QA回答：印度有没有可能在某个行业超越中国？如果有的话，会是哪些领域？

Miss Stripewell
Well, China is way ahead of India in lot of categories but if you are looking for that one success story where the Indian companies did better than the Chinese, it would be penetrating the motorcycles market in Africa.
嗯，中国在很多领域都遥遥领先于印度，但如果你要找印度公司比中国公司做得更成功的一个案例，那就是打入非洲摩托车市场。

Chinese motorcycles used to dominate the African market few decades ago and they were producing and selling cheap motorcycles suitable for the East, West and Central African market. But the Chinese companies just saw the African market as just a cheap segment market to make quick money on and while they sold motorcycles, they didn’t have a parts and services unit to go with it.
几十年前，中国摩托车曾主导非洲市场，他们生产和销售适合东非、西非和中非市场的廉价摩托车。但中国公司仅仅把非洲市场视为一个赚快钱的廉价细分市场，他们在销售摩托车的同时，并没有配套的零部件和服务部门。

So if your Chinese motorcycle broke down, you went to the bush mechanics who kept fixing the motorcycles with salvaged parts until your motorcycle completely failed to the point of expensive to fix and cheaper to buy a new one.
所以，如果你的中国摩托车坏了，你就得去找丛林修车工（bush mechanics），他们用回收的零件不断修理，直到你的摩托车彻底报废，修起来太贵，不如买辆新的更划算。

An Indian motorcycle company, TVS, changed that and they had a better strategy to capture the African market and drive the Chinese companies out. They not only sold motorcycles but also established parts centres and availability of parts as well as train local people to service their bikes and establish service centres all along with their dealerships.
一家名为 TVS 的印度摩托车公司改变了这种情况，他们采取了更好的战略来占领非洲市场并驱逐中国公司。他们不仅销售摩托车，还建立了零部件中心、确保零件供应，同时培训当地人维修他们的摩托车，并沿着他们的经销商网络建立了服务中心。

The African market loved it and they were not only selling cheap bikes suited for that market but also had a footprint for service and parts and this made them extremely popular and better value for the money. Another Indian brand, Bajaj, folllowed suit and adopted the same strategy.
非洲市场对此非常欢迎。他们不仅销售适合该市场的廉价摩托车，还建立了服务和零部件的网络，这使他们极受欢迎，性价比更高。另一个印度品牌 Bajaj 也效仿并采用了相同的策略。

Within a decade, the Chinese motorcycle companies were on the way out and people in West and East Africa started loving their TVS and Bajaj motorcycles.
十年之内，中国摩托车公司就被淘汰出局，西非和东非的人们开始喜爱他们的 TVS 和 Bajaj 摩托车。

TVS motorcycles is an extremely popular brand in East Africa and you would see a majority of the bikes on the road including the ones which are used as moto- taxis are TVS. Uganda, Rwanda, Tanzania et al are proliferated with TVS motorcycles and Bajaj is also another Indian brand you will see in Africa.
TVS 摩托车在东非是一个极其受欢迎的品牌，你在路上看到的大多数摩托车，包括用作摩托出租车的，都是 TVS。乌干达、卢旺达、坦桑尼亚等地遍布 TVS 摩托车，Bajaj 是你在非洲会看到的另一个印度品牌。

They have managed to drive out the Chinese competitors with an integrated strategy of sales, parts and service giving the customers confidence to buy them because they have the whole infrastructure and they are here to stay unlike the Chinese competitors who just sold the bikes and didn’t offer parts and service network.
他们通过销售、零部件和服务的综合战略，成功驱逐了中国竞争对手，让顾客有信心购买他们的产品，因为他们拥有完整的配套基础设施，并且是打算长期扎根于此的。不像那些只卖车、不提供零部件和服务网络的中国竞争对手。

Both these brands are also having reasonable success in Central and South America now.
如今，这两个品牌在中美洲和南美洲也取得了相当的成功。

Yamaha and Honda and Suzuki are too expensive for the African market and only a few can afford them but the Indian TVS and Bajaj motorcycles are cheap and fits the majority of the African market and they also instilled confidence in the African customers to buy their brand because they offer the total experience and not just sell the bikes and not worry about anything else.
雅马哈、本田和铃木对于非洲市场来说太贵了，只有少数人买得起。但印度的 TVS 和 Bajaj 摩托车价格低廉，适合非洲市场的大多数人。他们还让非洲顾客对他们的品牌建立了信心，因为他们提供的是完整的体验，而不仅仅是卖车，然后就撒手不管了。

The Japanese brands are still popular in South America but they are expensive for the common customer and the Indian motorcycle brands seem to fill that gap in the lower priced segment of the market.
日本品牌在南美仍然受欢迎，但对于普通消费者来说价格昂贵。印度摩托车品牌似乎填补了低价位市场的这个空白。

But in Africa. the Indian motorcycle companies TVS and Bajaj are success stories and they have replaced the Chinese motorcycle companies as trustworthy brands for the locals.
但在非洲，印度摩托车公司 TVS 和 Bajaj 是成功的故事，它们已经取代了中国摩托车公司，成为当地人信赖的品牌。






Even Richard Hammond rode a TVS motorcycle in Mozambique for one of the episodes of “ The Grand Tour”.
甚至理查德·哈蒙德（Richard Hammond）在莫桑比克拍摄《伟大的旅程》（The Grand Tour）其中一集时，也骑了一辆 TVS 摩托车。


Ravi
Alimony Latest Billion-Dollar Startup.
离婚赡养费：最新的十亿美元级“初创产业”。

In China, they promote the "who pays, owns" principle fair enough, right? You buy the house, and it stays yours.
在中国，他们推崇“谁付款谁拥有”的原则，很公平，对吧？你买的房子，就归你所有。

But welcome to India, where it's not about who pays, it's about who owns after divorce and it's mostly the wife. Forget the receipts, forget the EMI payments even if your parents gifted you that home, post-divorce, your wife can claim a share, and chances are high she will get that too.
但欢迎来到印度，这里不看谁付的钱，只看离婚后房子归谁——而且多半是归妻子。忘掉收据吧，忘掉月供吧，即使那房子是你父母赠与你的，离婚后，你的妻子也可以要求分得一份，而且她很有可能如愿以偿。

So in simple words.
所以简单来说：

China’s model? Contribution-based.
India’s model? Emotion-based.
China says: “If you paid for it, you keep it.”
India says: “It doesn’t matter who paid the wife deserves it!”
中国模式？基于贡献。
印度模式？基于情感。
中国说：“谁付钱，东西归谁。”
印度说：“谁付的钱不重要，妻子都理所应得！”

When it comes to the world’s fastest-growing startup called "Alimony & Asset Transfer“ isn’t India far better than China?
当谈到名为“离婚赡养费与资产转移”这个全球增长最快的“初创产业”时，印度难道不比中国强得多吗？


Zhu Leon
There are definitely some industries where India outperforms China.
肯定有一些行业印度是优于中国的。

For instance, during my time supplying parts to Chinese tractor manufacturers, I learned from our customers that India produces significantly more tractors than China. In 2022, India produced around 900,000 tractors, accounting for approximately one-third of the global production, while China produced about 600,000. India and China ranked first and second, respectively, in this industry.
例如，在我为中国拖拉机制造商供应零部件期间，我从客户那里了解到，印度的拖拉机产量远高于中国。2022年，印度生产了约90万台拖拉机，约占全球产量的三分之一，而中国生产了约60万台。在这个行业，印度和中国分别排名第一和第二。

I was also surprised to discover that Mahindra Tractors, the largest tractor manufacturer in the world, also has factories in China.
我还惊讶地发现，世界上最大的拖拉机制造商 Mahindra Tractors 在中国也设有工厂。


I found it fascinating to learn that Indians are building mobile cranes mounted on tractors. This unique innovation is currently only available in India.
我发现印度人正在制造安装在拖拉机上的移动起重机，这非常有趣。这种独特的创新目前只在印度才有。


Sankit Chaursiya
India can become like China if all indian support make in India product. one country can grow when country people focus on their productvity . if India want become like China one thing should avoid made in China, America , Bangladesh and other country product.
如果所有印度人都支持印度制造的产品，印度就能变得像中国一样。当一个国家的人民专注于提高生产力时，这个国家就能发展。如果印度想变得像中国一样，有一件事应该避免：避免购买中国、美国、孟加拉国和其他国家制造的产品。

Indian people make own industries of daily using product and which thing import from other countries. Indian should start huge quantity export for other countries .
印度人民应该建立自己生产日常用品的产业，并减少从其他国家进口这些产品。印度人应该开始向其他国家大规模出口。

Indian should focus on inventions and new idea make industries and generates job for own people , and make tourism place for other countries people.
印度人应该专注于发明和新创意，建立产业，为本国人民创造就业机会，并为其他国家的人民打造旅游目的地。

if Indians leave issues of cast , religion and rich or poor talk. But Indian don’t want these things they want only depends on Goverment , Goverment do that thing for Indians.
如果印度人放下种姓、宗教以及贫富话题的争论就好了。但印度人并不想要这些（改变），他们只想依赖政府，让政府为印度人做这些事情。


Dr. Vijesh Jain
I was born and brought up in India. I have been a freelance professor of international trade and have the privilege to know little about this subject.
我在印度出生长大。我一直是国际贸易的自由职业教授，并有幸对此学科略知一二。

What I understand that international trade is built on the principle of comparative and absolute advantages especially when we talk of manufacturing and industries. The concept require cooperation by nations to understand the principles to increase the overall wealth of the nations.
我的理解是，国际贸易建立在比较优势和绝对优势的原则之上，尤其是当我们谈论制造业和工业时。这个概念要求各国合作理解这些原则，以增加各国的整体财富。

That is how world benefits from trade. In these principles there is not question of one nation bearing another in any particular industry.
世界就是这样从贸易中受益的。在这些原则下，不存在一个国家在某个特定行业“击败”另一个国家的问题。

If that approach is used no nation will benefit from international trade. We will then again be forced to adopt the theory of mercantilism where one nation benefit at the cost of another. Partly that has already started in present times.
如果采用那种（对抗性的）方法，没有国家能从国际贸易中获益。那样我们将被迫再次采用重商主义理论，即一个国家以牺牲另一个国家为代价获益。一定程度上，这种情况在当今时代已经开始出现了。

Adam smith must be very uncomfortable at this juncture in his grave seeing this reversal of approach to international trade.
亚当·斯密在坟墓里看到这种国际贸易方式的逆转，此刻一定非常不安。

So therefore if you agree with the benefits and sanctity of theory of absolute advantage and comparative advantage and serious about increasing the wealth of nations through scientific means then probably I will be able to answer this question.
因此，如果你认同绝对优势和比较优势理论的好处及其神圣性，并认真希望通过科学手段增加国家财富，那么我或许能够回答这个问题。

Assuming these time tested theories are followed by all nations. Then India will be better off concentrating on industries such as manufacturing of small cars including EVs, focusing on industries that require semi skilled and skilled labour in abundance such as gems and jewellery, textiles, heavy machinery, consumer goods, art and craft, tourism, IT & back office services and some more.
假设所有国家都遵循这些久经考验的理论。那么，印度最好专注于小型汽车（包括电动汽车）制造等行业，专注于需要大量半熟练和熟练劳动力的行业，如宝石和珠宝、纺织、重型机械、消费品、工艺美术、旅游业、IT及后台服务等。

China should graduate into complementary industries such as robotics, hi tech electronics, biotechnology, aviation and others. No one need to beat anyone. It is just to be at the right place at the right time.
中国则应升级进入互补性行业，如机器人技术、高科技电子、生物技术、航空等。没有人需要击败任何人。关键在于在正确的时间处于正确的位置。

This is the only way to increase the wealth of the nations collectively.
这是共同增加国家财富的唯一途径。


Louis L
I would say film industry. Bollywood makes a lot of films.
我会说是电影产业。宝莱坞制作大量电影。

Also, beauty industry. I am not joking. India has won more Miss World than China. There is a big industry behind it. From hair, skin care, clothes, training, photography, make up, clothes design, India has the whole thing.
还有，美容产业。我不是开玩笑。印度赢得世界小姐的次数比中国多。这背后有一个庞大的产业。从头发、护肤、服装、培训、摄影、化妆、服装设计，印度拥有完整的链条。

sugar industry.
制糖业。

India produces more sugar than China.
印度的糖产量比中国多。