在签署新的K2协议后，波兰将拥有比英国、德国、法国和意大利加起来还要多的坦克
Poland to have more tanks than UK, Germany, France and Italy combined after signing new K2 deal
译文简介
“我确实对这种花费有一种不好的感觉，当你看现代战争时，坦克更像是战场上的自助餐，而不是稻草人，它们充其量只能在特定的情况下发挥作用。”
正文翻译
Poland to have more tanks than UK, Germany, France and Italy combined after signing new K2 deal
在签署新的K2协议后，波兰将拥有比英国、德国、法国和意大利加起来还要多的坦克
新闻：
Poland has signed a $6.7 billion (25.1 billion zloty) deal to buy an additional 180 South Korean K2 tanks, including 61 that will be made in Poland itself.
波兰签署了一项价值67亿美元（251亿兹罗提）的协议，购买180辆韩国K2坦克，其中61辆将在波兰制造。
The purchase marks the latest stage in Poland’s rapid recent military expansion. Once the agreement is completed by 2030, Poland will operate around 1,100 tanks, which is more than Germany, France, the UK and Italy combined.
此次采购标志着波兰近期快速军事扩张的最新阶段。一旦该协议在2030年完成，波兰将拥有约1100辆坦克，这比德国、法国、英国和意大利的总和还要多。
Poland began to buy K2 tanks from South Korea in 2022 under the former Law and Justice (PiS) government, with the first units beginning to arrive in December that year.
在前法律与正义党政府的领导下，波兰于2022年开始从韩国购买K2坦克，第一批坦克于当年12月开始抵达。
The new contract includes 180 tanks, 81 support vehicles, a logistics package, training, a full service and repair programme, and a technology transfer provision.
新合同包括180辆坦克、81辆支援车辆、后勤包、培训、全面服务和维修计划以及技术转让条款。
“Poland is gaining the capacity to produce the tanks,” said defence minister Władysław Kosiniak-Kamysz at the signing ceremony in Gliwice, confirming that 61 of the units will be produced at the Bumar-Łabędy plant, where the deal was finalised.
“波兰正在获得生产这种坦克的能力，”国防部长Władysław Kosiniak-Kamysz在格列维茨的签字仪式上说，并确认其中61辆坦克将在Bumar-Łabędy工厂生产，即该协议的完成地。
The signing comes nearly a year later than initially planned. Kosiniak-Kamysz acknowledged the delay, saying the talks were lengthy but ultimately resulted in “much better financial conditions than if we had signed this deal last year”.
签署比最初计划晚了将近一年。Kosiniak-Kamysz承认推迟了谈判，他表示，谈判时间很长，但最终达成了“比去年签署协议时好得多的财务状况”。
Rzeczpospolita, a leading Polish daily, notes that today’s announcement means Poland will have over 950 modern tanks by 2030 – including 360 K2s, 366 American Abrams and 235 German Leopards. When combined with its 150 PT-91 Twardy tanks made in Poland in the 1990s, that brings the total to over 1,100.
波兰主要日报《共和报》指出，今天的声明意味着波兰到2030年将拥有超过950辆现代坦克，其中包括360辆K2， 366辆美国艾布拉姆斯和235辆德国豹。加上上世纪90年代在波兰制造的150辆PT-91“瓦尔迪”坦克，总数超过1100辆。
By comparison, Germany, France, Italy and the UK have a combined total of under 950 tanks, according to Global Firepower, which collates data on the strength of military forces. Among them, only Germany is actively pursuing expansion of its armoured forces, reports Rzeczpospolita.
相比之下，根据整理了有关军事力量数据的“全球火力”，德国、法国、意大利和英国总共拥有不到950辆坦克。据《共和报》报道，在这些国家中，只有德国正在积极扩大其装甲部队。
Within NATO, Turkey (2,238) and Greece (1,344) have more tanks. However, many of those are decades old, notes Rzeczpospolita, and the high numbers reflect tensions between Ankara and Athens but have little impact on NATO’s eastern flank.
在北约内部，土耳其（2238辆）和希腊（1344辆）拥有更多的坦克。然而，《共和报》指出，其中许多都有几十年的车龄，高数字反映了安卡拉和雅典之间的紧张关系，但对北约东翼的影响不大。
Since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Poland has embarked on an unprecedented military spending spree. It has increased its defence budget to 4.7% of GDP this year, by far the highest relative level in NATO.
自2022年俄罗斯全面入侵乌克兰以来，波兰开始了前所未有的军费开支狂欢。它今年的国防预算已经增加到GDP的4.7%，是北约成员国中相对最高的。
Poland has made substantial purchases from South Korea, including K239 Chunmoo rocket artillery launchers, FA-50 light combat aircraft, and K9 self-propelled howitzers.
波兰已经从韩国购买了大量产品，包括K239“天舞”火箭炮发射器、FA-50轻型战斗机和K9自行榴弹炮。
A major portion of the defence spending has also gone to US producers. Beyond Abrams tanks, Poland also signed deals for Apache helicopters, HIMARS artillery launchers, Patriot missile defence systems, and radar reconnaissance airships.
国防开支的很大一部分也流向了美国生产商。除了艾布拉姆斯坦克，波兰还签署了阿帕奇直升机、海马斯火箭炮、爱国者导弹防御系统和雷达侦察飞艇的协议。
在签署新的K2协议后，波兰将拥有比英国、德国、法国和意大利加起来还要多的坦克
新闻：
Poland has signed a $6.7 billion (25.1 billion zloty) deal to buy an additional 180 South Korean K2 tanks, including 61 that will be made in Poland itself.
波兰签署了一项价值67亿美元（251亿兹罗提）的协议，购买180辆韩国K2坦克，其中61辆将在波兰制造。
The purchase marks the latest stage in Poland’s rapid recent military expansion. Once the agreement is completed by 2030, Poland will operate around 1,100 tanks, which is more than Germany, France, the UK and Italy combined.
此次采购标志着波兰近期快速军事扩张的最新阶段。一旦该协议在2030年完成，波兰将拥有约1100辆坦克，这比德国、法国、英国和意大利的总和还要多。
Poland began to buy K2 tanks from South Korea in 2022 under the former Law and Justice (PiS) government, with the first units beginning to arrive in December that year.
在前法律与正义党政府的领导下，波兰于2022年开始从韩国购买K2坦克，第一批坦克于当年12月开始抵达。
The new contract includes 180 tanks, 81 support vehicles, a logistics package, training, a full service and repair programme, and a technology transfer provision.
新合同包括180辆坦克、81辆支援车辆、后勤包、培训、全面服务和维修计划以及技术转让条款。
“Poland is gaining the capacity to produce the tanks,” said defence minister Władysław Kosiniak-Kamysz at the signing ceremony in Gliwice, confirming that 61 of the units will be produced at the Bumar-Łabędy plant, where the deal was finalised.
“波兰正在获得生产这种坦克的能力，”国防部长Władysław Kosiniak-Kamysz在格列维茨的签字仪式上说，并确认其中61辆坦克将在Bumar-Łabędy工厂生产，即该协议的完成地。
The signing comes nearly a year later than initially planned. Kosiniak-Kamysz acknowledged the delay, saying the talks were lengthy but ultimately resulted in “much better financial conditions than if we had signed this deal last year”.
签署比最初计划晚了将近一年。Kosiniak-Kamysz承认推迟了谈判，他表示，谈判时间很长，但最终达成了“比去年签署协议时好得多的财务状况”。
Rzeczpospolita, a leading Polish daily, notes that today’s announcement means Poland will have over 950 modern tanks by 2030 – including 360 K2s, 366 American Abrams and 235 German Leopards. When combined with its 150 PT-91 Twardy tanks made in Poland in the 1990s, that brings the total to over 1,100.
波兰主要日报《共和报》指出，今天的声明意味着波兰到2030年将拥有超过950辆现代坦克，其中包括360辆K2， 366辆美国艾布拉姆斯和235辆德国豹。加上上世纪90年代在波兰制造的150辆PT-91“瓦尔迪”坦克，总数超过1100辆。
By comparison, Germany, France, Italy and the UK have a combined total of under 950 tanks, according to Global Firepower, which collates data on the strength of military forces. Among them, only Germany is actively pursuing expansion of its armoured forces, reports Rzeczpospolita.
相比之下，根据整理了有关军事力量数据的“全球火力”，德国、法国、意大利和英国总共拥有不到950辆坦克。据《共和报》报道，在这些国家中，只有德国正在积极扩大其装甲部队。
Within NATO, Turkey (2,238) and Greece (1,344) have more tanks. However, many of those are decades old, notes Rzeczpospolita, and the high numbers reflect tensions between Ankara and Athens but have little impact on NATO’s eastern flank.
在北约内部，土耳其（2238辆）和希腊（1344辆）拥有更多的坦克。然而，《共和报》指出，其中许多都有几十年的车龄，高数字反映了安卡拉和雅典之间的紧张关系，但对北约东翼的影响不大。
Since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Poland has embarked on an unprecedented military spending spree. It has increased its defence budget to 4.7% of GDP this year, by far the highest relative level in NATO.
自2022年俄罗斯全面入侵乌克兰以来，波兰开始了前所未有的军费开支狂欢。它今年的国防预算已经增加到GDP的4.7%，是北约成员国中相对最高的。
Poland has made substantial purchases from South Korea, including K239 Chunmoo rocket artillery launchers, FA-50 light combat aircraft, and K9 self-propelled howitzers.
波兰已经从韩国购买了大量产品，包括K239“天舞”火箭炮发射器、FA-50轻型战斗机和K9自行榴弹炮。
A major portion of the defence spending has also gone to US producers. Beyond Abrams tanks, Poland also signed deals for Apache helicopters, HIMARS artillery launchers, Patriot missile defence systems, and radar reconnaissance airships.
国防开支的很大一部分也流向了美国生产商。除了艾布拉姆斯坦克，波兰还签署了阿帕奇直升机、海马斯火箭炮、爱国者导弹防御系统和雷达侦察飞艇的协议。
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So a large country situated on a flat plain is going to have a lot of tanks. Yes, that makes sense.
所以一个位于平原上的大国会有很多坦克。是的，有意义。
Valuable_Calendar_79
Yes that makes sense. That is why Netherlands should spend 40 to 50 % of its defence budget on the Navy instead of building a land army. Let Poland, Germany, Czech and Ukraine defend the European landborders. Northsea and Atlantic is for UK, Netherlands, German and Norwegian Navy's
是的，这很有意义。这就是为什么荷兰应该把国防预算的40%到50%花在海军上，而不是建设陆军。让波兰、德国、捷克和乌克兰保卫欧洲的陆地边界吧。北海和大西洋是为英国、荷兰、德国和挪威海军准备的
DutchPackwhere clogs are sexy
Absolutely agree. And another 40% should be spent on the air force. Fighters, bombers and fuelers. Turn NL in a massive air base that can provide cover, support and strike opportunities to landforces in Poland and Germany
绝对赞同。另外40%应该花在空军上。战斗机、轰炸机和加油机。把荷兰变成一个能为波兰和德国的陆地部队提供掩护、支援和打击机会的庞大的空军基地
AlfredsChildEngland
There's nothing wrong with the UK and the Netherlands disproportionately investing in the navy and air force because of the North Sea and because of our overseas territories. But to be clear, a war with Russia will predominantly be a land war. Not investing considerably into the army is a convenience of distance, any realistic threat-assessment of Russia to Eastern Europe necessitates investment in tanks and other land-based machines of war. That is, anyway, if Western NATO states are entirely committed to the concept of Article 5 applying to Eastern Europe.
由于北海和我们的海外领土，英国和荷兰不成比例地投资海军和空军并没有错。但需要明确的是，与俄罗斯的战争将主要是一场陆战。没有在陆军上投入大量资金是距离带来的便利，任何对俄罗斯对东欧的现实威胁评估都需要在坦克和其他陆基战争机器上投入资金。不管怎样，前提是北约西部国家完全致力于将第5条款适用于东欧的概念。
Caspi7South Holland (Netherlands)
A war with Russia will also not be fought by just one nation, if we are talking in the context of western countries. It will be NATO/EU vs Russia not just the Netherlands or the UK. So knowing that, it's way more acceptable for countries to specialize. In fact, if done properly you will get a force more effective and efficient than a couple dozen different nations doing a bit of this and a bit of that.
Plus if it ever gets to it, China will have a huge navy...
如果我们在西方国家的背景下谈论，与俄罗斯的战争也不会仅仅由一个国家来打。这将是北约/欧盟 VS俄罗斯，而不仅仅是荷兰或英国。因此，了解了这一点，各国更容易接受专业化。事实上，如果做得好，你会得到一支比几十个不同国家各自为战更有效的军队。
另外，如果真的到了那一天，中国将拥有一支庞大的海军…
SenpaiBunssScotland
they kind of need it. poland is investing a shit ton into land forces, a little into airforce, and basically nothing into navy. that makes sense for their strategic interests, given that they share a land border with both russia and belarus, and don't have a massive coastline.
the UK is investing a shit ton into navy, a little into airforce, and basically nothing into army. this makes sense for the uk - it's in a safe geographic position, and is an island nation with a massive coastline in a strategic position.
他们有点需要它。波兰在陆地部队上投入了大量资金，在空军上投入了一点点，在海军上基本上没有投资。考虑到他们与俄罗斯和白俄罗斯共享陆地边界，而且没有漫长的海岸线，这对他们的战略利益是有意义的。
英国在海军上投入了大量资金，在空军上投入了一点点，而在陆军上基本没有投入。这对英国来说是有道理的——它处于一个安全的地理位置，而且是一个处于战略地位的拥有广阔海岸线的岛国。
Leandrys
I do have a bad feeling about this kind of spending, when you look at modern warfare, tanks are more of free meals than scarecrows over the battlefield, at best they can be useful in very situational conditions.
Meanwhile, we're clearly lacking massive lines of production for drones and specific defences. France for example is extremely poor in this domain.
If you lose 15/20 tanks per days while using them intensively, if not 40/50, 1000 tanks are worth a few weeks at best of warfare. And Russia definitely had enough light stuff to overwhelm air defenses and strike where and when they want anything not too far away from the battle.
I don't know. It feels like "Maginot Line 2 : Cyrillic Boogaloo", more than anything else. That's never gonna scare anybody.
我确实对这种花费有一种不好的感觉，当你看现代战争时，坦克更像是战场上的自助餐，而不是稻草人，它们充其量只能在特定的情况下发挥作用。
与此同时，我们显然缺乏大规模的无人机和特定国防生产线。以法国为例，它在这一领域非常薄弱。
如果你每天损失15/20辆坦克（如果不是40/50辆的话），1000辆坦克最多也就几个星期。俄罗斯绝对有足够的轻型玩意（小无人机）来压倒防空部队，并在他们想要的地方和时间打击离战场不远的任何东西。
我不知道。感觉就像《马其诺2.0：西里尔的布加洛》。那不会吓到任何人的。
Life-Card-1607
France doesn't need a lot of tanks. If Russian tanks arrive in France they will face nukes.
法国不需要很多坦克。如果俄罗斯坦克推到法国，他们将面临核武器。
TheIncredibleHeinz
If you're in NATO the deal is you're not only defending your own country but allies as well. In case of an invasion of a NATO country, France is expected to mobilise and send its tanks to the East and not sit back at the Atlantic coast until the enemy reaches its borders.
如果你加入北约，你不仅要保护自己的国家，还要保护盟友。在北约国家遭到入侵的情况下，预计法国将动员并向东部派遣坦克，而不是在大西洋沿岸坐等敌人推到其边界。
guille9
I don't understand downvoting this comment, if France has nukes is to avoid being invaded by another country. If Russia gets there and starts winning land France will use their nukes even if Russia is using conventional weapons, according to their nuclear doctrine.
我不理解有人踩这个评论，如果法国拥有核武器是为了避免被另一个国家入侵。根据他们的核学说，如果俄罗斯推到那里并开始占领土地，即使俄罗斯使用常规武器，法国也将使用他们的核武器。
dobik
Can you correct me, but aren't tanks not very effective on a front since cheap drones can obliterate them very effectively? I know they are good and you need them to make a fast attracts to cover lots of ground. But during war in Ukrsine this task is hard due to 24/7 surveillance and attacks by drones.
你能纠正我吗，但是坦克在前线不是没那么有效吗，因为便宜的无人机可以很有效地消灭它们？我知道它们很好，你需要它们来实施一个快攻来占据很多地面。但在乌克兰战争期间，由于无人机的全天候监视和攻击，这项任务很难完成。
Onkel24Europe
Every single tank used today in Ukraine on either side has been developed decades before the drone revolution.
Drones are a problem that has solutions. New tanks and other vehicles will have such solutions.
Current tanks already have systems that can even defeat anti tank missiles - a flimsy and slow drone is not a huge nut to crack.
今天在乌克兰使用的每一辆坦克，都是在无人机革命之前几十年研制出来的。
无人机是一个有解决方案的问题。新的坦克和其他车辆将有这样的解决方案。
目前的坦克已经拥有了甚至可以击败反坦克导弹的系统——一个脆弱而缓慢的无人机并不是一个巨大的难题。
Bsussy
I think drones have been popular because they're fighting old shitty soviet tanks and especially armored vehicles, stuff like ERA and soft-kill systems probably deal with drones much better
我认为无人机之所以受欢迎，是因为它们可以对抗苏联的垃圾旧坦克，尤其是装甲车，像爆炸反应装甲和软杀伤系统这样的东西可能会更好地对付无人机
doriangreyfoxEurope
Most Russian tanks were covered with ERA, didn't help them. And no soft kill system will be able to defend against 20 drones attacking at once. The drone revolution has not even started yet. There will soon be drones with autonomous targeting that cost <100 USD per piece. One Javelin shot alone is 250k$. There is still a good possibility that tanks might be obsolete soon.
大多数俄罗斯坦克都被爆炸反应装甲覆盖了，这对它们没有帮助。没有软杀伤系统能够同时防御20架无人机的攻击。无人机革命甚至还没有开始。很快就会出现单价低于100美元的自动瞄准无人机。一枚标枪就值25万美元。坦克很有可能很快就会被淘汰。
NO_LOADED_VERSION
The real question is how they are gonna pay for it.
They are aiming to be Europe's largest army by a huge margin, it's not even close.
The second burning question is do we really want to have countries arming themselves to such ridiculous levels?
Today's allies can rapidly become adversaries and one way to reduce this issue is to have a collective army shared among like minded democracies.
This should be a European project and no not NATO. Europe only.
真正的问题在于他们将如何支付这笔费用。
他们的目标是成为欧洲最大的陆军，这远远不够。
第二个亟待解决的问题是，我们真的希望这些国家把自己武装到如此荒谬的程度吗？
今天的盟友可以迅速成为对手，减少这一问题的一个方法是在志同道合的民主国家之间建立一支集体军队。
这应该是一个欧洲项目，而不是北约。只有欧洲。
NewOil7911France
I'm not handing military security and decisions of Europe to Von Der Leyen no thanks
我不会把欧洲的军事安全和决策交给冯德莱恩的，不，谢谢
NO_LOADED_VERSION
Leave it up to who then? The USA? Macron? Melloni? What happened in the USA can very easily happen to any country in Europe , it either stands together or falls one by one. a united military is the backbone of such a project
那让谁来决定呢？美国吗？马克龙吗？梅洛尼吗？发生在美国的事情很容易发生在欧洲的任何一个国家，要么站在一起，要么一个接一个地倒下。建立统一的军队是这一计划的支柱
NewOil7911France
You're taking the wrong lesson from the USA debacle (at least imo which could be wrong of course).
My own lesson from the US is that you can't be dependent on one or a few countries.
You need multiple layers of different countries with strong army capabilities for Europe defence to be credible.
You want to give everything to the EU. But the EU is not a country (and never will be)
Yugoslavia had a federal army, didn't stop it to explode once the leaders wanted out.
你从美国的崩溃中吸取了错误的教训（至少在我看来，这当然是错误的）。
我自己从美国得到的教训是，你不能依赖一个或几个国家。
你需要多层不同的国家，拥有强大的军事能力，让欧洲的防御变得可信。
你想把一切都交给欧盟。但欧盟不是一个国家（也永远不会是）
南斯拉夫有一支联邦军队，但没有阻止它在领导人想要离开的时候爆炸。
NO_LOADED_VERSION
But that's exactly what the eu offers, multiple layers of discussion and compromise ensuring no single country has the overwhelming advantage over another, literally why the EU is hampered by countries like Hungary even though they are a net negative yet still have equal vote go the rest of the members.
I'm not suggesting countries not have their own armies, I'm saying armies that are clearly outside their respective countries weight class should not be the sole provision of those but should be a joint endeavor to minimize both risk of it falling into an authoritarian regime that takes control through democratic (discounting the hybrid warfare) means.
2 decades ago there were serious discussions about integrating Turkey into the EU, a wild idea but it was floated about.
Imagine if they had, the size of the problem of having an authoritarian aggressive nation with a massive military just openly repressing it's citizens etc.
People are always happy to see a friend with the big stick and don't seem to think for a second what happens when that friend has a problem with them.
但这正是欧盟所提供的，多层次的讨论和妥协确保没有一个国家比另一个国家具有压倒性的优势，这就是为什么欧盟会被匈牙利这样的国家阻碍，尽管他们是净负面的，但仍然与其他成员国拥有平等的投票权。。
我不是建议各国不要拥有自己的军队，我是说，显然超出各自国家重量等级的军队不应该是唯一的必备品，而是应该共同努力，以最大限度地减少它落入一个通过民主（不考虑混合战争）手段控制的专制政权的风险。
20年前，曾有过关于将土耳其纳入欧盟的严肃讨论，这是一个疯狂的想法，但却广为流传。
想象一下，如果他们真进来了，一个拥有庞大军队的专制侵略国家公开镇压其公民等问题的规模。
人们总是很高兴看到有大棒的朋友，但似乎不会考虑当朋友和他们有问题时会发生什么。
this_ense
Those tanks will be reduced to rubble within two weeks by current drone warfare. Each drone costs just 1/100,000 the price of this tank
在目前的无人机作战模式下，这些坦克将在两周内被摧毁。每架无人机的价格只有这个坦克的十分之一
Lord_Antharg
If russians attack and take territory you wouldn't be able to reconquer it with just drones.
如果俄罗斯人进攻并占领领土，你不可能仅凭无人机就重新夺回它。
this_ense
And who's claiming that you can conquer with just drones? Not I. I'm all for getting military equipment, but considering that we already have a nice amount and tank role changed AND Russia has a lot of drones and experience in using those - we don't need that much, and such investment seems like our army would still rely on tanks which is stupid in current drone warfare and waste of big money
谁说只用无人机就能征服？我完全赞成购买军事装备，但考虑到我们已经有了相当数量的坦克，而且坦克的角色也发生了变化，俄罗斯有很多无人机和使用这些无人机的经验——我们不需要那么多，而且这样的投资看起来我们的军队仍然依赖坦克，这在目前的无人机战争中是愚蠢的，而且浪费了大笔资金
PRKP99Poland
Drones are almost useless if your enemy have complete air superiority, and that would be the case of war with nato.
如果你的敌人拥有完全的空中优势，无人机几乎是无用的，而这就将是与北约战争的情况。
AltrntivInDoomWorld
Completely wrong. There is nothing called air superiority where you have the distance of Polish eastern border.
What are you going to fly 50 F16 up and down to shot down low altitude drones???
完全错误。在距离波兰东部边境这么远的地方，根本没有所谓的空中优势。
你要开50架F16来击落低空无人机吗？
p_banUkraine
Nobody needs tanks now, it's past era technology. Europe & NATO just don't want to see how drastically the situation's changed at the frontline
现在没人需要坦克了，这是过时的技术了。欧洲和北约只是不想看到前线的局势发生了多大的变化
Onkel24Europe
Lots of countries are investing major money into tanks and other frontline vehicles.
Let's assume for a second they are not all blithering idiots.
许多国家正在坦克和其他前线车辆上投入大量资金。
让我们暂时假设它们不都是喋喋不休的白痴。