QA回答：越南的工业实力与中国相比如何？KB：两者无法相提并论！

Kanthaswamy Balasubramaniam
I visited Vietnam for 8 days recently
No comparison whatsoever
我最近去越南考察了8天。
两者无法相提并论。

Here are some points :-
以下是几点观察：

#1 Vietnam has virtually NO supply chain
Every factory in Vietnam runs on Chinese Machines most of the time Or in some cases German Machines
Most of the parts for Final Or Secondary Assembly come from China
越南几乎没有完整的供应链。
越南的大多数工厂主要依靠中国设备，有时也会使用德国设备。
绝大多数用于最终或二次组装的零部件都来自中国。

#2 Most of the Industry is still Low Grade
2. 越南的大部分工业仍属低端。


The Largest Four Factories in the Mekong region make Textiles, Textiles, Bakelite Moulds for Phones & Cardboard Boxes
Vietnamese Industry is close to 90% Low Grade and 10% Medium Grade - similar to what China was between 2003–2007
湄公河流域最大的四家工厂生产纺织品、电话用酚醛模具和纸板箱。
越南工业约90%为低端产品，10%属中端，类似中国2003–2007年的水平。

#3 Vietnam has a Pretty Low Supervisory Force
Vietnam has some Engineers educated in places like Singapore but even so 80% Supervisors are Chinese
Vietnam as yet don't have the volume of Skilled Workers that is needed to migrate to Medium Or High Grade Manufacture
3. 越南的管理和监督力量相对薄弱。
越南有部分工程师在新加坡等地留学，但仍有约80%的主管岗位由中国人担任。
越南尚不足以支撑向中高端制造业升级所需的大量熟练工人。

However some positives include
不过，也有一些积极因素：

A. Vietnam has a decent Skilled Labor Force and a lot of women laborers
B. Vietnam has 15 Industrial Parks where they now make Mid Quality Products like Branded Razor Blades & iPads
However Vietnam lacks the Logistics & Supply Chain potential of China by a very long way off
A. 越南拥有相当数量的熟练劳动力，且女工比例较高。
B. 越南现有15个工业园区，生产中端产品，如品牌剃须刀片和 iPad 等。
但在物流和供应链潜力方面，越南与中国仍有很大差距。


David J Wong
Here’s an anecdotal story.
下面是一个轶事。

A couple of months back, I visited a potential OEM partner in China. They had a major manufacturing facility in Ningbo and an even larger one in another Chinese city (can’t remember which one, maybe Chongqing). Notably, in 2014 they had also set-up a company and manufacturing facility in Vietnam — before the first Trump presidency.
几个月前，我去中国考察一家潜在的 OEM 合作伙伴。他们在宁波有一家大型工厂，在另一座城市（可能是重庆）还有更大的工厂。值得一提的是，他们早在2014年（特朗普首次上任前）就已在越南成立了公司和生产基地。

I commented to the person hosting me how prescient this decision appeared to be, particularly given the trade war that subsequently erupted between the US and China.
我对接待我的人说，这一决策非常高瞻远瞩，尤其是在随后爆发的中美贸易战背景下。

She agreed that it had indeed been a smart move by the CEO of the company. But she also commented that finding skilled labor in Vietnam was difficult; their Chinese employees still had to fill most of the supervisory positions in their Vietnam factory. Bear in mind this is not a technology company making high-end tech products.
她同意这确实是该公司 CEO 的明智之举，但也提到在越南招募熟练劳动力很困难，他们在越南工厂的大部分管理岗位仍由中国员工担任。请注意，这可不是一家生产高端技术产品的科技公司。

On the other hand, we just hired a software developer out of Vietnam. He’s proving to be quite a good addition to our dev team and our head of product says he’s pretty skilled. And there isn’t a week that goes by that I don’t receive an email from some software outsourcing company in Vietnam offering their services.
另一方面，我们最近刚从越南招了一名软件工程师。他加入团队后表现优异，我们的产品主管也称赞他技术过硬。而且几乎每周我都会收到越南某软件外包公司的邮件推销服务。

I think this sort of shows where Vietnam is at the moment. It has huge potential. It will benefit from the Trump tariffs on China as more Chinese companies look to offshore their manufacturing. But there are also very clear barriers.
我认为这能反映出越南目前的发展状态：潜力巨大，将会因特朗普对华关税而受益，越来越多的中国企业会把制造外包到越南。但与此同时，也存在非常明显的瓶颈。


Mo xiao
When did Vietnam compare the industrial level of Japan or South Korea? It is estimated that many people will show the expression of looking at a fool, thinking that it is unlikely.
越南何时能与日本或韩国的工业水平相比？我估计许多人听到这话都会露出“你在逗我吧”的表情，认为不可能。

So what causes these people to think that Vietnam, which cannot compare Japan and South Korea, but can compare to China's?
那么，是什么让这些人觉得越南虽然比不上日韩，却可以和中国相比呢？

Eastern Laos Legend
How can a country of 100 million people, still backward, be stronger than the industrial powers as China, Japan and South Korea? NO! no way.
一个只有1亿人口、仍属发展中国家的国家，怎么可能比中国、日本、韩国这样的工业强国更强？绝无可能。

Vietnamese people are making slow progress in heavy industry development, but have made great strides in the fields of information technology, AI, and telecommunications. Of course that is not enough.
越南人在重工业发展方面进步缓慢，但在信息技术、人工智能和电信领域取得了显著进展。当然，这还远远不够。

Vietnam has no breakthrough in research, education and self-reliance development. Attracting foreign investment capital and foreign intelligence is only a short-term problem. Until Vietnam's natural resources are exhausted, every thing will go in another direction.
越南在科研、教育和自主创新方面尚无重大突破。吸引外资和外来智力只是短期现象。一旦越南的自然资源被开发殆尽，一切都将走向别的方向。

If this country do not study, learn and work diligently to grasp the future destiny of the country, this country will certainly become an economic vassal of China or the United States in the future. Currently, the major powers mainly dominate the economy, which is the ultimate card that influences politics.
如果越南不刻苦学习、努力工作、把握国家未来命运，未来肯定会沦为中国或美国的经济附庸。如今，经济是影响政治的最高筹码，而主要强国正主导着经济。


Roy
I can only be certain of one thing: Vietnamese men are incredibly lazy and arrogant, at least compared to Vietnamese women in their own country.
我唯一可以确定的是：越南男人非常懒惰且自负，至少和本国的越南女性相比是这样。

Yes, Vietnamese women are highly pragmatic, hardworking, and genuinely admirable.
是的，越南女性务实勤劳，令人真心钦佩。

But Vietnamese men, as a whole, apart from sipping coffee and boasting, have not demonstrated any particularly respectable qualities.
但越南男人总体上，除了喝咖啡和吹牛，几乎没有展现出任何值得尊敬的品质。

No one knows what these Vietnamese men are doing with their time. They’re neither building space stations nor exploring the universe. You don’t see them competing on the track with African sprinters, breaking world records in the swimming pool, or working in laboratories to develop the world’s most advanced nuclear power technologies or chip designs.
没人知道这些越南男人在忙什么。他们既不参与太空站建设，也不探索宇宙。你不会看到他们与非洲短跑名将同场竞技、在泳池中打破世界纪录，或在实验室里研发最先进的核能技术或芯片设计。

Even their neighbors, the “effeminate-sounding” Muay Thai fighters, manage to dominate others on the global stage, crushing any opponent with their Muay Thai skills.
就连他们的邻国——那些被戏称为"娘娘腔"的泰拳手们，也能在国际舞台上所向披靡，用泰拳技艺碾压一切对手。

But Vietnamese men? No one knows what they’re up to. Their daily lives seem to consist of drinking coffee and boasting. Even in fields like K-pop–style singing and dancing, Vietnamese men are nowhere to be seen.
但越南男人呢？没人知道他们在做什么。他们的日常似乎只剩喝咖啡和吹牛。即便是在韩流式的歌舞领域，也看不到越南男人的身影。

The truth can be harsh, and speaking bluntly often makes it difficult for others to accept. Yes, Vietnamese nationalists might point to numerous exceptions and use sleight of hand to counter my argument.
事实往往残酷，直言不讳也会让人难以接受。没错，越南民族主义者或许会举出诸多例外，用各种花招反驳我的观点。

What I’m saying is that Vietnamese men, as a collective, haven’t demonstrated dominance in any particular field. This lack of distinction makes them largely forgettable, as if their daily lives revolve solely around drinking coffee and boasting.
我的意思是，整体而言，越南男人在任何领域都没有表现出卓越优势。这种平庸使他们很难令人记住，仿佛他们的生活只剩下喝咖啡和吹牛。

Even Indians, despite their challenges, are recognized as top-tier doctors and IT professionals. In these fields, it’s common to encounter men speaking English with an Indian accent. Koreans are known for having some of the best engineers in LED and chip technology.
就连印度人，尽管有诸多挑战，却在医学和 IT 领域被认可为顶级人才。在这些领域，你经常会遇到带着印度口音讲英语的工程师。韩国人在 LED 和芯片技术方面也拥有世界顶尖的工程师。

Even Kenya, as an African nation, has athletes who dominate long-distance running, consistently claiming medals and striking fear into their competitors whenever these dark-skinned Kenyan runners step onto the track.
就连肯尼亚，这个非洲国家，也有在长跑项目上称霸的运动员，他们在赛场上常常摘金夺银，让对手心生畏惧。

There are undoubtedly many smart and talented individuals in Vietnam. Their students perform "well" in math Olympiads — but only "well."
毋庸置疑，越南也有许多聪明且有才华的人。他们的学生在数学奥赛中成绩“不错”——但仅仅是“不错”。

When it comes to cutting-edge science and technology, top-tier engineering, or global sports, it’s difficult to see Vietnamese men making a mark as a collective force.
但谈到前沿科技、顶级工程或国际体育，难以看到越南男人作为整体力量有所建树。