乌克兰为何输掉战争：我们的军工复合体制造的是金钱，而非武器。

@michaelscott-joynt3215 "America is no longer an industrial-capitalist country, it's a finance-capitalist country, and finance has no interest...in industrializing the economy as a means of getting rich, when you can get rich...quicker by rent-seeking, financial engineering, indebting the economy of the bottom 90% to the wealthiest 10%, [and] achieving monopolies." -Michael Hudson An economy that once belonged to people who make things now belongs to those who make money.

“美国不再是一个工业资本主义国家，而是一个金融资本主义国家，金融没有兴趣……通过工业化经济来致富，因为你可以通过寻租、金融工程、让底层90%的经济负债给最富有的10%的人，[并且]实现垄断，更快地致富。”——Michael Hudson 曾属于制造物品的人的经济，现在属于那些赚钱的人。

@michaelloong964 To make US GDP shoot sky high is to allow MIC increase cost of production 4 times higher than Russia. The US is not the richest country in the world , it is their top 1% of population that is the richest in the world. Many common people work 2 jobs to survive and there are millions of people living below poverty line.

要让美国GDP飙升，就是让军工复合体将生产成本提高到比俄罗斯高4倍。美国并不是世界上最富有的国家，而是他们最富有的1%人口才是世界上最富有的。许多普通人为了生存需要做两份工作，数百万的人生活在贫困线以下。

@CA999 As an Australian I am so glad you did not mention the AUKUS Submarine deal. It's the embarrassment of the century in front of our Asian friends and trading partners.

作为一名澳大利亚人，我很高兴你没有提到AUKUS潜艇协议。这是世纪之耻，面对我们的亚洲朋友和贸易伙伴。

@barryshaw5660 I’m old and saw this in Vietnam when I was a teenager. It’s always been like that and will always be like that their private companies building weapons for the USA and Europeans. They’re all about profit not quantity or quality..

我年纪大了，年轻时在越南战争期间看过这一切。这一直如此，今后也会如此，他们的私人公司为美国和欧洲制造武器。它们关注的是利润，而不是数量或质量。

@JimrunNewman NATO has lost the industrial capacity

北约已经失去了工业生产能力。

@windsong3wong828 USA democracy makes the rich richer. A license to print monies by overcharging.

美国的民主使富人更富。 通过过度收费来印钞票的许可。

@petesong7146 Military contractors make money yet the US has not won a war since 1945. Our defense budget, that we know about, is almost a trillion dollars a year.

军事承包商赚了钱，但自1945年以来，美国没有赢过一场战争。我们知道的国防预算几乎每年达到一万亿美元。

@alfred-vz8ti nations degenerate, it turns out. but a careful reading of usa history suggests it was always rotten, just fortunate in its geography. this value is used up, a president of trump's nature should be impossible, but the constitution is unsextive, and enough usa people find him attractive that he can be elected twice. what that says about usa should turn stomachs. not merely that he is a contemptible creature, equally, the system can not offer a better. states can leave the federation, it only needs courage, and small arms. or a plane ticket with visa. if you stay, and do nothing, that's why a trump is the pick of the nation.

国家会堕落，事实证明。但是仔细阅读美国历史表明，它一直是腐朽的，只是幸运地有着有利的地理位置。这个价值观已经耗尽， 特朗普那样的总统本不应该存在，但宪法没有选择性，足够多的美国人觉得他有吸引力，以至于他能连任两次。这说明了美国的问题，应该让人感到恶心。不仅仅是因为他是一个可鄙的生物，同样，这个系统也无法提供更好的人选。 各州可以脱离联邦，只需要勇气和小型武器，或者一张机票和签证。如果你留在这里，什么都不做，这就是为什么特朗普会成为全国的选择。

@emmany5302 Great analysis. Another reason for the misguided arms production and defense spending in the US is that powerful US Senators and Congressmen insist on keeping the production of certain arms or weapon systems going because they create jobs in their state or congressional district, not because they are needed in today's warfare.

很好的分析。美国错误的武器生产和国防支出另一个原因是，美国强大的参议员和国会议员坚持保持某些武器或武器系统的生产，因为它们能在他们的州或选区创造就业机会，而不是因为它们在当今的战争中是需要的。

@joedonnelly6721 I heard two Ukrainian guys on the radio in Ireland a few days ago and they felt the war should continue but had no intention of returning to help.

几天前我在爱尔兰听到两个乌克兰人谈话，他们认为战争应该继续，但没有打算回去帮忙。

@xinfuxia3809 cotton is an important component of the regular artillery explosive. The EU restrict Chinese cotton products for “forced labor”. But they don’t reject that specific type of cotton. However, China put export controls on this type of cotton.

棉花是常规炮弹炸药的重要组成部分。欧盟以“强迫劳动”为由限制中国的棉花产品，但他们并没有拒绝那种特定类型的棉花。然而，中国对这种棉花实施了出口控制。

@rikitourangi815 Russia has its own energy and up until NS 1-2 was destroyed, EU decided Russian energy was bad and they should buy more expensive energy from the west

俄罗斯有自己的能源，直到北溪1号和2号被摧毁之前，欧盟决定俄罗斯的能源不好，他们应该从西方购买更贵的能源。

@ltribley The Economist: “At current rates of procurement it will take seven years to bring America’s ammunition stocks back to where they were before military aid to Ukraine began.”

《经济学人》： “按当前的采购速度，美国恢复到军事援助乌克兰前的弹药库存水平需要七年时间。”

@0Mind-_-Bomb0 While I agree with the general direction of this video in that Russia is out manufacturing the western armaments, anything that Rutte says needs to be taken with a tablespoon of salt. Rutte is prone to propagandistic hyperbole and fearmongering.

虽然我同意这个视频的总体观点，即俄罗斯在武器生产上超越了西方，但任何鲁特说的话都应该谨慎对待。鲁特倾向于宣传过度和制造恐慌。

@MichaelKay-lp3hn What a total, obscene, disgusting waste of money. Stop this damn war. End this catastrophe. What the hell is wrong with people. Build homes. Build hospitals. Build schools.

这完全是可耻、恶心的浪费金钱。停止这场该死的战争，结束这场灾难。人们到底怎么了？建造房屋，建造医院，建造学校。

@user-rv6bs7jb4b Peace costs $0. Just effort, respect and understanding, which seems to be lacking in many parts of the West.

和平的代价是0，只需要努力、尊重和理解，这在西方许多地方似乎缺乏。

@Cathayius-z6y Russia possesses all the essentials raw materials, resources, technological capabilities, military hardwares, and human capital to fight and win a protracted war of attrition with Ukraine plus the US -NATO combined. If not, the 32+1 wouldn't be begging for a ceasefire and/or a peace deal.

俄罗斯拥有所有必需的原材料、资源、技术能力、军事硬件和人力资本，可以与乌克兰以及美-NATO联军进行持久战并获胜。如果没有，32+1就不会在乞求停火和/或和平协议。

@peterman5625 Kevin, some years ago, an European country wanted to defeat Russia and their allies. They sent four million invincible soldiers, four thousand unstoppable tanks, five thousand advanced warplanes and uncountable other weaponry into Russian territory, reaching the front gates of Moscow. The invading army was crushed and puverized. The Russian army turned around and occupied the invader's capital, and the guy who had the crazy idea to defeat Russia ate his own bullet. Now, NATO wants to defeat Russia, the largest country in the world, lacking nothing, and armed with 10,000 nukes, what are they prepared to send this time other than hot air, platitudes and drivel.

凯文，多年前，一个欧洲国家想要打败俄罗斯及其盟友。他们派出了四百万不可战胜的士兵，四千辆不可阻挡的坦克，五千架先进的战机和无数其他武器，进入俄罗斯领土，抵达莫斯科的前门。入侵军队被粉碎，俄罗斯军队转身占领了侵略者的首都，而那个有疯狂想法打败俄罗斯的人，吞下了自己的子弹。现在，北约想要打败俄罗斯——世界上最大的国家，什么都不缺，拥有一万枚核弹，他们准备派出什么，除了空谈、陈词滥调和废话？

@gustavoritter7321 That's exactly what I thought about all this time. Russia faced the toughest (in terms of resilience and morale) European army, about 1 million soldiers expensively equipped by hundreds of billions of dollars and yet... it didn't lose. Imagine if Finland during the Winter War had a fraction of the financial and technological backing Ukraine has today. And yet, Ukraine/NATO didn't win. As much as the Russian army performance was humiliating in the beggining, they quickly adapted and became experts in countering Western systems and all of that for a fraction of cost.

这正是我一直以来的想法。俄罗斯面对的是最坚韧（在韧性和士气方面）的欧洲军队，约100万士兵，装备了数百亿美元的高端武器，但它没有输。想象一下，如果芬兰在冬季战争中有今天乌克兰拥有的一小部分财政和技术支持，结果会怎样。尽管俄罗斯军队一开始表现得很尴尬，但他们很快适应并成为了反制西方系统的专家，而这一切的成本只是西方的零头。

@emersonandriao4342 Yeah those weapon can be used to feed their citizen.. so many homeless in western country n yet western regime causing havoc around the world. One have to ask What is the root cause that make Russia attacked Ukraine.

是啊，这些武器本可以用来养活他们的公民……西方国家有这么多无家可归的人，然而西方政权却在全世界制造灾难。人们不得不问，是什么根本原因导致俄罗斯攻击乌克兰。

@R-Cforever ChyNa has capitalism for its companies (Evergrande just got de-listed) and socialism for the masses. US has socialism for its companies (Tech Broligarchy and Bank bailouts) and capitalism for the masses.

中国对其公司有资本主义（恒大刚刚被退市），对普通大众则实行社会主义。美国对其公司有社会主义（科技寡头和银行救助），对大众则实行资本主义。

@phils4634 The problem is the US Military Industrial Complex is far more interested in profit than capability; those over-complex machines have an equally over-complex (and over-complex) maintenance cost too. Systems that might look shiny for military procurement (who are given "financial encouragement" by the big boys) do not necessarily work that well, especially when being operated in very unpleasant conditions by tired troops. As for N Korea, they have always had a legendary weapons production capacity, and there are a large number of plants there churning out the 155mm shells they, and Russia, use. The US is learning that, in any reasonably extended conflict, logistics wins, not flashy (but limited availability) high tech.

问题在于美国军事工业复合体更关心利润而非能力；那些过于复杂的机器同样也有过于复杂（和高昂）的维护成本。那些看起来光鲜亮丽的系统，可能并不像军方采购时所想的那样有效，尤其是在疲惫的士兵在恶劣环境下操作时。至于朝鲜，他们一直拥有传奇的武器生产能力，那里的许多工厂正在大量生产155毫米炮弹，俄罗斯和他们都在使用。美国正在认识到，在任何较为持久的冲突中，胜负取决于后勤，而不是炫目的（但可用性有限的）高科技。

@Zerpentsa6598 Invest in US military-industrial companies. Better still, be a US politician and make friends with lobbyists from the arms companies. You'll be a millionaire in no time.

投资美国的军事工业公司。更好的是，成为一名美国政治家，和军火公司游说者交朋友。你很快就会成为百万富翁。

@languso13 People work faster with an AK pointed at. Its the difference from the west and Communism. Why dont you say that?

有个AK对着你，工作效率会更高。这就是西方和共产主义的区别。你怎么不说这个？

@thehobojoe The war in Ukraine has so thoroughly demonstrated the failures of the west and neoliberal thought. The best blessing is that its own failures could make peace in our times possible

乌克兰战争彻底展示了西方和新自由主义思想的失败。最好的祝福是，西方自身的失败可能会让我们在这个时代实现和平。

@booneulidan1077 Let's be honest.The comedian in Ukraine is NO match to Putin. Those European and American and NATO leaders has no brains at all !!! Simple things but yet they failed to see and realize the mismatch of a KGB top man against a comedian!!! No way, no point of comparison!!!

说实话，乌克兰的那位喜剧演员根本不是普京的对手。那些欧洲、美国和北约的领导人简直没有脑子！简单的事情却失败了，他们没能看到和意识到一个顶级KGB人物与一个喜剧演员之间的差距！根本无法比较！

@walterbrownstone8017 Can't argue with that title. But why? Conflict of interest is the main reason. The lawyers write the law, interpret the law, and sell the law. And nobody sees the conflict of interest.

这个标题说得没错。但为什么？利益冲突是主要原因。律师们编写法律、解释法律并出售法律，而没有人看到其中的利益冲突。

@agrossfarm The US weapons production is inefficient and overly costly at every stage, from research, design, coordination among service branches, testing, siting production, logistics.... They have problems building factories that work and finding skilled American workers and when they make a significant quantity of an item those items have to be sent to 100s and 100s of bases. And for specialized weapons and parts, like artillery barrels, and ships, there is only one place to build new ones and fix old ones. For example, seldom is more than half the Aircraft carriers seaworthy. Old artillery barrels don't shoot straight.

美国的武器生产在每个阶段都低效且过于昂贵，从研究、设计、各军种间的协调、测试、选址生产、后勤等方面都有问题。他们连建造有效的工厂都做不到，且找不到足够技术熟练的美国工人。当他们生产大量某项物品时，这些物品必须运送到成百上千个基地。而对于特殊武器和零件，如火炮炮管和舰船，只有一个地方可以建造新设备并修复旧设备。例如，几乎从未有超过一半的航母是适航的，旧的火炮炮管也打不准。

What they do produce are designed to have high maintenance costs. The F35, for example, has 8 hours of maintenance for each hour of flight, so that less than 50% of them are available for missions at any one time and Lockheed technicians are the only ones allowed to work on them, at $800 per hour! All this is public information and Congress is happy, like pigs feeding at the trough, because some of this excess spending is in their Districts and there is a steady flow of "campaign contributions" and all-expenses paid junkets available.

他们生产的武器设计上就有高昂的维护成本。例如，F35每飞行一小时需要8小时的维护，因此任何时候可用的F35不到50%，而且只有洛克希德的技术员可以进行维修，费用高达每小时800美元！ 这一切都是公开信息，国会对此乐此不疲，就像猪在食槽里吃东西一样，因为一些过度支出发生在他们的选区，并且有源源不断的“竞选捐款”和全额报销的外出旅游可以获得。

@limitlessbeliefs A large budget doesn’t guarantee results. Efficiency, how resources are used, often matters more than how much money is spent.

庞大的预算并不能保证结果。效率和资源的使用往往比花多少钱更重要。

@zurilift Tbf Russia’s economy is also a lot smaller than Europe and the US so their costs would be lower but the impact is still detrimental. So overall hopefully Russia focuses on more economic integration with BRICS after the war is done and let the Europeans and Americans rot together.

说实话，俄罗斯的经济规模也比欧洲和美国小，所以他们的成本会更低，但这依然造成了不小的影响。所以总体来说，希望俄罗斯在战争结束后更多地关注与金砖国家的经济一体化，让欧洲和美国一起衰败。

@richardgadoury8452 My son works for a well known gun manufacture. I'm an engineer, with a background in manufacturing. The problem with military manufacturing in all NATO countries, is the government bureaucracy. They are more concerned with paperwork than the actual engineering and manufacturing. My mom worked for GECO, during WW2, they made all ammunition for the war effort. Around 23,000 people worked there 98% women. The facilities, 347 acres under roof, were built in 7 months in Etobicoke, Ontario.

我的儿子在一家知名枪械制造商工作。我是工程师，背景是制造业。北约国家军事制造的一个问题是政府的官僚主义。他们更关心文书工作，而不是实际的工程和制造。我的母亲在二战期间曾在GECO工作，他们为战争努力生产了所有的弹药。大约有23,000人在那里工作，其中98%是女性。工厂占地347英亩，建筑在7个月内建成，位于安大略省埃托比科。

@ebadd3468 My profession is in US defense industry, in the last 3 yrs I've watched my industry change drastically. Actually talks about cost cutting, finding ways to get product in the field as fast as possible (its a first for my team!) Thinking outside the box, testing what might work now, not 5 yrs from now! crazy times! Really don't know where this is heading, but I figure I'll be very busy for the next 3-5 yrs.

我在美国国防工业工作，过去三年，我亲眼见证了我的行业发生了巨大变化。实际上，我们在谈论削减成本，找出最快把产品送到战场的方法（这是我团队的首次尝试！）。我们在思考如何跳出常规，现在要测试可能立即有效的东西，而不是五年后的事！疯狂的时代！我不清楚这将走向何方，但我估计接下来的三到五年我会非常忙碌。

@stevepax2809 NATO needs to hire elon musk---he knows more about manufacturing than any human that has ever lived!

北约需要雇佣埃隆·马斯克——他比任何曾经活过的人都懂得制造！

@seeibe Another reason we Europeans can't afford to let Ukraine go down: They out of necessity developed the most cost effective weapons manufacturing of all our allies. Plus the know how of using the weapons. If Ukraine falls there really is nothing stopping Putin from exerting control over all of Europe.

我们欧洲人无法承受乌克兰失败的另一个原因是：乌克兰在必要时开发出了我们所有盟友中最具成本效益的武器制造技术。再加上他们使用这些武器的经验。如果乌克兰失败，实际上没有什么能阻止普京对整个欧洲施加控制。

@_Jax_55 We see how bad inflation is amongst our regular items and services in the US so we can imagine how inflated the worthless shit the Pentagon purchases off the MIC costs!

我们可以看到美国常规商品和服务的通货膨胀情况，因此可以想象五角大楼从军事工业复合体购买的那些无用货物的价格有多虚高！

@Jenny-c9i Unfortunately for this narrative, most of the Russian artillery production is NOT new production, but rather refurbished soviet era ammunition. Furthermore, no accurate comparisons can be made, as the production volumes are tightly guarded, and estimates vary wildly regarding actual Russian production numbers. The most recent estimates of artillery use have indicated the exchange rate has fallen from 10:1, to 1.8:1 in Russian favour, meaning that Russian advantage is rapidly eroding. Not only is Ukraine destroying huge numbers of Russian artillery pieces, but the Russian weapons are simply wearing out, and they are heavily reliant on vast soviet era stockpiles for second hand barrels, which are now rapidly dwindling in number. The Russian industry produces perhaps at best 1 new barrel for every 10 destroyed barrels in Ukraine . Adding to all this is the fact that the EFFECTIVENESS of the weapons is extremely dependant of precise and consistent specification, and the volume of production is NOT the most important factor. The Russian ammunition has drastically higher failure rates, and very often destroys the weapon firing it, and may injure or kill the crew. A serious innacuracy in either the weapon or the ammunition can render it virtually useless in practice, despite a high volume of fire.

对于这个说法，很不幸，大多数俄罗斯的炮兵生产并非新的生产，而是翻修自苏联时代的弹药。此外，无法做出准确的比较，因为生产量被严格保密，关于俄罗斯实际生产数量的估计差异巨大。最新的炮兵使用估计显示，交换比率已经从10:1下降到1.8:1，且对俄罗斯有利，这意味着俄罗斯的优势正在迅速消失。不仅乌克兰摧毁了大量俄罗斯的炮兵装备，而且俄罗斯的武器本身也在快速磨损，他们极度依赖大量的苏联时期库存，二手炮管现在已经在迅速减少。俄罗斯工业可能最多每摧毁10根炮管，才生产出1根新炮管。除此之外，武器的有效性极度依赖于精准和一致的规格，而生产量并不是最重要的因素。俄罗斯的弹药故障率极高，并且经常会摧毁发射武器，可能还会伤害或杀死炮手。无论是武器还是弹药的严重不准确，都可能使其在实际使用中几乎毫无用处，尽管射击量很大。

@donmisener CEO's and Shareholders, that is what the money is going to. Feel safe yet? Can just use those to defend ourselves.

CEO和股东，那就是钱流向的地方。感觉安全了吗？就可以用这些来保护我们自己。

@ajire.janora As a first generation American who did not grow up immersed in our highly effective propaganda, I find it very painful to see us not only falling behind but being stuck in the past unable to see what's happening and thus unable to change our trajectory. Your channel gives me hope that there are some that are paying attention ❤❤❤

作为第一代美国人，我没有在我们极其有效的宣传中成长，看到我们不仅在落后，还陷入过去，无法看到正在发生的事情，从而无法改变我们的轨迹，感到非常痛苦。你的频道给了我希望，至少有一些人在关注❤❤❤

@shirleyupvall9360 Noone should share the knowledge, and let the enemies languish. The bullies had their day, it's time they lost

没人应该分享这些知识，让敌人自生自灭。那些霸凌者的日子已过，是时候让他们失败了。

@MrJonRio All European countries as far as I know made the error of privatising their arms manufacturing at the end of the Cold War. The Russians did not.

据我所知，所有欧洲国家在冷战结束时都犯了一个错误，就是将军火制造业私有化。而俄罗斯没有这么做。

@robwashers what ever is spent on military it will always be 'not enough'. Defence spending as a % of GDP is insane - it just incentivises 'cost plus' procurement.

无论军事上花费多少钱，它总是“远远不够”。国防支出占GDP的比例简直疯狂——这只是激励了“成本加成”的采购方式。

@MM-t7p How ironic capitalism may bring about world peace, that outsourcing comes back to bite ya!

多么讽刺，资本主义可能会带来世界和平，外包反过来成了对你们的惩罚！

@tardusmerula6102 The rapid attrition of gun barrels and their restitution is another as yet unresloved issue for Nato, idustry, and logistics wise..

枪管的快速磨损及其修复问题，仍然是北约、工业和后勤方面未解决的问题。

@puggleski6097 What Russia and NATO both understand is that wars as a phenomenon are perhaps best avoided. And if Russia eats thru the Ukrainian backstop in a hurry ( both cartographically and realistically ) then EU and NATO will have no other option but to sue for peace. And that means Poland, Hungary, the Balkans and the Baltics will go the way of "chopped liver", courtesy the lily livered guttersnipes in Brussels and London.

俄罗斯和北约都明白，战争作为一种现象，也许最好避免。如果俄罗斯迅速突破乌克兰的防线（无论从地图上看还是实际情况），那么欧盟和北约将别无选择，只能求和。 那样的话，波兰、匈牙利、巴尔干和波罗的海国家将成为“切碎的肝脏”，这是布鲁塞尔和伦敦那些胆小鬼们的杰作。