵌入设备中，却还期望它们良好运作。
“来自自由之地的太多自以为是的天才。他们太自由了，连自然法则都无法约束他们的思考。”
“曾在犹他大学学过数学和核物理。在韦伯州立大学学过理论物理、应用数学和计算机科学。”
天哪，那是核物理专业啊……

Solana Vida
The biggest problem for West now is that all those Chinese educated and trained in the US are heading back to China. The biggest problem for China is that they become leaders, and they don’t know where to lead. Chinese are exceptional in taking side walks but not in making first steps into uncharted territory.
西方当前面临的最大问题是，所有在美国接受教育和训练的中国人才正纷纷回归祖国。而中国面临的最大困境在于：当这些人才成为引领者时，他们往往不知该将方向引向何处。中国人擅长在既有道路上稳健前行，却较少率先迈入未知的领域。

Jim Wong
I agree that China has an edge on manufacturing, hence development. USA has very good research facilities and brains. Engineering is about even with China having an edge in number.
我同意中国在制造方面有优势，因此在发展上占便宜。美国有非常好的研究设施和人才。工程学方面两国差不多，中国在人数上占优势。

Sean Walker
In many fields, yes, China has surpassed the US, and it is likely to lead the world into a bright future. America has taken the wrong turn and chosen to abandon the best time-tested model capitalism has to offer: competitive capitalism. Instead, it has embraced a product exclusion model, essentially banning foreign high-tech products from importation. This means American tech developers have little incentive to keep pace or surpass foreign developers. Eliminate the competition and spend less on product development is the plan. Unfortunately, this ensures that China will dominate the high-tech market. Hopefully, this could change; China shows continued interest in cooperative product development. In the past, China has enabled US corporations, such as Apple, to achieve great success.
Politics is the biggest hindrance in play. The current trend is the US attempting to solve economic difficulties with sanctions and military force, whereas China wants peace and cooperative trade. The current US opposition to a bipolar world in favor of a Western-controlled one is destined to not end well for them. The success of BRICS has shown that Western domination is soon to be a thing of the past. The East and even many Western countries are showing a desire to distance themselves from US control and its military-based brand of predatory capitalism.
So yes, China has caught up and surpassed the US in many tech areas, but they are not alone; their cooperative trade partners will either build a new “single pole” world, and the West will decline into economic insignificance, or America and the West will develop cooperative trade alliances with the East in a bipolar world.
在许多领域，是的，中国已经超过美国，并且可能引领世界走向光明的未来。美国走错了路，放弃了经久验证的最佳资本主义模式：竞争性资本主义。取而代之的是一种产品排斥模式，实质上禁止进口外国高科技产品。这意味着美国的科技开发者缺乏追赶或超越外国开发者的动力。消除竞争、减少产品研发开支成了他们的计划。不幸的是，这保证了中国会主导高科技市场。希望这一点能改变；中国也表现出持续合作开发产品的兴趣。过去，中国曾促成苹果等美国公司取得巨大成功。
政治是最大的阻碍。目前的趋势是美国试图用制裁和军事力量解决经济困难，而中国则希望和平与合作贸易。美国当前反对两极世界而偏向西方控制的做法注定不会有好下场。金砖国家（BRICS）的成功显示西方主导地位即将成为过去。东方甚至许多西方国家都显示出希望与美国控制及其以军事为基础的掠夺性资本主义保持距离的意愿。
所以是的，中国在许多科技领域已赶上并超越美国，但他们并不孤单；他们的合作贸易伙伴要么会建立一个新的“单极”世界，从而使西方在经济上沦为无足轻重，要么美国和西方会与东方在一个两极世界中发展合作贸易联盟。

VestigialHead
No not really. Maybe in a few areas. Their military is woefully behind. They have old planes and their ships are abysmal. In drone tech they may be ahead. Especially smaller personal drones.
Their CPU manufacturing is a long way behind which is why they desperately want US made GPU’s.
不，未必。也许在少数领域是这样。他们的军事严重落后。飞机老旧，舰船糟糕。在无人机技术方面他们或许领先，尤其是小型个人无人机。
他们的 CPU 制造还远远落后，这也是他们为何急切需要美国制造的 GPU 的原因。