在中国上海，什么样的人算富人？| 街头采访
What’s Considered Rich in Shanghai, China? | Street Interview
译文简介
网友：作为一个上海的老居民，我的看法是：这些采访中的人都是中产阶级，他们认为年薪一百万人民币就是富有的定义。其实不是，富人不需要工资，他们关心的是投资回报并有个人净资产来打动银行（以便借更多的钱）。如果你的主要收入是工资，那么你并不富有，你只是在让你的老板更富有......
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在中国上海，什么样的人算富人？| 街头采访
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@turtlesoup8134
My thought as an old resident of Shanghai:
These people in the interview are all the middle class. They think that earning one million RMB a year in salary is the definition of being rich. Its not. Rich people do not need a salary. They have return of investment to worry about and have personal networth to impress the bank (to loan them for more money). If your main income is your salary, then you are not rich, you are making your boss rich.
What is poor in Shanghai? Actually, there is only very few local that is "stuck" in Shanghai due to poverty. Most local inherit great amount of wealth from their parents and have relatively stable jobs. There are of course a few local that gamble away their money to poverty, but it is very rare. The "poor" are mainly recent graduates flocking to shanghai in search of work. I would not consider them poor either. They can always fall back to their hometown and resettle with their family if things get too rough for them in Shanghai. These people are not even Shanghai residence, therefore it is a stretch to include them in the calculation of wealth disparity in Shanghai. A salary below 8000 RMB is probably what I consider being poor in Shanghai, but not poverty level poor. They can get by but cannot take vacation, eat out everyday or save any significant amount of money.
作为一个上海的老居民，我的看法是：
这些采访中的人都是中产阶级，他们认为年薪一百万人民币就是富有的定义。其实不是，富人不需要工资，他们关心的是投资回报并有个人净资产来打动银行（以便借更多的钱）。如果你的主要收入是工资，那么你并不富有，你只是在让你的老板更富有。
在上海什么是贫穷？实际上，很少有本地人因为贫困而“困”在上海。大多数本地人从父母那里继承了大量的财富并有相对稳定的工作。当然，也有少数本地人因为赌博而陷入贫困，但这非常罕见。“穷人”主要是那些涌入上海寻找工作的应届毕业生。我也不会认为他们是穷人，因为如果他们在上海的生活太艰难，他们总是可以回到家乡与家人重新安顿。这些人甚至不是上海居民，因此将他们纳入上海贫富差距的计算中是有些牵强的。我认为月薪低于8000元人民币在上海算是贫穷，但还不至于到贫困水平，因为他们可以勉强维持生活，但无法度假、每天外出就餐或存下任何可观的钱。
Can I ask something that might be a stupid question?
We have homeless and genuinely poor people in my city (Melbourne). Some of them came from other parts of Australia, or the same state. Sometimes it is because there is better services available for the homeless, or for people who have other issues which cause them to become homeless, like drug addiction. Are there not people like that in Shanghai. You mention someone who gambles. What about someone with complex mental health issues, and no family? Is there adequate government support for them, that you can say they are not precisely 'in poverty'? Melbourne is a very rich city, but politically it seems that we don't make the choice to solve these issues, while other places do. I know this can be a seedy topic, but I'm genuinely interested in how China deals with this stuff.
我能问一个可能很蠢的问题吗？
在我的城市（墨尔本），有无家可归和真正贫穷的人，他们中的一些人来自澳大利亚的其他地方或同一个州。有时是因为无家可归者有更好的服务，或者因为其他问题导致他们无家可归，比如毒瘾。上海没有这样的人吗？你提到了赌博的人，那么那些有复杂心理健康问题且没有家人的人呢？政府有足够的支持让他们不至于陷入“贫困”吗？墨尔本是一个非常富裕的城市，但在政治上我们似乎没有选择解决这些问题，而其他地方却做到了。我知道这可能是一个敏感的话题，但我真的很感兴趣中国是如何处理这些问题的。
@jamesrowlands8971 I am a Canadian and used to live in Vancouver. The things you describe happens in Vancouver as well and thats why today there are tent cities in Vancouver while the rich lives in multimillion dollar homes. How is this different than China?
China has the hukou system. If you don't have the hukou (resident permit) of the city you live in, you do not get the welfare service of the city. This ancient system (thousands of years ago) is still in use today because to prevent the exact problem you describe in your city.
These jobless and homeless people in Shanghai would rather go home than to starve on the street. There are strict rules to where you can sleep at night if you are homeless. You don't see homeless people often in shanghai and you can probably see them around the end of the year near Chinese New Year or right after Chinese new year. These temporary homeless are waiting to go home for Chinese New Year or waiting for a new job after Chinese New Year. Would people choose to be homeless and hungry if they have the option of a proper shelter and proper food? I am pretty sure they will choose the latter.
Its actually not easy to be homeless in China. There is no stigma in living with the parents and most parents are willing to shelter their children in their homes even if their relationship wasn't that good.
Its relatively easy to find a job in China as a PRC citizen if you are willing to work hard. There are many fall back jobs such as being delivery man or becoming Didi drivers. Many become jobless because they do not want to do those job due to various social reason such as pride or having the option to stay jobless for long period of time without starving or being homeless.
For the mentally ill, there are gov-run place for them to stay in. However, most of the minor cases of mental illness are being taken care of by their own family members.
Chinese in general accept that they don't live in a welfare society and must work to live. They will scramble something to make money on the side and get by. There are gov welfare but many don't even know how to apply for one or know that it exist.
我是加拿大人，曾经生活在温哥华。你描述的情况在温哥华也发生过，这就是为什么现在温哥华有帐篷城市，而富人住在数百万美元的房子里的原因。这与中国的不同之处在于：
中国有户口制度。如果你没有你所居住的城市的户口（居住证），你就无法享受该城市的福利服务。这个古老的制度（几千年前）至今仍在使用以防止你描述的城市问题。
上海的失业和无家可归者宁愿回家也不愿在街上挨饿。如果你是无家可归者，晚上睡觉的地方有严格的规定。你在上海不会经常看到无家可归者，可能只有在年底临近春节或春节后才会看到他们，这些临时的无家可归者正在等待回家过年或等待春节后的新工作。如果人们有住在适当的庇护所并有适当的食物的选择，他们会选择无家可归和挨饿吗？我敢肯定他们会选择后者。
在中国，无家可归其实并不容易。与父母同住并没有污名，大多数父母愿意让他们的孩子住在家里，即使他们的关系不是很好。
作为中国公民，如果你愿意努力工作，找到工作相对容易。有许多后备工作，比如送外卖或成为滴滴司机。许多人失业是因为他们由于各种社会原因（如自尊或可以选择长时间失业而不挨饿或无家可归）不愿意做这些工作。
对于精神病患者，有政府运营的地方供他们居住。然而，大多数轻微的精神疾病患者都是由他们的家人照顾的。
中国人普遍接受他们不生活在福利社会，必须工作才能生活的事实，他们会想办法赚点钱维持生活。虽然存在政府福利，但许多人甚至不知道如何申请或知道它的存在。
Being a 5th generation Shanghainese, the wealth are usually locals like my family, who were able to buy the houses cheap in the 90s and are worth millions of US dollars today. But of course some of that wealth evaporated with the housing bubble burst, but even now the median apartment still cost 30x median annual income. And after property tax was started in 2011, rent also increased a lot, so many non-locals are paying big parts of their wages to local property owners.
作为一个第五代上海人，财富通常属于像我这样的本地人，他们在上世纪90年代以低价购买了房子，如今这些房子价值数百万美元。当然，随着房地产泡沫的破裂，部分财富蒸发了，但即使现在，中位房价仍然是年收入中位数的30倍。自2011年房产税开始实施后，租金也大幅上涨，因此许多非本地人将大部分工资支付给了本地的房产所有者。
Yup, locals are all living off of generational wealth, but they still work and aren't lazy. I didn't know about the property tax, so I looked it up and it's only for families owning more than 60 square meters per person. That would definitely affect the people owning 2-3 investment apartments!
是的，本地人都靠世代积累的财富生活，但他们仍然工作，并不懒惰。我不知道房产税的事，所以我查了一下，发现它只适用于人均拥有超过60平方米的家庭。这肯定会影响到那些拥有2-3套投资房产的人！
@Waingro808 只要你不进行房产交易，是不会征收房产税的。当你在房地产管理机构激活了你的账号进行交易后，政府才会过问你拥有的所有房产以及是否符合征收标准。房产税目前只在上海和重庆两个城市征收。没有推广的原因就是会影响房地产市场。而政府买卖土地的利润是支撑财政的主要收入。所以即便是上海和重庆，虽然被国家命令要进行试点，但在执行的时候也不是很认真。
I'd say people should stop showing off your wealth. You would attract too much unwanted attention. Without their parents most local shanghai people can't afford houses of their own. (There are exceptions) Being a millionaire isn't rich. Because being a billionaire is a reality at the moment.
我认为人们应该停止炫耀财富，因为你会吸引太多不必要的关注。没有父母的帮助，大多数上海本地人买不起自己的房子（当然有例外）。成为百万富翁并不算富有，因为现在成为亿万富翁才是现实。
All of the interviewees are articulate. I am impressed.
所有受访者都表达得很清晰，这让我印象深刻。
I would expect anyone with college level education to be articulated about their own experiences.
我期望任何有大学教育水平的人都能清晰地表达自己的经历。
Because the location they are interviewing is probably middle upper class and these guys are extremely well educated with uni level degrees. To even get into a uni that will get you these jobs in China is a feat by itself.
It has taken these guys 2x 3x the effort compared to the equivalent Western positions to get there.
因为他们采访的对象可能是中上层阶级，这些人受过高等教育，拥有大学学位。在中国，能进入一所让你获得这些工作的大学本身就是一项壮举。
与西方同等职位相比，这些人付出了2到3倍的努力才能达到这个位置。
“What is considered rich as an employee in Shanghai” is a better title. CEO in Shanghai is not as rich as CEO in the US. The rich are ppl who own conglomerates or ppl from old money. Just by being employed is difficult to break into those circles and be rich, like some interviewees have said.
“在上海作为员工，怎样会被认为是富有”是一个更好的标题。上海的CEO没有美国的CEO富有。富人是那些拥有企业集团或来自老钱家族的人，仅仅通过就业很难进入这些圈子并变得富有，就像一些受访者所说的那样。
The relocation policy（动迁）is a big one that made tons of people rich in Shanghai. My uncle’s old apartment was picked to be demolished, so the govt provided him
动迁政策是让许多上海人致富的一大原因。我叔叔的老公寓被选中拆除，政府给了他1000万元人民币用于搬迁，他花了700万元在上海郊区买了一套公寓，还剩下300万元可以随意花费，再加上他已经领取的退休金，他这辈子都不用愁了。
10m yuan is about 1.4m USD. 3m is about 400k. Probably enough to retire in Shanghai but not enough in western countries. The best part about China is the low cost of living. In the US to live a comfortable life you’d need at least another 1-2m usd in savings and invested well to retire comfortably at an earlier age.
1000万元人民币约合140万美元，300万元约合40万美元。这可能足够在上海退休，但在西方国家就不够了。中国最好的部分是生活成本低。在美国，要过上舒适的生活，你至少需要另外100-200万美元的储蓄并进行良好的投资，才能在较早的年龄舒适地退休。
@charlescg3904 low cost anywhere outside of Beijing and Shanghai, these 2 places have the same cost as Tokyo, but still of course much lower than NA and europe
在北京和上海以外的任何地方，生活成本都很低。虽然这两个地方的生活成本与东京相当，但仍然比北美和欧洲低得多。
@charlescg3904 Bruh, retiring in Shanghai probably worst idea in China. There are hundreds of lower tier cities that are chill but still highly developed. With $400k, you can live like a kind till you die in those small cities. That's why during Chinese new year, younger generation living in the giant cities travel to their parents retired in the countryside or small towns.
兄弟，在上海退休可能是中国最糟糕的想法，因为中国有数百个既舒适又高度发达的低线城市。有了40万美元，你可以在这些小城市里像国王一样生活到死。这就是为什么在春节期间，生活在大城市的年轻一代会去他们的父母退休的乡村或小镇的原因。
The other day I had lunch with my parents in Huaihai road, one of the busiest roads in Shanghai, it was grilled meat, three of us spent in total about 20 usd, we can barely finish the food, too many different dishes were served, so Shanghai is not as expensive as you thought
前几天我和父母在上海最繁忙的道路之一淮海路吃了午饭，吃的是烤肉，我们三个人总共花了大约20美元，几乎吃不完，上了太多不同的菜，所以上海并没有你想象的那么贵。
My family is from Shanghai and they would always tell me "in Shanghai, there's rich people and SUPER rich people"! Every time I visit I feel it a little bit more and more. These interviews were so interesting to watch!
我的家人来自上海，他们总是告诉我“在上海，有富人和超级富人”！每次我去上海，这种感觉越来越强烈。这些采访非常有趣！
In the United States, it takes
5.8Milliondollarstobeinthetop12.26 million dollars (3 Billion Korean won) In China it's
1.1milliondollars(8.1millionyuan).InSingaporeit s5.1 million dollars (7 million Singapore dollars)
在美国，需要580万美元才能进入前1%。在韩国，需要226万美元（30亿韩元）。在中国，需要110万美元（810万元人民币）。在新加坡，需要510万美元（700万新加坡元）。
To compare SH with US cities would be unfair since the national wage difference is too big. However it is quite easy now for fresh graduates to get a higher wage in SH than Tokyo, and that's impressive development from SH
将上海与美国城市进行比较是不公平的，因为国家工资差距太大。然而，现在应届毕业生在上海获得比东京更高的工资相当容易，这是上海的显著发展。
it's absolutely not true, graduats in Shanghai are very difficult to get a job, "keng lao" 啃老 "tang ping"躺平 means no income and living with parents , that is very common in shanghai and all china.
这绝对不是真的，上海的毕业生很难找到工作，“啃老”和“躺平”意味着没有收入并与父母同住，这在上海和整个中国都非常普遍。
To compare a big country with a small country is also unfair
Leave Japan alone bro also that’s not true at all Japan gdp per capital is way higher lol
将一个大国与一个小国进行比较也是不公平的。别管日本了，兄弟，这根本不是真的，日本的人均GDP要高得多。
Comparison using absolute $ income is meaningless. You need to factor in cost of living which is represented by PPP (Purchasing power parity). On top of that you also need to consider difference in tax systems, not just the tax brackets but also some countries tax you on income derived from investments and bank interests whereas some countries don't.
使用绝对美元收入进行比较是没有意义的，你需要考虑生活成本，这由购买力平价（PPP）体现。除此之外，你还需要考虑税收制度的差异，不仅是税率，还有一些国家会对投资收入和银行利息征税，而另一些国家则不征税。
Everyone looked so beautiful in this video. idk but that's the first word that popped to my mind. Like everywhere else it feels like there's unclean air around us, but even in a city like Shanghai, it looked so clean and everyone looked more beautiful
在这个视频中，每个人看起来都很美。我不知道为什么，但这是我脑海中浮现的第一个词。就像其他地方一样，我感觉我们周围的空气不干净，但即使在上海这样的城市，它看起来也很干净，每个人都看起来更美。
The difference btwn man on the street videos for other countries compared to ones with Americans is an embarrassment. They are so articulate and their answers are well thought out. Great pronunciation as well. Opposite in america in most cases
其他国家与美国的街头采访视频之间的差异令人尴尬。他们表达得非常清晰，回答也经过深思熟虑，发音也很棒。在美国大多数情况下则相反。
We have a comedy group in Australia called The Chaser, who used to do pranks on Americans with maps and questions about the places on the map. I really wonder how they'd go in a place like Shanghai. They'd probably end up getting an education in geography.
我们在澳大利亚有一个喜剧团体叫The Chaser，他们曾经用地图和关于地图上的地点的问题来恶搞美国人。我真的很想知道他们在上海这样的地方会怎么样，他们可能会最终接受地理教育。
been to Shanghai for work related trip, love the city.. it was amazing, the food, the atmosphere.. i dont know for people that rent and really live there.. but to me as visitor.. its way better and cheaper compared to Singapore
曾因工作相关的原因去过上海，我喜欢这座城市……它很棒，食物、氛围……我不知道对于那些租房并真正生活在那里的人来说如何……但对我来说作为游客……它比新加坡好得多且便宜。
Just a few weeks ago, i was in Shanghai. Food was so good and cheap compared to Singapore.
DaDong roast duck was only RMB288. In Singapore it would cost at least RMB600 for the same thing.
Bubble tea in Shanghai only RMB7 to 10, in Singapore at least RMB15 to 30
Good hotel in Shanghai only RMB1000 a nite, in Singapore, similar hotel in city location is at least RMB2000 a nite
就在几周前，我生活上海，食物非常好且比新加坡便宜。
大董烤鸭只要288元人民币，而在新加坡，同样的东西至少要600元人民币。
上海的奶茶只要7到10元人民币，而在新加坡至少要15到30元人民币。
上海的好酒店每晚只要1000元人民币，而在新加坡，类似的城市酒店每晚至少要2000元人民币。
Gotta say all interviewees in this vid are not only smart but also keen on both how things going on around them in China, and how things run in the west say US, THAT'S why they look staying chill while answering questions, seeing things in a much confident manner other than acting like crying babe and complaining everything downturn in this gloomy economic circumstance.
我不得不说这个视频中的所有受访者不仅聪明，而且对中国周围发生的事情以及西方（比如美国）的运作方式都很敏锐，这就是为什么他们在回答问题时看起来很冷静，以非常自信的方式看待事物而不是像哭闹的婴儿一样抱怨在这个暗淡的经济环境中一切都在下滑。
China is very cheap compared with the whole world. I have been to many countries in Asia, and the basic prices in Shanghai are even cheaper than my hometown of Kaohsiung, Taiwan. In my observation, compared with Japan and Taiwan today, people in China are closer to the way of thinking of Americans and are more willing to start a business and try, which is not a common culture in East Asia or Asia.
与全世界相比，中国非常便宜。我去过亚洲的许多国家，上海的基本价格甚至比我的家乡台湾（地区）高雄还要便宜。根据我的观察，与今天的日本和台湾（地区）相比，中国人更接近美国人的思维方式，更愿意创业和尝试，这在东亚或亚洲并不常见。
It's funny the massive gap between people who think working hard will make you rich vs the truth that accumulating vast wealth that replaces income makes you rich. Can you realistically accumulate vast wealth in one lifetime? Maybe if you get extremely lucky or go the entertainment route, but for the vast majority of people they will live a subsistence living, and maybe that is ok.
有趣的是认为努力工作会让你富有的人与积累大量财富取代收入让你富有的事实之间存在巨大的差距。你能在一生中真正积累大量的财富吗？也许如果你非常幸运或走娱乐路线的话可以，但对于绝大多数人来说，他们将过着勉强维持生计的生活，也许这也没问题。
It's noticeable that the more reasoned perspectives in this video come primarily from the older individual. Younger people often lack the in-depth experience to understand how society truly functions, particularly in complex urban environments. videos can easily create a misleading perception of realworld life. For instance, sexting ten seemingly decent young people on the street is a clear case of survivorship bias, and it doesn't represent the broader population. Similarly, conducting random interviews with ten people at a train station, which typically attracts lower-income demographics, will also produce skewed results.
A more accurate reflection might be obtained by interviewing diverse age groups at a Walmart after work on a Friday. However, even this approach won't provide a completely comprehensive view.The reality is that the world is complex. To achieve a truly representative understanding of current conditions requires extensive statistical data and in-depth research across diverse populations, which is beyond the scope of most video creators.
The way for viewers to maintain rational thinking is to critically uate information, avoiding being swayed by a single perspective that distorts the true nature of the world. After all, diffrent people have different aspects.
值得注意的是，这个视频中更有理有据的观点主要来自年长的个体。年轻人往往缺乏深入的经验来理解社会如何真正运作，特别是在复杂的城市环境中。视频很容易对现实生活产生误导性的看法。例如，在街上选择十个看似体面的年轻人是明显的幸存者偏差，并不能代表更广泛的人群。同样，在火车站随机采访十个人，通常吸引的是低收入人群，也会产生偏差的结果。
通过在周五下班后采访沃尔玛的不同年龄组，可能会得到更准确的反映。然而，即使这种方法也无法提供完全全面的观点。现实是世界是复杂的。要真正代表性地理解当前状况，需要广泛的统计数据和跨不同人群的深入研究，这超出了大多数视频创作者的能力。
观众保持理性思考的方式是批判性地评估信息，避免被单一观点所左右，这些观点可能会扭曲世界的真实本质。毕竟，不同的人有不同的方面。