Military gap years for teens and school lessons on defence to prepare UK for war
-Britain must increase its readiness for conflict with Russia or another enemy by spreading awareness of defence throughout society, the Strategic Defence Review says

青少年的军事空档年和学校的国防课程为英国的战争做准备
——《战略防御评论》称,英国必须通过在全社会传播国防意识,提高与俄罗斯或其他敌人发生冲突的准备程度


(British soldiers on a Nato training exercise in Germany last month.)

(上个月在德国参加北约训练演习的英国士兵。)

新闻:
Schoolchildren will be taught about careers in the military and other defence issues to prepare the UK for a future war.

学生们将学习军事职业和其他国防议题,为英国未来的战争做好准备。

And school-leavers will also be offered the chance to experience military life by joining the Armed Forces during a paid gap year before they go to university.

离校学生也将有机会在进入大学之前的带薪空档年(译注:常指中学毕业后上大学前所休的一年假期,用于实习或旅游)加入军队,体验军队生活。

The Strategic Defence Review, which has been backed by the Prime Minister, says Britain must increase its readiness for conflict with Russia or another enemy by spreading awareness of defence throughout the “whole of society” and boosting Armed Forces recruitment.

得到首相支持的《战略防御评估》称,英国必须通过在“全社会”传播国防意识和加强武装部队招募,提高与俄罗斯或其他敌人发生冲突的准备程度。

Keir Starmer wants a new “national conversation” led by the government on defence and security, the review says, which will reconnect “defence with society”.

斯塔默希望在国防和安全问题上由政府领导进行一次新的“全国对话”,评论说,这将重新连接“国防与社会”。

Work to give pupils a greater understanding of Britain’s Armed Forces and offering school-leavers the chance to spend a gap year with the military will form part of this plan.

努力让学生们更好地了解英国的武装部队,并为离校学生提供与军队共度空档年的机会,将成为该计划的一部分。

It is understood that while there will be no change to the national curriculum, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) has been asked to work with the Department for Education on increasing awareness of military careers in schools.

据了解,虽然国家课程不会改变,但国防部已被要求与教育部合作,提高学校对军事职业的认识。

The i Paper understands that the work to foster a deeper understanding of the Armed Forces among young people will be focused on increasing military outreach programmes in schools and showing students that they can have careers in the military.

《i Paper》认为,培养年轻人对军队更深层次了解的工作将集中在增加学校的军事推广项目上,并向学生展示他们可以在军队中发展事业。

‘Home defence and resilience is vital’

“本土防御和韧性至关重要”

It comes as a new Defence Readiness Bill will be introduced, requiring the government and industry to show how they are preparing for possible war.

与此同时,一项新的国防准备法案即将出台,要求政府和产业界展示他们是如何为可能发生的战争做准备的。

The review says a focus on “home defence and resilience is vital” to allow normal life to continue even if Britain goes to war.

该评论称,对“本土防御和韧性至关重要”的关注,使得即使英国参战,也能使正常生活得以继续。

“Reconnecting defence with society should be the starting point, as part of a national conversation led by the government on defence and security,” the review says.

“重新将国防与社会联系起来应该是一个起点,作为由政府领导的关于国防和安全的全国对话的一部分,”该评论称。

The regular Armed Forces, which have been “hollowed out”, will be increased by 20 per cent “when funding allows”, according to the review.

该评论称,“在资金允许的情况下”,已被“掏空”的常规武装部队将增加20%。

The government has ruled out a return of national service, but the MoD will boost recruitment to the cadet forces by 30 per cent by 2030, with an ambition to reach 250,000 in the longer term.

英国政府已经排除了恢复义务兵制度的可能性,但国防部将在2030年之前将军事预备队的招募人数增加30%,长期目标是达到25万人。

It is hoped that encouraging schoolchildren to learn more about the military will boost recruitment to the cadet, reserves and regular Armed Forces.

希望通过鼓励学生学习更多的军事知识来促进军事预备队、预备役和正规武装部队的招募。

School-leavers who opt to spend a gap year with the military would be paid but the exact offer is still being worked through, sources told The i Paper.

消息人士告诉《泰晤士报》,选择在军队度过空档年的毕业生将获得报酬,但具体的待遇仍在制定中。

A number of countries including Australia offer gap year military service.

包括澳大利亚在内的一些国家提供空档年兵役。

The review says this would encourage recruitment, adding: “A more modern, accommodating approach is required, including through… shorter commitments that give people a flavour of military careers, offering them a route while building skills and experience they can take with them for life. The Australian military’s ‘gap years’ offers an exciting model from which to learn’.”

该评论称,这将鼓励征兵,并补充说:“需要一种更现代、更包容的方式,包括……通过缩短服役期,让人们体验一下军事生涯,为他们提供一条道路,同时培养他们可以终身使用的技能和经验。澳大利亚军队的‘空档年’提供了一种令人兴奋的学习模式。”

The review adds that “building society’s understanding of what the Armed Forces do and increasing their visibility is imperative”.

该评论补充说,“建立社会对武装部队的理解并提高他们的知名度是必要的”。

“This can be achieved through working with the Department for Education to develop understanding of the Armed Forces among young people in schools, expanding the cadet forces, which provide skills and qualifications to young people, inform and inspire future defence personnel – from diverse backgrounds across the country – and support economic growth,” the review continues.

“这可以通过与教育部合作来实现,在学校的年轻人中发展对武装部队的了解,扩大军事预备队,为年轻人提供技能和资格,启发和激励未来的(来自全国各地不同背景的)国防人员,并支持经济增长,” 评论继续说道。

New civillian force to protect UK critical infrastructure

新的平民部队将保护英国的关键基础设施

Plans for a “home guard” style force of civilians to protect critical national infrastructure have also been confirmed.

组建一支“本土卫队”式的平民部队来保护重要的国家基础设施的计划也得到了确认。

This force would be modelled on the Territorial Army with recruits employed locally with a “narrowly defined remit and training commitment”.

这支部队将以英国地方自卫队为蓝本,在当地雇用新兵,“职权范围和训练承诺界定很窄”。

The MoD should work with the Cabinet Office, through its Home Defence Programme, to “articulate its requirements of civilian authorities in a crisis, with priorities assigned to other government departments and plans for mobilising the reserves and industry if required”.

国防部应与内阁办公室合作,通过其本土防御计划,“阐明其在危机中对民政当局的要求,并将优先事项分配给其他政府部门,并在必要时制定动员储备和产业的计划”。

The Prime Minister’s launch of a “national conversation on defence and security” will include a two-year series of public outreach events across the UK, “explaining the current threats and future trends, the role wider society must play in the UK’s security and resilience, and the rationale for investing more in defence and security as an insurance policy”.

首相发起的“国防与安全全国对话”将包括为期两年的一系列公众外展活动,“解释当前的威胁和未来的趋势,更广泛的社会在英国的安全和韧性中必须发挥的作用,以及在国防和安全方面投入更多资金作为保险政策的理由”。

The review says that the Armed Forces should become “more visible in society” – providing there is no risk to their security.

该报告称,武装部队应该“在社会上更加引人注目”——前提是他们的安全不会受到威胁。

Boosting the cadet force will include helping them develop skills in Stem (science, technology, engineering and mathematics).

加强军事预备队将包括帮助他们发展Stem(科学、技术、工程和数学)技能。

Starmer said on Monday that defence is the responsibility of “every part of society, and every citizen”.

斯塔默周一表示,国防是“社会每个部分和每个公民”的责任。

Reserve forces to be called up more quickly in a national crisis

在国家危机中更快地召集预备役部队

The new Defence Readiness Bill would allow reserve forces to be called up more quickly in times of crisis.

新的《国防准备法案》将允许在危机时刻更快地征召预备役部队。

While national service has been ruled out, former Conservative defence minister Tobias Ellwood said that reading “between the lines” in the review, it meant national service was potentially coming down the line.

虽然已经排除了义务兵制度的可能性,但前保守党国防大臣托拜厄斯·埃尔伍德表示,从评论的“言外之意”来看,这意味着义务兵役制度的可能即将到来。

He added: “This is about a greater engagement with Britain’s industry, with the British people, with dealing with a threat picture that we’ve never seen before… Lessons are being learned all the time from Ukraine. Ultimately, you still need manpower. Look at the front line. It’s exhaustive on both sides. The death tolls, the casualties are enormous.

他补充说:“这是关于与英国产业、英国民众进行更大的接触,以应对我们从未见过的威胁……我们一直在从乌克兰吸取教训。最终,你还是需要人力。看看前线。两边都很消耗。死亡人数和伤亡人数是巨大的。

“But I think for Britain especially this is about an all of society approach. Yes, we need a highly trained, professional Armed Force. But what can all of us do in society?”

“但我认为,尤其对英国来说,这是一种全社会的措施。是的,我们需要一支训练有素的专业武装部队。但是我们在社会上能做些什么呢?”

He added: “There’s this new protection force to look after our critical national infrastructure, and greater skill sets are required that you simply don’t learn at [officer training colleges] Dartmouth or Sandhurst. You’re now going to see 3D printers making drones close to the front line. That’s a very different approach to warfare than we’ve ever seen before.”

他补充说:“有这支新的保护力量来保护我们关键的国家基础设施,需要更高的技能,这是你在达特茅斯或桑德赫斯特(军官培训学院)根本学不到的。你现在将看到3D打印机在前线附近制造无人机。这是一种与我们以前见过的非常不同的战争方式。”

Ellwood pointed to Nordic nations that can draw on civil reserves at the time of crisis. “Finland has a tiny population, a small standing army, but at the flick of a switch they have a latent capability. [This is] because everybody at the age of 18 has passed through quite a complex set of training programmes, from looking after undersea cables to extra support in hospitals, to forestry commissions, drone manufacturing, as well as the traditional army, air force, navy capabilities.

埃尔伍德指出,北欧国家可以在危机时期动用民间储备。“芬兰人口很少,常备军也很少,但他们有潜在的能力。(这是因为)每个人在18岁的时候都要经历一套相当复杂的培训项目,从看顾海底电缆到医院的额外支持,再到林业委员会,无人机制造,以及传统的陆军、空军、海军能力。

“So there’s an all of society approach that means if the electricity goes down for 72 hours, every community has the resilience, the capabilities to stand up and know what to do.”

“所以有一个全社会的措施,这意味着如果电力中断72小时,每个社区都有韧性,有能力站起来,知道该怎么做。”