Starmer and Reeves should prepare UK for wealth tax, say top economists
-PM could raise ‘tens of billions’ while positioning Britain as progressive, say Thomas Piketty and others

顶级经济学家表示,斯塔默和里夫斯应该为英国征收财富税做好准备
——托马斯·皮凯蒂等人说,首相可以在将英国定位为进步国家的同时筹集“数百亿”资金


(Keir Starmer and Rachel Reeves can build a tax system ‘fit for the 21st century’, the economists’ letter said.)

(这些经济学家在信中说,基尔·斯塔默和雷切尔·里夫斯可以建立一个“适合21世纪”的税收体系。)

新闻:
Keir Starmer and Rachel Reeves have been urged by a group of the world’s leading economists to use the autumn budget to prepare Britain for the introduction of a new wealth tax to tackle “extreme” levels of inequality.

一群世界知名经济学家敦促基尔·斯塔默和雷切尔·里夫斯利用秋季预算,为英国引入新的财富税做准备,以解决“极端”的不平等问题。

With the government under pressure to raise taxes, the group of economists, including the French expert on wealth inequality Thomas Piketty, said the UK prime minister could raise “tens of billions of pounds” while positioning Britain as a progressive leader on the world stage.

在政府面临增税压力之际,包括法国财富不平等问题专家托马斯·皮凯蒂在内的这群经济学家表示,英国首相可以筹集“数百亿英镑”,同时将英国定位为世界舞台上的进步领袖。

In a letter shared with the Guardian, the experts warned that wealth in Britain – like many rich countries – had become concentrated in fewer and fewer hands in recent decades at the expense of the nation at large.

在一封与《卫报》分享的信中,专家们警告说,像许多富裕国家一样,近几十年来,英国的财富越来越集中在少数人手中,这是以整个国家为代价的。

It comes as the chancellor, Rachel Reeves, faces mounting pressure from senior Labour figures and trade unxs to raise taxes on wealth to cover a multibillion-pound shortfall in the public finances.

与此同时,英国财政大臣雷切尔·里夫斯正面临来自工党高层和工会越来越大的压力,要求提高财产税,以弥补数十亿英镑的公共财政缺口。

“Keir Starmer and Rachel Reeves can build a tax system fit for the 21st century – that promotes fairness, first-class public services and good living standards for everyone,” the economists wrote.

两位经济学家写道:“基尔·斯塔默和雷切尔·里夫斯可以建立一个适合21世纪的税收体系——促进公平,为每个人提供一流的公共服务和良好的生活水平。

“We cannot allow extreme wealth inequality to deepen while millions of people are consigned to struggle for a basic quality of life. A progressive wealth tax is a critical step forward, and one that we urge the UK government to take.”

“我们不能允许极端的财富不平等加深,而数百万人却被迫为基本的生活质量而挣扎。累进财产税是向前迈出的关键一步,我们敦促英国政府采取这一举措。”

Signatories of the letter include the leading Indian development economist Jayati Ghosh, José Antonio Ocampo, a former Colombian finance minister and ex-UN undersecretary-general for economic and social affairs, and the globally acclaimed economist Ha-Joon Chang.

这封信的签名者包括印度著名发展经济学家贾亚蒂·高什、哥伦比亚前财政部长、联合国前经济和社会事务副秘书长何塞·安东尼奥·奥坎波,以及享誉全球的经济学家张夏准。

The group of more than two dozen signatories said a “modest” net wealth tax on assets of more than £10m could raise “enormous sums of money” that could be used to avoid a return to austerity while tackling rampant inequality.

这个由20多个签署国组成的团体表示,对超过1000万英镑的资产征收“适度的”净财富税,可能会筹集到“巨额资金”,这些资金可以用来避免回到紧缩,同时解决猖獗的不平等问题。

Reeves is reportedly prepared to reject backbench Labour demands for the introduction of a new tax on wealth, although has so far publicly refused to rule out the measure. Advocates include Neil Kinnock, the former party leader.

据报道,里夫斯准备拒绝工党后座议员提出的对财富征收新税的要求,尽管到目前为止,他公开拒绝排除这一措施。支持者包括前党魁尼尔·金诺克。

Several of her cabinet colleagues have poured cold water on the idea, including the business secretary, Jonathan Reynolds, who last week publicly denounced a new levy as a “daft” idea that would not work.

她的几位内阁同事给这个想法泼了冷水,其中包括商务大臣乔纳森·雷诺兹,他上周公开谴责征收新税是一个“愚蠢”的想法,不会奏效。

It is believed the Treasury would prefer to use existing features of the tax system – including levies on capital gains, inheritances and pensions – to raise money from rich individuals rather than dedicate resources to create and administer a new levy, which could have mixed results.

据信,财政部更愿意利用现有的税收制度——包括对资本利得税、遗产税和养老金征税——从富人那里筹集资金,而不是投入资源来创建和管理一种新的税收,这可能会产生好坏参半的结果。

The Institute for Fiscal Studies has argued that a dedicated new levy could deter investment in Britain and would be a “poor substitute for properly taxing the sources and uses of wealth” through other means.

英国财政研究所认为,专门征收新税可能会阻碍在英国的投资,而且通过其他方式“对财富的来源和用途适当征税”将是一个“糟糕的替代品”。

It said that implementing a wealth tax would be difficult, requiring a new administrative apparatus to value assets, which could be open to rich, well-advised individuals shifting around their holdings to game the system. Critics also say super-rich individuals could leave the UK.

该机构表示,实施财富税将是困难的,需要一个新的行政机构来评估资产,这可能会向富有的、审慎的人敞开漏洞,他们会转移自己的资产,以钻制度的空子。批评人士还表示,超级富豪可能会离开英国。

While stand-alone wealth taxes are used in some European countries – including Spain, Norway and Switzerland – several other leading nations – including Austria, Denmark and Germany – have abandoned them.

虽然一些欧洲国家(包括西班牙、挪威和瑞士)使用独立的财富税,但其他几个主要国家(包括奥地利、丹麦和德国)已经放弃了这种税。

However, the leading economists said it would be possible to overcome the difficulties associated with the design and administration of a new wealth tax, urging the UK government to launch a consultation at the autumn budget.

然而,这些知名经济学家表示,克服与新财富税的设计和管理相关的困难是有可能的,他们敦促英国政府在秋季预算中启动咨询。

“Starting at the autumn budget the pieces of the puzzle – from consultation to design – can be collected to allow the government to roll out a wealth tax within this parliament. This could improve people’s lives in years to come and avoid austerity for key services we all benefit from,” they said.

“从秋季预算开始,可以收集从咨询到设计的拼图碎片,以便政府在本届议会内推出财富税。这可以在未来几年改善人们的生活,并避免我们都受益的关键服务的紧缩。”

The campaign group Tax Justice UK, which coordinated the letter, has estimated that a 1%-2% wealth tax on assets of more than £10m would affect only 0.04% of the population, and could raise up to £22bn for the exchequer a year.

协调这封信的英国税收正义运动组织估计,对超过1000万英镑的资产征收1%-2%的财富税,只会影响0.04%的人口,每年可为财政部筹集至多220亿英镑。

Ghosh, backing the call for a wealth tax in the UK, said: “Not only is a net wealth tax a vital step to tackle inequality and improve living standards, but it is obviously best done with international cooperation.

高希支持英国征收财富税的呼吁,他说:“征收净财富税不仅是解决不平等和提高生活水平的关键一步,而且显然最好通过国际合作来完成。

“Keir Starmer and Rachel Reeves can position the UK as a progressive leader on the world stage. We urge them to work collaboratively with the international community to ensure that the super-rich pay their fair share, wherever they reside.”

“基尔·斯塔默和雷切尔·里夫斯可以将英国定位为世界舞台上的进步领袖。我们敦促他们与国际社会合作,确保超级富豪无论居住在哪里,都能缴纳公平的税款。”

A Treasury spokesperson said Reeves was focused on growing the economy to strengthen the public finances.

财政部发言人表示,里夫斯专注于发展经济,以加强公共财政。

“We are committed to keeping taxes for working people as low as possible, which is why at last autumn’s budget, we protected working people’s payslips and kept our promise not to raise the basic, higher or additional rates of income tax, employee national insurance or VAT,” the spokesperson said.

这位发言人表示:“我们致力于将工薪阶层的税收保持在尽可能低的水平,这就是为什么在去年秋季的预算中,我们保护了工薪阶层的工资单,并遵守了我们不提高基本、更高或额外的所得税、员工国民保险或增值税的承诺。”