印度航空母舰计划受美国技术延迟影响
India’s Aircraft Carrier Plan Hit by US Tech Delays
译文简介
印度海军航空母舰计划在推进CATOBAR（弹射起飞）能力方面面临关键障碍，这对增强印度洋地区的战斗投射至关重要。目前，印度海军依赖两艘STOBAR（滑跃起飞）航空母舰：经过翻修的INS维克拉玛蒂亚号和自主建造的INS维克兰特号。这些滑跃起飞系统将飞机起飞时的负载限制为较轻的负荷，减少了燃料、武器和航程——这些都是在区域紧张局势下进行远程打击和侦察的关键缺陷。
正文翻译
India's navy aircraft carrier program faces critical hurdles in advancing to CATOBAR capabilities, vital for enhanced combat projection in the Indian Ocean. Currently, the fleet relies on two STOBAR carriers: the refurbished INS Vikramaditya and the homebuilt INS Vikrant. These ski-jump systems limit aircraft launches to lighter loads, reducing fuel, weapons, and range—key drawbacks for long-range strikes and surveillance amid regional tensions.
印度海军航空母舰计划在推进CATOBAR（弹射起飞）能力方面面临关键障碍，这对增强印度洋地区的战斗投射至关重要。目前，印度海军依赖两艘STOBAR（滑跃起飞）航空母舰：经过翻修的INS维克拉玛蒂亚号和自主建造的INS维克兰特号。这些滑跃起飞系统将飞机起飞时的负载限制为较轻的负荷，减少了燃料、武器和航程——这些都是在区域紧张局势下进行远程打击和侦察的关键缺陷。
The ambitious third carrier, INS Vishal—a 65,000-ton behemoth eyed for electromagnetic catapults (EMALS) and potential nuclear propulsion—remains mired in delays. Initial 2015 defense pacts promised tech collaboration on EMALS, but export controls, high costs, and reliability issues have stalled transfers, pushing timelines beyond 2030.
雄心勃勃的第三艘航空母舰INS维沙尔号——一艘重达65,000吨的庞然大物，计划配备电磁弹射系统（EMALS）和潜在的核动力系统——仍然深陷延误之中。2015年的初步国防协议曾承诺在EMALS技术方面进行合作，但由于出口管制、高昂的成本和可靠性问题，技术转移陷入停滞，推迟了时间表，预计要到2030年以后才能完成。
This leaves the program vulnerable, risking outdated assets against evolving threats to sea lanes and trade routes.Self-reliance drives progress: DRDO accelerates indigenous EMALS prototypes under Atmanirbhar Bharat, while a $8 billion Rafale-M deal bolsters carrier-compatible stealth fighters. Explorations with France for nuclear reactors and UK firms for electric drives offer alternatives. Without CATOBAR upgrades, the navy could prioritize submarines over carriers, widening capability gaps. Swift diversification and firm tech transfers are essential to fortify deterrence and regional influence.
这使得该计划变得脆弱，面临着过时的资产无法应对不断变化的海上航道和贸易路线威胁的风险。自力更生推动进步：在“自力更生印度”倡议下，印度国防研究与发展组织（DRDO）加速了本土EMALS原型的开发，同时，价值80亿美元的“阵风-M”战斗机交易为兼容航空母舰的隐形战斗机提供了支持。与法国的核反应堆合作以及与英国公司合作探索电驱动技术也为解决方案提供了替代选项。如果没有CATOBAR升级，海军可能会优先考虑潜艇而非航空母舰，这将加大能力差距。迅速的多元化和稳定的技术转移对于加强威慑力和区域影响力至关重要。
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India’s Aircraft Carrier Plan Hit by US Tech Delays
印度航空母舰计划受美国技术延迟影响
@victorhuynh4031
US took over 100 years in experience on aircraft carriers to come up with a new launching system. India think they deserve the US share their most prize technology with India.
美国花了超过100年的时间积累航空母舰的经验，才研发出新的起飞系统。印度却认为自己有资格让美国与其分享最宝贵的技术。
@BishnuRay-ws5dq
no country will give away technology or system like that for a bargain!
没有哪个国家会为了便宜而把这样的技术或系统送出去！
@KayyHong
India is no more than a pawn on America's chess board.
印度不过是美国棋盘上的一颗棋子。
@seenyip757
Why is India so obsessed with competing with China? China's Emals has even surpassed American system because it can even launch a 5 + generation stealth fighter. China is already a class of its own while India isn't visible in the rear mirror.
为什么印度如此执着于与中国竞争？中国的电磁弹射系统甚至超越了美国的技术，因为它甚至可以起飞第五代及以上的隐形战斗机。中国已经形成了自己的独特优势，而印度则连在后视镜里都看不见。
@Samuelkings
India need to realize that they are not on the same league with China, you will end up spending and wasting money on defense while abandoning infrastructure and other area that your economy needs to become a true competitor
印度需要意识到，他们与中国不在同一层次。最终你们会在国防上花费大量资金，却忽视了基础设施和其他经济需要发展的领域，无法真正成为竞争对手。
@yiplekhong5111
why is Indian only keep dreaming other nation to give them their hard works on R&D. Same as their no where to be seen bullet train. When will India doing their own research.
为什么印度总是想着让其他国家把他们的辛苦研发成果送给自己？就像他们的高铁一样，什么时候才能开始做自己的研究？
@RTnow96
Who is stopping India from developing EMALS on its own.
谁在阻止印度自己研发电磁弹射系统？
@jakblu5411
India considers itself a great power, so why does it need to share all its high-tech technology with others? Why not just manufacture it on its own? When the United States refused China access to the International Space Station, China built one. When the United States pressured Israel to cancel its AWACS contract, China developed its own. When Russia refused to share its aircraft engine and carrier-based aircraft technology, China developed its own. When Europe deceived China on the Global Positioning System, China developed its own technology. Why can China do what India can't?
印度自认为是一个大国，为什么还需要与别人共享所有高科技技术？为什么不自己制造呢？当美国拒绝让中国进入国际空间站时，中国自己建了一个。当美国施压以色列取消其预警机合同时，中国自己研发了一个。当俄罗斯拒绝分享其航空发动机和舰载机技术时，中国自己研发了。当欧洲在全球定位系统上欺骗中国时，中国自己开发了技术。为什么中国能做到，而印度却做不到？
@jiangjunling4646
India's backwardness is all because the United States didn't offer any help.
How ridiculous and pitiful this idea is!
印度的落后全是因为美国没有提供任何帮助。这个想法是多么可笑和可怜啊！
@nymanson1118
This is a strange view. Military weapons are top secret for a country, and if they're selling them to you, it means the technology is already outdated. They have more advanced weapons. And yet India is now demanding technology transfer from the US? Currently, only two countries in the world possess electromagnetic catapult technology.
这是一个奇怪的观点。军事武器对一个国家来说是高度机密，如果它们愿意卖给你，那意味着这些技术已经过时了。他们有更先进的武器。现在印度居然要求美国转让技术？目前，全球只有两个国家拥有电磁弹射技术。
@user-gy8zp1ps5v
An example of their rip-off: the Boeing P8 submarine hunter was supposed to cost $2.42 billion in 2021 for six aircraft. India didn't have enough money in 2021 and postponed the deal. Today, Boeing is demanding $4 billion from India for the same aircraft. That's not inflation; it's a rip-off.
他们的一个例子：波音P8反潜机在2021年原本应该花费24.2亿美元购买六架飞机。印度在2021年没有足够的资金，推迟了交易。如今，波音要求印度支付40亿美元购买同样的飞机。这不是通货膨胀，这是敲诈。
@knowledged8420
Even usa can't master emal technology and poor India want the technology who doesn't has money
即使是美国也无法掌握电磁弹射技术，印度这些没钱的国家竟然还想要这项技术。
@productguru8323
Can India afford a arm race against China? Or, the arm race is just a reason for corruption?
印度能负担得起与中国的军备竞赛吗？还是说，军备竞赛只是腐败的借口？
@superphi
America ain’t gonna do shit for u unless u become its vassal to counter China. If u want to stay sovereign then do it urself
除非你成为美国的附庸来对抗中国，否则美国不会为你做任何事。如果你想保持主权，就自己做。
@healthvision1
USA fooling India with false narrative of strategic partner and keep using it until India awakes.
美国通过虚假的战略伙伴叙事愚弄印度，一直利用它，直到印度觉醒。
@-v3m
India can’t build a supercarrier like China’s, and somehow it’s all because the U.S. is ‘too evil’?？ You Indians really do have quite a talent for humor.
印度连像中国那样的超级航空母舰都造不出来，居然还说一切都是因为美国“太邪恶”？？你们印度人真有幽默天赋。
@lycan8723
Why on Earth would the US give India EMALs, only ONE US carrier has EMALs, NOBODY will ever give anyone their technology until it's a generation behind, you need to wait until probably 2035 if not 2040 before you are sold (not anymore after the trade war) EMALs. This is why indigenous research and development will always beat buying from foreign suppliers, because you get it as soon as you research and develop it, not whenever a potential adversary decides to sell it to you.
美国为什么要给印度电磁弹射技术，只有一艘美国航母配备了电磁弹射系统，没人会把自己的技术交给别人，除非它已经落后了一个世代，你可能得等到2035年甚至2040年才会被出售（贸易战后可能不再出售）。这就是为什么本土研发总是比从外国供应商那里购买更强大的原因，因为你只要研发出来就能拥有，而不是等到潜在对手决定卖给你。
@JoeKanon
india still dont understand that US Defense deal is not to sell to india but to delay it forever, the wait will prevent india buying from russia. when the product is outdated and nomore best in class then they will deliver.
印度仍然不明白，美国的国防交易并不是为了卖给印度，而是为了永远推迟，等待的过程会阻止印度从俄罗斯购买。当产品过时且不再是顶级产品时，他们才会交货。
@F22raptor46
Literally anything happens you blame the US, stop blaming others for your own fails
发生任何事你们都怪美国，别再把自己的失败归咎于别人了。
@snd9826
India assured USA it can handle China but was turned into a punching bag by Pakistan. So USA realized it is betting on a wrong horse.
印度曾向美国保证能应对中国，但却被巴基斯坦当作沙包打。所以美国意识到自己选错了马。
@-o1n
China has never regarded India as an enemy. The only enemy of China is the United States. If India voluntarily gives up the dispute, it can save a large amount of military expenditure to develop people's livelihood welfare.
中国从未将印度视为敌人。中国唯一的敌人是美国。如果印度自愿放弃争端，就能节省大量军事开支，用于发展民生福利。
@RV-oy3es
EMALS originated from Semiconductor Equipment using Linear motors for x,y axis and air bearings in 1990s by Japanese and US machines with high speed and precision positioning. I worked on those equipment .Surely India can do it.
电磁弹射技术源自1990年代日本和美国的半导体设备，使用线性电机和气动轴承来实现高速度和高精度的定位。我曾参与过这些设备的工作。印度肯定能够做得到。
@mands406
India should not depend on America for anything in technology...We should develop our own technology like we did develop the cryogenic engine and now we are self relient in our Space Program
印度不应该在任何技术上依赖美国……我们应该像研发低温发动机那样，发展自己的技术，现在我们的航天计划已经自给自足了。
@deepone5005
India is still not aware that China is the 1st country to launch the 5th Gen Stealth fighter at sea with the EMALS system.
The US is left in the Fujian Carrier's wake.
No US carrier has ever done it!! Not with EMALS on a carrier.
印度仍然没有意识到，中国是第一个在海上用电磁弹射系统发射第五代隐形战斗机的国家。美国已经落后于福建号航母。不管是航母上还是电磁弹射技术，美国的航母都从未做到过。
@curiouscynic4357
The US attitude is no surprise. It's history and power is based on scheming betrayal and ruthless stabbing in the back. It considers this as bravery based on the motto that the end justifies the means.
美国的态度一点也不令人惊讶。它的历史和权力都建立在阴谋背叛和冷酷的背后捅刀上。它认为这是勇气，基于“目的证明手段”这一座右铭。
@Flyinghigh3597
India is begging technology assistance from: US,Russia,Japan, France,Germany ,South Korea, Australia ,Israel,Canada,?UK...etc.
Good luck with your strategy. In terms of begging technologies from around the world , India is world no.1 You guys doesnt have the concept of "Shame". This is pride !
印度正在向美国、俄罗斯、日本、法国、德国、韩国、澳大利亚、以色列、加拿大、英国等多个国家请求技术援助。祝你们好运，印度在全球乞求技术援助方面是全球第一 ， 你们真的是没有“羞耻”这个概念。真是自豪！
@batmannownowbatman4059
Atmanirbhar cant do magics but it can lead to long term stablity, but at the same time US is modern military giant which no one else in this world can compete, China is growing but still far behind US
India needs to clam down and try irs best with others but not feeling left alone by US
“自力更生”不能创造奇迹，但它可以带来长期的稳定；同时，美国是现代军事巨头，世界上没有其他国家能与之竞争，中国在增长，但仍然远远落后于美国。印度需要冷静下来，尽最大努力与他国合作，而不是感到被美国孤立。
@seenyip757
If Indian scientists are capable of reverse engineering they would have succeeded years ago. They are just not capable and clever enough. As for espionage, first have to train your spies to drop your Indian accent before spying around
如果印度科学家能够成功进行逆向工程，他们多年前就已经成功了。问题是他们既不够聪明也不够有能力。至于间谍活动，首先得训练你们的间谍，学会不带印度口音再去进行间谍活动。
@lesliecheung1478
India rely on other countries to provide the tech....Indians are not stupid but the problems is that Indians is always thinking of short cuts to a problem. They should stop this mentality and focus on R&D.
印度依赖其他国家提供技术……印度人并不傻，问题在于印度总是想着通过捷径解决问题。他们应该停止这种心态，专注于研发。
@markc6140
Another 10 years, India still can’t get EMAL tech from US and I can bet on that. US is a selfish arrogant country and won’t share high tech equipment with any countries except Anglo-Saxon gang and Israel. Develop your own better for own survival.
再过10年，印度仍然无法从美国获得电磁弹射技术，我敢打赌。美国是个自私傲慢的国家，除了盎格鲁-撒克逊国家和以色列，任何国家都不会分享高科技设备。为了自己的生存，最好还是自己研发。
@BikramKonwar-v7l
Why would Americans part with their tech which they got by pouring billions into R&D, stop whimpering and put your foot down and invest in R&D, we have no other way
为什么美国要与其他国家分享他们通过投入数十亿美元研发得到的技术？别再哀叹了，站稳脚跟，投资研发，我们别无选择。
@hpw-ws6bj
Instead of asking USA for help to equal or best China you need to surpass the USA instead. That's what China achieved. The Fujian and its air wing is superior to America's Ford class. Only thing the Ford is still ahead is nuclear powered.
与其向美国求助，试图与中国平起平坐或超越，不如直接超越美国。这就是中国的成就。福建号及其航空战斗群在性能上优于美国的福特级航母。福特级航母唯一领先的是核动力。
@ramanagg
The US is not at all a reliable defence partner. Good to have a joint partnership with Russia or other reliable countries and codevelop.
美国根本不是一个可靠的防务伙伴。与俄罗斯或其他可靠国家建立联合合作关系，进行共同研发才是更好的选择。
@edgarli8515
South Korea is the world's number one, India is the galaxy's number one, both are watchdogs of the United States, very interesting
韩国是世界第一，印度是银河系第一，都是美国的看门狗，真有意思。
@shadesblanket
Possibly some corrupt politicians or officers involved in purchasing arms from abraod. Why to buy so many things from foriegn countries at so high prices. At least drones, UAV, small items should be made by drdo or indian companies. NIA and CBI must investigate all recent military deals deeply.
可能有一些腐败的政治人物或官员参与了从国外采购武器的事情。为什么要以如此高的价格从外国购买那么多东西？至少无人机、UAV、一些小物品应该由DRDO或印度公司制造。NIA和CBI必须深入调查所有最近的军事交易。
@AndersGosta
Teach the girls to read and write and maybe a woman can help you construct things for India.
教女孩们读书写字，或许有一天一个女性可以帮助你们为印度建设。
@gangadharreddy3172
indian government focusing tejas more jets no engines not focusing engines technology . USA playing games delay.....USA indian borders focusing all borders countries with usa exercises indian government silent ?
印度政府在更多关注“光辉”战机，却没有关注发动机技术。美国在玩游戏，拖延……美国关注的是印度边境附近的所有国家进行联合演习，印度政府却保持沉默？
@muzzle9999
That is inevitable if you don't have the capability to manufacture things all by yourselves.
如果没有能力完全自主制造东西，这是不可避免的。
@bitcoinvester
In China, everyone, regardless of gender or age, unanimously believes that India is the strongest country in the universe, while China is just a developing country. Therefore, Chinese people are still working while Americans are sleeping, striving to close the gap with India and the United States.
在中国，无论性别或年龄，每个人都一致认为印度是宇宙中最强的国家，而中国只是一个发展中国家。因此，中国人仍然在努力工作，而美国人却在睡觉，努力缩小与印度和美国的差距。
@VijayaKumariAmma-xi9ct
Why build aircraft carriers without fighter jets? Someone should investigate that it's already two years since the indigenously built aircraft carrier began to lie without aircraft. Navy is using mig 29 old Soviet aircraft for a modern aircraft carrier
为什么要建造没有战斗机的航母？应该调查一下，印度自主建造的航母已经两年没有战机了。海军现在还在使用旧的苏联米格29战斗机。
@bindruk4321
Do not depend on the US for even a grain of Tech . They have always seen India as a future adversary . All these "offers" of collaboration and tech transfers , were basically them trying to find out how much we have progressed - once they gauged our progress based on what we "really" wanted , had a sense of our capability gaps - they would then strategically deny progress in those areas to be able to influence our geopolitical behavior .
不要依赖美国提供哪怕一粒技术。他们一直把印度视为未来的对手。所有这些“合作”和技术转让的“提议”，本质上是他们试图了解我们取得了多大的进展——一旦他们掌握了我们“真正”想要的东西，评估了我们的能力差距，他们就会战略性地在这些领域上拖延，以便影响我们的地缘政治行为。
We should not be considering ANY country as a "true" partner in that sense any longer . We have evolved into a geopolitical heavy weight and NO ONE is interested in seeing us grow any more economically or technologically stronger . The rest is going to happen now via our own efforts - even if that involves industrial espionage and reverse engineering .
我们不应再把任何国家当作“真正”的伙伴。我们已经发展成了一个地缘政治大国，没有人愿意再看到我们在经济或技术上变得更强。接下来的发展只能通过我们的努力来实现——即使这涉及到工业间谍和逆向工程。
The sooner we realize this reality the better .
DO NOT EXPECT Russia , France or Israel to share any technology which will help us grow stronger than we already are - No one wants to upset the Balance of Power . This is geopolitics 101.
If we need advanced military tech - we will need to invest in R&D and plan for the longer term . No more shortcuts by buying off the shelf tech.
越早认识到这个现实越好。
不要指望俄罗斯、法国或以色列会分享任何能让我们变得比现在更强的技术——没有人愿意破坏权力平衡。这是地缘政治101。
如果我们需要先进的军事技术——我们需要投资研发，规划长期发展。不再依赖购买现成技术来走捷径。