QA回答：为什么美国仍在建造老旧的阿利·伯克级驱逐舰，而中国却打算下水75艘现代化的055型驱逐舰？055型驱逐舰被认为是世界上最好的军舰。
Why is the US still building the obsolete Arleigh Burke destroyers while China intends to launch 75 modern Type 055 destroyers? The type 055s are considered the best warships in the world.
译文简介
为什么美国仍在建造老旧的阿利·伯克级驱逐舰，而中国却打算下水75艘现代化的055型驱逐舰？055型驱逐舰被认为是世界上最好的军舰。
正文翻译
嗯，我不敢断言055型是“最好”的军舰。事实上，我甚至不会说它是最好的驱逐舰，因为在许多海军中都有许多可媲美的驱逐舰和护卫舰（其中一些具有明显的优势和符合其国家需求的设计）。
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All right, let’s temporarily assume that the statement that the Type 055 is the best warship in the world is true. That’s a pretty bold statement given that warships include these:
好的，让我们暂时假设055型是世界上最好的军舰这个说法是真实的。考虑到军舰包括以下这些，这是一个相当大胆的说法：
Personally, I think I’d rather have a Ford class, but that may just be me.
Did you bother to check how many Type 055s the PLAN has in service?
Here, I’ll do the Google legwork for you: they have eight. That’s one less than nine. In fact, the US has more supercarriers in service than China has Type 055s.
Want to know how many Burke class destroyers are in service? You know what, I’ll let you look this one up.
As far as the proclaimed obsolescence of the Burke class, bear in mind that the ones being built now are not the same as the ones built in the 90s. For that matter, the ones built in the 90s aren’t the same as they were in the 90s. The US military actually upgrades its hardware, unlike some other major powers who will remain unnamed.
就我个人而言，我宁愿选择一艘福特级航母，但这可能只是我自己的想法。
你有没有费心去查一下中国海军有多少艘055型驱逐舰在役？
我来帮你做谷歌搜索：他们有8艘。不足9艘。事实上，美国在役的超级航母比中国在役的055型驱逐舰还要多。
想知道有多少艘伯克级驱逐舰在役吗？你知道吗，这次我让你自己去查。
至于伯克级被宣称过时的问题，请记住，现在正在建造的伯克级与90年代建造的伯克级并不相同。就此而言，90年代建造的那些也和它们90年代时的样子不一样了。美国军队实际上会升级其硬件，不像其他一些不具名的主要大国。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The following information addresses several mistaken notions regarding US Navy ships as well as those of the Chinese navy:
以下信息旨在纠正一些关于美国海军和中国海军舰艇的错误观念：
The aging Type 055 destroyers built by China number 9 units at present. The US operates 74 ships of the Arleigh Burke class destroyer. China builds newer ships although it does not achieve the full number of 75 ships which some claim. The United States Navy continues building new vessels while it enhances its current battle fleet.
The Type 055 being the greatest naval vessel worldwide represents individual authorial perception. The strengths of US and Chinese naval ships exist in different domains.
中国建造的055型驱逐舰目前有9艘，这些舰艇正逐步走向老化。美国海军拥有74艘阿利·伯克级驱逐舰。中国正在建造更新的舰艇，尽管其数量并未达到某些人声称的75艘。美国海军在增强现有战斗舰队的同时，也在继续建造新舰艇。
055型是全球最强大的海军舰艇的说法，仅代表作者个人观点。美国和中国海军舰艇的优势体现在不同的领域。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Despite its great abilities the Type 055 ship still leaves plenty of operational value for Arleigh Burke destroyers. Since they fulfill US Navy requirements and remain economical ships remain a suitable choice.
美国海军舰艇建造的卓越性贯穿其整个组织体系。新一代阿利·伯克级驱逐舰配备了包括异常先进的雷达系统在内的多项新技术。现有海军舰艇通过维护保养得以延长服役周期。
尽管055型战舰性能强大，但阿利·伯克级驱逐舰仍保有大量作战价值。由于该级舰既能满足美国海军需求又保持经济性，因此仍是适合作战需求的舰型选择。
Why is it that when China finishes a new type of aircraft carrier, they immediately move on into another type of an aircraft carrier? Can the US do this? If so, why aren't they doing it?
China is in the “crawl, walk, run” process when it comes to aircraft carriers and has not yet reached its desired endpoint where it would buy several of the same design.
两国海军在海军资金投入方面采取了不同的方法。无法确定哪艘舰艇拥有更大的优势。每个国家的军事舰队发展战略都遵循不同的优先事项。
为什么中国完成了一种新型航母后，立即转向另一种新型航母？美国能做到吗？如果能，为什么他们不这样做？
中国在航空母舰方面正处于“爬行、行走、奔跑”的过程中，尚未达到其理想的终点，即购买几种相同设计的航母。
Ding Yufeng
I'm sorry, how could the questioner think that 75 Type 055 destroyers would be built? Currently, only 8 have been built, and even according to uncertain sources, it will increase to 14. According to the American military judgment, similar Ticonderoga-class missile cruisers have only been built for 27 ships, ignoring the 5 ships without vertical launch systems, which is only 22 ships. This thing is very expensive, and it is impossible to build so many.
很抱歉，提问者怎么会认为会建造75艘055型驱逐舰呢？目前只建造了8艘，即使根据不确定的消息来源，也只会增加到14艘。根据美国军方的判断，类似的提康德罗加级导弹巡洋舰也只建造了27艘，如果忽略掉5艘没有垂直发射系统的舰艇，那也只有22艘。这东西非常昂贵，不可能建造这么多。
与伯克级驱逐舰类似的是052D型驱逐舰，已建造了27艘；较小的054A型护卫舰已建造了40艘，总计约67艘。目前有74艘伯克级驱逐舰。伯克级驱逐舰的垂直发射系统发射井总数比前两种舰艇（96个对64/32个）更多，并且在数量上占优。对于美国海军而言，伯克级驱逐舰是一种性价比非常高的军舰，它们并没有落后。
The US stopped building the obsolete flight 1 Arleigh Burke destroyers long ago then built the flight 2, destroyers, and it's currently building the new flight 3 destroyers. The original destroyers are still in service, and have been upgraded as much as possible.
No one knows what happens during a naval conflict. The last time there was a conflict, that required a lot of naval support, it was the Falklands.
The pride of the Argentine navy , the General Belgrano, was sunk by a submarine, and 7 British warships were sunk by Argentine aircraft.
More recently the flagship of the Russian black sea fleet was sunk, by missiles or drones. 5 large landing ships, 2 corvettes and a submarine, were also sunk. This on top of more patrol boats, gun ships, and landing craft than I can count. This is in a war, with a huge land border, where a navy isn't required, but could be an added bonus.
美国很久以前就停止建造过时的第一批阿利·伯克级驱逐舰，然后建造了第二批，现在正在建造新的第三批驱逐舰。最初的驱逐舰仍在服役，并已尽可能地进行了升级。
没有人知道海军冲突中会发生什么。上一次需要大量海军支援的冲突是马岛战争。
阿根廷海军的骄傲，“贝尔格拉诺将军”号被潜艇击沉，7艘英国军舰被阿根廷飞机击沉。
最近，俄罗斯黑海舰队的旗舰被导弹或无人机击沉。5艘大型登陆舰、2艘护卫舰和一艘潜艇也被击沉。除此之外，还有数不清的巡逻艇、炮艇和登陆艇。这是一场拥有漫长陆地边界的战争，海军并非必需，但可以锦上添花。
Almost none of these ships were lost in classic naval battles. They were mostly lost due to drones or missiles.
That was a bit of a wakeup call for the worlds military. How do you land and supply troops, if the enemy can sink your troop ships, and supply ships.
The US built the Zumwalt, saying that they needed a stealth ship, then cancelled it. Partly because of cost, but mostly because they said that the world had changed and the Zumwalt was now an easy target, and didn't meet their needs.
It appears that the plan is to have so many well equipped ships, that the enemy can't sink them all, before they achieve their target. So the best warship, might very well be one we haven't even thought of yet.
If the US and China come to blows over Taiwan, we will probably see a major change in how the world views navies.
乌克兰海军也损失了许多舰艇，包括其旗舰，那只是一艘护卫舰。
这些舰艇几乎没有一艘是在经典海战中损失的。它们大多是由于无人机或导弹而损失的。
这对世界军事界来说是一个警醒。如果敌人能够击沉你的运兵船和补给船，你如何登陆和补给部队？
美国建造了“朱姆沃尔特”级，声称他们需要一艘隐形舰艇，然后又取消了它。部分原因是成本，但主要是因为他们说世界已经改变，“朱姆沃尔特”级现在是一个容易被攻击的目标，并且不符合他们的需求。
看来，计划是拥有如此多的装备精良的舰艇，以至于敌人在它们达到目标之前无法全部击沉。因此，最好的军舰很可能是一种我们甚至还没有想到的舰艇。
如果美国和中国在台湾（地区）问题上发生冲突，我们可能会看到世界对海军的看法发生重大变化。
Let's refrx your question.
Why does Toyota keep building obsolete Camrys. Afterall the Camry was first built in 1983.
Just as with the Camry the Burkes get upxes every few years with major upxes for the Burkes being called ‘flights’.
When speaking of ships they tend not to get obsolete in that they are refitted with more modern equipment every few years or so.
As to quantity, I don't think the number built is actually relevant. What matters is if enough are present to meet the requirement. So if comparisons are in order while I do think the Navy might like more Burkes, they probably have enough Burkes. It would be a challenge though to say the PLAN has enough type 055s given there are fewer than a dozen of their type 055s in service.
让我们重新审视你的问题。
为什么丰田会一直生产过时的凯美瑞？毕竟凯美瑞最初是在1983年生产的。
就像凯美瑞一样，伯克级驱逐舰每隔几年就会进行更新，而伯克级的主要更新被称为“批次”。
说到舰艇，它们往往不会过时，因为它们每隔几年就会重新装备更现代的设备。
至于数量，我认为建造数量实际上并不重要。重要的是是否有足够的舰艇来满足需求。因此，如果需要进行比较，虽然我认为海军可能希望拥有更多的伯克级，但他们可能已经拥有足够的伯克级。然而，鉴于中国海军在役的055型驱逐舰不足一打，要说他们拥有足够的055型将是一个挑战。
China intends to make 2 batches of 8 Type 055. If you are gonna use NATO namings, you them correctly. The Type 055 is a cruiser not a destroyer. It is an expensive ship that China cannot really afford to make such huge numbers during a peace time. It is expensive to make, harder and more expensive to maintain, takes up more crew to man and requires more supplies to be fully operational. People often forget that things like this require a lot of money.
中国计划建造两批共8艘055型。如果你要使用北约的命名，请正确使用。055型是巡洋舰而不是驱逐舰。这艘军舰造价昂贵，中国在和平时期无法真正负担如此庞大的数量。它的建造费用高昂，维护更困难、更昂贵，需要更多的船员来操作，并需要更多的补给才能完全投入使用。人们经常忘记，这样的事情需要大量的资金。
另一方面，伯克级是一艘较小的舰艇，已经存在了几十年，这使得所有与维护相关的过程都更容易，因为有大量的训练有素的人员和备件。伯克级也经历了多次升级，目前Flight III型拥有世界上最好的雷达——SPY-6。另一个方面是两国的军事学说。伯克级不一定是进攻性资产，而是防御性资产。它旨在防御来自空中的任何威胁，并且比055型更适合。中国的同类舰艇既是进攻性资产，也是防御性资产。它比伯克级拥有更多样化的进攻性武器，但防御能力却小得多。
With what capacity and what technology?
The Chinese can build modern ships at a fast pace because it literally has 200+ the shipbuilding capacity as US.
Oh and the Chinese don’t have a military industry complex that is devouring money (though certainly not as much as the healthcare industry has been devouring US economy).
Not to mention the only two other reasonable sized shipbuilding nations (Japan and South Korea) were both deliberately kept weak by US, so they’d be reliant on US for their military need.
And the sad part is that younger Americans keep dreaming that Japan and South Korea would be on their side. Don’t they even know what US did to Japan in the 1990s and why so far only one South Korea president over the past 70 years has kept himself out of the jail?
Well, we found out that apparently the 1.6 billion budget for negative news about other nation can’t magically prevent their main competitor (again, with 200+ times of their shipbuilding capacity) to build powerful naval vessel. Who knew?
凭借什么能力和什么技术？
中国人能够以快速的速度建造现代舰艇，因为他们的造船能力实际上是美国的200多倍。
哦，而且中国人没有一个吞噬金钱的军工复合体（尽管肯定没有医疗保健行业吞噬美国经济那么多）。
更不用说，另外两个规模合理的造船国家（日本和韩国）都被美国故意削弱，因此他们将依赖美国来满足其军事需求。
可悲的是，年轻的美国人还在梦想日本和韩国会站在他们一边。他们甚至不知道美国在20世纪90年代对日本做了什么，以及为什么过去70年里只有一位韩国总统没有入狱？
嗯，我们发现，显然，用于散布他国负面新闻的16亿美元预算，并不能神奇地阻止他们的主要竞争对手（再次强调，造船能力是他们的200多倍）建造强大的海军舰艇。谁曾料到呢？
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Lets presume that PLA-Navy puts its hand on the best Arleigh Burke and further improve it .
Make the friking Death Star.
They will have 3 issues..
First, no experience to operate such ships,USN has 200+years of accumulated experience and tradition.(see Midway,where all the US carriers continued to operate even if hit,the bran new IJN ships just blow up and sank)
EXPERIENCE,TRADITION IN NAVAL WARFARE COUNTS.
I dont believe in the last 100 years if US lost a naval battle.
Second,the men and women,totalitarian regimes are affected by corruption,its a cleptocracy not a meritocracy,so theres an issue of quality.
Third,the ability of the crew to take decisions,junior or middle hierarchy has no possibility to take decisions ,they will freeze like a deer in headlights ,în emergency situations
让我们假设解放军海军掌握了最好的阿利·伯克级，并进一步改进它。
造出那该死的死星。
他们将面临3个问题……
首先，没有操作此类舰艇的经验，美国海军拥有200多年的经验和传统积累。（参见中途岛战役，所有美国航母即使被击中也能继续作战，而全新的日本联合舰队舰艇却爆炸沉没）
经验和海军作战传统很重要。
我不相信在过去100年里美国输掉过一场海战。
其次，人力方面，极权主义政权受到腐败的影响，这是一个窃取政治，而非精英政治，因此存在质量问题。
第三，船员的决策能力，初级或中级指挥官没有决策的可能性，在紧急情况下他们会像被车灯照到的鹿一样僵住。
This question is an example of a common mistake in reference to any kind of military combat weapons platform - tanks, airplanes, ships - modern weapons make the kind of launch platform unimportant. An 80 year old B-52 can carry 24 cruise missiles and launch them from 1,500 miles away from the target. A C-130 can carry and launch 36 large drones and hundreds of smaller drones at dozens of targets, each drone independently controlled by an AI computer. Ships have become forward launch platforms for BVR (beyond visual range) missiles.
这个问题是关于任何军事作战武器平台——坦克、飞机、舰艇——的常见错误的一个例子。现代武器使得发射平台的种类变得不重要。一架80岁的B-52轰炸机可以携带24枚巡航导弹，并在距离目标1500英里外发射。一架C-130运输机可以携带和发射36架大型无人机和数百架小型无人机，攻击数十个目标，每架无人机都由人工智能计算机独立控制。舰艇已成为超视距（BVR）导弹的前沿发射平台。
We are in the transition period when fighter, bomber, interceptor, recon, and ground attack aircraft and destroyers, cruisers, battleships and even carriers will be replaced by arsenal ships and aircraft - launch platforms for BVR missiles, cruise missiles, ballistic missiles, drones and drone-launched smart bombs will dominate the military combat weapons systems. Arsenal trucks and tanks will do the same for the Army.
无论型号或舰龄如何，只要能搭载并发射最新导弹的美国驱逐舰，其战力都远胜于无法做到这一点的中国驱逐舰。
我们正处在一个转型期：战斗机、轰炸机、拦截机、侦察机、对地攻击机，以及驱逐舰、巡洋舰、战列舰乃至航母，都将被“武库舰”和远程打击平台取代。超视距导弹、巡航导弹、弹道导弹、无人机及无人机发射的智能炸弹将成为未来军事作战武器系统的主导。同样，陆军的“武库卡车”和“武库坦克”也将彻底改变地面作战模式。
Well, I would not be so bold as to say the Type 55 is the ‘best’ warship. In fact, I wouldn't even say it is the best destroyer because there are many comparable destroyers and frigates in a wide range of navies (of which a number have obvious advantages and designs that suit their nation's needs).
嗯，我不敢断言055型是“最好”的军舰。事实上，我甚至不会说它是最好的驱逐舰，因为在许多海军中都有许多可媲美的驱逐舰和护卫舰（其中一些具有明显的优势和符合其国家需求的设计）。
经验丰富的军队中，历史悠久、发展成熟的蓝水海军往往在其舰队舰艇中表现出更高的专业化程度。055型数量稀少，这符合新兴海军的传统模式；即倾向于将所有功能都塞到一艘舰艇上，而不是分散资源以最小化风险。
这背后有几个重要原因。首先，关键在于快速形成战斗力——在首次获取新能力时，尽早列装远比等待专门设计的舰艇完成研制投产更为重要。其次，减少型号并集中资源扩大量产规模，能够显著降低总体成本。
这种做法能通过减少型号种类来简化备件生产，并借助规模效应进一步降低成本。对于尚未建成大规模舰队、且多数舰艇较新的海军而言，这种模式还能降低维护需求——不仅便于快速扩编舰队规模，还能减少维持海军运转所需的专业技术人才和领域专家数量。
这种做法的弊端在于，所建造的舰艇往往严重依赖外国技术（这在当今其实相当普遍），而且相比专用型号，其在多样化任务中的效能往往较低。当需要向专业化转型时，一个棘手问题就会浮现——政客们通常不愿削减那些号称"全能型"的舰艇数量，这可能导致海军陷入转型僵局：要么停滞在过渡状态，要么因保留已被替代的非必要舰艇而承受不合理的高昂成本……
总体而言，这种做法可能导致海军持续面临经验丰富的水兵和专业人才短缺——因为规模臃肿的海军往往难以维持足够的人才保有量。此外，这还可能造成部队结构臃肿不堪，但支持者始终坚称"数量多"就是硬道理。
与此同时，阿利·伯克级可能仍然是世界上最好的防空护卫舰。它在执行对陆打击方面也非常有效，特别是在反恐战争期间这种能力得到了更大的发展，而且这个领域正在通过新导弹和更快的再武装方法进行改进（美国在这方面是无与伦比的）。
我同意，阿利·伯克级驱逐舰在外观上确实不如许多其他舰艇那样引人注目，而且在性能方面也正逐渐被其他驱逐舰赶超，但外表并不是一切，它的战绩本身就是最好的证明。几十年来，通过高强度的训练、开放且贴近实战的演习，以及在各种环境下与多种敌人进行的实战，伯克级的作战表现已经被不断打磨和验证。
更值得关注的是，中方惯常出于宣传和军售目的夸大其装备性能，而美方则往往低调处理实际战力——其装备往往需经实战检验才显真章。此外，对于那些非卖品装备，其可靠性常能通过盟国见证得以佐证：无论是多国联合军事行动中的协同作战，还是盟国工业体系间的技术交融（例如友好国家专家的交叉赋能），乃至通过人员交流/培训项目提升盟军战力或填补美军短板的深度合作，皆为明证。