为什么美国吸引了比其他国家更多的非法移民?为什么他们不均等地涌入澳大利亚、英国和加拿大?
Why does America draw in more illegal immigrants than any other country? Why don't they equally flood in to Australia, the UK, & Canada?
译文简介
网友:嘿,听我说!事情是这样的,为什么美国吸引比其他国家更多非法移民?因为它就像是机会的土地,伙计!美国有着蓬勃发展的经济、大量的就业机会,并且以给人们提供更好生活机会的名声著称。而且,它还有那个“美国梦”,你懂的?
正文翻译
Shana Jarvis
Yo, check it out! So, here's the dealio. The reason why America draws in more illegal immigrants than any other country is because it's like the land of opportunities, man! The US of A has a booming economy, big job market, and a reputation for giving people a shot at a better life. Plus, it's got that American Dream thing going on, you know?
嘿,听我说!事情是这样的,为什么美国吸引比其他国家更多非法移民?因为它就像是机会的土地,伙计!美国有着蓬勃发展的经济、大量的就业机会,并且以给人们提供更好生活机会的名声著称。而且,它还有那个“美国梦”,你懂的?
Yo, check it out! So, here's the dealio. The reason why America draws in more illegal immigrants than any other country is because it's like the land of opportunities, man! The US of A has a booming economy, big job market, and a reputation for giving people a shot at a better life. Plus, it's got that American Dream thing going on, you know?
嘿,听我说!事情是这样的,为什么美国吸引比其他国家更多非法移民?因为它就像是机会的土地,伙计!美国有着蓬勃发展的经济、大量的就业机会,并且以给人们提供更好生活机会的名声著称。而且,它还有那个“美国梦”,你懂的?
Now, you might be wonderin' why these peeps don't equally flood into Australia, the UK, or Canada. Well, those places are cool too, but they ain't got the same magnetism as America. It's like the difference between a regular party and one that's off the hook! America's got that wild vibe and undeniable pull that makes it the ultimate destination for those chasin' dreams and opportunities.
So, to sum it up real quick, America's got that special somethin'-somethin' that makes it a hot spot for
你可能会想,为什么这些人不均等地涌入澳大利亚、英国或加拿大呢?嗯,那些地方也不错,但它们没有美国那么有吸引力。就像是一个普通的派对和一个超级热闹的派对之间的区别!美国有那种狂野的氛围和无法抗拒的吸引力,让它成为那些追求梦想和机会的人的终极目的地。所以,简单总结一下,美国有那种特别的魅力,让它成为移民的热门目的地。
So, to sum it up real quick, America's got that special somethin'-somethin' that makes it a hot spot for
你可能会想,为什么这些人不均等地涌入澳大利亚、英国或加拿大呢?嗯,那些地方也不错,但它们没有美国那么有吸引力。就像是一个普通的派对和一个超级热闹的派对之间的区别!美国有那种狂野的氛围和无法抗拒的吸引力,让它成为那些追求梦想和机会的人的终极目的地。所以,简单总结一下,美国有那种特别的魅力,让它成为移民的热门目的地。
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Well perhaps you would understand it if you look at a world map.
If you look at North America you will see that there is a border to the north of the contiguous 48 states. Move your eyes lower down the map and you will see a similar border on the south of the contiguous states.
Now move your eyes left, a bit further left, not quite as far as Australia. You see New Zealand? Two smallish islands and a much smaller island down the bottom of the page.
让我们从世界地图来看,也许你会明白一些。如果你看北美,你会看到在美国本土的北边有一条边界。把眼睛往下移,你会看到美国本土南边也有类似的边界。
接下来把眼睛往左移,再往左一点,但别移得太远,没到澳大利亚那么远。你看到了新西兰吗?有两个小岛和一个在页面底部的更小的岛屿。
如果你想非法进入一个国家,有几种方法;你可以飞到任何一个机场,告诉他们你是游客或学生,一旦进入这个国家,你就不打算离开。事实上,大多数非法移民就是通过这种方式进入一个国家的。另一个方式是坐船,虽然这是一个相当冒险的方式,所以只有最绝望的难民才会使用这种方法。难民或申请难民身份的人并不是非法移民。还有一种进入国家的方式是开车或步行穿越边界。回到地图上,你可以看到美国有两条漫长的边界线,但你能看到新西兰有任何陆地边界吗?没有吧?那是因为新西兰没有陆地边界。如果你想走路进入新西兰,你将面临严重的问题。
这一切都忽略了新西兰比美国小得多这一事实。美国有数亿人口,对于潜在的非法移民来说,他们可以融入他们决定居住的社区。从你的地图研究中可以很明显看出,一个大国,人口众多并且有陆地边界的国家,永远会有更多的非法移民。
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Because Canada,UK and Australia have point-based systems for legal immigration and their legal immigration system is not broken but US doesn’t have point-based system and the legal immigration system is broken
因为加拿大、英国和澳大利亚有基于积分的合法移民系统,而且它们的合法移民系统运作正常,而美国没有基于积分的系统,合法移民系统也出现了问题。
The USA by far.
Canada, like most other countries in the world, does not allow any illegal aliens.
Since President Reagan pardoned all the illegal aliens in 1986, about 15 million illegal aliens have crossed over our borders.
The only other country in the world with more illegal aliens than the USA is India.
美国是最多的。
像世界上大多数国家一样,加拿大不允许任何非法移民。自从1986年里根总统赦免所有非法移民以来,大约有1500万非法移民越过了我们的边界。世界上唯一非法移民比美国还多的国家是印度。
I don’t know the precise numbers, but if the USA does have more illegal immigrants than Canada, geography would play a huge role. We simply don’t have a border with the developing world, or with anyone other than the USA, really.
But we are currently getting a huge overspill of illegal immigrants from the USA, fearful of being deported to their dangerous homelands.
我不清楚具体的数字,但如果美国的非法移民比加拿大多,地理因素将发挥巨大作用。我们根本没有与发展中国家接壤的边界,或者除了与美国相邻,我们几乎没有别的陆地边界。
但是我们现在正从美国接收大量非法移民,他们担心被遣返回危险的故乡。
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There are about as many illegal immigrants in America as people in Canada’s most populated province, Ontario. If this truth doesn’t answer your inquiry, nothing will. As fellow Canadian Gareth Jones correctly noted, America has a love/hate relationship with illegal immigration.
美国的非法移民大约和加拿大人口最多的省——安大略省的总人口差不多。如果这个事实不能回答你的问题,那么就没有什么能回答了。正如加拿大同行Gareth Jones所正确指出的,美国与非法移民有一种爱恨交织的关系。
一方面,很多商界人士,尤其是大多数支持共和党的商界人士,喜欢非法移民作为廉价且可剥削的劳动力。另一方面,许多受到这一做法影响、仍然支持共和党的人,谴责非法移民已经导致美国文化和社会的重大变化:它摧毁了美国的“熔炉文化”,取而代之的是一个双语和多元文化的社会。虽然加拿大人可能天真地接受并将双语和多元文化视为信条,但美国人则更倾向于认为这两者是其他因素的意外后果。
气候和地理现实进一步促成了为什么非法移民在美国远比在加拿大更为普遍,但上述段落在我看来概括了问题的关键。可悲的是,这不仅仅描述了某些美国人无法接受美国未来变得更加多样化的事实,还表明这些人没有意识到这是自我造成的违反行为的教科书式例子。
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UK and Australia are surrounded by ocean, and most illegal immigrants into the US come from central and south america.
And the US sits between immigrants and Canada, and under a treaty between our two countries, asylum seekers must put their claim in at the first nation they arrive in, which is effectively always the US.
英国和澳大利亚被海洋包围,而大多数非法移民进入美国都是来自中美洲和南美洲。而且,美国位于移民和加拿大之间,根据我们两国之间的协议,寻求庇护者必须在他们到达的第一个国家申请庇护,而这个国家通常就是美国。
They certainly have, starting with the Pilgrim Fathers, who didn’t get any sort of immigration clearance from the First Nations.
But they did equally immigrate illegally into Australia and Canada. The Aborigines were most unimpressed; the Iroquois more neutral.
他们确实如此,从朝圣者开始,他们没有得到第一民族的移民许可。但是,他们同样非法移民到了澳大利亚和加拿大。澳大利亚的土著人对此感到非常不满;易洛魁人则比较中立。
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The US does not significantly penalise those who hire or otherwise aid or accommodate illegal immigrants, nor does it significantly combat illegal immigration.
Many US residents and businesses take advantage of leaky frontiers and poor immigration-employment law enforcement by hiring illegal aliens.
There is considerable partisan support (Democrat party) for illegal immigration.
美国对雇佣或以其他方式帮助或安置非法移民的人没有显著的惩罚措施,也没有有效打击非法移民。许多美国居民和企业利用边界漏洞和移民就业法执法不力,通过雇佣非法移民来获利。美国的部分政党(特别是民主党)也支持非法移民。
America has always been a country that likes to exploit labour and what group of workers is more easily exploited than illegal immigrants. Hence, law enforcement looks the other way when businesses employ these poor people. In other countries there are very strict penalties imposed on businesses who employ people who don’t possess proper paperwork.
美国一直是一个喜欢剥削劳动力的国家,而哪个群体的工人更容易被剥削呢?当然是非法移民。因此,执法部门对企业雇佣这些贫困人群睁一只眼闭一只眼。在其他国家,企业如果雇佣没有合法证件的人,通常会受到非常严格的惩罚。
On what do you base that question? For its size (geographic or population) USA has less of a problem with that than UK. Canada has less but only due to only having one land border - although that has seen a big jump since Trump took power! Australia and NZ are sufficiently remote that it is relatively hard for migrants.
你这个问题的基础是什么?就地理大小(无论是地理面积还是人口)而言,美国在这方面的问题比英国少。加拿大的问题较少,但仅仅因为它只有一个陆地边界——不过自从特朗普上任以来,情况有了很大的变化!澳大利亚和新西兰相对遥远,移民比较难进入。
The simple answer is lack of immigration enforcement and little if any penalties when apprehended. We have well over 11 million illegals in the country right with more and more coming in at will either border jumping or visa overstaying.
简单来说,是因为移民执法不力,而且一旦被抓,几乎没有惩罚。我们国家有超过1100万非法移民,而且越来越多的人随意进入,要么越过边境,要么逗留超过签证期限。
Employers who hire illegals should be in jail and the illegals should be facing felony charges not meaningless immigration charges.
我们的一些政客说要放过非法移民。其他人则大肆叫嚷说要采取行动,但他们什么也没做来阻止这个“入侵”。
雇佣非法移民的雇主应该入狱,非法移民应该面临重罪指控,而不是毫无意义的移民指控。
It has to do with geography, meteorology, and economics.
Australia and the UK are islands with no adjacent land borders. Canada has one internatonal border to the south that is frozen half of the year. The southern US border is in a temperate climate that can be crossed every day of the year. The economic and living conditions in the US are a lure to illegal aliens south of the border.
这与地理、气候和经济有关。
澳大利亚和英国都是岛屿,没有邻近的陆地边界。加拿大只有一个南边的国际边界,而那边在一年中的一半时间是结冰的。美国南部的边界位于温带气候地区,可以全年跨越。美国的经济和生活条件吸引了大量来自南方边境的非法移民。
Because it is much closer to Europe. If you’re a poor man in western Europe in the 1800s, would you rather endure the 6 week trip in the hold of a ship going across the Atlantic, or go all the way to the opposite end of the earth? Check a globe. Brisbane is on the opposite side of the earth from London. Takes 3 months.
因为它离欧洲更近。如果你是19世纪的西欧贫困人群,你会选择忍受6周的船程穿越大西洋,还是去地球的另一端?看看地图,布里斯班在地球的另一侧,离伦敦相距三个月的航程。
Don’t know if the US does. One reason why the US may have more illegal aliens is it a much larger country. In addition it is located next to a much poorer country with a 2000 mile land border.
不知道美国是否存在这样的问题。美国可能有更多的非法移民是因为它是一个更大的国家。而且,它紧邻一个贫穷的国家,有着2000英里的陆地边界。
澳大利亚和英国也有非法移民,但不清楚它们是否比美国更多或更少,按百分比计算。因为它们两个国家都是岛屿,进入这两个国家要困难得多。加拿大只有与美国的一个边界。美国和加拿大之间有很多非法移民。比较苹果和橙子总是很困难。比较欧盟和美国会更好。猜猜看,欧盟有更多的非法移民。
The obvious answer is simply that America is easier to get to.
The UK and Australia are both island nations (although Australia stretches that definition!), meaning that anyone wanting to reach them must either fly, thereby passing through border control, or go by boat. Boat is the less traceable option, but even then Australia is miles from anywhere, and to get to the English Channel - one of the busiest shipping lanes in the world, you first have to pass through all of Europe.
显而易见的答案是,美国更容易到达。
英国和澳大利亚都是岛国(尽管澳大利亚在这个定义上有点拉长!),这意味着任何想要到达它们的人必须飞行,经过边境检查,或者乘船。船是一个不容易被追踪的方式,但即便如此,澳大利亚离任何地方都很远,要到达英吉利海峡——世界上最繁忙的航运通道之一,你首先得穿越整个欧洲。
加拿大不是一个岛屿,但它的唯一陆地边界是与美国的边界,而且它的海上邻国是格林兰、挪威和俄罗斯。这些都不算,因为是北极地区。由于它唯一的陆地边界是与美国的,任何通过陆地的移民必须先经过美国。在这种情况下,为什么不直接留在美国呢?(除了总统有点疯,人民可能也有些种族主义倾向)。
进入这些国家并长期停留的唯一简便方法(也是美国最常见的非法移民方式)就是飞入并逗留超过签证期限。由于美国的面积和人口庞大,而且移民部门有大量积压,实际上在美国隐匿的难度比其他三个国家低。英国、澳大利亚和加拿大的面积和人口都远小于美国,这使得它们更容易跟踪居民。而且因为这些国家更难到达,它们处理的移民案件(无论是合法还是非法)也较少,这使得它们在驱逐或合法化移民方面更加高效。
Australia is an island. This makes difficult for intruding. Secondly, it's neighbour New Zealand is fairly stable developed country. Australia seems to be aloof from all the world politics and it's economy. So never advertises itself as great country. America on the hand isn't something unheard of. It is victim of its own success. It tells everyone about the American dream.
澳大利亚是一个岛国,这使得非法入境变得困难。其次,它的邻国新西兰是一个相对稳定和发达的国家。澳大利亚似乎与世界政治和经济保持一定的距离,因此它从不宣扬自己是个伟大的国家。而美国则不同,它并不是一个不为人知的地方,它自食其果,自己讲述“美国梦”的故事。
加拿大拥有发达国家的一切。唯一的缺点是天气。加拿大的天气不是你会期待的那种,严寒的冬季和少得可怜的阳光。大多数非法移民将从事低薪的户外工作,而不是豪华的办公室工作。这进一步劝退了那些希望非法进入的人。
最后,你会非法移民到一个你认为有更高薪水、更多工作机会的国家。(显然!你不会移民到一个没有你愿意从事工作的国家)。最重要的是,隐匿的地方。美国提供了一切。这里有很多小的、低薪的户外工作,例如建筑、小镇商店等等。看看美国的房地产,你很容易在明尼苏达州、内布拉斯加州的小镇,甚至在芝加哥和纽约这样的大城市找到藏身之处。这里很容易保持低调,不被察觉。而英国则不一样,它的经济并不像美国那样繁荣,不为低层次的小工人提供足够的就业机会。而且它是一个非常小的国家。美国的一些州比欧洲的一些国家还要大!
It is bigger and it is complicit in encouraging the cheap labour to come to them. In nations that take some pride in the standard of living within their borders it is a little more expensive to have people on board that are not part of the system so it is harder to function without the right paperwork. In the US HOWEVER it tends to be a free for all dog eat dog situation. Where the leaders of industry encourage the importation of workers destined to he under paid.
它更大,而且它在鼓励廉价劳动力进入方面也有一定的责任。在那些对境内生活水平有所自豪的国家,雇佣没有合法身份的人会更昂贵,因此没有合适文件的人更难在这些国家生存。然而,在美国,情况恰恰相反,似乎是一个“丛林法则”,竞争非常激烈。那些行业领导者鼓励引进工人,使他们的薪资低廉。
Australia is a large unauthorized immigrant target. Being an island, it's harder to arrive undetected, but immigration is a large political issue there, comparable to the U.S. The same is true in the U.K. Spain and Italy also have large unauthorized immigrant populations. A lot of European countries do.
澳大利亚是一个大规模非法移民的目标。作为一个岛屿,抵达并不容易被发现,但移民问题在这里是一个大的政治议题,类似于美国。英国也是如此。西班牙和意大利也有大量非法移民人口,许多欧洲国家都有类似问题。
其中一个最大不同点是,许多国家在难民政策上比美国更为一致。是的,美国接受许多难民,但这些政策比其他一些国家更加随意且容易受到政治气候的影响。加拿大没有那么多非法移民,因为它接受了更多因各种原因而合法入境的移民。换句话说,成为合法移民在加拿大要容易得多。
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显然,许多美国人把他们的种族主义隐藏在“非法”这个词背后,因为如果合法性是唯一的问题,那么猜猜看?法律可以改变,以使更多的移民合法化,问题就能解决了。但实际上,大多数反移民的美国人并不仅仅关心合法技术性问题,他们是种族主义排外者,无论移民是否合法,他们都会反对移民。
Several reasons.
No land borders with any other countries. Illegals have to come by boat over long distances which is much more difficult than simply climbing (or going under) a fence or swimming a river.
Australia used to have a problem with illegal boat arrivals who were assisted by people smugglers. Government policy was instituted that anyone who arrived illegally by sea could NEVER get PR in Australia.
有几个原因。
澳大利亚没有与其他国家的陆地边界。非法移民必须通过长途船只抵达,这比简单地爬越(或游过)栅栏或游过河流要困难得多。
澳大利亚曾经面临非法船只抵达的问题,这些人是由偷渡贩子协助的。政府制定了政策,任何通过海路非法抵达的人永远无法获得澳大利亚永久居留权。
一旦这个消息传开,非法船只抵达几乎立即消失了。任何试图非法进入的人都会被无期限地拘留在离岸的移民拘留设施中。即使他们因某种原因被允许进入澳大利亚,他们也永远无法获得永久居留权。有些人已经在拘留中,或者以临时签证释放了多年。
所有想要飞往澳大利亚的人必须在登机前获得签证。虽然一些合法入境的人会逗留超期,但我们知道他们在这里,我们知道他们是谁,一旦他们引起我们的注意,他们会被拘留并驱逐出境。