QA回答：就性能而言，除了射程之外，中国的 J20 是否优于美国的F22或F35？

Kyle Krebs
It’s hard to say. Little is divulged publicly from the PLAAF on the J-20, to their credit.

很难说。值得称赞的是，中国人民解放军空军（PLAAF）对歼-20公开透露的信息很少。

On paper, what they claim is impressive.

在纸面数据上，他们声称的性能参数令人印象深刻。

Top speed: Mach 2
Gross weight: 55,116 lbs.
Thrust: 33,000 lbf each engine w/afterburner
Range: 3,000 nmi
Service ceiling: 66,000 feet
G limit: +9
Rate of climb: 59,800 ft/min
Wing loading: 69 lb/sq. ft.

最高速度：2马赫
最大起飞重量：55,116磅
推力：每台发动机带加力燃烧室时33,000磅力
航程：3,000海里
实用升限：66,000英尺
过载限制：+9G
爬升率：59,800英尺/分钟
翼载荷：69磅/平方英尺

If those numbers are true, then it would assume that the J-20 is slightly below performance than the F-22, and slightly above the F-35.

如果这些数字属实，那么可以推测歼-20的性能略低于F-22，但略高于F-35。

Stealth is even harder to gauge. Most observers tend to agree that the F-22 and F-35 are stealthier overall, by about 2 to 3 orders of magnitude over the J-20.

隐身性能甚至更难衡量。大多数观察家倾向于认为，F-22和F-35在整体隐身性能上更优，大约比歼-20低2到3个数量级（即雷达反射截面积小2-3个数量级）。

But radar cross-section is very difficult to calculate, and we have no information on the material they have used in their radar absorbent material, etc.

但雷达反射截面积（RCS）非常难计算，而且我们对其使用的雷达吸波材料等信息一无所知。

Its avionics don’t appear to be as advanced as the F-35’s or the F-22’s.

其航电系统似乎不如F-35或F-22先进。

It does have an AESA radar, infrared search and track, and an electro-optical targeting system.

它确实拥有有源相控阵（AESA）雷达、红外搜索与跟踪系统（IRST）以及光电瞄准系统（EOTS）。

And although it may have more features in its avionics, they haven’t been publicly disclosed.

而且，尽管它的航电系统可能拥有更多功能，但这些都未被公开披露。

If you ask any pilot, what matters, at the end of the day, more than anything else, is the pilot and how competent they are.

如果你问任何飞行员，归根结底，最重要的莫过于飞行员本身以及他们的能力。

All that stuff is meaningless unless you have a pilot who is experienced enough, seasoned enough, and professional enough to effectively use the tools at his or her disposal.

除非你拥有一位经验足够丰富、老练且足够专业的飞行员，能够有效运用其掌握的（飞机）工具，否则所有那些（技术）东西都毫无意义。

In a one-on-one match-up, who sees the other first, who fires first, and who makes the most moves correctly before the other pilot is the one that wins out most of the time.

在一对一的较量中，谁能先发现对方，谁能先开火，谁能在对方飞行员之前做出更多正确的机动动作，谁就最有可能获胜。

On that note, the Chinese have caught up to the U.S. Navy and Air Force, with around 100–150 flight hours per pilot annually, with the U.S. Navy and Air Force doing about the same.

在这一点上（指飞行员训练），中国人已经赶上了美国海军和空军，其飞行员年均飞行时间约为100-150小时，美国海军和空军也大致如此。

Like Russian aircraft and doctrine, if the fight is within visual range, the J-20 would fare far better going up against either than if it were conducted at beyond visual range.

类似于俄罗斯的飞机和作战理念，如果战斗发生在视距内（WVR），歼-20对抗F-22或F-35的表现会比在超视距（BVR）作战中好得多。

As it isn’t as stealthy as the F-22 and F-35, and its avionics likely aren’t as advanced as either of them, either.

因为它不像F-22和F-35那样具备隐身性能，而且它的航电系统也很可能不如这两者先进。

One advantage I would give the U.S. Air Force and Navy is that stealth technology, doctrine, and strategy isn’t new to them.

我认为美国空军和海军的一个优势是，隐身技术、作战理念和战略对他们来说并不新鲜。

They’ve been doing this for decades, with the F-35 the 4th iteration of stealth aircraft that have seen action.

他们已经实践了几十年，F-35是其投入实战的第四代隐身飞机。

The Chinese have just started to understand the technology, and it’s more than just making the plane stealthy.

中国人则刚刚开始理解这项技术，而这不仅仅是让飞机具有隐身能力那么简单。

Approach vectors, angles, formations, all of that matters with stealth aircraft.

接敌航线、角度、编队，所有这些对于隐身飞机都至关重要。

You can have all the stealth coating in the world, and if you don’t know how to use it properly, you might as well not be flying a stealth aircraft at all.

即使你拥有世界上所有的隐身涂层，但如果不知道如何正确运用，那还不如不飞隐身飞机。

It’s still an open question as to how far along the Chinese are at stealth fighter aircraft doctrine, or the technology itself, as this is their first aircraft with the technology.

中国人在隐身战斗机作战理念或技术本身方面进展如何，这仍然是一个悬而未决的问题，因为这是他们的第一款隐身飞机。

They could either be learning quickly and on their way to being a peer-adversary, or they might be a paper tiger.

他们可能正在快速学习，并朝着成为对等对手的方向迈进，也可能只是个纸老虎。

It’s not the sexiest or the most provocative answer, but there you go.

这不是最吸引人、也不是最具挑衅性的答案，但事实就是如此。

I will say this. On sheer looks alone, the F-35 and F-22 are far more aesthetically pleasing than the J-20. I think it’s uglier than sin.

我要说的是。单就纯粹的外形而言，F-35和F-22远比歼-20更赏心悦目。我认为歼-20丑得要命。


Chengdu J-20

成都歼-20


F-22 Raptor

F-22 猛禽


F-35A Lightning II

F-35A 闪电II

Koby
The J-20 is China's attempt at making an aircraft that can pair well with the American F-35 and F-22.

歼-20是中国试图制造的一款能与美国F-35和F-22匹敌的飞机。

It's really interesting because I'm sure most of people here have heard somebody say, “Oh China steals information from the US”… They literally do and it crazy how much information they stole off the F-22 and F-35.

这真的很有趣，因为我敢肯定这里的大多数人都听过有人说“哦，C从美国窃取信息”……他们确实这么做了，而且他们从F-22和F-35身上窃取的信息量之大令人咋舌。

Former secretary of defense of policy said many things about the Chinese, one harsh statement he made was, “They have profited greatly from their thievery over the years... They've put it to good use, and they've come up with an advanced fifth-generation fighter”, he also claimed that the J-20 would be nowhere near as good as it would be if this information wasn't stolen.

前负责政策的国防部副部长说了很多关于中国人的事情，他发表过的一个严厉声明是：“他们多年来从TQ行为中获利巨大……他们很好地利用了这些信息，并研制出了一款先进的第五代战斗机。”他还声称，如果没有窃取这些信息，歼-20的性能将远不如现在。

Multiple C spy’s have been found working for Lockheed Martin and sent to jail for 49 months.

已发现多名C间谍为洛克希德·马丁公司工作，并被判入狱49个月。

In 2009, it was reported that aC hacker hacked into the JSF files and stole several terabytes of data from the design and electronic information of the aircraft.

2009年，有报道称一名C黑客入侵了联合攻击战斗机（JSF）项目文件，窃取了数TB的飞机设计和电子信息数据。

The reason I'm telling you this is because the J-20 wouldn't be as good as it is today if they didn't steal this information.

我告诉你们这些的原因是，如果他们没有Q取这些信息，歼-20就不会有今天的水平。

The Chinese however, having a large amount of aircraft design info from the US, failed to make an aircraft that could compete with the STEALTH of the aircraft.

然而，尽管中国人拥有大量来自美国的飞机设计信息，却未能制造出一款能在隐身性能（STEALTH）上与（美国）该型飞机竞争的飞机。

Although, it is still know to be pretty stealthy.

不过，它仍然被认为具有相当不错的隐身能力。

On January 2023, a J-20 pilot penetrated the Taiwanese Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ) without being detected or intercepted.

2023年1月，一名歼-20飞行员曾渗透进入台湾（地区）防空识别区（ADIZ），未被发现或拦截。

The J-20 can also hold quite a lot of missles internally because they have 3 bays, 1 chunky one and 2 side bays.

歼-20还能在内部携带相当多的导弹，因为它有3个弹舱：1个厚实的主弹舱和2个侧弹舱。

The big chunky one, which I suppose we can call the main bay, can hold 4 missles air or ground, and 1 air to air missile in each of the side bays.

那个又大又厚实的，我想我们可以称之为主弹舱，能携带4枚空对空或空对地导弹，而每个侧弹舱能携带1枚空对空导弹。

The only problem the J-20 has is engine reliability, so many J-20’s have had engine failures from their WS-10 and prior engines, hopefully for them the WS-15 engine which is in its final stages of testing works better.

歼-20唯一的问题是发动机可靠性，许多歼-20使用的WS-10及更早的发动机都出现过故障，对他们来说，希望处于测试最后阶段的WS-15发动机能表现更好。

But why do we think there engines are so unreliable and they can't maintain their aircraft? Most likely because there was no instruction manual on how to maintain the aircraft with the information they stole.

但我们为什么认为他们的发动机如此不可靠，而且他们无法维护自己的飞机呢？很可能是因为他们窃取的信息里没有关于如何维护飞机的说明书。

If you want more in depth detail of the 3 aircraft, check my other recent answer pretty much titled this one.

如果你想更深入了解这三款飞机，可以查看我最近另一个标题几乎与此相同的回答。

The J-20 is good (not supirior but similar), but they stole information, so do they really deserve the credit?

歼-20是不错（并非更优，但类似），但他们是窃取信息得来的，所以他们真的配得上这份赞誉吗？


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如果这很酷，请给我们点个 ∆ 赞 ∆

Jere Lull

杰里·拉尔

We have to depend upon China’s often less-than-accurate portrayal of their latest developments, while the US usually understates its weapons’ capabilities.

我们不得不依赖中国对其最新研发成果的描述——而这些描述往往不太准确；相比之下，美国通常会低调处理自己武器的实际性能。

The American jets are battle-proven, the J-20 NOT.

美国战斗机是经过实战检验的，歼-20则不是。

US pilots are trained in their planes in near-live exercises like Top Gun or Red Flag, so are going to perform better in any aircraft they find themselves in.

美国飞行员在诸如“壮志凌云”（Top Gun）或“红旗”（Red Flag）这类近乎实战的演习中接受其飞机训练，因此无论驾驶何种飞机，他们都可能表现得更好。

In contrast, China pilots might participate in carefully-choreographed mock combat shows which is the extent of their “combat training”.

相比之下，中国飞行员可能只参与精心编排的模拟战斗表演，这就是他们“战斗训练”的程度。

If pressed to bet, I’d bet on the pilot and the organization, not the plane.

如果非要下注，我会押注在飞行员和组织上，而不是飞机本身。

Thus, I’d expect the US pilots to excel most of the time: “Luck” can play too much of a part in any individual match-up.

因此，我预计美国飞行员在大多数情况下会更胜一筹：在单次交战中，“运气”的成分可能过大。

In addition, the US Radar and targeting electronics are the best available anywhere.

此外，美国的雷达和瞄准电子设备是全世界最好的。

China can’t compete there because they can’t fabricate the advanced chips necessary.

中国无法在这方面竞争，因为他们无法制造所需的高级芯片。

Richard Mc
It doesn’t appear that the J20 stacks up to either the F22A or the F35A/B/C in terms of stealth, radar, or situational awareness, or maneuverability.

在隐身性能、雷达、态势感知或机动性方面，歼-20似乎都无法与F-22A或F-35A/B/C相提并论。

It’s a little slower slower than the Mach 2.25 F-22A but faster than the F-35A/NB/C.

它比2.25马赫的F-22A稍慢，但比F-35A/B/C快。

However, it has significantly inferior electronic warfare capability to the F-35A/B/C.

然而，其电子战能力远逊于F-35A/B/C。

The J-20 is really a 4th generation aircraft with 5th generation publiiciity.

歼-20实际上是一款披着第五代飞机外衣（宣传）的第四代飞机。

R.C
Well considering most of the stealth craft the Chinese have developed look suspiciously like their American counterparts, does not mean they perform as well.

嗯，考虑到中国研制的大多数隐身飞机外形都与其美国同类产品惊人地相似，但这并不意味着它们的性能也一样好。

The two things that stick out the most are they do not have as low a radar signature as their American counterparts and two they're jet engines are not as durable or as powerful.

最突出的两点是：其一，它们的雷达信号特征（RCS）不像美国同类产品那么低；其二，它们的喷气发动机不如美国产品耐用或强劲。

Jet engine technology is a big problem for the Chinese and they're actively trying to steal as much Western technology as possible concerning this.

喷气发动机技术对中国来说是个大问题，他们正积极试图Q取尽可能多的西方相关技术。

You must remember although they are great at reverse engineering,they don't seem to be as good at coming up with the own technology and ideas?

你必须记住，尽管他们非常擅长逆向工程，但他们似乎并不那么擅长提出自己的技术和想法？

This is one of the reasons the Russians are very hesitant to sell them small amounts of equipment.

这就是俄罗斯人非常不愿意向他们出售少量设备的原因之一。

They found that they'll simply copy and produce their own cutting Russia out.

他们发现中国人会直接复制并生产自己的产品，把俄罗斯排除在外。

The Chinese don't adhere to any contracts or patents.

中国人不遵守任何合同或专利。

Western intelligence agencies are constantly on the lookout for C corporate espionage.

西方情报机构一直在提防C的企业间谍活动。

They're considered the number one thiefs of Western technology.

他们被认为是西方技术的头号窃贼。

Sanjeev Kulkarni
No. China copies only the outer design of the Western weapons systems. But appearance is not quality or technology.Myanmar who had imported JF-17 from Pakistan had to ground them for their junk quality.Myanmar grounds most of China-Pak built JF-17 jets.Check the news item. Even if the JF block looks like an F-16, the JF-17 needs servicing after every 60 hours of flying. Whereas the F-16 needs servicing after 800 hours of flying.

不。中国只复制了西方武器系统的外观设计，但外观并不代表品质或技术水平。缅甸曾从巴基斯坦引进JF-17战机，但由于质量太差，不得不将它们停飞。缅甸已经停飞了大多数由中巴联合制造的JF-17战机。你可以查一下相关新闻。即使JF系列外观看起来像F-16，JF-17每飞行60小时就需要维修，而F-16则可以飞行800小时才需要维护。