人类历史上有哪些被赞为好人，实则邪恶的人？
Who is praised as a good person in human history, but was actually evil?
译文简介
海盗摩根船长固然是个残暴的恶人，可实际上他的所作所为远比这更恶劣。
他并非反叛者。当时的英国没有像样的海军，却需要人手来做些见不得人的勾当，比如牵制在新大陆的西班牙势力。于是英国雇佣海盗为其效力，让他们屠杀西班牙村庄里的所有人，烧杀抢掠无恶不作。海盗可以私吞掠夺所得，但必须先获得许可。没错，这些海盗洗劫城市和船只的权力，正是来自英国女王手下的一位总督。在路易十四统治下的法国人也是如此，路易十四本应被称为“海盗之王”，而非“太阳王”。西班牙确实也有一些海盗，但他们主要依靠海军，而这支海军的残暴程度丝毫不亚于海盗，甚至有过之而无不及。
正文翻译
Trausti Thor Johannsson History interested Upvoted by Stuart Stevenson, Masters Political Science Major & History, A School. (2013) Feb 27
特劳斯提·索尔·约翰松 历史爱好者 获斯图尔特·史蒂文森点赞，其拥有某学院政治学与历史学硕士学位（2013届）
The pirate Captain Morgan was of course a brutal evil man. But he was actually much worse.
海盗摩根船长固然是个残暴的恶人，可实际上他的所作所为远比这更恶劣。
Sir Henry Morgan. The name gives up a lot, doesn’t it. It says clearly he was a rebel, he was a pirate.
亨利·摩根爵士，这个名字透露了不少信息，不是吗？它清楚地表明了他既是反叛者，也是个海盗。
The story of Captain Morgan is well known, no need to go into how he managed to sack Panama city and many others.
摩根船长的故事广为人知，没必要细述他是如何洗劫巴拿马城以及其他众多城市的。
What most people don’t know. He wasn’t a rebel. England had no real navy to speak of and they needed people to do their dirty business like keeping the Spanish in the new world under check. So England hired pirates to do their biddings, murder everyone in a Spanish village, murder, rape and plunder. Keep your proceeds but make sure you always get a license first. Yes. Pirates got authority to sack cities and ships from a governor that worked under the Queen of England. So do French under the rule of Louis the 14 who should be known as a pirate king and not the sun king. The Spanish did have some pirates but mostly they had did have a Navy that was every bit as brutal as pirates, even more so.
但大多数人不知道的是，他并非反叛者。当时的英国没有像样的海军，却需要人手来做些见不得人的勾当，比如牵制在新大陆的西班牙势力。于是英国雇佣海盗为其效力，让他们屠杀西班牙村庄里的所有人，烧杀抢掠无恶不作。海盗可以私吞掠夺所得，但必须先获得许可。没错，这些海盗洗劫城市和船只的权力，正是来自英国女王手下的一位总督。在路易十四统治下的法国人也是如此，路易十四本应被称为“海盗之王”，而非“太阳王”。西班牙确实也有一些海盗，但他们主要依靠海军，而这支海军的残暴程度丝毫不亚于海盗，甚至有过之而无不及。
There is no need to go into techniques Morgan used to find treasure, he had methods to squeeze your skull so hard that your eyes would pop out, cut the skin from you while you are alive, bbq you on an open flame. That is just what we expect from pirates after all. I mean, what did you expect from a pirate? Well …. I don’t know if most people are aware that sir Henry Morgan, yes, he was a sir, you don’t get such a prestigious title for being a criminal. He was basically a navy officer of the English court, just not officially. He was a pirate captain for only a few years. He was actually a rom maker, sugar plantation owner and owned a lot of slaves. He was super rich, not just from pirating.
没必要细讲摩根为寻宝所用的手段，他会把人的头骨使劲挤压，直到眼球爆裂；会在人还活着的时候剥掉其皮肤；还会将人放在明火上炙烤。说到底，这些都是我们对海盗的固有印象。我是说，你还能指望海盗做出什么好事呢？不过……我不知道大多数人是否知道，亨利·摩根可是位爵士，要知道，一个罪犯可得不到如此显赫的头衔。他本质上就是英国宫廷的一名海军军官，只是并非正式任命而已。他担任海盗船长的时间只有短短几年，实际上他还是个罗姆人、甘蔗种植园主，并且拥有大量奴隶。他极为富有，而财富并非仅仅来自海盗活动。
He was a governor for the English court for much longer. Do you know what he did do a lot while he was the ruler?
他在英国宫廷担任总督的时间要长得多。你知道他在掌权期间经常做些什么吗？
He hanged and killed pirates. He would even invite pirates to his mansion and wine and dine them like there was no tomorrow, because there was no tomorrow for those sorry pirates.
他绞杀海盗，甚至会邀请海盗到自己的宅邸，设宴款待、把酒言欢，仿佛来日方长一般——可对于那些可怜的海盗来说，根本没有什么来日可言。
He became a very bad man. He murdered pirates. He tricked people who became pirates after hearings his tales of plundering, and hanged them. Stole their ships.
他成了一个彻头彻尾的坏人。他残杀海盗，欺骗那些听了他的掠夺故事后成为海盗的人，将他们绞死，还夺走他们的船只。
That is quite deceitful if you ask me. That is double crossing evil person.
在我看来，他极其狡诈，是个背信弃义的恶人。
Sangram Sagar Blogger, Content Writer Feb 21
桑格拉姆·萨加尔 博主、内容创作者
Pablo Picasso, he was a complete idiot, and his children were terrified of him.
巴勃罗·毕加索就是个十足的蠢货，他的孩子们都很怕他。
He once took a girl to a bookstore to buy a book about himself to seduce her because she didn't know who he was . As you can imagine, she was young.
有一次，因为一个女孩不认识他，他就带女孩去书店买了一本关于自己的书，想用这种方式引诱她。可想而知，那个女孩当时年纪还很小。
I learned about this in one of my art history classes . The professor asked if we could have lunch with any famous artists, who would it be? Many said Picasso and DaVinci (mostly DaVinci).
我是在一门艺术史课上了解到这件事的。当时教授问我们，如果能和任何一位著名艺术家共进午餐，会选择谁？很多人都说是毕加索和达·芬奇（大多数人选了达·芬奇）。
At the end, he stopped and talked about how they were really idiots , that they weren't recognized for their generosity or kindness. I mean, Picasso had (possibly multiple) untreated mental illnesses . Many artists in history and even today use art as an outlet for their inner expressions, so it's no wonder they were idiots or depressed or something.
最后，教授打断了大家，说起这些艺术家其实都是蠢货，他们从未因慷慨或善良而被人认可。我想说的是，毕加索可能患有（多种）未接受治疗的精神疾病。历史上乃至如今的许多艺术家，都会将艺术作为内心情绪的宣泄口，所以他们会显得古怪、抑郁之类的，也不足为奇。
He said Michaelangelo would be his choice. I found it interesting that he looked back at the artists' general behaviors and outlooks, rather than just the art and a few important things that happened in their lives.
教授说他会选择米开朗基罗。我觉得很有意思的是，教授关注的是艺术家们整体的言行举止和人生观，而不只是他们的艺术作品以及人生中发生的几件大事。
Oliver Cromwell herded everyone in the town into a church and burned it down. It was in Drogheda, Ireland 1649.
1649年，在爱尔兰的德罗赫达，奥利弗·克伦威尔把镇上所有的人都赶进一座教堂，然后放火烧了教堂。
Charles Dickens left his wife and 10 children for an 18-year-old mistress. When she spoke out about this decision, he publicly called her a fat idiot.
查尔斯·狄更斯为了一个18岁的情妇，抛弃了自己的妻子和10个孩子。当他的妻子公开反对这个决定时，他竟然当众称她为“肥胖的蠢货”。
It makes me feel less bad for him when Hans Christian Andersen would come visit him for a few nights and ended up staying at his house for months.
不过，当想到汉斯·克里斯蒂安·安徒生本来只打算去狄更斯家小住几晚，结果却在他家住了好几个月时，我对狄更斯的同情就少了很多。
This last one is a fictional character, to finish.
最后要提的这个人是个虚构角色。
Willy Wonka . He made delicious sweets that no one had ever eaten, and then made children taste them. And he enslaved the Oompa Loompas he found in an unexplored forest.
威利·旺卡，他制作出了人们前所未尝的美味糖果，然后让孩子们品尝。而且他还奴役了在一片未被探索的森林里发现的奥古伦普人。
Dylan Owens Lives in The United States of America Upvoted by Shabaz M. Sheikh, BA History & Economics, Kuvempu University, Shimoga (2022) and Riley James, M.B.A History, University of Massachusetts, Boston (2025) upxed 7y
迪伦·欧文斯 现居美国 获沙巴兹·M·谢赫（2022届，库文普大学希莫加校区历史与经济学学士）与莱利·詹姆斯（2025届，马萨诸塞大学波士顿分校历史MBA）
This guy was a serious asshole.
克里斯托弗·哥伦布就是个彻头彻尾的混蛋。
Christopher Columbus is known for discovering the New World, and starting a wave of colonization.
人们都知道克里斯托弗·哥伦布发现了新大陆，并掀起了殖民浪潮。
This is true. But he also did a lot more than that.
这确实是事实，但他所做的远不止这些。
Namely, killing and enslaving thousands of Indians.
确切地说，他还杀害并奴役了成千上万的印第安人。
When he arrived at Hispaniola for the first time, he immediately seized 6 natives to be used as servants. The Indians were very peaceful, and didn’t really know how to react to this. They just kind of let it go, and went along with whatever he did. Columbus gained power, and eventually became governor of the island.
当他第一次抵达伊斯帕尼奥拉岛时，就立刻抓走了6名当地人当仆人。印第安人性格十分平和，面对这种情况根本不知道该如何应对，只能听之任之，对他的所作所为一味顺从。后来哥伦布逐渐掌握了权力，最终成为了这座岛屿的总督。
When he became governor of the island, things got bad. Really bad.
在他担任该岛总督后，情况开始恶化，而且是急剧恶化。
Very quickly, he enacted policies of forced labor, and made the Indians search for gold and work on plantations. He shipped thousands of them back to Spain to be used as slaves.
他很快就颁布了强制劳动政策，逼迫印第安人寻找黄金、在种植园里劳作，还将数千名印第安人运往西班牙做奴隶。
When they began to resist his iron rule, he slaughtered them and paraded their corpses through the streets.
当印第安人开始反抗他的铁腕统治时，他就对他们展开屠杀，还把他们的尸体拖到街上示众。
Everyone was starving, disease ridden, overworked, and dying. He didn’t care. He only cared about making money.
当时的人们饥肠辘辘、疾病缠身、劳累过度，不断有人死去，可哥伦布对此毫不在意，他只关心如何赚钱。
Eventually, his actions got reported to the Spanish Court, who forced him to return home. He wasn’t punished, and maintained his freedom. He even went back to the New World one more time.
最终，他的所作所为被上报给了西班牙王室，王室强迫他返回西班牙。但他并没有受到任何惩罚，依然保有自由身，甚至还又一次回到了新大陆。
Sixty years after Columbus landed at Hispaniola, the native population had dropped from 250,000 to a few hundred. He essentially caused GENOCIDE.
在哥伦布登陆伊斯帕尼奥拉岛60年后，岛上的土著人口从25万锐减到了几百人。本质上，是他制造了这场种族灭绝。
So enjoy your day off for Columbus Day, but don’t thank this man. He was a pretty horrible person.
所以，享受哥伦布日的假期没问题，但别感谢这个人，他真的是个极其可怕的人。
Jonathan Markoff Lives in Citrus Heights, CA (2019–present) Upvoted by Brady Swanson, Studied history extensively for six years and Kirkland Toaste, M.A. Nursing & History, Villanova University (1986) 2y
乔纳森·马尔科夫 2019年至今居住于加利福尼亚州锡特拉斯海茨 获布雷迪·斯旺森（深入研究历史六年）与柯克兰·托斯特（1986届，维拉诺瓦大学护理与历史学硕士）
Columbus is mentioned frequently, but his idol has already fallen as pop culture becomes more aware of his brutalities.
哥伦布经常被人们提及，但随着流行文化越来越多地揭露他的暴行，他的偶像光环已经破灭了。
I am distressed that these guys have their images held up as heroes, even by the same street march people who condemn Columbus.
让我感到痛心的是，有几个人的形象依然被奉为英雄，甚至那些谴责哥伦布的街头抗议者也把他们当英雄。
Guy Fawkes was a religious fanatic who sought to blow up the Parliament neigbourhood of London. Mythbusters showed that his bomb, which didn’t go off thanks to a last minute rescue, was capable of killing as many people as died on 9/11. For some reason, early Victorian penny dreadfuls made Fawkes out to be a hero who fought for freedom, and the comic book V For Vendetta, c. 1983, helped cement this. In fact, the common Fawkes mask seen in marches was designed for the comic book.
盖伊·福克斯是个宗教狂热分子，他曾试图炸毁伦敦的议会区。《流言终结者》节目曾证实，要不是最后时刻有人阻止，他放置的炸弹造成的死亡人数可能会和“9·11”事件相当。不知为何，维多利亚时代早期的廉价恐怖小说把福克斯塑造成了为自由而战的英雄，而1983年左右出版的漫画《V字仇杀队》更是巩固了这一形象。事实上，现在游行中常见的福克斯面具，最初就是为这部漫画设计的。
我真希望现代流行文化别再把他的形象归到“好人”行列里了。
Sean Kernan
Sean Kernan Upvoted by Michael Bryan, BS, CS, MS CS MS History Computer Science & History 2y Originally Answered: Which famous person in history who is idolized, was actually a horrible person? PT Barnum, who launched the famous circus Barnum & Bailey.
肖恩·科南 获迈克尔·布莱恩
其拥有计算机科学与历史学学士学位、计算机科学硕士学位及历史学硕士学位 2年前
P·T·巴纳姆，他创办了著名的巴纳姆与贝利马戏团。
One of his first exhibits was a slave. He claimed she was George Washington’s former nurse and was 161 years old. She was indeed elderly but not that old. She was forced to work 12 hour days until she died at 80.
他早期的展品之一是一名奴隶。他声称这名奴隶曾是乔治·华盛顿的奶妈，且已161岁高龄。这名奴隶确实年事已高，但远没到161岁。她被迫每天工作12小时，直至80岁去世。
He’s been given a positive spin in Hollywood but he wasn’t a great guy and screwed over many of his partners, while exploiting disabled people and anyone “outsider” enough to fall for it.
好莱坞对他进行了正面包装，但他并非好人。他欺骗了许多合作伙伴，同时还剥削残疾人以及任何足够“边缘化”、容易上当的人。
Peter Ramirez 板块 Peter Ramirez I read and study histories from around the world. Upvoted by Chris Davidson, B.A. History, Tarleton State University (2007) and Jay Adams, M.s. History & Business, University of Arkansas (1998) 4y Originally Answered:
彼得·拉米雷斯 阅读并研究世界各地的历史 获克里斯·戴维森（2007年获塔尔顿州立大学历史学学士学位）与杰伊·亚当斯（1998年获阿肯色大学历史学与商学硕士学位）
What famous person from history, who is now idolized, was, in reality, a completely awful person? José Doroteo Arango Arámbula, also known as, Francisco “Pancho” Villa.
历史上有哪位如今被奉为偶像的名人，在现实中却是个彻头彻尾的坏人？答案是何塞·多罗特奥·阿兰戈·阿拉姆布拉，也被人们称为弗朗西斯科·“潘乔”·比利亚。
As with many revolutionaries in the histories of various countries around the globe, Pancho Villa has become somewhat of a sympathetic, if not outright romanticized, figure from the period of the Mexican Revolution that began over a century ago, starting in 1910 and ending in 1920.
和世界各国历史上的许多革命者一样，潘乔·比利亚从一个多世纪前（1910年开始、1920年结束）的墨西哥革命时期起，就成了一个即便未被完全浪漫化，也带有几分悲情色彩的人物。
His reputation in the generations that have followed, is something of a Latin American version of Robin Hood. But, although there were periods when he distributed stolen goods and contraband to the local people in the towns he conquered, this was actually a rare act on Villa’s part, and only for the purpose of publicizing himself in a positive light.
在后世的眼中，他的名声堪比拉丁美洲版的罗宾汉。但事实上，尽管他曾在某些时期，给所攻占城镇的民众分发赃物与违禁品，可这在比利亚的行为中极为罕见，而且他这么做只是为了给自己树立正面形象。
In truth, Villa was a monstrous and evil man. A commonly repeated view of Villa is that he was forced into the role of revolutionary by a Mexican government that was removing lands and property from opposing citizens and redistributing those properties to followers of whichever political faction was ruling Mexico at a given time.
事实上，比利亚是个残忍邪恶的人。人们常说，比利亚是被墨西哥政府逼成革命者的——当时的政府夺走反对者的土地与财产，将这些资源重新分配给时任执政党派的追随者。
While there are grains of truth to that, Villa was really just a bandit who arrived on the scene at a time of Mexico’s history when he could sweep through the countryside, raping, pillaging and taking whatever he wanted, only because there was no one capable of stopping him. He was ultimately just a thief and a bandit who simply rode under the guise of revolutionary.
尽管这种说法有几分道理，但比利亚本质上就是个土匪。他只是在墨西哥历史上的一个特殊时期趁势崛起，当时没人能阻止他，于是他在乡村地区肆意横行、强奸掳掠、强取豪夺。说到底，他不过是个打着革命幌子的盗贼与土匪。
He’s a figure who is not much discussed in the annals of American History because after Villa’s infamous attack on the town of Columbus in New Mexico, he led renowned American General, John Pershing, on a wild goose chase through Mexico, ultimately remaining outside the reaches of the one-day-to-be General of the Armies.
他在美国历史记载中提及不多，原因是比利亚曾对新墨西哥州的哥伦布镇发动臭名昭著的袭击，之后让美国著名将军约翰·潘兴在墨西哥境内对他徒劳追捕，最终始终没让这位日后的陆军特级上将抓到自己。
Pershing would capture a couple of Villa’s right-hand men and have them executed for their involvement in the Columbus raid, but in nine months of pursuit, Pershing never got his hands on the most notorious outlaw in Mexican history. Pershing was eventually recalled and redeployed to Europe with the onset of World War I, and no one got to Villa until the end of the revolution, despite numerous assassination attempts.
潘兴抓获了比利亚的几个得力助手，并以他们参与哥伦布镇袭击为由将其处决，但在长达9个月的追捕中，潘兴始终没能抓到这个墨西哥历史上最臭名昭著的亡命之徒。随着第一次世界大战爆发，潘兴最终被召回并调往欧洲，尽管人们多次试图暗杀比利亚，但直到革命结束，都没人能成功。
Villa was actually wounded in the Columbus raid, but fled across the Mexican countryside in extreme pain, eventually outlasting the American Army that was sent into Mexico to bring him to justice, despite a number of close calls, including at least one, wherein American soldiers were (probably) within the distance of a house wall from Villa.
其实比利亚在哥伦布镇袭击中受了伤，但他强忍剧痛在墨西哥乡村逃亡，最终熬走了被派往墨西哥缉拿他的美军，期间还多次险些被抓，其中至少有一次，美军士兵（很可能）离他只有一墙之隔。
And, that’s why a lot of people in his own country, and of Mexican heritage, somewhat glamorize Villa in the modern age. Because he sort of got one over on the Americans. But, in his own homeland, make no mistake; Villa was truly a monster. He would forcibly recruit men to his service, with threats of murdering their wives, children and family, if they did not join him, or if they deserted him.
这就是为什么在现代，许多墨西哥本国人和墨西哥裔人士会在一定程度上美化比利亚——因为他算是“赢了”美国人一回。但在他的祖国，毋庸置疑的是，比利亚就是个恶魔。他会强制招募男性为自己效力，威胁他们说，如果不加入，或是中途叛逃，就会杀害他们的妻子、孩子和家人。
And, Villa did exactly that. He murdered women and children of men who refused his service and deserted him, as a lesson to his other soldiers not to betray him. Villa also allowed his men to rape the wives, daughters, and children in towns and villages that stood against him.
而且比利亚确实这么做了。他杀害了那些拒绝效力或叛逃者的妻小，以此警示其他士兵不要背叛他。对于那些反抗他的城镇与村庄，比利亚还纵容手下强奸当地民众的妻女和孩子。
He wantonly took food, water, and supplies from people who had little to survive on for themselves, and he would execute prisoners for no other reason than that he had no means to feed or provide them water. He was a terrible, terrible man, whatever the social forces that sculpted him.
他肆意掠夺那些本就所剩无几、仅够糊口的民众的食物、水和物资，而且仅仅因为无法为囚犯提供食物和水，就将他们处决。无论是什么社会力量造就了他，他都是个极其可怕的人。
After that era of turmoil in Mexico came to an end in 1920, Villa was bequeathed a hacienda by the Mexican government, where he and his remaining followers lived until 1923. Villa was assassinated on his way to the local town of Parral in Chihuahua, after he began to make noise of reentering politics, having three years prior made an oath to retire for good, in return for his ranch and additional monies.
1920年墨西哥动荡时代结束后，政府赠予比利亚一座庄园，他和残余的追随者在那里一直生活到1923年。三年前，比利亚曾立誓永久退休，以换取这座庄园和额外的资金，但后来他又放出要重返政坛的风声，之后便在前往奇瓦瓦州帕拉尔镇的途中被暗杀。
My great-grandmother was just a girl in her early twenties during the Mexican Revolution, and her family lived in constant terror of Villa, after her father, my great-great-grandfather, refused to join Villa’s movement. Our family fled from Mexico to the United States, through Arizona, at one time with some of Villa’s men hard on their trail in an attempt to drag my great-great-grandfather back to Mexico to be shot for refusing Villa’s service.
墨西哥革命期间，我的曾祖母还是个20岁出头的姑娘。由于她的父亲（即我的高祖父）拒绝加入比利亚的队伍，他们一家始终生活在对比利亚的恐惧之中。我们一家从墨西哥经亚利桑那州逃往美国，途中有一次，比利亚的手下紧追不舍，企图把高祖父抓回墨西哥，以他拒绝效力为由将其处决。
Our family only just got into the United States, and eventually made their way to an area just south of Fresno, in California. My great-grandmother died in 1989, at the venerable age of 99. Until her death, she was terrified of the memory of Pancho Villa. Seventy-six years after Villa’s death, while on her deathbed, and losing her senses, she would still cry out in terror, from nightmares that Pancho Villa was coming to kill her father.
我们一家好不容易才进入美国，最终定居在加利福尼亚州弗雷斯诺市南部。我的曾祖母于1989年去世，享年99岁。直到生命的最后一刻，比利亚的记忆仍让她恐惧不已。在比利亚死后76年，曾祖母临终前意识模糊时，还会因梦见比利亚要来杀她的父亲而惊恐尖叫。
特劳斯提·索尔·约翰松 历史爱好者 获斯图尔特·史蒂文森点赞，其拥有某学院政治学与历史学硕士学位（2013届）
The pirate Captain Morgan was of course a brutal evil man. But he was actually much worse.
海盗摩根船长固然是个残暴的恶人，可实际上他的所作所为远比这更恶劣。
Sir Henry Morgan. The name gives up a lot, doesn’t it. It says clearly he was a rebel, he was a pirate.
亨利·摩根爵士，这个名字透露了不少信息，不是吗？它清楚地表明了他既是反叛者，也是个海盗。
The story of Captain Morgan is well known, no need to go into how he managed to sack Panama city and many others.
摩根船长的故事广为人知，没必要细述他是如何洗劫巴拿马城以及其他众多城市的。
What most people don’t know. He wasn’t a rebel. England had no real navy to speak of and they needed people to do their dirty business like keeping the Spanish in the new world under check. So England hired pirates to do their biddings, murder everyone in a Spanish village, murder, rape and plunder. Keep your proceeds but make sure you always get a license first. Yes. Pirates got authority to sack cities and ships from a governor that worked under the Queen of England. So do French under the rule of Louis the 14 who should be known as a pirate king and not the sun king. The Spanish did have some pirates but mostly they had did have a Navy that was every bit as brutal as pirates, even more so.
但大多数人不知道的是，他并非反叛者。当时的英国没有像样的海军，却需要人手来做些见不得人的勾当，比如牵制在新大陆的西班牙势力。于是英国雇佣海盗为其效力，让他们屠杀西班牙村庄里的所有人，烧杀抢掠无恶不作。海盗可以私吞掠夺所得，但必须先获得许可。没错，这些海盗洗劫城市和船只的权力，正是来自英国女王手下的一位总督。在路易十四统治下的法国人也是如此，路易十四本应被称为“海盗之王”，而非“太阳王”。西班牙确实也有一些海盗，但他们主要依靠海军，而这支海军的残暴程度丝毫不亚于海盗，甚至有过之而无不及。
There is no need to go into techniques Morgan used to find treasure, he had methods to squeeze your skull so hard that your eyes would pop out, cut the skin from you while you are alive, bbq you on an open flame. That is just what we expect from pirates after all. I mean, what did you expect from a pirate? Well …. I don’t know if most people are aware that sir Henry Morgan, yes, he was a sir, you don’t get such a prestigious title for being a criminal. He was basically a navy officer of the English court, just not officially. He was a pirate captain for only a few years. He was actually a rom maker, sugar plantation owner and owned a lot of slaves. He was super rich, not just from pirating.
没必要细讲摩根为寻宝所用的手段，他会把人的头骨使劲挤压，直到眼球爆裂；会在人还活着的时候剥掉其皮肤；还会将人放在明火上炙烤。说到底，这些都是我们对海盗的固有印象。我是说，你还能指望海盗做出什么好事呢？不过……我不知道大多数人是否知道，亨利·摩根可是位爵士，要知道，一个罪犯可得不到如此显赫的头衔。他本质上就是英国宫廷的一名海军军官，只是并非正式任命而已。他担任海盗船长的时间只有短短几年，实际上他还是个罗姆人、甘蔗种植园主，并且拥有大量奴隶。他极为富有，而财富并非仅仅来自海盗活动。
He was a governor for the English court for much longer. Do you know what he did do a lot while he was the ruler?
他在英国宫廷担任总督的时间要长得多。你知道他在掌权期间经常做些什么吗？
He hanged and killed pirates. He would even invite pirates to his mansion and wine and dine them like there was no tomorrow, because there was no tomorrow for those sorry pirates.
他绞杀海盗，甚至会邀请海盗到自己的宅邸，设宴款待、把酒言欢，仿佛来日方长一般——可对于那些可怜的海盗来说，根本没有什么来日可言。
He became a very bad man. He murdered pirates. He tricked people who became pirates after hearings his tales of plundering, and hanged them. Stole their ships.
他成了一个彻头彻尾的坏人。他残杀海盗，欺骗那些听了他的掠夺故事后成为海盗的人，将他们绞死，还夺走他们的船只。
That is quite deceitful if you ask me. That is double crossing evil person.
在我看来，他极其狡诈，是个背信弃义的恶人。
Sangram Sagar Blogger, Content Writer Feb 21
桑格拉姆·萨加尔 博主、内容创作者
Pablo Picasso, he was a complete idiot, and his children were terrified of him.
巴勃罗·毕加索就是个十足的蠢货，他的孩子们都很怕他。
He once took a girl to a bookstore to buy a book about himself to seduce her because she didn't know who he was . As you can imagine, she was young.
有一次，因为一个女孩不认识他，他就带女孩去书店买了一本关于自己的书，想用这种方式引诱她。可想而知，那个女孩当时年纪还很小。
I learned about this in one of my art history classes . The professor asked if we could have lunch with any famous artists, who would it be? Many said Picasso and DaVinci (mostly DaVinci).
我是在一门艺术史课上了解到这件事的。当时教授问我们，如果能和任何一位著名艺术家共进午餐，会选择谁？很多人都说是毕加索和达·芬奇（大多数人选了达·芬奇）。
At the end, he stopped and talked about how they were really idiots , that they weren't recognized for their generosity or kindness. I mean, Picasso had (possibly multiple) untreated mental illnesses . Many artists in history and even today use art as an outlet for their inner expressions, so it's no wonder they were idiots or depressed or something.
最后，教授打断了大家，说起这些艺术家其实都是蠢货，他们从未因慷慨或善良而被人认可。我想说的是，毕加索可能患有（多种）未接受治疗的精神疾病。历史上乃至如今的许多艺术家，都会将艺术作为内心情绪的宣泄口，所以他们会显得古怪、抑郁之类的，也不足为奇。
He said Michaelangelo would be his choice. I found it interesting that he looked back at the artists' general behaviors and outlooks, rather than just the art and a few important things that happened in their lives.
教授说他会选择米开朗基罗。我觉得很有意思的是，教授关注的是艺术家们整体的言行举止和人生观，而不只是他们的艺术作品以及人生中发生的几件大事。
Oliver Cromwell herded everyone in the town into a church and burned it down. It was in Drogheda, Ireland 1649.
1649年，在爱尔兰的德罗赫达，奥利弗·克伦威尔把镇上所有的人都赶进一座教堂，然后放火烧了教堂。
Charles Dickens left his wife and 10 children for an 18-year-old mistress. When she spoke out about this decision, he publicly called her a fat idiot.
查尔斯·狄更斯为了一个18岁的情妇，抛弃了自己的妻子和10个孩子。当他的妻子公开反对这个决定时，他竟然当众称她为“肥胖的蠢货”。
It makes me feel less bad for him when Hans Christian Andersen would come visit him for a few nights and ended up staying at his house for months.
不过，当想到汉斯·克里斯蒂安·安徒生本来只打算去狄更斯家小住几晚，结果却在他家住了好几个月时，我对狄更斯的同情就少了很多。
This last one is a fictional character, to finish.
最后要提的这个人是个虚构角色。
Willy Wonka . He made delicious sweets that no one had ever eaten, and then made children taste them. And he enslaved the Oompa Loompas he found in an unexplored forest.
威利·旺卡，他制作出了人们前所未尝的美味糖果，然后让孩子们品尝。而且他还奴役了在一片未被探索的森林里发现的奥古伦普人。
Dylan Owens Lives in The United States of America Upvoted by Shabaz M. Sheikh, BA History & Economics, Kuvempu University, Shimoga (2022) and Riley James, M.B.A History, University of Massachusetts, Boston (2025) upxed 7y
迪伦·欧文斯 现居美国 获沙巴兹·M·谢赫（2022届，库文普大学希莫加校区历史与经济学学士）与莱利·詹姆斯（2025届，马萨诸塞大学波士顿分校历史MBA）
This guy was a serious asshole.
克里斯托弗·哥伦布就是个彻头彻尾的混蛋。
Christopher Columbus is known for discovering the New World, and starting a wave of colonization.
人们都知道克里斯托弗·哥伦布发现了新大陆，并掀起了殖民浪潮。
This is true. But he also did a lot more than that.
这确实是事实，但他所做的远不止这些。
Namely, killing and enslaving thousands of Indians.
确切地说，他还杀害并奴役了成千上万的印第安人。
When he arrived at Hispaniola for the first time, he immediately seized 6 natives to be used as servants. The Indians were very peaceful, and didn’t really know how to react to this. They just kind of let it go, and went along with whatever he did. Columbus gained power, and eventually became governor of the island.
当他第一次抵达伊斯帕尼奥拉岛时，就立刻抓走了6名当地人当仆人。印第安人性格十分平和，面对这种情况根本不知道该如何应对，只能听之任之，对他的所作所为一味顺从。后来哥伦布逐渐掌握了权力，最终成为了这座岛屿的总督。
When he became governor of the island, things got bad. Really bad.
在他担任该岛总督后，情况开始恶化，而且是急剧恶化。
Very quickly, he enacted policies of forced labor, and made the Indians search for gold and work on plantations. He shipped thousands of them back to Spain to be used as slaves.
他很快就颁布了强制劳动政策，逼迫印第安人寻找黄金、在种植园里劳作，还将数千名印第安人运往西班牙做奴隶。
When they began to resist his iron rule, he slaughtered them and paraded their corpses through the streets.
当印第安人开始反抗他的铁腕统治时，他就对他们展开屠杀，还把他们的尸体拖到街上示众。
Everyone was starving, disease ridden, overworked, and dying. He didn’t care. He only cared about making money.
当时的人们饥肠辘辘、疾病缠身、劳累过度，不断有人死去，可哥伦布对此毫不在意，他只关心如何赚钱。
Eventually, his actions got reported to the Spanish Court, who forced him to return home. He wasn’t punished, and maintained his freedom. He even went back to the New World one more time.
最终，他的所作所为被上报给了西班牙王室，王室强迫他返回西班牙。但他并没有受到任何惩罚，依然保有自由身，甚至还又一次回到了新大陆。
Sixty years after Columbus landed at Hispaniola, the native population had dropped from 250,000 to a few hundred. He essentially caused GENOCIDE.
在哥伦布登陆伊斯帕尼奥拉岛60年后，岛上的土著人口从25万锐减到了几百人。本质上，是他制造了这场种族灭绝。
So enjoy your day off for Columbus Day, but don’t thank this man. He was a pretty horrible person.
所以，享受哥伦布日的假期没问题，但别感谢这个人，他真的是个极其可怕的人。
Jonathan Markoff Lives in Citrus Heights, CA (2019–present) Upvoted by Brady Swanson, Studied history extensively for six years and Kirkland Toaste, M.A. Nursing & History, Villanova University (1986) 2y
乔纳森·马尔科夫 2019年至今居住于加利福尼亚州锡特拉斯海茨 获布雷迪·斯旺森（深入研究历史六年）与柯克兰·托斯特（1986届，维拉诺瓦大学护理与历史学硕士）
Columbus is mentioned frequently, but his idol has already fallen as pop culture becomes more aware of his brutalities.
哥伦布经常被人们提及，但随着流行文化越来越多地揭露他的暴行，他的偶像光环已经破灭了。
I am distressed that these guys have their images held up as heroes, even by the same street march people who condemn Columbus.
让我感到痛心的是，有几个人的形象依然被奉为英雄，甚至那些谴责哥伦布的街头抗议者也把他们当英雄。
Guy Fawkes was a religious fanatic who sought to blow up the Parliament neigbourhood of London. Mythbusters showed that his bomb, which didn’t go off thanks to a last minute rescue, was capable of killing as many people as died on 9/11. For some reason, early Victorian penny dreadfuls made Fawkes out to be a hero who fought for freedom, and the comic book V For Vendetta, c. 1983, helped cement this. In fact, the common Fawkes mask seen in marches was designed for the comic book.
盖伊·福克斯是个宗教狂热分子，他曾试图炸毁伦敦的议会区。《流言终结者》节目曾证实，要不是最后时刻有人阻止，他放置的炸弹造成的死亡人数可能会和“9·11”事件相当。不知为何，维多利亚时代早期的廉价恐怖小说把福克斯塑造成了为自由而战的英雄，而1983年左右出版的漫画《V字仇杀队》更是巩固了这一形象。事实上，现在游行中常见的福克斯面具，最初就是为这部漫画设计的。
我真希望现代流行文化别再把他的形象归到“好人”行列里了。
Sean Kernan
Sean Kernan Upvoted by Michael Bryan, BS, CS, MS CS MS History Computer Science & History 2y Originally Answered: Which famous person in history who is idolized, was actually a horrible person? PT Barnum, who launched the famous circus Barnum & Bailey.
肖恩·科南 获迈克尔·布莱恩
其拥有计算机科学与历史学学士学位、计算机科学硕士学位及历史学硕士学位 2年前
P·T·巴纳姆，他创办了著名的巴纳姆与贝利马戏团。
One of his first exhibits was a slave. He claimed she was George Washington’s former nurse and was 161 years old. She was indeed elderly but not that old. She was forced to work 12 hour days until she died at 80.
他早期的展品之一是一名奴隶。他声称这名奴隶曾是乔治·华盛顿的奶妈，且已161岁高龄。这名奴隶确实年事已高，但远没到161岁。她被迫每天工作12小时，直至80岁去世。
He’s been given a positive spin in Hollywood but he wasn’t a great guy and screwed over many of his partners, while exploiting disabled people and anyone “outsider” enough to fall for it.
好莱坞对他进行了正面包装，但他并非好人。他欺骗了许多合作伙伴，同时还剥削残疾人以及任何足够“边缘化”、容易上当的人。
Peter Ramirez 板块 Peter Ramirez I read and study histories from around the world. Upvoted by Chris Davidson, B.A. History, Tarleton State University (2007) and Jay Adams, M.s. History & Business, University of Arkansas (1998) 4y Originally Answered:
彼得·拉米雷斯 阅读并研究世界各地的历史 获克里斯·戴维森（2007年获塔尔顿州立大学历史学学士学位）与杰伊·亚当斯（1998年获阿肯色大学历史学与商学硕士学位）
What famous person from history, who is now idolized, was, in reality, a completely awful person? José Doroteo Arango Arámbula, also known as, Francisco “Pancho” Villa.
历史上有哪位如今被奉为偶像的名人，在现实中却是个彻头彻尾的坏人？答案是何塞·多罗特奥·阿兰戈·阿拉姆布拉，也被人们称为弗朗西斯科·“潘乔”·比利亚。
As with many revolutionaries in the histories of various countries around the globe, Pancho Villa has become somewhat of a sympathetic, if not outright romanticized, figure from the period of the Mexican Revolution that began over a century ago, starting in 1910 and ending in 1920.
和世界各国历史上的许多革命者一样，潘乔·比利亚从一个多世纪前（1910年开始、1920年结束）的墨西哥革命时期起，就成了一个即便未被完全浪漫化，也带有几分悲情色彩的人物。
His reputation in the generations that have followed, is something of a Latin American version of Robin Hood. But, although there were periods when he distributed stolen goods and contraband to the local people in the towns he conquered, this was actually a rare act on Villa’s part, and only for the purpose of publicizing himself in a positive light.
在后世的眼中，他的名声堪比拉丁美洲版的罗宾汉。但事实上，尽管他曾在某些时期，给所攻占城镇的民众分发赃物与违禁品，可这在比利亚的行为中极为罕见，而且他这么做只是为了给自己树立正面形象。
In truth, Villa was a monstrous and evil man. A commonly repeated view of Villa is that he was forced into the role of revolutionary by a Mexican government that was removing lands and property from opposing citizens and redistributing those properties to followers of whichever political faction was ruling Mexico at a given time.
事实上，比利亚是个残忍邪恶的人。人们常说，比利亚是被墨西哥政府逼成革命者的——当时的政府夺走反对者的土地与财产，将这些资源重新分配给时任执政党派的追随者。
While there are grains of truth to that, Villa was really just a bandit who arrived on the scene at a time of Mexico’s history when he could sweep through the countryside, raping, pillaging and taking whatever he wanted, only because there was no one capable of stopping him. He was ultimately just a thief and a bandit who simply rode under the guise of revolutionary.
尽管这种说法有几分道理，但比利亚本质上就是个土匪。他只是在墨西哥历史上的一个特殊时期趁势崛起，当时没人能阻止他，于是他在乡村地区肆意横行、强奸掳掠、强取豪夺。说到底，他不过是个打着革命幌子的盗贼与土匪。
He’s a figure who is not much discussed in the annals of American History because after Villa’s infamous attack on the town of Columbus in New Mexico, he led renowned American General, John Pershing, on a wild goose chase through Mexico, ultimately remaining outside the reaches of the one-day-to-be General of the Armies.
他在美国历史记载中提及不多，原因是比利亚曾对新墨西哥州的哥伦布镇发动臭名昭著的袭击，之后让美国著名将军约翰·潘兴在墨西哥境内对他徒劳追捕，最终始终没让这位日后的陆军特级上将抓到自己。
Pershing would capture a couple of Villa’s right-hand men and have them executed for their involvement in the Columbus raid, but in nine months of pursuit, Pershing never got his hands on the most notorious outlaw in Mexican history. Pershing was eventually recalled and redeployed to Europe with the onset of World War I, and no one got to Villa until the end of the revolution, despite numerous assassination attempts.
潘兴抓获了比利亚的几个得力助手，并以他们参与哥伦布镇袭击为由将其处决，但在长达9个月的追捕中，潘兴始终没能抓到这个墨西哥历史上最臭名昭著的亡命之徒。随着第一次世界大战爆发，潘兴最终被召回并调往欧洲，尽管人们多次试图暗杀比利亚，但直到革命结束，都没人能成功。
Villa was actually wounded in the Columbus raid, but fled across the Mexican countryside in extreme pain, eventually outlasting the American Army that was sent into Mexico to bring him to justice, despite a number of close calls, including at least one, wherein American soldiers were (probably) within the distance of a house wall from Villa.
其实比利亚在哥伦布镇袭击中受了伤，但他强忍剧痛在墨西哥乡村逃亡，最终熬走了被派往墨西哥缉拿他的美军，期间还多次险些被抓，其中至少有一次，美军士兵（很可能）离他只有一墙之隔。
And, that’s why a lot of people in his own country, and of Mexican heritage, somewhat glamorize Villa in the modern age. Because he sort of got one over on the Americans. But, in his own homeland, make no mistake; Villa was truly a monster. He would forcibly recruit men to his service, with threats of murdering their wives, children and family, if they did not join him, or if they deserted him.
这就是为什么在现代，许多墨西哥本国人和墨西哥裔人士会在一定程度上美化比利亚——因为他算是“赢了”美国人一回。但在他的祖国，毋庸置疑的是，比利亚就是个恶魔。他会强制招募男性为自己效力，威胁他们说，如果不加入，或是中途叛逃，就会杀害他们的妻子、孩子和家人。
And, Villa did exactly that. He murdered women and children of men who refused his service and deserted him, as a lesson to his other soldiers not to betray him. Villa also allowed his men to rape the wives, daughters, and children in towns and villages that stood against him.
而且比利亚确实这么做了。他杀害了那些拒绝效力或叛逃者的妻小，以此警示其他士兵不要背叛他。对于那些反抗他的城镇与村庄，比利亚还纵容手下强奸当地民众的妻女和孩子。
He wantonly took food, water, and supplies from people who had little to survive on for themselves, and he would execute prisoners for no other reason than that he had no means to feed or provide them water. He was a terrible, terrible man, whatever the social forces that sculpted him.
他肆意掠夺那些本就所剩无几、仅够糊口的民众的食物、水和物资，而且仅仅因为无法为囚犯提供食物和水，就将他们处决。无论是什么社会力量造就了他，他都是个极其可怕的人。
After that era of turmoil in Mexico came to an end in 1920, Villa was bequeathed a hacienda by the Mexican government, where he and his remaining followers lived until 1923. Villa was assassinated on his way to the local town of Parral in Chihuahua, after he began to make noise of reentering politics, having three years prior made an oath to retire for good, in return for his ranch and additional monies.
1920年墨西哥动荡时代结束后，政府赠予比利亚一座庄园，他和残余的追随者在那里一直生活到1923年。三年前，比利亚曾立誓永久退休，以换取这座庄园和额外的资金，但后来他又放出要重返政坛的风声，之后便在前往奇瓦瓦州帕拉尔镇的途中被暗杀。
My great-grandmother was just a girl in her early twenties during the Mexican Revolution, and her family lived in constant terror of Villa, after her father, my great-great-grandfather, refused to join Villa’s movement. Our family fled from Mexico to the United States, through Arizona, at one time with some of Villa’s men hard on their trail in an attempt to drag my great-great-grandfather back to Mexico to be shot for refusing Villa’s service.
墨西哥革命期间，我的曾祖母还是个20岁出头的姑娘。由于她的父亲（即我的高祖父）拒绝加入比利亚的队伍，他们一家始终生活在对比利亚的恐惧之中。我们一家从墨西哥经亚利桑那州逃往美国，途中有一次，比利亚的手下紧追不舍，企图把高祖父抓回墨西哥，以他拒绝效力为由将其处决。
Our family only just got into the United States, and eventually made their way to an area just south of Fresno, in California. My great-grandmother died in 1989, at the venerable age of 99. Until her death, she was terrified of the memory of Pancho Villa. Seventy-six years after Villa’s death, while on her deathbed, and losing her senses, she would still cry out in terror, from nightmares that Pancho Villa was coming to kill her father.
我们一家好不容易才进入美国，最终定居在加利福尼亚州弗雷斯诺市南部。我的曾祖母于1989年去世，享年99岁。直到生命的最后一刻，比利亚的记忆仍让她恐惧不已。在比利亚死后76年，曾祖母临终前意识模糊时，还会因梦见比利亚要来杀她的父亲而惊恐尖叫。
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他并非反叛者。当时的英国没有像样的海军，却需要人手来做些见不得人的勾当，比如牵制在新大陆的西班牙势力。于是英国雇佣海盗为其效力，让他们屠杀西班牙村庄里的所有人，烧杀抢掠无恶不作。海盗可以私吞掠夺所得，但必须先获得许可。没错，这些海盗洗劫城市和船只的权力，正是来自英国女王手下的一位总督。在路易十四统治下的法国人也是如此，路易十四本应被称为“海盗之王”，而非“太阳王”。西班牙确实也有一些海盗，但他们主要依靠海军，而这支海军的残暴程度丝毫不亚于海盗，甚至有过之而无不及。