可再生能源巨头:中国到底领先了多远?
The Renewable Energy GIANT | China is how far ahead!?
译文简介
许多西方人仍旧停留在上世纪九十年代初对中国的印象中,觉得这个国家缺乏交通方案、技术与清洁能源,但当Gav造访了深圳——这座拥有1750万人口、几乎零排放的城市后,那些陈旧刻板的印象就像打字机一样彻底过时了。
正文翻译
可再生能源巨头:中国到底领先了多远?
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Many in the West still have a mental image of China being stuck somewhere in the early 1990s, lacking transport solutions, technology and clean electricity, but after Gav visited Shenzhen - a city of 17.5 million and almost zero emissions - those tired old images of China quickly became as outdated as typewriters.
After enduring horrific air quality issues, in 2018 the local government in Shenzhen mandated that all diesel & petrol buses and taxis must be battery powered. Almost immediately, air quality and noise pollution levels in the streets of Shenzhen improved. All scooters and motorcycles were also required to be electric, which meant it wasn't long before people were able to breathe again – and this is a trend which is in full force right across the entire country.
Then there's China's electricity generation. China now has around 886 gigawatts of solar power installed and they're growing this number intensely. Last year, China added 277 gigawatts of new solar capacity; a 45% increase from 2023 and the economic benefits of so much clean energy are already paying off, with clean energy contributing a record 10% to China's GDP in 2024.
All this means that China is on track to meet its 2030 climate goals early. In fact, the Finnish Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) believes China’s carbon emissions may even peak this year and then start to fall. Remarkable when you consider that this is a country of more than a billion people.
As for electric vehicles, China now leads global EV sales. Last year alone, China sold more than 12 million passenger EVs, which is two-thirds of all EV sales on this planet. They've now even installed 45,000 km of electric-powered, high-speed rail capable of between 350 and 450 km/h to render most domestic plane journeys obsolete. They're on target for 65,000 km by 2030; just five years from now.
Of course, the monumental size of the population in China makes funding large scale projects easier, but there's nothing stopping us from emulating their success stories on a kiwi scale. Cleaner and quieter cities, more abundant energy, less strain on our hydro lakes during droughts and healthier, happier citizens who live longer are the results of a better, more future-focused Aotearoa, and we can start today!
So, if you're keen on joining the winning team, the first thing you should do is slash your carbon footprint by joining us here at Ecotricity; New Zealand's only climate positive electricity provider. That means by switching today, you're actually turning back the clock on Climate Change while saving money in the process.
Sounds too good to be true, right? Well, it's not! Ecotricity is real, with really affordable electricity, thanks to it being purely renewable. Head to https://www.ecotricity.co.nz and chuck in your address to see how much money & carbon you can save right now. It's that easy and it makes a real, positive difference for the next generation.
许多西方人仍旧停留在上世纪九十年代初对中国的印象中,觉得这个国家缺乏交通方案、技术与清洁能源,但当Gav造访了深圳——这座拥有1750万人口、几乎零排放的城市后,那些陈旧刻板的印象就像打字机一样彻底过时了。
在经历了严重的空气污染之后,深圳市政府于2018年出台规定,所有柴油和汽油驱动的公交车与出租车必须全面电动化。几乎是一夜之间,街头的空气质量和噪音水平显著改善。所有的摩托车和电动汽车也被要求必须使用电动驱动,这意味着很快人们又可以自由呼吸了——如今,这样的趋势已经在整个中国全面展开。
再来看中国的电力生产。如今,中国的太阳能装机容量已达到约886吉瓦,且还在快速增长。去年,中国新增了277吉瓦的太阳能发电能力,比2023年增长了45%。巨量的清洁能源带来的经济效益已初现成效——2024年,清洁能源对中国GDP的贡献首次达到10%,创下了新纪录。
这一切意味着中国有望提前实现其2030年气候目标。事实上,芬兰能源与清洁空气研究中心(CREA)认为中国的碳排放或将在今年达到峰值,随后开始下降。考虑到中国是一个拥有十多亿人口的国家,这样的成就无疑令人惊叹。
在电动汽车方面,中国如今已成为全球电动汽车销售的领头羊。仅去年一年,中国就售出了超过1200万辆电动乘用车,占全球销量的三分之二。如今,中国还建成了4.5万公里的电力驱动的高速铁路,时速在350至450公里之间,几乎淘汰了国内大部分航班旅行。到2030年,他们的目标是将高铁里程扩展至6.5万公里,距离现在只剩下五年时间。
当然,中国庞大的人口规模确实使得大型项目的资金筹集相对容易,但这并不意味着我们无法在新西兰这样的国家复制他们的成功。更清洁、更安静的城市,更充足的能源供应,在干旱时减少水力发电的压力,以及更健康、更长寿、更快乐的市民——这一切正是一个更好、更面向未来的新西兰应有的样子,而这一切我们可以从今天就开始。
所以,如果你也想加入胜利的一方,那就从削减碳足迹开始吧——加入我们Ecotricity,新西兰唯一一家气候正向的电力供应商。这意味着只要你今天就转用我们的服务,不仅是在对抗气候变化,更是在帮自己省钱。
听起来好得不像真的,对吧?可这是真的!Ecotricity是真实存在的,而且我们的电价非常实惠,这得益于我们百分百使用可再生能源。登录 https://www.ecotricity.co.nz,输入你的地址,立刻看看你能省下多少电费和碳排。就这么简单,却能为下一代带来真正、积极的改变。
@bmk8018
China is also the reason solar has become so cheap. Instead of trying to "diversify away" from China, which the US would love us to do, we should be asking China to hook us up with infrastructure.
太阳能变得如此便宜也多亏了中国。与其听从美国的意思试图“摆脱对中国的依赖”,我们倒不如主动请中国帮我们搞基础设施建设。
@pleongv1
Have to correct your bias .. China have little faults .. a govt that cares for her population is not faults for not protecting the big business and elites
我得纠正你那偏见……中国没那么多问题……一个关心人民的政府,不该因为不去维护大企业和权贵的利益而被说成有错。
@4191682
I live in Wuhan with my family, I have a house in Tianjing(our vacation home) that has full roof of solar panels generating electricity at daytime, and I sell the excess power back to state grid to make money. I think the price we can sell to the state grid will go down gradually though, as solar coverage is rising up rapidly and the fact that state grid is generating more elictricity than we need. this shows how the government is determined to do it.
我和家人生活在武汉,我们在天津有一处度假屋,屋顶装满了太阳能板,白天发电,多出来的电我还能卖给国家电网赚钱。不过我估计以后卖电的价格会逐步下调,因为太阳能普及得太快了,而且国家电网本身发电也越来越多。这一切都说明了政府的决心。
@EwenBell
I watch China grow up over recent decades, from an awkward teenager into a confident adult. Used to sit in hotel rooms and the only English channel was CNN, with some goofball journo saying that "one day" China will be an economic force. They never realised that day had already happened.
我亲眼见证了中国这些年间的成长,从一个笨拙的青少年成长为一个自信的成年人。以前我在酒店里,电视上唯一的英文频道是CNN,一个滑稽的记者总在说“中国有朝一日将成为经济强国”。他们从没意识到那一天早就来了。
@simon-c2y
It makes me so mad, here in Newcastle I'm getting on a diesel train, the verge was cut with petrol mowers, and diesel trains haul coal. It all has a cloud of smoke surrounding it.
我真的气疯了,在纽卡斯尔我坐的是柴油火车,路边的草是用汽油割草机割的,还有柴油火车拉着煤炭到处跑,整个城市都笼罩在烟雾里。
@ShuHololive
You should also see how they changed some part of their northern desert into a forest to prevent desertification.
你还应该看看他们是如何把北方的一部分沙漠变成了森林以防止沙漠化的。
@CleanTitans
This video paints a compelling picture of China's rapid progress in the renewable energy and electric vehicle sectors. The scale of their ambition, particularly in cities like Shenzhen, is truly impressive. China's commitment to transitioning away from fossil fuels and embracing clean technologies is a powerful example of how a nation can prioritize a sustainable future. It's a wake-up call and a source of inspiration for the rest of the world.
这段视频展示了中国在可再生能源和电动汽车领域的飞速进展,非常具有说服力。尤其是在深圳这样的城市,他们的雄心令人震撼。中国坚定地从化石燃料转向清洁技术是一个国家将可持续未来置于优先地位的典范。这不仅是对世界的警醒,更是对世界其他国家的激励。
@termitehill
Thanks Gav. Rewiring Aotearoa just put a report out on this topic. NZ could reap the economical rewards of a fully electric future and the associated green growth. Now. They conclude that 84% of our "burning fossil" machines are viably electrifiable right now. (although they include chainsaws in this, and I've tried to do this, but the battery chainsaw doesnt last long enough). Easy win, and save from day 1 (even on finance) is to get solar, battery and an EV. Go electric :-)
谢谢你,Gav。《重塑新西兰的电力结构》刚发布了一份关于这个主题的报告。新西兰完全有能力拥抱电气化的未来并从中获得经济增长带来的红利。他们认为我们84%的“烧化石燃料的机器”目前就可以电气化(虽然他们连油锯也算进去了——我试过,但电锯的电池实在太不耐用了)。最简单的办法是搞太阳能、电池加电动汽车,从第一天就能省钱(哪怕贷款买也一样)。电气化,走起!
@theunknownunknowns256
What saw and what work are you talking about. Logging with saws is out of reach for now (machine logging now anyway), most other applications are easily met by electric chainsaws. Only edge requirements, so you keep a 2stroke in the tool box and use like 1% of the time.
你说的是哪种锯子?干什么活?现在早就不是人工伐木的时代了(都用机械伐木了),其他大多数用途用电锯完全足够,只有极个别的场合才需要用到两冲程油锯,它可以放工具箱里备用,基本一年用不了几次。
@termitehill
Felling pines and rounding them on our lifestyle block. But yeah agree. I do use a smaller electric chainsaw as well and it is very useful for smaller work.
我是在我们的生活农场上砍松树、修整树干。不过你说得也对,我确实也用小型电锯干些轻活儿,那玩意挺好使。
@Shrouded_reaper
Solar and batteries are quite affordable right now, the 800k+ houses not so much. Neither are the EVs affordable. The cost of BYD cars here is absurd. Our charging network is also rubbish.
当前太阳能和电池储能价格还算合理,但80万以上的房产和电动汽车依然让人高攀不起。比亚迪的车价在这里简直离谱,充电网络更是一塌糊涂。
@dicky-duck6632
Sure, we envy Australia’s endless sunshine — but they envy our mountains and rivers, which make storing electricity through hydro a whole lot cheaper. When it comes to renewables, it’s not just about making power, it’s about keeping it too.
没错,我们确实羡慕澳洲全年阳光普照——但他们也羡慕我们有山有水,用水电储能便宜得多。谈可再生能源不只是“发电”这么简单,关键还在于“储能”。
@Barbreck1
The politicians are standing in the way of our progress. The restrictions of Chinese scooter and motorcycle imports are ridiculous. We could and should be buzzing around on these things.
政客才是阻碍我们进步的绊脚石。限制中国电动摩托和电动滑板车的进口简直是荒唐,我们本来完全可以、也应该骑着这些满街跑。
@saltybread1
I am certainly no fan of EV mandates or subsidies, however, I do believe EVs are the future and I am glad you are using your platform to try and persuade people
我确实不支持强制推行电动汽车,也不赞同补贴政策,但我相信电动汽车就是未来,我很高兴你愿意用自己的平台去影响他人。
@willm5814
I ‘ve done everything you recommend here in Canada (including heat pumps for heating and cooling) and huge amounts of insulation- people honestly don’t get it, they all give money for the ‘cure’ for cancer but they are too stupid to spend their money on the root cause
我在加拿大已经照你说的全做了(包括用热泵供暖制冷),还做了大量的保温措施——但很多人压根不明白。他们花钱捐助所谓的“癌症治愈”,却蠢得不肯把钱花在根本原因上。
@PS-383
New subscriber here. Enjoyed your vlogs, Gavin. Keep up the great work!
Shenzhen is the electronics hardware capital of the world. The new Silicon Valley. It is estimated that almost 90% of the world's electronic devices are manufactured in Shenzhen. Shenzhen is home to companies like BYD, Huawei, Tencent, DJI, UBTECH Robotics, Insta360 and ZTE to name a few.
China had no choice but to go green and reduce dependency on fossil fuel as air pollution in the major cities was a severe health hazard. Transitioning to electric vehicles including buses and motor bikes improved the air quality significantly especially in the major cities. Shenzhen is the first city in the world to go all-electric on buses in 2017. One year later in 2018, it also achieved 100 percent electric taxis. And their primary mode of transportation between cities across the country is predominantly on their electric high speed trains that cruises up to 350km/h.
As of 2024, China has one third of the world's installed solar panel capacity. They are building a new hydro power plant that is larger than the current world's largest Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River in Hubei province, China. The new hydropower dam is a 60-gigawatt “super dam” located on the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River in Tibet Autonomous Region. And they are investing heavily in new nuclear power plants as well as building a new thorium molten salt reactor (TMSR). TMSRs offer a promising path to a more sustainable and potentially safer nuclear energy future compared to traditional uranium-fueled reactors.
我是新订阅者,我很喜欢你的 vlog,Gavin,请继续加油!
深圳是世界电子硬件之都,是新的“硅谷”。据说全球近90%的电子设备都产自深圳。像比亚迪、华为、腾讯、大疆、优必选、影石Insta360、中兴等企业都扎根于此。
中国走绿色路线、减少对化石燃料依赖并非出于炫耀,而是出于无奈——大城市的空气污染已严重威胁健康。转向电动汽车,包括公交和摩托车,显著改善了空气质量,特别是在大城市中。2017年,深圳成为全球首个实现公交全面电动化的城市;一年后的2018年,出租车也实现了百分百电动化。城市之间的主要交通方式则是时速可达350公里的电动高铁。
截至2024年,中国拥有全球三分之一的太阳能装机容量。他们还在修建一座比目前世界最大水电站——三峡大坝——还要大的新水电工程,地点位于西藏自治区的雅鲁藏布江下游,装机规模达60吉瓦,被称为“超级大坝”。此外,中国也在大力投资新型核电厂,并正在建设新一代的钍基熔盐反应堆(TMSR)。与传统的铀燃料反应堆相比,TMSR有望为我们提供更可持续、也更安全的核能解决方案。
@howardsimpson489
I was a diesel mechanic but installed my first solar panels more than ten years ago. Added more since. I bought an old 2011 Nissan Leaf shopping basket five years ago, no fuel cost at all. When you think of the lead pumped into low altitude air that we breath by the petro industry, what is there to loose? Next problem, lithium fires, this will get sorted.
我以前是柴油机械师,但十多年前我就安装了第一套太阳能板,后来陆续又加装了不少。五年前我买了辆2011年的日产聆风当买菜车,完全没有油费。想想看,石油行业把那么多铅排放进我们呼吸的低空空气里,这还有什么可犹豫的?接下来的问题是锂电池起火,这迟早也会被解决。
@StoryTimewithDeadline2.0
Great vid!!! Well done China... Yes I would like Aussies to get off their butts and do more!!! I have an EV, I'm on Green Power as I'm a renter and landlord's not interested in solar! Unfortunately I don't live in NZ or I would be with Ecotricity!!! Keep showing us up China and we might become so embarrassed that we'll start the ultimate solar and battery race!!!
好视频!中国干得漂亮……我也真希望澳洲人别再偷懒,多干点实事!我有电动汽车,用的是绿色电力,可惜我租房,房东根本不考虑安装太阳能!可惜我不生活在新西兰,否则早就用 Ecotricity 了!中国啊,你就继续“卷”我们吧,说不定我们哪天实在丢不起人了,也开始拼命搞太阳能和电池竞赛!
@DarkVader-jj4dt
China is wisely investing in its infrastructure and the technologies of the future, not in endless wars and promoting global conflicts.
中国正在聪明地把钱投到基础设施和未来科技上,而不是无休止的战争和挑起全球冲突。
@robdavo1701
They are smart people, much smarter than most Aussies, it's also a great place to visit, I felt safe there, people are friendly, the big cities are clean and I seen very little graffiti or the anti social yobbos you often see in the CBD here.
他们是聪明人,比澳洲大多数人聪明多了,那个地方也很值得一游,我在那里感觉很安全,民众很友善,大城市干净整洁,几乎看不到涂鸦或那种在澳洲CBD常见的反社会混混。
@hharry5315
Too many electric bikes have become a big problem in Shenzhen, because there are no dedicated lanes, they run on the sidewalks, which is very unsafe. However, this is not the case in other Chinese cities.
深圳的电动汽车实在太多了,成了个大问题,因为没专用车道,它们就直接在人行道上跑,很危险。不过其他中国城市的情况好一些,没有这么混乱。
@TassieEV
Thank you Gav...can not agree more...just wish I owned a home as I'd be doing solar panels, double/triple glazing, insulation including walls/floor/ceiling and possibly even a battery if not a V2H system and as you do grow my own veggies. Amazing no fumes, just road noise and the honking imagine smelling cooking instead of carcinogenic fossil fuel fumes.
谢谢你,Gav……我完全赞同你说的……真希望我有自己的房子,我会装上太阳能板、双层或三层玻璃窗、整屋保温(墙体、地板、天花板),可能还会搞个电池或V2H系统,像你一样自己种菜。想想真美好,没有尾气,只有车流声和喇叭声,鼻子里闻到的是饭香而不是致癌的化石燃料废气。
@Concreteblockmachineug
I think it's wise to have converted all vehicles to renewable, yes coal plants supply the power but this means now you only have one problem to solve, if they find a cleaner power solution everything would be solved. Centralizing to many problems to one solvable one.
把所有的车辆都转向可再生能源是明智之举。是的,现在发电主要靠燃煤电厂,但这就意味着我们只剩一个核心问题要解决——只要找到更干净的发电方式,整个体系就能彻底变绿。把多个问题集中成一个可以攻克的问题,这才是上策。
@kingcharles7615
I read some comments and find the all of you are praise China. As an Chinese who is living in New Zealand, I wanna address that when you guys are enjoy sunshine holiday, we are working.
我看到评论区里大家都在夸中国。作为一个在新西兰生活的中国人,我只想说:你们享受阳光假期的时候,我们却还在埋头干活。