美知乎讨论：为什么印度永远不可能成为一个发达国家？

Frank Zhou Follow
For decades, Europe and America have been advocating the "collapse of China theory". Its core logic is that： the improvement of people's living standards in a backward country will lead to an increase in political participation, ultimately resulting in political instability and collapse.
This logic is correct, but it can only happen in a suitable cultural and political environment. But, this logic will not apply to China, mainly due to： the country's well-established central local political system (after 2000 years of operation and optimization), independently controlled media platforms, absolute ethnic and linguistic identity, and unified recognition.
But we can take a look at the situation in India, which fully conforms to the context of the "collapse of China theory". Therefore, I believe that the “collapse of India theory” is something that will happen in the future.

数十年来，欧美一直鼓吹"中国崩溃论"。其核心逻辑是：落后国家人民生活水平提高后，会导致政治参与度上升，最终引发政治动荡乃至崩溃。
这套逻辑本身正确，但只有在特定文化和政治环境下才会生效。然而中国完全不符合这套逻辑的适用条件，主要归因于：运行两千余年且不断优化的央地政治体系、独立管控的媒体平台、高度统一的民族语言认同、以及全民共识的意识形态。
但我们可以观察印度现状——它完全符合"中国崩溃论"的适用语境。因此我认为，"印度崩溃论"才是未来真正会上演的剧本。

1. A parliamentary system with multi-party struggles, where party interests take precedence over national interests;
2. Under the federal system, princely states with extremely high autonomy have independent legislative and executive powers (such as appointment of officials);
3. Indians are the majority of English speaking media, but they do not control any major online media platforms;
4. There are over 120 official languages and over 1600 dialects, and the constitution stipulates that Hindi is the mother tongue, but its users account for just over 50%;
5. Religious conflicts, ethnic cultures, and perhaps the most diverse country in the world, India's states, have all been colonized by Britain.

1. 多党斗争的议会制政体，政党利益凌驾于国家利益之上；
2. 在联邦制下，拥有极高自治权的土邦享有独立的立法和行政权（如官员任命）；
3. 印度人是英语媒体的主要受众群体，但他们并未掌控任何大型在线媒体平台；
4. 官方语言超过 120 种，方言逾 1600 种，宪法规定印地语为母语，但其使用者占比仅略超 50%；
5. 宗教冲突、民族文化，或许是世界上最多元化的国家——印度各邦都曾被英国殖民统治。

Moa Aier · 6h
Increasingly, many “Indian” states are finding out that it will be far more advantageous to strike out on their own, instead of being conjoined with non-similar states with diametrically opposite interests.
For example, nothern states like Bihar and UP are rabidly pro-Hundi and sees it as their “mother tongue”. But for southern states like Tamil Nadu, Karnataka or Kerala, it's a total foreign language, no different than Greek or Spanish.
US recent 25% or 50% tariffs on India has little impact for the north as they don't have much exports to the US. But it had been devastating for the South.
Pakistan and their issues, LoC and China with McMahon line as dispute, matters not much with the South. They would be happy to do some give and take and settle the issues. But the northern wallah will simply not agree. They are hell bent on a fight high on nationalistic jingoism. But the fact is both LOC and LAC were British creations to keep people in conflict. You can see Thailand-Cambodia conflict because of a French made boundary.

越来越多的"印度"邦发现，与其与利益截然相反、毫无共同之处的邦强行捆绑，不如独立发展更为有利。
例如北方邦和比哈尔邦等北部地区狂热支持印地语，将其视为"母语"。但对于泰米尔纳德邦、卡纳塔克邦或喀拉拉邦等南部地区而言，这完全是门外语，与希腊语或西班牙语无异。
美国近期对印度征收 25%或 50%关税对北方影响甚微，因其对美出口本就不多。但这对于南方地区却是毁灭性打击。
巴基斯坦及其相关问题、控制线与麦克马洪线争端对南方影响不大。他们乐于通过相互妥协解决问题。但北方派系绝不会同意，他们沉溺于民族主义狂热中执意对抗。事实上控制线和实际控制线都是英国人为制造冲突埋下的祸根。看看法国划界造成的泰国-柬埔寨冲突就明白了。

UPSC Wallah Follow
To understand why India will never be a developed country, we must understand some basic rocket technology concepts.
Multistage rockets are spacecraft/satellite launch vehicles that consist of two or more rocket stages, each containing its engines and propellants.
The stages are detached post-launch one after the other until the payload reaches its intended orbit or destination.
Multistage rockets are much more efficient and cost-effective than single-stage rockets,
which have to carry on the dead weight of the rocket, which has outlived its utility.

要理解印度为何永远无法成为发达国家，我们必须先掌握一些基本的火箭技术原理。
多级火箭是由两个或更多火箭级组成的航天器/卫星运载工具，每一级都配备独立的发动机和推进剂。
发射后这些火箭级会依次分离，直到有效载荷进入预定轨道或到达目标位置。
多级火箭比单级火箭效率更高且更具成本效益，
因为单级火箭必须持续承载已完成使命的箭体死重。

The biggest problem of India is that it does not wish to get rid of the dead weights of different kinds, like
Casteism: Indian society is deeply divided on a caste basis, which is a strict hierarchy which can’t be changed. This leads to false caste pride in the upper caste and caste-based reservations to so-called lower castes. No one wants to give away their privilege.
Religious Fanaticism: Though our freedom fighters envisage a secular country, more than 90% of Indians are religious and love their religion and hate others. Secularism has become sickular for the fanatics, and they want to make India a Hindu nation. Ram Mandir and Hinduism are still the most popular political weapon used by the ruling BJP.

印度最大的问题在于不愿摆脱各种沉重的历史包袱，比如：
种姓制度：印度社会被种姓深刻割裂，这种僵化的等级制度无法撼动。它导致高种姓群体产生虚妄的优越感，而所谓的低种姓则依赖预留配额政策。没有人愿意放弃既得特权。
宗教狂热：尽管开国先贤们曾构想建立世俗国家，但超过 90%的印度人笃信宗教，他们热爱自己的信仰却仇视其他宗教。对极端分子而言，世俗主义已沦为"病态世俗主义"，他们企图将印度变成印度教国家。罗摩神庙和印度教主义至今仍是执政党印度人民党最得心应手的政治武器。

False Pride: Most Indians still believe that thousands of years back, India had nuclear and aeroplance technology and that our Vedas have all the scientific knowledge that ever existed or ever can be discovered.
Superstitions and rituals: Indias are highly superstitious, and they lack rational thinking and scientific temper..And, they are very proud of their ignorance. They still believe that marrying frogs will bring rain and doing puja before the satellite launch will please God and give them success.
Corruption: Corruption is deeply rooted in India, and it is almost impossible to get rid of it. Corrupt bureaucrats and politicians are highly respected by the masses, who consider them their role models.
The more India changes, the more it remains the same.
Catseism has transformed into a reservation, which will never allow casteism to die.

虚妄自大：多数印度人仍坚信数千年前印度就拥有核技术与飞行器，认为吠陀经典早已囊括现存及未来可能发现的一切科学知识。
迷信与仪式：印度人极度迷信，缺乏理性思维和科学精神...而且他们为自己的无知感到自豪。他们至今仍相信给青蛙办婚礼能求来雨水，在卫星发射前做法事能取悦神明、获得成功。
腐败：腐败在印度根深蒂固，几乎不可能根除。贪污的官僚和政客受到大众高度尊崇，被视作人生楷模。
印度越是变革，越保持原状。
种姓制度已异化为保留配额制度，这将使种姓歧视永远无法消亡。

Billions of Hindus still believe in the stories of Purans and Indian mythologies, and consider them as history, and consider everyone who try to awaken them from their blind faith as their greatest enemy.
Most Indians may acquire high education, and even get a PhD in science and technology, and yet they can rarely develop a scientific temper and think rationally.
Indians will never discard outdated and false knowledge and pride, and hence, India shall never become a developed nation.
The only way for an Indian to realise their dream of living in a developed nation is to leave India after getting formal education and settle in a developed nation.
If you don't discard India and Indianness, you can never reach to the orbit of a developed mind or live in a developed nation.

十数亿印度教徒仍深信《往世书》和印度神话传说，将其视为真实历史，并将任何试图唤醒他们摆脱盲目信仰的人视为头号敌人。
大多数印度人或许能接受高等教育，甚至获得科技领域的博士学位，却极少能培养科学精神与理性思维。
印度人永远不会摒弃那些过时虚假的知识与傲慢，因此印度永远无法成为发达国家。
印度人若想实现生活在发达国家的梦想，唯一途径就是在完成正规教育后离开印度，定居发达国家。
若不摒弃印度及其民族特性，就永远无法达到发达国家的思维境界，也无法跻身发达国家之列。

Sathyaswamy S · 11mo
Despite all these fundamental problems, some people still say India will be a vishwaguru, superpower etc. It's nothing more than pure comedy gold. Moreover, they love to find faults in more developed countries and say that India is amazing.
Sometimes, I wonder if God cursed India to fail by giving it the worst mentality. Perhaps, KB sir is right about the bad genetics thing.

尽管存在这些根本性问题，仍有人宣称印度将成为"世界导师"、超级大国等等。这简直是无稽之谈。更可笑的是，他们总爱挑发达国家的毛病，却声称印度无比优越。
有时我在想，上帝是否给了印度最糟糕的心态，诅咒它永远无法成功。也许 KB 先生关于劣等基因的说法是对的。

Tanmay Mehta· 11mo
For you religion might be the biggest resistance for a developed India. But it's not the complete truth. In India, More than religion, Almost everything become religion is the biggest hurdle. Cricket, Films, their film stars, politicians and regional comrades (Clan leaders) get a quick God status. Cricket ke bhagwan is Sachin Tendulkar, Social Justice ke bhagwan Ambedkar and Periyar. Once you become perfect nothing can surpasse you otherwise it would be a crime. Other things are Indian Psyche. Few egs. are when people say, Politics is dirty, Nano is lakhtakia, Animation is for kids not adults, Procrastination and so on. It's will a countless list. Also, Indians are not risk taking and daring. These reasons are actual and simple reasons why Indians will never be developed nation. Even if you see the Indian map, you can confidently say, this country will have a tough path.

对你而言，宗教或许是印度发展的最大阻碍。但这并非全部真相。在印度，比宗教更严重的是——几乎一切事物都被神格化，这才是最大的障碍。板球、电影、影星、政客乃至地方领袖（部族头目）都能迅速被捧上神坛：板球之神是萨钦·坦杜卡，社会正义之神是安贝德卡与佩里亚尔。在这里，完美即意味着不可超越，否则就是亵渎。更深层的原因在于印度民族心理：比如人们常说"政治是肮脏的"、"塔塔 Nano 是廉价车"、"动画片是给小孩看的"、拖延症盛行等等，这样的例子不胜枚举。此外，印度人普遍缺乏冒险精神。这些才是印度永远无法成为发达国家的根本原因。即便看看印度地图，你也能断言：这个国家的发展之路注定艰难。

Aishwarya SK· 11mo
Perfectly elaborated. I experience the superstitions from educated family members every day and it scares me to even imagine them around my future child and feeding all the false beliefs.

阐述得非常透彻。我每天都能从受过教育的家庭成员身上感受到迷信思想，光是想象他们围绕在我未来的孩子身边、灌输各种错误观念的场景就让我感到恐惧。

Suraj Raut· 11mo
One addtion to the list- LIberation of Woman, A nation can only progress if woman are liberated from the shackles - Nelson Mandela. Women are stigmatized, discriminated, assualted, prejudiced etc.‘
’

补充一点：女性的解放。一个国家唯有让女性挣脱枷锁才能进步——纳尔逊·曼德拉。女性遭受污名化、歧视、暴力侵害和偏见等不公对待。

Jyotiraditya Girase· 11mo
"MOST Indians still believe that thousands of years back, India had nuclear and aeroplance technology and that our Vedas have all the scientific knowledge that ever existed or ever can be discovered."
Can you please cite any statistic to that end?

"绝大多数印度人至今仍相信，数千年前的印度就拥有核技术与飞行器技术，认为我们的吠陀经典已囊括所有现存或未来可能发现的科学知识。"
能否请您提供相关统计数据来佐证这一观点？

Akhil Kartha· 11mo
Sir, as a person who has travelled to few countries, I cannot agree that the things you mentioned are pulling India back from becoming a developed nation.
US has strong racial issues and there are hell lot of superstitious and extreme religious nut bags; yet they are a developed nation. In US, you will find large number of people who believe alternative medicine, vaccines are dangerous, crystals and many conspiracy theories. Bible Belt region is dominated by strong Protestants who disregard proven scientific theories like evolution.

先生，作为一名曾到访过多个国家的人，我无法认同您所提及的那些因素正在阻碍印度成为发达国家。
美国存在严重的种族问题，还有大量迷信和极端宗教狂热分子，但他们仍是发达国家。在美国，你会发现许多人相信替代疗法、认为疫苗危险、痴迷水晶能量和各种阴谋论。圣经地带被强硬的新教徒主导，他们拒绝接受进化论等已被证实的科学理论。

Similarly unlike what is portrayed, Chinese people are mostly religious despite having a communist government who claim that most are atheists; that’s actually not that true if you visit inland China and make some friends. China has somewhat similar social issues as that of India. They may not be considered developed country; yet if you visit Shanghai or Shenzen, it is not less than any developed city.
In short most people are mostly dumb in any country or region. It is the government that pushes the nation forward into development.
So we are to question the government and government policies to make India developed, instead of blaming everything on people. People are stupid, it doesn’t matter much as long as the government is serious enough.

同样与表面宣传不同，尽管***政府声称其多数人是无神论者，但中国民众大多有宗教信仰——如果你深入中国内陆结交朋友就会发现事实并非如此。中国存在与印度类似的社会问题。他们或许不被视为发达国家，但若你造访上海或深圳，这些城市完全不逊色于任何发达都市。
简而言之，任何国家或地区的大部分民众本质上都不够明智。推动国家向前发展的核心力量是政府。
因此我们应当通过质疑政府和政策来促使印度发展，而非将一切归咎于人民。民众愚昧并不重要，只要政府足够认真作为。

Himanshu Patel · 11mo
“US has strong racial issues and there are hell lot of superstitious and extreme religious nut bags;”
That is a baseless statement without any evidence. USA has 340 million people with all sorts of mixed bag.
Compared to India, USA has almost no superstitious people. Religious nut bags are probably 5%. People with conspiracy theory can’t create the companies like Microsoft and Apple. Go and search “Top innovation by US” or visit MIT and Caltech museums. You will see what they are up to.
They have the top 50 companies in the world.

“美国有严重的种族问题，而且有大量迷信和极端宗教狂热分子；”
那是一个没有任何证据的无根据的说法。美国有 3.4 亿人口，各种各样的人都有。
与印度相比，美国几乎没有迷信的人，宗教狂热者大概只有 5%。抱有阴谋论的人无法创造出像微软和苹果这样的公司。去搜索“美国的顶尖创新”或者参观麻省理工学院和加州理工学院的博物馆。你就会看到他们在做什么。
他们拥有全球前 50 名的公司。

Nazim Shirur· 9mo
I have travelled and lived in many developed countries except China and Japan. Yes people in US/UK are superstitious but that is mostly older generations again even they do not hamper or come in the way of development. They are a minority and at any launch of space craft ministers are not involved no lemon ( Neembu) or Pumpkin is crushed no bible is read. It is the chief of the mission that presses the button if a button is to be pressed science and research is independent of any government or private influence. Research funds are not pocketed not wasted

我去过并在许多发达国家旅行与生活过，除了中国和日本。是的，美国/英国的人们有迷信观念，但那主要是老一辈人的事，而且即便如此也不会妨碍或阻碍发展。他们是少数，在任何航天器发射时，部长们不会参与，不会碾碎柠檬或南瓜，也不会宣读圣经。如果要按下按钮，按下它的是任务负责人，科学与研究独立于任何政府或私人影响。研究经费不会被私吞也不会被浪费。

Tushar Chatterjee · 8mo
You made some valid points but not accurately.
Proportions matter
In US, there are people who are racists, who are religious and even superstitious. However the proportions are not as large as India or Muslim countries
I lived in China for some time - Chinese are not religious. I think you are confusing superstition with religion. All the superstition in China is connected to making money. I have been to hinterlands of China, they are similar to India in many aspects, you are right about that

你提出了一些有道理的观点，但并不准确。
比例很重要。
在美国，有人是种族主义者、虔诚信徒甚至迷信者。但这些人所占比例没有印度或穆斯林国家那么高。
我在中国住过一段时间——中国人不信宗教。我想你把迷信和宗教混为一谈了。中国的所有迷信都与赚钱有关。我去过中国的内地，在很多方面它们与印度相似，你说得没错。

Chopin Spring Waltz· 11mo
Rahul ji has said that no dalit woman has become Miss India, I think Rahul ji should have also questioned how many Bollywood stars are dalit or adivasi, how many top cricketers are dalit or adivasi. Time has come that in every profession reservation should be allowed, doctors, judges, soldier, entertainers, law makers, PM, CM.
We need a Indian equivalent of DEI

Rahul ji先生说过没有达利特女性获得过印度小姐头衔，我认为Rahul ji先生还应该质问有多少宝莱坞明星是达利特或原住民，有多少顶级板球运动员是达利特或原住民。现在是时候在每个职业中都允许保留名额了：医生、法官、士兵、艺人、立法者、总理、邦首席部长。
我们需要一个印度版的多样性、公平与包容（DEI）。

Thomas Klang· 11mo
Most of the time they are more busy in doing poojas and going to the temple rather than doing the work. Let them stop throwing all those money in Tirupathi temples and gold ganeshas and doing poojas daily and all this Vedic astrology and stop throwing dirt in the streets and keep the country clean. India will be a developed nation.

大多数时候，他们更忙于做礼拜和去庙里，而不是做实事。让他们别再把钱扔到提鲁帕蒂的庙里、别再买金色的迦尼萨像、别天天做这些礼拜和吠陀占星术，也别把垃圾丢在街上，保持国家清洁。印度就会成为发达国家。

Rox · 10mo
Hats off to this amazing answer, each and every word is true. When I moved to Australia, then I realised what a country and its people should be like. We in India live in our own bubble of ego and don’t want to be corrected and grow. We even lack basic simple etiquettes with others, can be corrected by anyone. Very well written, you can’t correct what you don’t acknowledge.

向这位了不起的回答致敬，每一句话都是真实的。当我移居澳大利亚后，我才明白一个国家及其人民应该是什么样子。我们在印度生活在自我膨胀的泡沫中，不愿被纠正和成长。我们甚至缺乏与他人相处的基本礼仪，任何人都可以指出并纠正。写得很好，不承认的东西是无法被纠正的。

Kamidi Muralidhar · 11mo
This is only partly true.
On the whole, the superstitious, casteist, corrupt, past-worshipping generation is dying out. The youth of the country is forced to live in the present and experience it firsthand. So, they know and understand our weaknesses.
This is a generation that is slowly moving away from caste, superstition, corruption and false pride (though not fast enough for my taste).
I have seen changes from my parents’ generation, to my own, to that of my students — and I am convinced that, on the average, my students are living in a less casteist, less corrupt and less superstitious India. It is good to know they hold the future and not their parents.

这只是部分正确。
总体上，那些迷信、种姓歧视、腐败、崇拜过去的一代正在消亡。这个国家的年轻人被迫生活在当下并亲身体验现实。因此，他们知道并理解我们的弱点。
这是一个正在慢慢远离种姓、迷信、腐败和虚假自豪感的一代（尽管在我看来速度还不够快）。
我见证了从我父母那代到我自己，再到我的学生那代的变化——我相信，总的来说，我的学生生活在一个种姓歧视更少、腐败更少、迷信更少的印度。知道未来掌握在他们手中而不是他们父辈手里，这让人感到欣慰。

Babila Paul· 11mo
This is the perfect reply. This government is not interested in getting rid of some of the points you mentioned because that will play with vote bank.
By harping morning evening that we are going to become developed nation it doesn't work like that, government must honestly work towards to shun the casteism and politics of religion which they will not do hence we will be what we are now.

这是最恰当的回应。这个政府并不愿意取消你提到的一些措施，因为那会影响他们的选票基础。
整天叨念着我们要成为发达国家并不起作用，政府必须真诚地努力消除种姓主义和以宗教为政治手段的做法，但他们不会这样做，因此我们将继续保持现在的样子。

Rohit Adipuredath· 9mo
Two very important factors you missed out here are:The jugaad mentality 、The weak judiciary
The jugaad mentality makes us accept substandard quality in every aspect of life. Be it road quality (corruption causes it while jugaad mentality lets it run in continuity), quality of work, manufacturing etc
A weak judiciary ensures that there's no fear of disrespecting the laws and so the jugaad conduct worsens in quality. It's a perpetual cycle. In developed countries it's the fear and efficiency of law which ensures that some amount of discipline is maintained while the good citizens continue to improve upon the civic sense.

你在这里遗漏了两个非常重要的因素：应付了事的心态、薄弱的司法系统。
应付了事的心态让我们在生活的各个方面都接受次等的质量。无论是道路质量（腐败导致其恶化，而应付了事的心态让这种状况持续）、工作质量、制造业等。
薄弱的司法系统确保了人们不怕藐视法律，因此应付了事的行为在质量上进一步恶化。这是一个持续的循环。在发达国家，正是对法律的畏惧和法律的高效保证了一定程度的纪律得以维持，同时良好的公民继续提升市民意识。

Veena Sehgal · 8mo
I am not that pessimistic. Our education system is British legacy. As we are adopting newer education system with stress on rational and logical thinking. Coming generation is questioning castes and religious beliefs. Our new generation has access to read and follow the western philosophers of modern times. Our masses are very poor and have no time to read or understand atheism, mythology or science. They all are busy earning their livelihood. After few years they all will do what other developed society is doing. I am sure, all the loads indians are carrying will drop and trajectory will be faster.

我并不是那么悲观。我们的教育体系是英国的遗产。随着我们采用更注重理性和逻辑思维的新教育体系，下一代开始质疑种姓和宗教信仰。我们的新一代能够接触并阅读现代西方哲学家的著作。我们的民众非常贫穷，没时间去阅读或理解无神论、神话或科学，他们都忙于谋生。几年后，他们都会像其他发达社会那样行事。我相信，印度人所背负的一切负担都会卸下，发展轨迹也会加快。

Deepak Kiran· 7mo
“If you don't discard India and Indianness, you can never reach to the orbit of a developed mind or live in a developed nation.”. This line hits hard
While you have addressed the social issues, that are dragging back development. There is one thing that you probably missed to add, and in my view could put us on a path. It’s about manufacturing. We need to start small scale, big scale, and all scale manufacturing. We don’t need 70% of the population in agriculture. We need to use them in manufacturing. This way when we uplift the poor to the middle and middle to upper middle class, we will slowly put the nation in track.

“如果你不摒弃印度及印度性，你永远无法达到发达心智的轨道或生活在一个发达国家。”这句话令人震撼
虽然你已经提到了那些拖累发展的社会问题，但有一件事你可能没写到，在我看来这件事可能会把我们引上正轨。那就是制造业。我们需要从小规模、大规模以及各种规模的制造业都做起。我们不需要 70%的人口从事农业。我们需要把他们投入到制造业中。通过这种方式，当我们把穷人提升到中产阶级、把中产提升到中上层时，我们就会慢慢把国家带回正轨。

Adarsh Reddy· Feb 3
Wow amazing to see everyone jumping on the bandwagon of “let’s criticize India”. Tell me guys
Which other country in the world is so diverse, so multi cultural, 1000+ languages spoken, at least 30 major languages?
Which other major nation got independence just 75 years back?
Which other country had its resources continuously looted by multiple invaders over the course of centuries?
Which other country was a collection of so many princely states?
Which other country was always tolerant of so many religions?

哇，看到大家都加入“来批评印度吧”的队伍真是太惊人了。告诉我，伙计们。
世界上还有哪个国家像印度那样如此多样，如此多元文化，有 1000 多种语言在使用，至少 30 种主要语言？
还有哪个主要国家是在 75 年前才获得独立的？
还有哪个国家的资源在几个世纪里被多次入侵者不断掠夺？
还有哪个国家曾由如此多的王公诸侯国组成？
还有哪个国家一直对如此多的宗教宽容？

Which other country had such a big percentage of oppressed people by centuries of Feudalism?
It has become a fad in recent times to criticize our founding fathers. People tend to easily forget that in spite of all the above challenges, they have managed to keep the nation united and pave the way for it to become a world power in the future. It could have so easily splintered into multiple nations along linguistic lines.
Our constitution captures the essence, the idea of India over the centuries. We were so behind in the race and so crippled and yet managed to come this far.
I know that despite of all the above comments and criticisms, and all the frustrations with India’s many shortcomings and the rigors of daily life, inside your hearts and in your minds you all have unwavering loyalty and deep love towards your country and you hope for it to get better.
Awdhesh Singh Saab, probably you and me may never see it happen in our lifetimes, but I have no doubt that India will be a developed nation, if not in 50 then 100 years from now. And your cute rocket analogy and your words will be proven WRONG.
Jai Hind!!

还有哪个国家有如此高比例的人口被数百年的封建制度压迫？
近年来批评我们的国父们已成一种流行。人们往往轻易忘记，尽管面对上述种种挑战，他们还是设法保持了国家的统一，并为其将来成为世界强国铺平了道路。国家本可以沿语言界限轻易分裂成多个国家。
我们的宪法捕捉了几个世纪以来“印度”这一理念的精髓。我们在竞争中落后、如此残缺不全，却仍然设法走到今天。
我知道，尽管有上述所有评论和批评，尽管对于印度的诸多不足和日常生活的艰辛感到沮丧，但在你们内心深处和思想中，你们都对自己的国家怀有坚定不移的忠诚和深厚的爱，并希望它变得更好。
Awdhesh Singh Saab，或许你我这一生都不会看到它发生，但我毫不怀疑印度终将成为一个发达国家，即便不是在 50 年内，也会在 100 年后实现。你那可爱的火箭类比和你的话将被证明是错误的。
印度万岁！！

Sujatha ViswanathanFollow
India will never be a developed country because of the following reasons.
Overpopulation : All of us know this bitter truth but will not admit it. Nor will any steps be undertaken to arrest this dangerous trend.
Corruption : We all are complicit in this. It goes against the idea of progress.
State neglect : All parties in power can proudly claim this in common. Fuel prices are hovering around Rs.110 mark, wonder when it will touch Rs.200 mark.
No focus on human development : Be it education, healthcare or job creation, India has never viewed this as an important vehicle of progress. A few CEO’s of Indian origin from IIT’s doesn't mean that Indian education is competitive.
Religion, language and caste politics : Everybody is complicit in this. The party promising the most freebies wins. People ae killed simply because they dated/married someone from another caste/religion.
Lack of civic sense : Public behaviour is not enforced strictly in India. A few pictures below speak volumes about our mentality.

由于以下原因，印度永远无法成为发达国家。
人口过剩：我们都心知肚明这个残酷事实，却不愿承认。也没有任何措施来遏制这种危险趋势。
腐败：我们每个人都难辞其咎。这与进步的理念背道而驰。
政府失职：所有执政党都可以自豪地宣称这是他们的共同点。燃油价格徘徊在 110 卢比左右，不知道什么时候会触及 200 卢比大关。
不重视人的发展：无论是教育、医疗还是就业机会创造，印度从未将这些视为进步的重要推动力。少数几位来自印度理工学院的印裔 CEO 并不意味着印度教育具有竞争力。
宗教、语言和种姓政治：每个人都深陷其中。承诺最多免费赠品的政党就能获胜。人们仅仅因为与不同种姓/宗教的人恋爱或结婚就被杀害。
公民意识缺失：印度的公共行为缺乏严格约束。下面几张图片充分说明了我们的心态。


A broken window pane of Tejas Express between Chennai and Madurai barely a month after it was launched

开通不到一个月的金奈至马杜赖特快列车车窗玻璃就已破损


Paan stains in Kashi on the ghats of the Ganga

喀什的恒河阶梯上的槟榔污渍


A familiar sight in every part of India

印度各地司空见惯的景象

7. Declining participation of women in the workforce : Increased sexual violence against women and children and a declining sex ratio in favor of men adversely impact the economic contribution of women in the economy and hence, development.
8. Blind worship of celebrities, be it sportspersons, movie actors, politicians
9. Living in the past : Most Indians still dream about the glory days of yore when our country was called “the golden bird”. Blame all our societal evils on the invaders and colonizers. We were independent kingdoms fighting with each other in ancient times. Our individual armies were weak which enabled outsiders to invade us. That is the painful lesson from history we have still not learnt.

7. 女性劳动力参与率持续下降：针对妇女儿童的性暴力事件增加及性别比例持续向男性倾斜，对女性经济贡献产生负面影响，进而阻碍发展。
8. 对名流的盲目崇拜，无论是运动员、电影演员还是政客。
9. 沉湎往昔荣光：多数印度人仍沉醉于"黄金鸟"时代的辉煌旧梦，将一切社会弊病归咎于侵略者与殖民者。殊不知古时我们本就是相互征战的独立王国，羸弱的军队才让外敌有机可乘——这个惨痛的历史教训至今未被汲取。

10. Living in denial : Save for a tiny few, most Indians actually believe that without correcting the deep rooted problems in our mindset and society, we are well on our way to becoming a developed country. India’s per capita GDP is lesser than Bangladesh now and we have fallen down 7 places in the Global Hunger Index. This should show a mirror to where we stand. But these reports are trashed and rubbished as “Western conspiracy” to defame India.
Edit : Appreciate the upvotes. I wanted to add a few more points.
11. Rejection of capitalism : Impoverished India in 1947 rejected wealth building capitalism for socialism and has paid a heavy price. We hate wealthy people labelling them as “evil” by default. Without the private sector, would India have achieved even a fraction of anything since 1991? Everyone envies China now, without realizing the massive role capitalism induced manufacturing did to their economy in 30 years.

10. 拒绝面对现实：除极少数人外，大多数印度民众坚信无需改变根深蒂固的思维与社会顽疾，我们就能自然跻身发达国家之列。如今印度人均 GDP 已低于孟加拉国，全球饥饿指数排名更下滑 7 位，这些本该成为照见现状的明镜。但此类报告总被斥为"西方抹黑印度的阴谋"而遭弃若敝屣。
编辑说明：感谢各位点赞。在此补充几点看法。
11. 对资本主义的排斥：1947 年贫穷的印度选择放弃创造财富的资本主义而拥抱社会主义，为此付出了沉重代价。我们仇视富人，默认给他们贴上"邪恶"标签。若没有私营部门，1991 年后的印度能取得哪怕一丁点成就吗？如今人人都羡慕中国，却忽视了三十年来资本主义驱动的制造业对其经济的巨大贡献。

12. Security concerns : Despite the presence of the Naxal Corridor and surrounded by countries that hate our very existence, only threadbare measures have been undertaken to address these issues from the bottom up. We aren’t lucky to have a neighborhood like Scandinavian countries or Switzerland/ Luxembourg that are largely neutral/peaceful.
13. A glaring example of state neglect, Tamilnadu has been facing a torrential downpour for a few days now. In my hometown Chennai, there is intense flooding everywhere. This could have been avoided if the second oldest municipality corporation in the world, GCC(Greater Chennai Corporation) had desilted lakes and removed encroachments in the city’s waterbodies especially after the 2015 floods.
There is an old saying., “Yatha praja, thatha raja”, as in a nation gets a leader just like its people.
Rings true for our country.

12. 安全隐患问题：尽管面临纳萨尔走廊的威胁，又被敌视我们存在的国家包围，印度却只采取了最基本的应对措施。我们不像斯堪的纳维亚国家或瑞士/卢森堡那样幸运，能拥有基本保持中立/和平的周边环境。
13. 政府失职的典型案例：泰米尔纳德邦连日遭遇暴雨袭击。在我的家乡金奈，到处都遭受严重洪涝。如果全球历史第二悠久的市政机构——大金奈市政公司能在 2015 年洪灾后及时疏浚湖泊并清理城市水体的违章建筑，这场灾难本可避免。
俗话说，"有什么样的人民，就有什么样的统治者"。
这句话在我们国家同样适用。