为什么在美国建核电厂如此之难
Why It’s So Hard To Build Nuclear Power Plants In The U.S.
译文简介
沃格特尔核电站位于佐治亚州韦恩斯伯勒，随着两台新反应堆的加入，已成为美国最大的清洁能源来源之一。根据乔治亚电力公司的消息，该电站的4号机组于今年4月开始商业运营，3号机组则在去年上线。这是三十多年来首次从零开始建造并接入电网的反应堆，两台机组共同可以为超过一百万个家庭和企业提供电力。
正文翻译
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Plant Vogtle, a nuclear power plant in Waynesboro, Ga., is the largest source of clean energy in the U.S. following the addition of two new reactors, according to Georgia Power. The plant's Unit 4 reactor began commercial operations in April and Unit 3 went online last year. They are the first reactors built from scratch and connected to the grid in over three decades and together can power over a million homes and businesses, according to the utility provider.
沃格特尔核电站位于佐治亚州韦恩斯伯勒，随着两台新反应堆的加入，已成为美国最大的清洁能源来源之一。根据乔治亚电力公司的消息，该电站的4号机组于今年4月开始商业运营，3号机组则在去年上线。这是三十多年来首次从零开始建造并接入电网的反应堆，两台机组共同可以为超过一百万个家庭和企业提供电力。
每日新素材，等你来认领！ https://www.ltaaa.cn/translation
-------------译者：polkm1990--- 审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------
Plant Vogtle, a nuclear power plant in Waynesboro, Ga., is the largest source of clean energy in the U.S. following the addition of two new reactors, according to Georgia Power. The plant's Unit 4 reactor began commercial operations in April and Unit 3 went online last year. They are the first reactors built from scratch and connected to the grid in over three decades and together can power over a million homes and businesses, according to the utility provider.
沃格特尔核电站位于佐治亚州韦恩斯伯勒，随着两台新反应堆的加入，已成为美国最大的清洁能源来源之一。根据乔治亚电力公司的消息，该电站的4号机组于今年4月开始商业运营，3号机组则在去年上线。这是三十多年来首次从零开始建造并接入电网的反应堆，两台机组共同可以为超过一百万个家庭和企业提供电力。
But bringing a nuclear power plant to life is difficult and costly. The two new reactors at Plant Vogtle were initially budgeted at $14 billion, but that price tag more than doubled. The project also ran seven years behind schedule.
但建造一座核电站是非常困难且成本高昂的。沃格特尔核电站的两台新反应堆最初预算为140亿美元，但最终成本翻了一番多。该项目还比原计划推迟了七年。
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但建造一座核电站是非常困难且成本高昂的。沃格特尔核电站的两台新反应堆最初预算为140亿美元，但最终成本翻了一番多。该项目还比原计划推迟了七年。
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"We had some challenges, it was an arduous journey, things that we didn't anticipate," said Chris Womack, CEO of Southern Company. "From the tsunami in Fukushima to the contractor going bankrupt to Covid. There were a number of things that occurred.
我们遇到了一些挑战，这是一段艰难的旅程，有很多我们没有预料到的事情，”南方公司首席执行官克里斯·沃马克表示。“从福岛的海啸到承包商破产再到新冠疫情，发生了很多事情。”
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我们遇到了一些挑战，这是一段艰难的旅程，有很多我们没有预料到的事情，”南方公司首席执行官克里斯·沃马克表示。“从福岛的海啸到承包商破产再到新冠疫情，发生了很多事情。”
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The U.S. has 54 operating nuclear power plants and 94 reactors, making it the world's largest producer of nuclear power -- accounting for 30% of global nuclear electricity, according to the World Nuclear Association.
根据世界核协会的数据，美国拥有54座正在运营的核电站和94台反应堆，是全球最大的核能生产国，占全球核能发电量的30%。
根据世界核协会的数据，美国拥有54座正在运营的核电站和94台反应堆，是全球最大的核能生产国，占全球核能发电量的30%。
But reactors in the U.S. are 42 years old on average, and they're getting older. Replacing them is a complex task.
但美国的反应堆平均年龄为42岁，而且还在逐渐老化。替换它们是一项复杂的任务。
但美国的反应堆平均年龄为42岁，而且还在逐渐老化。替换它们是一项复杂的任务。
So why is it so hard to build nuclear reactors in the U.S. and should the new Vogtle reactors be a blueprint or a cautionary tale for the future?
那么，为什么在美国建造核反应堆如此困难？新建的沃格特尔反应堆应该是未来的蓝图还是警世故事？
那么，为什么在美国建造核反应堆如此困难？新建的沃格特尔反应堆应该是未来的蓝图还是警世故事？
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Its not building nuclear power plants thats the difficulty, its building large infrastructure and construction projects in general.
困难不在于建造核电站，而在于建造大型基础设施和一般建设项目。
We also need to include fuel-rod recycling like France. To reduce nuclear waste.
我们还需要像法国一样将燃料棒回收利用纳入其中。减少核废料。
That anti-nuclear lawyer pretending to care about people's pockets was pretty amusing.
那个假装关心人们口袋的反核律师还真是搞笑。
I think the US is really shy about big infrastructure spending. Too much focus on instantaneous profitability. It's all about the share price and how corporations can fund ceo salaries.
我认为，美国在大笔基础设施支出方面真的很羞涩。太注重即时盈利能力了。这一切都与股价以及公司如何为首席执行官的薪水提供资金有关。
I think peoples fear, uneducation, backwards thinking, and politics will never let nuclear power plants to come back
我认为，人们的恐惧、缺乏教育、落后的思维方式以及政治因素将永远不会让核电站回来。
-------------译者：硫子西--- 审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------
This should actually speed up the rate at which they can deploy nuclear reactors because you now have a construction contractor that has experience doing it if anything this should be a reason to go full speed ahead on nuclear
这实际上会加快核反应堆的部署速度，因为现在有了一个有经验的建筑承包商，如果有的话，这应该是全力推进核能发展的理由。
Hallelujah !!!!! The daily jesus devotional has been a huge part of my transformation, God is good . I was owing a loan of $49,000 to the bank for my son's brain surgery, Now I'm no longer in debt after I invested $11,000 and got my payout of $290,500 every month…God bless Mrs Susan Jane Christy ?
哈利路亚 !!!!! 每日耶稣灵修是我转变的重要部分，上帝是美好的。我曾因儿子的脑部手术欠下银行 49,000 美元的贷款，现在我投资了 11,000 美元，每月获得 290,500 美元的报酬，再也没有欠债了......上帝保佑Mrs Susan Jane Christy 夫人？
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that attorney lady sucks. shes literally on camera because shes suing the power plant. Shes is the problem.
那个女律师太差劲了，她上镜头是因为她要起诉发电厂。她才是问题所在。
NIMBY doesn't exist in China or Russia. It is no different for high speed rail projects or nuclear power plants.
中国或俄罗斯不存在 “NIMBY”（"Not In My Back Yard"的缩写，中文意思是“邻避症候群”或“不得在我后院”，即个人或社区反对在自己居住的附近建立某些设施）。高铁项目或核电站也是如此。
Finally… about time!!! Nuclear is the only way to go for efficiency.
终于......是时候了！！！！ 核能是提高效率的唯一途径。
-------------译者：polkm1990--- 审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------
Energy needs will only continue to rise over time. Renewables are pulling some weight, but if we want to meet these needs while rotating out of fossil fuels - the only answer is Nuclear.
能源需求将会持续增长。可再生能源已经在承担一部分。如果我们想要减少化石燃料使用的同时又满足这些需求——唯一的答案就是核能。
It is hard everywhere: the buildings are expensive, and the raw materials for the fuel rods get more and more expensive.
到处都是难题：核电站的建设成本高昂，而用于制造燃料棒的原材料也越来越贵。
Fear has dominated our thoughts about nuclear power for far too long. It's our only path to safe, clean, abundant, on demand power. I grew up next to a Nuclear power station, my family and friends all have worked there and all of them are still alive today. My father is 87, retired from being an engineer at the plant. We need to let our unreasonable fears go and embrace the future.
长期以来，对核能的恐惧一直主导着我们的思维。它是通往安全、清洁、丰富且随需应变的电力的唯一道路。我是在一个核电站附近长大的，我的家人和朋友都在那里工作，他们今天都还活着。我的父亲87岁了，曾是那里的工程师，现已退休。我们需要放下这些不合理的恐惧，拥抱未来。
I'm sure big oil doesn't have anything to do with the challenges
我相信大型石油公司与这些挑战无关。（讽刺：出于自身利益考虑，而反对或阻碍核能及其他替代能源的发展。）
-------------译者：polkm1990--- 审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------
I really wish nuclear power was used more than it currently is. It’s the safest, most reliable and efficient way of generating low carbon electricity. It’s expensive to build initially but the lifetime costs are low and can produce electricity 24/7 rather than intermittent sources like wind and solar. At one point in the 60s, there were projected to be over 1000 plants in the US but most were canceled due to public backlash and financial difficulties. If there was more support from the public and the government then I believe there could be a comeback for nuclear power in the future
我是真的很希望核能的使用能够比现在更加广泛。它是最安全、最可靠且高效的低碳电力生产方式。虽然在初期建设成本较高，但其全生命周期的成本较低，而且可以全天供电，不像风能和太阳能那样间歇性供电。上世纪60年代，美国曾计划建设超过1000座核电站，但由于公众的反对和财政困难，大多数项目都被取消了。如果未来能获得更多来自公众和政府的支持，我相信核能将会迎来复兴。
Its hardbto get anything done in the US
在美国要做成任何事情都很不容易。
This video did not adequately explain why it has become difficult to build Nuclear Reactors in the USA. These factors are not all technical, safety, waste disposal related, or economic, but are regulatory and political. We need a more in-depth multi-part analysis and expose' of the issues underlying these difficulties.
这段视频未能充分解释为什么在美国建造核反应堆变得如此困难。这些因素不仅仅是技术、安全、废物处理或经济方面的，还包括监管和政治因素。我们需要一个更深入的多维度分析，揭示这些困难背后的问题。
-------------译者：polkm1990--- 审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------
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If regulations change while building, there is no way to make progress. There has to be a fixed design and execution to the plan without interruptions with changes in the plan.
如果在建设过程中法规发生变化，就无法顺利推进项目。必须有一个固定的设计和执行计划，不受计划变更的干扰。
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I am glad they mention that after they prods 4th unit… they passed Palo Verde. We do talk enough about how huge those units are and why we don’t build new units that big anymore
我很高兴他们在提到第4个机组之后提到了他们超过了帕洛弗迪。我们确实应该更多地讨论这些机组的规模，以及为什么我们不再建造那么大的新机组了。
The US is still scarred by the Three Mile Island. New technology (modular reactors) needs new thinking
美国仍然受到三里岛事故的阴影影响。新技术（模块化反应堆）需要新的思维方式。
It’s very impressive to see that power plant built and operating. But the price went up by over more than double. 14 billion + 17 billion = 31 billion.
看到这座发电厂建成并投入运营确实令人印象深刻。但是，成本增加了超过一倍多。140亿美元 + 170亿美元 = 310亿美元。
Environmental Lawyer talking about unexpected costs not taking into account they are the reason for the unexpected costs.
I didn't know the US was the #1 producer of Nuclear Energy. I just assumed it was France or Russia.
环保律师在谈论意外成本时，却没有意识到他们正是这些意外成本的原因。
我不知道美国是世界上最大的核能生产国。我一直以为是法国或俄罗斯。
-------------译者：polkm1990--- 审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------
3:20
spin the "turban"? LOL
旋转“头巾”？（可能是在讽刺环保律师）
The US can't construct large infrastructure projects efficiently and within budget period....
美国无法高效且在预算内完成大型基础设施项目。
What she did not mention is Georgia plants went $17 billion over budget, and customer rates have increased by at least 50%. Those dollar amounts mentioned were for just one year. They have been increasing rates every year to pay for this since construction began.
她没有提到的是，佐治亚州的电厂超支了170亿美元，客户的电费至少上涨了50%。这些提到的金额仅是某一年的。自开工建设以来，他们每年都上调电价以支付这笔费用。
The time to build and cost are not a problem of nuclear. It's an American problem caused by bad regulations and designs not being stardardized. Every nuclear power plant in the US has essentially been a science project, different each time increasing cost and complexity and time to build. Japan, South Korea, Russia, China and France did not have these these levels of cost overruns and delays.
建设成本问题并不是核能本身的问题，而是美国特有的问题，由不良的法规和设计标准化不足所导致。美国的每个核电厂几乎都是一个科学项目，每次都不相同，这增加了成本、复杂性和建设时间。日本、韩国、俄罗斯、中国和法国都没有出现这种程度的成本超支和延误。
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5:35
Southern Environmental Law Center: does everything it can't to stop nuclear construction, and sues nuclear at ever step
Also Southern Environmental Law Center: "Why is nuclear energy so expensive to build?"
南方环境法律中心：竭尽全力阻止核能建设，并在每一个环节起诉核能项目。
南方环境法律中心还问：“为什么核能建设如此昂贵？”
-------------译者：polkm1990--- 审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------
They should build more modular reactors.
他们应该建造更多的模块化反应堆。
In Germany it is even harder
在德国，情况甚至更加困难。
Going forward molten salt cooling should be the standard.
以后，熔盐冷却应该成为标准。
Nuclear is the future
核能是未来。
I find it funny they needed redesign and fixes. Sounds like it needed even more up front planning.
As to costs. It’s getting silly enough that you can only expect the government to pay for it all.
It’s funny as hell the US navy doesn’t seem to have issues building and operating nuclear power plants… should just have all future plants be operated by the navy.
我觉得他们需要重新设计和优化。听起来像是前期规划做得还不够充分。至于成本问题，已经到了只能指望政府来全额支付的地步了。真搞不懂为什么美国海军在建造和运营核动力发电站方面似乎没有任何问题……未来的核电站干脆都由海军来运营好了。
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If I have $2 billion ,I would build a team of investors and start the project of it .
The demand of Ai and chat gpt is high in the world but they both need power plants .
如果我有20亿美元，我会组建一个投资者团队并启动这个项目。目前全球对AI和ChatGPT的需求很高，但它们都需要电力供应。