国外热议：中国歼-36第六代战斗机预计将具备哪些能力？

Serge Mavrodeo

J-36 is not 6th gen fighters. It can be considered early technology demonstrator. It will take at least 20 years to get production ready 6th gen fighter that satisfy at least few of the requirements I mentioned below. A 6th generation fighter would require:
J-36不是第六代战斗机。它可以被视为早期的技术验证机。要得到满足至少我下面提到的少数几项要求、可用于量产的第六代战斗机，至少还需要20年。一架第六代战斗机需要具备：

Unmanned capability. The system should operate as an unmanned aircraft which uses advanced artificial intelligence to fly autonomously while maintaining the ability to have a human pilot on board for specific mission requirements. The future belongs to drones because they will replace all manned aircraft. Drones will replace all manned aircraft in the future.
无人驾驶能力。该系统应能作为无人飞行器运行，利用先进人工智能自主飞行，同时保留搭载人类飞行员以满足特定任务需求的能力。未来属于无人机，因为它们将取代所有有人驾驶飞机。无人机未来将取代所有有人驾驶飞机。

AI command center function. The system functions as a flying AI command center which controls multiple drones and aircraft through its advanced connectivity features.
AI指挥中心功能。该系统作为一个飞行的AI指挥中心，通过其先进的连接特性控制多架无人机和飞机。

Superscruise speeds at M3+. The aircraft should achieve superscruise speeds at M3+ or combustion engine hypersonic velocities with variable cycle engine. The aircraft might incorporate warp drive technology as part of its design. The Chinese prototype uses three engines while other aircraft manufacturers have abandoned development of three and four engine fighter and commercial aircraft because these configurations lead to weight issues and reduce thrust vectoring effectiveness.
3马赫以上的超音速巡航。该飞机应能达到3马赫以上的超音速巡航速度，或采用变循环发动机实现燃烧发动机式的超高音速。该飞机设计中可能融入曲速驱动技术。中国的原型机使用了三台发动机，而其他飞机制造商已经放弃了三发和四发战斗机及商用飞机的开发，因为这些配置会导致重量问题并降低推力矢量效能。

3D vectoring thrust. The aircraft system includes 3D vectoring thrust technology which enables vertical takeoff and missile evasion and suborbital flight capabilities.
3D矢量推力。该飞机系统包含3D矢量推力技术，可实现垂直起飞、导弹规避和亚轨道飞行能力。


Super-Multirole capable. The system includes multiple operational capabilities which enable it to perform as an interceptor and bomber and reconnaissance aircraft and air superiority fighter and space plane
超级多用途能力。该系统包含多种作战能力，使其能作为截击机、轰炸机、侦察机、空优战斗机和太空飞机使用。

Super Stealth The system would feature a Super Stealth technology which combines invisibility cloaks, advanced radar-absorbent and light-bending materials, active camouflage systems using AI to blend obxts into their surroundings, noise reduction, thermal suppression and unmanned functionality.
超级隐身，该系统将采用超级隐身技术，结合了隐形斗篷、先进的雷达吸波和光线弯曲材料、利用AI将物体融入周围环境的主动伪装系统、降噪、热抑制和无人驾驶功能。

Directed Energy Weapons The system includes Directed Energy Weapons (laser) which operate as sky-based missile destruction systems
定向能武器，该系统包含定向能武器（激光），可作为天基导弹摧毁系统运作。

Spaceplane. The aircraft system enables suborbital flight operations which provide fast worldwide access and enable defense system evasion and precise attacks and satellite control functions.
空天飞机。该飞机系统能实现亚轨道飞行作战，提供快速的全球到达能力，并能实现防御系统规避、精确打击和卫星控制功能。


I don’t expect, China can deliver any of these 6G requirements soon.
我并不指望中国能很快交付满足任何这些六代机要求的飞机。

If a country can’t produce a meaningful technological leap, it’s not a new generation — just some upgrade. Calling it a “6th generation fighter” without revolutionary capability is marketing, not engineering. Otherwise it’s just a late 5th-generation refresh with a pretentious shape.
如果一个国家不能产生有意义的技术飞跃，那就不是新一代——只是一些升级。将没有革命性能力的东西称为“第六代战斗机”是营销，而不是工程。否则，它只是一个有着故作姿态外形的晚期五代机改进型。

Eric Ding
I believe there is currently no 6th fighter jet in the whole world. So where does these definition come from? Is it an reliable industry consensus?
Also there is no data about J-36 or F-47. So there is no way to take them as reference, let alone to judge whether they meet the standards.
我相信目前全世界还没有第六代战斗机。那么这些定义从何而来？这是可靠的行业共识吗？
此外，关于J-36或F-47并没有数据。所以无法以它们为参考，更不用说判断它们是否符合标准了。

Serge Mavrodeo
That’s not how it works. First you create the definition and that your build the fight according to that definition. Not the other way around.
J-36 and F-47 are not 6th gen fighters. They can be considered early technology demonstrators. It will take at least 20 years to get production ready 6th gen fighter that satisfy at least few of the definitions I mentioned.
事情不是这样的。首先你创建定义，然后你根据那个定义去制造战斗机。而不是反过来。
J-36和F-47不是第六代战斗机。它们可被视为早期的技术验证机。要得到满足至少我提到的少数几项定义、可用于量产的第六代战斗机，至少还需要20年。

Steve Richardson
I want to know who EXACTLY said"it needs lasers or it's not 6th gen
我想知道到底是谁说“它需要激光，否则就不是第六代”。

Serge Mavrodeo
There are multiple military journals and publications that define 6th gen requirements. Wikipedia has a decent summary of these sources. See it says “laser” there:
有多家军事期刊和出版物定义了第六代战机的需求。维基百科对这些来源有不错的总结。看，它写着“激光”呢：


Steve Richardson
dude. Im not even going to argue. You literally used MOTHER FKING WIKIPEDIA as your “source” if you look in ten minutes it could say the other gen definition involves a built in PIZZA OVEN if someone feels like changing it. At the end of the day. If you dont HAVE a 6th gen you dont get to GATEKEEP what ot even is. Period. Point blank. No amount of pretty schematics and cartoons ideas are gonna change that
老兄。我都不打算争了。你居然用他妈该死的维基百科当你的“来源”，如果十分钟后有人想改，它可能说其他代的定义还包括内置披萨烤箱呢。说到底。如果你没有第六代战机，你就没资格去“守门”定义它到底是什么。句号。直说了吧。多少漂亮的示意图和卡通想法都改变不了这一点。

Sushrut K
Until now 6th gen fighter meant Variable cycle engine, no vertical fins, and some AI in the cockpit. My question is how can you compensate for the lack of vertical fins with software?
直到现在，第六代战斗机意味着变循环发动机、无垂直尾翼，以及座舱内的一些AI。我的问题是你如何用软件来弥补没有垂直尾翼？

Serge Mavrodeo
Removed vertical fins is not the requirement. How do you imagine removed fin will help to defeat the enemy? It’s a mechanical way to improve stealth a little, but there are much more futuristic and high tech ways to improve stealth such as: invisibility cloaks, advanced radar-absorbent and light-bending materials, active camouflage systems using AI to blend obxts into their surroundings, noise reduction, thermal suppression, and creating unmanned vehicles.
Variable cycle engine is just for fuel economy. 3-engine configuration does not help the economy.
取消垂直尾翼不是（第六代的）要求。你以为去掉尾翼就能帮助击败敌人吗？这是一种略微改善隐身的机械方式，但有更多未来主义和高科技的方法来改善隐身，例如：隐形斗篷、先进的雷达吸波和光线弯曲材料、利用AI将物体融入周围环境的主动伪装系统、降噪、热抑制，以及制造无人载具。
变循环发动机只是为了燃油经济性。三发配置对经济性并无帮助。

Steve Richardson
Ok. So its generally known america decides WHAT constitutes a 5th gen, 6th gen, etc. Fighter. If we dont HAVE ONE how can we be the arbiter of what it IS?
好吧。那么普遍认知是美国决定什么构成第五代、第六代等战斗机。如果我们自己还没有（第六代战机），我们怎么能成为判断它是什么的仲裁者？

Steve Richardson
Ok. FIRST OFF. Its called context clues bro. America. And REQURIREMENTS vs what its actually going to DO is completely different. Hypothetical bs doesnt count. Only REAL READY TO PRODUCE AIRCRAFT MATTER. anyone can CLAIM anything and MOST can manage a dedemonstration. If its not on an assembly line it DOESNT MATTER. Its vaporwar. On both sides. Smoke and mirrors. We can barely make laser weapons work properly ON SHIPS. But sure dog. “Flying laser foghters!”
好吧。首先。这叫作语境线索，兄弟。美国。并且，“需求”和它实际要“做”什么是完全不同的。假设的废话不算数。只有真正准备好投产的飞机才算数。任何人都可以“声称”任何东西，而且大多数都能搞个演示。如果它没上生产线，那就无关紧要。这是“雾件战争”。双方都是。烟雾和镜子。我们连让激光武器在舰船上正常工作都勉强。但是当然啦，狗子。“会飞的激光战斗机！”

Steve Richardson
Also. KEYWORD. Potential. POTENTIAL. Boil it. Mash it. Stick it in the trash cause its a joke.
还有。关键词。潜力。潜力。煮了它。捣烂它。扔进垃圾桶，因为它就是个笑话。

Steve Richardson
And then. There's “ai” sure bro. The shit cant get a mcdonalds order right but give it 10 years and it'll be fighting skynet battles! Its laughable. Men arent leaving planes. Anytime soon. Certainly not in the 6th generation
然后。还有“AI”，当然了兄弟。这破玩意儿连麦当劳点单都搞不对，但给它10年，它就能打天网战争了！真可笑。人类不会离开飞机。短期内不会。肯定不是在第六代。

QW
The Chinese don't care what people call those aircraft; having solved the core engine technology, they focus more on innovation and iteration speed. One manager informally remarked that he hoped China could upgrade its jet aircraft with the speed of mobile phone iteration.
The future belongs to beyond-visual-range air combat. Radar and sensor performance, flight speed, network capabilities, low-observable performance, range, weapon range… will determine the outcome of air combat. Faced with highly maneuverable missiles, the tactical maneuverability of fighter jets is no longer important.
中国人不在乎人们怎么称呼那些飞机；在解决了核心发动机技术后，他们更关注创新和迭代速度。一位经理非正式地表示，他希望中国能以手机迭代的速度来升级其喷气式飞机。
未来属于超视距空战。雷达和传感器性能、飞行速度、网络能力、低可观测性性能、航程、武器射程……将决定空战的结果。面对高机动性导弹，战斗机的战术机动性已不再重要。

Michael Sauer
Those sound more like the goals of 7th gen. Sure some may find their way into 6th gen, like some 4th gen have some 5th gen systems, and like some advanced 5ths may have some 6th.
这些听起来更像是第七代的目标。当然，其中一些可能会出现在第六代上，就像一些第四代战机拥有部分第五代系统，以及一些先进的第五代战机可能拥有部分第六代技术一样。

Serge Mavrodeo
well, calling it a “6th generation fighter” without revolutionary capability is marketing, not engineering. Otherwise it’s just a late 5th-gen refresh with a pretentious shape.
Most of the features I mentioned have already been tested on experimental aircraft
嗯，将没有革命性能力的东西称为“第六代战斗机”是营销，而不是工程。否则，它只是一个有着故作姿态外形的晚期五代机改进型。
我提到的大多数特性已经在实验性飞机上测试过了。

Ben Chan
it would be easier for me as a Chinese to understand the usage of J36 and J50.... J36 is land-based fighter with super long flight and combat range ...super stealthy and BVR killing mode...Max 2mach+ speed and 20000M+ altitude ,,,can launch all kinds of long range missiles . use it to eliminate airborn and surface targets within about 3000km range . with maximum killing range it could reach Guam island... ..rumors about it even equipped with laser cannon and huge high-tech radar ,PL 15/PL 17 and hypersonic missiles
J36 is just like lone wolf, assassin.. to eliminate high-value targets
作为一个中国人，我更容易理解J36和J50的用途....J36是陆基战斗机，拥有超长的飞行和作战半径...超级隐身和超视距击杀模式...最大2马赫+速度和20000米+升限，，，能发射各种远程导弹。用于消除约3000公里范围内的空中和地面目标。最大杀伤范围可到达关岛...有传言称它甚至配备了激光炮和巨大的高科技雷达、PL-15/PL-17和高超音速导弹。
J36就像独狼、刺客..用来消除高价值目标。