韩国人如何看待出生率危机？
How Koreans Feel About Birth Rate Crisis | Street Interview
译文简介
如果我是男人，我也会想要孩子，但既然我不是，而且我是那个必须生孩子、怀孕、冒着健康风险、可能还有职业生涯风险的人，我不想要。
其实这并不复杂。
这里甚至没有谈到钱、家务和育儿。
正文翻译
如果我是男人，我也会想要孩子，但既然我不是，而且我是那个必须生孩子、怀孕、冒着健康风险、可能还有职业生涯风险的人，我不想要。
其实这并不复杂。
这里甚至没有谈到钱、家务和育儿。
其实这并不复杂。
这里甚至没有谈到钱、家务和育儿。
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韩国人如何看待出生率危机？
@kageisuke
Why would Young Koreans, especially women, want to have kids? They grew up in that hyper competitive environment and know how stressful it is to be doing school work 12 hours a day, 18 hours a day, and only getting 5 hours of sleep. And if you're the mother, you can kiss your career goodbye. You get discriminated against openly for being a mother with no promotions, barely any raises, and people pressuring you to quit to be a stay at Home mother. If you work outside the home, you still have a full time job with ALL the domestic duties unless you luck out with a helpful father. And the father never sees their family, having to work crazy hours to make up for the lack of a second income, and that's only if the overtime is even PAID in the first place. It often times isn't. And the after work forced socialization when all you want to do is go home and see your wife and kid is the key to promotions. You have to be a "team player". Korea is suffering from hyper capitalism in a country that expanded super fast from abject poverty after the Korean War to one of relative prosperity in 50 years. Society hasn't kept up, and it's punishing the young and the weak.
为什么年轻的韩国人，尤其是女性，会想要孩子？他们在那种高度竞争的环境中长大，知道每天学习12小时、18小时，只睡5小时是多么有压力。如果你是母亲，你可以和你的职业生涯说再见了，因为你会因为成为母亲而公开受到歧视，没有晋升机会，几乎没有加薪，人们还逼你辞职成为家庭主妇。如果你在外面工作，你仍然会有一份全职的工作，同时还要承担所有的家务，除非你幸运地有一个愿意帮忙的父亲。而父亲几乎看不到他的家人，因为他不得不疯狂工作以弥补第二份收入的缺失，而且前提是加班费是会支付的，但很多时候并没有。下班后被迫社交，而你只想回家看看妻子和孩子，但这是晋升的关键，因为你必须是一个“团队合作者”。韩国正在遭受超级资本主义的折磨，这个国家在朝鲜战争后从极度贫困迅速发展到50年后的相对繁荣，但社会没有跟上，而且正在惩罚年轻人和弱者。
If I was a man, I'd also like to have children but since I am not and I am the one who has to give birth, be pregnant, risk my health, probably my career, I don't.
It's actually not that complicated.
Not even talking about money, housework and child care here.
如果我是男人，我也会想要孩子，但既然我不是，而且我是那个必须生孩子、怀孕、冒着健康风险、可能还有职业生涯风险的人，我不想要。
其实这并不复杂。
这里甚至没有谈到钱、家务和育儿。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Lolll of course the men in their society want kids. Its so easy to "love" your kids and get married when your wife does all the work. I dont blame the women for not wanting kids if all the burden is put on them.
当然，他们社会中的男人想要孩子。当你的妻子做所有的工作时，“爱”你的孩子和结婚是很容易的。如果所有的负担都压在她们身上，我不怪女人不想要孩子。
Raised by Korean parents, I was taught that I was a failure as a human because I was not the best at anything so I have no desire to bring a person into the cruel world that I was brought up in.
在韩国父母的抚养下，我被教导说因为我不是任何方面的佼佼者，所以我是一个失败的人，因此我没有欲望把一个生命带入我成长的那个残酷的世界。
My parents told me ‘you can enjoy your life when you became an adult, so stop playing and study.’
That’s why I’m enjoying my life instead of having a child or getting married
我父母告诉我，“你成年后就可以享受生活了，所以停止玩耍，学习吧。”
这就是为什么我现在享受生活，而不是生孩子或结婚。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
IMO, this is a scene not only in Korea but everywhere in the world. Cost of living is increasing non stop, richer gets richer and middle income earners are squeeze till it's difficult to breath. So it's no surprise that many younger generations opt to take care of their own first instead of thinking to start a family.
在我看来，这不仅是韩国的现象，也是世界各地的现象。生活成本不断上升，富人越来越富，中等收入者被挤压到难以呼吸。因此，许多年轻一代选择先照顾自己而不是考虑组建家庭，这并不奇怪。
if i could be a father, heck, i'd want five kids! but as a mother, being expected to give up everything i've worked for and become a 주부 housewife or worse, having to care for the kids as a default parent AND working 딩크, i could never imagine that. The gender divide in korea is insane and it's growing worse with men not wanting to admit that the current system is disadvantageous towards women at best and oppressive at worst. Women are the future, they control the birthrate when human rights are ensured. It'd do a lot of societies good to treat them better, and it's have good effects for everyone, regardless of gender.
如果我能成为父亲，天哪，我想要五个孩子！但作为母亲，我被期望放弃我为之奋斗的一切，成为家庭主妇，或者更糟，作为默认的父母照顾孩子并工作，我无法想象。韩国的性别分歧是疯狂的，而且随着男性不愿承认当前制度对女性最不利，甚至是最压迫的，情况越来越糟。女性是未来，当人权得到保障时，她们控制着出生率。更好地对待她们会对许多社会有益，对每个人都有好处，无论性别。
After living in a few different countries I noticed that men and women act the same: men say they want kids one day and it's a really vague idea with no proper plan of action while women think practically on how to get there and how that will affect them financially and mentally and start preparing earlier. In my opinion this is why a lot of women are set on not having kids, because they thought through it properly for a while. Men just surf life saying they want to have kids (1, 2, 3, 4....) and hope that women will deal with the hard work and logistics.
在几个不同的国家生活后，我注意到男性和女性的行为是一样的：男性说他们有一天想要孩子，这是一个非常模糊的想法，没有适当的行动计划，而女性则会实际考虑如何实现这一点，以及这将对她们的经济和心理产生什么影响并提前开始准备。在我看来，这就是为什么许多女性决定不生孩子的原因，因为她们已经仔细考虑了一段时间。男性只是随波逐流地说他们想要孩子（1、2、3、4……），并希望女性会处理艰苦的工作和后勤。
Wow, it was astounding to watch this interview and feel so represented by the words of women that live in the opposite side of the world (I'm from Italy). I felt like there were no barriers, no cultural differences that could prevent me in really understand what they were saying.
I love and support them all.
哇，看这个采访真是令人惊讶，我感到自己完全被生活在世界另一端的女性的话所代表（我来自意大利）。我感觉没有任何障碍，没有任何文化差异能阻止我真正理解她们在说什么。
我爱并支持她们所有人。
I am a Taiwanese woman. Taiwan’s birth rate is competing with SK’s to be lowest in the world. I personally think it stems from a few issue.
Housing: when we are finally more stable in our career (28 or above), we often need to choose between putting down or deposit for a house or having a kid. Most people will choose a house since raising a kid without housing security is terrifying
Social structure: many East Asian country has this insane idea that woman needs to give up their job when they have kids. Many companies also use insane tactic to force pregnant women to quit. If today women got divorced by their husband after having the kid, they will have little financial prospect for the future since single mom’s employability goes down. Not to mention in this economy, one working parent is often not enough. The amount of financial burden that’s put on man from the society also creates isolation between man and their families. It is very unhealthy for either side.
Future prospect: if you talk to young people, you will often hear how pessimistic about our own future. As GenZ I grew up during a global recession and graduated college in a pandemic. Between AI and climate change’s affect catching the developed world, I do not know how to prepare for the next generation.
我是一名台湾（地区）女性。台湾（地区）的出生率能够与韩国竞争成为世界上最低的，我个人认为这源于几个问题。
住房：当我们最终在职业生涯中更加稳定（28岁或以上）时，我们经常需要在支付房屋首付或生孩子之间做出选择。大多数人会选择房子，因为没有住房保障抚养孩子是可怕的。
社会结构：许多东亚国家有这种疯狂的想法，认为女性在生孩子时需要放弃工作。许多公司还使用疯狂的手段迫使怀孕的女性辞职。如果今天女性在生孩子后被丈夫离婚，她们未来的经济前景将非常有限，因为单身母亲的就业能力下降。更不用说在这种经济环境下，父母只有一方工作往往是不够的。社会对男性施加的经济负担也造成了男性与家庭之间的隔离，这对任何一方都非常不健康。
未来前景：如果你与年轻人交谈，你会经常听到他们对我们的未来有多么悲观。作为Z世代，我在全球经济衰退中长大，并在大流行期间大学毕业。在人工智能和气候变化影响发达国家之时，我不知道如何为下一代做准备。
What the guy said , seeing our parents work to the bone to not enjoy much in life makes people not want to give life just to endure what we had already endured which was seeing our parents suffer and suffering with them .
正如那个人所说，看到我们的父母拼命工作却无法享受生活，让人们不想仅仅为了忍受我们已经忍受的东西而给予生命，即看到我们的父母受苦并与他们一起受苦。
This all stems from rising income inequality. My grandparents had 6 kids, and lived pretty well in the suburbs. All off his salary from drafting maps. My parents both worked blue collar jobs, and just got by raising 2 kids. Now, I can't really afford any children.
这一切都源于收入不平等的加剧。我的祖父母有6个孩子，并在郊区生活得很好，所有这些都是靠他绘制地图的薪水。我的父母都从事蓝领工作，勉强抚养了2个孩子。现在，我真的负担不起任何孩子。
So, the gender pay gap is extreme in Korea and women get treated like garbage ones they are married and have kids. Men treat them like crap as well and once they have kids, they can’t have a life of their own anymore. Costs of living are increasing exponentially. But why oh why don’t Korean women want to have kids? It remains a mystery.
韩国的性别薪酬差距非常严重，女性在结婚生子后被视为垃圾，男性也把她们当作垃圾对待。一旦她们有了孩子，她们就不能再有属于自己的生活了，因为生活成本会呈指数级增长。但为什么，为什么韩国女性不想要孩子？这仍然是一个谜。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Many women in South Korea choose not to have children due to societal expectations and gender roles. Single living is often considered a temporary phase, and women who have babies alone are not always judged kindly. Some women find it difficult to find a dateable man who will share household chores and childcare responsibilities equally.
许多韩国女性选择不生孩子是因为社会期望和性别角色。单身生活通常被认为是一个暂时的阶段，独自生孩子的女性并不总是受到善意的评判。一些女性发现很难找到一个愿意平等分担家务和育儿责任的可约会的男性。
13:46 I feel bad for her. She really wants to have kids but can't because of other factors. The fact that she watches programs about raising kids and programs that have kids, knowing that she'll probably never get to experience that is just heartbreaking.
I really hope she gets to have a kid soon. She looks like she'd be an amazing mother
13:46 我为她感到难过。她真的很想要孩子，但因为其他因素而不能。她看关于抚养孩子的节目和有孩子的节目，知道她可能永远无法体验到这一点，这真是令人心碎。
我真的希望她很快能有一个孩子，因为她看起来会是一个了不起的母亲。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
in the past, women were forced to get married and have kids. i have yet to meet and old lady who had no education, no choice but to be married and not resent her past. old ladies are bitter . now having an education, being able to read an academic paper, being able to think for yourslef and make educated choices and then have kids is a great blessing. but tat was not the case in the past.
在过去，女性被迫结婚生子。我还没有遇到一个没有受过教育、别无选择只能结婚并且不怨恨她的过去的老太太。她们很痛苦。现在，受过教育，能够阅读学术论文，能够为自己思考并做出有教育意义的选择，然后生孩子，这是一种巨大的祝福。但过去并非如此。
It's a trend in all developed countries. Korea is just the most extreme case but many many countries are well below the 2.1 fertility rate needed to just maintain current population.
这是所有发达国家的趋势，韩国只是最极端的例子，许多国家的生育率远低于维持当前人口所需的2.1。
Excellent answers from every interviewee. The guy with the ponytail seemed to be especially thoughtful. As for me and my wife in Korea, she was eager to have kids when we first started dating. But these days as a married couple we have both agreed it's better to just enjoy each other's company without a child - stress free and able to save for our retirement rather than spending hundreds of millions of won raising a kid into a society with so little joy to offer them.
每位受访者的回答都非常出色。那个扎马尾的男人似乎特别深思熟虑。我和我的妻子在韩国，她刚开始约会时非常渴望有孩子。但如今，作为一对已婚夫妇，我们都同意不要孩子，只是享受彼此的陪伴更好——没有压力，能够为退休储蓄，而不是花费数亿韩元抚养一个孩子进入一个几乎没有快乐的社会。
I mean in my pov as a female in this 21st century , my parents invest a lot in my education to help me get myself better opportunities in my future career , and the country i come from doesnt completely support the idea of woman working ( ecsp if the woman is to get married its always expected of her to give up her dreams and career for the sake of someone she just met ) ,no w tell me why i must go through 12 years of school ,4 years of undergraduate ( and if we add post graduate degree ) 2 more years of education , and waste 18 years of my parents salary if i have to give it up for the sake of someone ?? Who would want that ? I wouldnt i would want a good career for myself and would want to support my family with my money too
我的意思是作为21世纪的女性，我的父母在我的教育上投入了很多以帮助我在未来的职业生涯中获得更好的机会，而我来自的国家并不完全支持女性工作的想法（特别是如果女性要结婚，社会总是期望她为了一个刚认识的人放弃她的梦想和职业生涯），现在告诉我，为什么我必须经历12年的学校教育，4年的本科（如果我们加上研究生学位）再加2年的教育，再为了某人而放弃这一切并浪费我父母18年的薪水？？谁会想要那样？我不会，我想要一份好的职业并想用我的钱支持我的家庭。
I'm European, I'll be 30 next week and I don't want kids. From what I've noticed, this problem is global and isn't confined to Korea. None of my friends are planning on having children either. Most have decided so because of the money issues. Raising a child is expensive, but some also just don't want to be reduced to just being a mother or a father. We've all worked hard for our careers and dreams and it's really hard letting that go just to have children. I honestly don't see a single positive thing in having children myself. I would only ever consider it if my partner really wanted them.
我是欧洲人，下周就30岁了，我不想要孩子。根据我的观察，这个问题是全球性的，不仅限于韩国。我的朋友们也没有要孩子的计划。大多数人因为钱的问题而决定不要孩子。抚养孩子很贵，但有些人也不想仅仅被降级为母亲或父亲。我们都为我们的职业和梦想努力工作，仅仅为了有孩子而放弃这些真的很难。老实说我自己看不到任何有孩子的积极因素。只有在我的伴侣真的想要孩子时，我才会考虑。
Not only South Korea facing this problem also my country that I come from - Poland. People can't afford to own house the cost of living is too high. If you want a family both of parents has to work unless your spouse makes more than the average person make. As a single person I make the minimum wage where 70% of it goes to pay my rent. It's crazy!!!!
不仅是韩国面临这个问题，我来自的国家——波兰也是如此。人们买不起房子，生活成本太高了。如果你想要一个家庭，父母双方都必须工作，除非你的配偶赚得比普通人多。作为一个单身人士，我赚的是最低工资，其中70%用于支付房租。这太疯狂了！！！！
I'm not Korean, but as a Chinese, I feel the same sentiment-- having my own issues to deal with, having my doubts in raising them, and realistically more difficult if that were a viable option with how many of us are financially struggling!
我不是韩国人，但作为中国人，我有同样的感受——我有自己的问题要处理，对抚养孩子有疑虑，而且如果这是一个可行的选择，考虑到我们中有多少人在经济上挣扎，这实际上会更加困难！
my own personal problem though, is as an Asian American with an immigrant parent, I'm still having to find myself uncomfortable, but necessary in having to speak up for myself in telling my mother constantly that I really don't want to have children in the future. I'm not discouraging others; it's just not for me.
我个人的问题是作为一个有移民父母的亚裔美国人，我仍然发现自己不得不感到不舒服，但有必要为自己发声并不断告诉我的母亲我真的不想要孩子。我不是在劝阻别人，这只是不适合我。
Men can just run away without paying child support, no burden for men at all. It happens alot in Asia. To sue men like that, women need many money to pay lawyer, but usually she doesn't have. So men get no consequences.
男人可以逃跑而不支付子女抚养费，对男人来说完全没有负担，这在亚洲经常发生。要起诉这样的男人，女性需要很多钱来支付律师费用，但通常她没有，所以男人没有任何后果。
What scares me is that one parent is not enough to support a kid. With half of the marriages ending in divorce I can't bring myself to plan a child knowing that as a mother I'll have to carry a weight of raising them. Aliments can do only so much when you have to pay for rent and childcare and food. I'm sorry but having a child today is luxury I can't afford.
让我感到害怕的是单亲不足以抚养一个孩子。由于一半的婚姻以离婚告终，我无法让自己计划要孩子，因为我知道作为母亲，我将承担抚养孩子的重担。当你必须支付房租、育儿费和食物费用时，赡养费只能起到有限的作用。很抱歉，如今生孩子对我来说是一种无法负担的奢侈品。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
One interesting nuance is that almost nobody wants, or thinks it's practically feasible, to have more than 2 kids. You see this a lot in other countries too. Realistically, to maintain a birth rate above 2.1 requires quite a lot of people to have 3-4, because there's always going to be some people who, for various reasons, have no kids at all.
This is a kinda obvious fact about averages on the face of it, but I think in a lot of countries having large families increasingly seems not just difficult to manage, but intrinsically undesirable/irresponsible.
一个有趣的细节是几乎没有人想要或认为生超过2个孩子是实际可行的，在其他国家也经常看到这种情况。实际上，要维持高于2.1的出生率，需要相当多的人生3-4个孩子，因为总有一些人由于各种原因根本不生孩子。
这表面上是一个关于平均数的显而易见的事实，但我认为在许多国家，拥有大家庭不仅越来越难以管理，而且在本质上似乎是不受欢迎或不负责任的。
In the 1970s, the Korean government advertised that only animals have multiple children, and that Koreans were now civilized, so they should have only one or two. People really internalized that. Young people don’t even know what happened to their society…. Now people are supposed to change.
在20世纪70年代，韩国政府宣传说只有动物才会生多个孩子，而韩国人现在已经文明了，所以他们应该只生一两个，人们真的内化了这一点。年轻人甚至不知道他们的社会发生了什么……现在人们应该改变了。
Koreans think how to raise kids properly before giving birth. They are responsible enough to understand that if they can provide good life to their kids only then they will bring them on earth. I wish Indians think in this way. Irrespective of social status or income, being poor or middle class or rich, once a boy or girl grows to a marriageable age, they are getting married, some of them may not have stable income too. After marriage societal pressure is there to give birth. Irrespective of how much India develops in science & technology, there is no change in this thought.
韩国人在生孩子之前会考虑如何正确抚养孩子。他们有足够的责任感去理解，只有当他们能为孩子提供良好的生活时，才会把孩子带到这个世界上。我希望印度人也能这样想。无论社会地位或收入如何，无论是穷人、中产阶级还是富人，一旦男孩或女孩到了适婚年龄，他们就会结婚，其中一些人可能也没有稳定的收入。婚后社会压力迫使他们生孩子。无论印度在科学技术上发展了多少，这种思想都没有改变。
I also think social media has show young Koreans that life doesn't have to be one way or you're doomed. Even though I'm past my reproductive years, I have found in the last 20 years that I have learned so much through coming across different contents here on YouTube. My mind has been expanded and I see a much broader world then ever before.
我也认为社交媒体向年轻的韩国人展示了生活不必只有一种方式，否则你就会完蛋。尽管我已经过了生育年龄，但在过去的20年里，我通过YouTube上的不同内容学到了很多东西。我的思维得到了扩展，我看到了一个比以前更广阔的世界。
Another key part is how most of the men focus on the economic hardships of having children while the women focus on wasting their life away raising a child. This is so important because it defines the roles of the parents. A baby is 50% the father's responsibility and 50% the mother's responsibility, but society still forces it to be 10% the father's and 190% the mother's. It's not fair for women to go through the burden of pregnancy and labor and then also have to raise a child on their own without any support from their husbands/partners.
另一个关键部分是大多数男性关注的是生孩子的经济困难，而女性则关注的是在抚养孩子中浪费生命。这一点非常重要，因为它定义了父母的角色。一个孩子是父亲50%的责任和母亲50%的责任，但社会仍然将其强加为父亲10%的责任和母亲190%的责任。女性会经历怀孕和分娩的负担，然后还不得不在没有丈夫/伴侣支持的情况下独自抚养孩子，这是不公平的。