美国正在再次建设工厂，但谁会去那里工作呢？
America Is Building Factories Again. But Who Will Work in Them?
译文简介
我是德国人。像现在很多人一样，我们实际上感觉到世界正在失控，这里的事情似乎在滑向错误的方向。你提到德国作为一个好例子让我非常高兴，这让我意识到我们并不是在所有方面都很糟糕。谢谢你，我今天很开心。
正文翻译
我是德国人。像现在很多人一样，我们实际上感觉到世界正在失控，这里的事情似乎在滑向错误的方向。你提到德国作为一个好例子让我非常高兴，这让我意识到我们并不是在所有方面都很糟糕。谢谢你，我今天很开心。
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@abrakadaver7495
German here. Like a lot of people right now we actually have the feeling that the world is getting out of hand and that things here seem to slip in a wrong direction. That you mentioned Germany as a good example made me really happy. It made me realize that we are not sucking at everything. Thank you for that. Made my day
我是德国人。像现在很多人一样，我们实际上感觉到世界正在失控，这里的事情似乎在滑向错误的方向。你提到德国作为一个好例子让我非常高兴，这让我意识到我们并不是在所有方面都很糟糕。谢谢你，我今天很开心。
Germany is in a complicated situation, and mostly because the older generation did not have enough babies. But Germany is still and will remain a great country even if its importance will decline with time.
德国处于一个复杂的局面，这主要是因为老一辈没有生育足够的孩子，但德国仍然并将继续是一个伟大的国家，即使它的重要性会随着时间的推移而下降。
Unfortunately, Germany's industries cannot be competitive with the high cost of energy. The United States has a big advantage of having sufficient energy resources locally...
不幸的是德国的工业无法在高能源成本下参与竞争。美国有一个很大的优势，那就是本地有充足的能源资源……
As a former industrial electrician and now an electrical engineer, I am happy and proud to see this. We need more of this here in America.
作为一名前工业电工，现在是电气工程师，我很高兴和自豪看到这一点。我们在美国需要更多这样的东西。
Studying electronics engineering here. Are we, Electrical/Electronics will still have high demand in the future?( assumin competent)
我在学习电子工程。电气/电子专业在未来仍然会有高需求吗（假设有能力的话）？
@omniyambot9876 , I assume we will as automation and IoT becomes more diffused and popular.
我认为随着自动化和物联网的普及和流行，是的。
@@udlrrldu621 , the cost of not having them is much higher. It has been a while, but if I remember it right, the cost of a breakdown at a Ford plant I worked at was $20,000 a minute. Most companies face similar losses due to breakdowns. That is why they are more than willing to pay 70k a year for an electrician.
没有他们的成本要高得多。这种情况已经有一段时间了，如果我记得没错，我在福特工厂工作时，每分钟的停机成本是2万美元。大多数公司会因停机而面临类似的损失。这就是为什么他们非常愿意每年支付7万美元给电工的原因。
You can make a good living as a blue collar worker. Not everybody needs a college degree to become successful. The problem stems from the constant push to get kids into college with school counselors promoting the "Work smart, not hard" agenda as if working in a trade is something to be ashamed of.
作为一名蓝领工人，你可以过上很好的生活，并不是每个人都需要大学学位才能成功。问题源于学校辅导员不断推动孩子们进入大学，宣传“聪明地工作，而不是努力地工作”的议程，好像从事贸易工作是件可耻的事一样。
I agree but you have a generation of folks that were told that the only way we were going to be successful was if we became engineers, doctors, IT, or lawyers. So now we have a ton of highly educated people with specific degrees coupled with the lowest living affordability of any modern generation, and that's why trade skills don't seem viable. Trying to raise a family on $60,000 a year seems like a struggle to most people nowadays
我同意，但你们有一代人被告知我们唯一能成功的方式是成为工程师、医生、IT人员或律师，所以现在我们有很多受过高等教育，拥有特定学位，但生活负担能力却是现代世代中最低的人，这就是为什么贸易技能似乎不可行。如今，试图用每年6万美元养家糊口对大多数人来说似乎是一种挣扎。
College isn't meant for everyone and the trades are where it's at! Many people get useless degrees and huge loans, I know plenty of people like that. I got my engineering degree and now I'm 28, earn $115k, no debt, and work fully remote! But how many can be and excel as engineers? I've let many of my cousins know the trap that is college and to be realistic with their ability and willingness. If it's not a fit then I push them to the trades, military, or civil service. No need to work in an office if you're barely making more than min wage.
大学并不适合每个人，贸易才是出路！很多人获得了无用的学位和巨额贷款，我认识很多这样的人。我获得了工程学位，现在28岁，每年赚11.5万美元，没有债务，完全远程工作！但有多少人能成为工程师并胜任？我让我的许多表亲知道了大学的陷阱，并让他们对自己的能力和意愿保持现实。如果不合适，我就把他们推向贸易、军队或公务员。如果你勉强赚得比最低工资多，就没有必要在办公室工作。
Because for the last 30 years, all the trade jobs moved overseas to places like China.
No trade jobs here in America so they had to market the 4 year college thing.
Then they found out most college grads can't find work.
因为在过去的30年里，所有的贸易工作都转移到了中国等海外地区。
美国没有贸易工作，所以他们不得不推销四年制大学。
然后他们发现大多数大学毕业生都找不到工作。
The real battle will be building the housing supply needed for this workforce. You shouldn't have to be a doctor or a partner at a law firm to be able to afford a house with air conditioning, more than one toilet, and a commute that's 30 minutes or less.
真正的战斗将是建造这支劳动力所需的住房供应，你不应该必须是医生或律师事务所的合伙人才能买得起有空调、不止一个卫生间和通勤时间30分钟或更短的房子。
Pay a liveable wage and finding qualified quality employees will be easy. Keep paying below what could sustain a household in today's market and you'll continue to get overwhelmed, overworked candidates. Working 2-3 jobs is common now , and there are a lot of people living in their vehicles just so they can save money.
支付可维持生活的工资，找到合格的高质量员工将很容易。继续支付低于当今市场维持家庭所需的工资，你将继续得到不堪重负、过度工作的候选人。现在做2-3份工作很常见，很多人住在车里只是为了省钱。
Wage depends on how valuable your skills set is and how irreplaceable you are... companies don't owe you anything, it's your job to sell your skill...
There are many Jobe that pay very well for blue and white Collar skills that are harder to replace, from software development to industrial welding
工资取决于你的技能有多有价值以及你有多不可替代……公司不欠你任何东西，你的工作是推销你的技能……
从软件开发到工业焊接，有很多为蓝领和白领技能支付很高的薪水的工作，这些技能更难被替代。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Most factory jobs pay pretty well actually compared to service sector jobs. People really only work 2 or 3 jobs when they don't work full time for each of them. At most it's a full time job and a part time.
实际上，大多数工厂工作的薪酬比服务行业工作要好得多。人们只有在不为每份工作全职工作时才会做2或3份工作，他们最多会做一份全职工作和一份兼职工作。
Everyone loves to scream about paying a living wage, but when it comes time to put their money where their mouth is, suddenly their principles disappear. The hard truth is this: wages aren’t just set by employers—they’re set by consumers. If you want higher wages, you have to be willing to pay for them. But are you?
American labor costs more—plain and simple. Businesses in the U.S. pay higher wages, deal with strict regulations, offer benefits, and cover massive overhead costs. That means American-made products cost more. If people actually cared about wages, they’d be actively choosing American-made goods over cheap imports, no matter the price difference. But when it comes down to it, when there’s a
50American−madeproductnexttoa10 foreign import, most people will grab the cheap one without a second thought. And then they turn around and complain that workers aren’t making enough. That’s hypocrisy.
The truth is, the real minimum wage is what people are willing to pay for goods and services. Every time someone chooses the cheaper, foreign-made option over an American product, they are directly contributing to lower wages and outsourcing. They are the reason American factories shut down. They are the reason businesses struggle to compete while foreign companies thrive on cheap labor and lax regulations. You can’t demand “living wages” while constantly voting with your wallet against them.
If people were serious about fair wages, they’d be demanding and buying American-made products, even when they cost more. But instead, they take the easy way out, grabbing the cheapest option and then acting shocked when jobs disappear and wages stagnate. The reality is simple: people choose what workers get paid with their own purchases. If they aren’t willing to support American businesses with their money, they have no right to complain when those businesses can’t afford to pay more.
每个人都喜欢高喊工资只够维生，但当需要付诸行动时，他们的原则突然消失了。残酷的事实是：工资不仅仅由雇主设定——它们还由消费者设定。如果你想要更高的工资，你必须愿意为此付出代价，但你愿意吗？
美国劳动力成本更高——简单明了。美国企业支付更高的工资，应对严格的法规，提供福利并承担巨大的管理费用，这意味着美国制造的产品的成本更高。如果人们真的关心工资，他们会积极选择美国制造的产品而不是廉价的进口产品，无论价格差异如何。但当涉及到实际选择时，当50美元的美国制造产品旁边有10美元的进口产品时，大多数人会毫不犹豫地选择便宜的，然后他们转身抱怨工人赚得不够，这是虚伪的。
事实是真正的最低工资是人们愿意为商品和服务支付的价格。每次有人选择更便宜的外国制造产品而不是美国产品时，他们都在直接导致工资下降和外包，他们是美国工厂关闭的原因。他们是企业在竞争中挣扎的原因，而外国公司则依靠廉价劳动力和宽松的法规蓬勃发展。你不能一边要求“更高的工资”，一边用钱包投票反对它们。
如果人们真的关心公平的工资，他们会要求并购买美国制造的产品，即使它们更贵。但相反，他们选择简单的方式，抓住最便宜的选择，然后在工作消失和工资停滞时表现得震惊。现实很简单：人们通过自己的购买决定工人的工资。如果他们不愿意用钱支持美国企业，当这些企业无法支付更多时，他们就没有权利抱怨。
I work in a semiconductor factory, and most of us do on the job training, the programing and electrical engineers need nothing more than a certification or associates degree. And these are microchips for vehicles and medicals things. So you dont neccescarly need skilled workers, you need people who will show up to work.
我在一家半导体工厂工作，我们大多数人都在进行在职培训，编程和电气工程师只需要一个证书或副学士学位，这些产品是用于车辆和医疗设备的微芯片。所以你并不一定需要熟练工人，你需要的是会来上班的人。
This is the American Business Standard: make the public sector pay for the privilege of hosting a business. It works in sports (taxpayers pay for stadiums, etc but can't afford a ticket to the game) and a multitude of other industries that receive public funding both directly and indirectly including in the example of this video, publicly paid worker training. Since Germany is alluded to as a prelude, let's look at the other half of the equation. The German state heavily subsidizes businesses but also collects corporate taxes that would be considered outrageous by American standards. Furthermore, German businesses are not permitted to simply pull up stakes and ships factories overseas, nor are they allowed to oppose unxs. They are required to put employees first and business opportunities second. Overpaid executives are a rarity. Frankly, I am becoming sickened by the business and opportunity crowd demolishing all cooperative institutions on the altar of profit.
这是美国商业标准：让公共部门为建立企业的特权买单。这在体育（纳税人支付体育场等费用，但买不起比赛门票）以及许多其他直接或间接接受公共资金的行业中有效，包括本视频中的例子，用公共资金支付工人培训的费用。既然德国作为前奏被提及，让我们看看等式的另一半。德国政府大力补贴企业，但也征收在美国标准下被认为是过高的公司税。此外，德国企业不允许简单地撤资并将工厂迁往海外，也不允许反对工会。他们被要求将员工放在第一位，商业机会放在第二位。高薪高管很少见。坦率地说我对商业和机会群体在利润祭坛上摧毁所有合作机构感到恶心。
I also understand that unx members sit on some of the corporate boards, so there is a mutual understanding of what is needed, for the company and the employees to succeed.
我也了解到工会成员在一些公司董事会中任职，因此对公司成功和员工成功所需的内容有共同的理解。
I personally think that we have it backwards in the US. Stockholders and CEO always come first, and the employees are way somewhere far down the line. The formula needs to be flipped. Stockholders and CEOs should be rewarded ONLY after the workers because employees are the ones who make a company successful.
我个人认为在美国我们本末倒置了。股东和CEO总是排在第一位，而员工则远远排在后面。这个公式需要翻转，股东和CEO应该在员工之后得到奖励，因为员工才是使公司成功的人。
It's what happens when you allow corporations to make law and billionaires to buy the Supreme Court, and then do NOTHING about it because as an 80-year-old man, you still love Reaganomics.
当你允许公司制定法律，亿万富翁购买最高法院，然后对此无所作为时，就会发生这种情况，因为你作为一个80岁的老人，仍然喜欢里根经济学。
I've worked in industrial maintenance and engineering for 30+ years. Was beginning to think I was one of the last. Still kinda do. We need to focus on vocational training and get wages to where they're attractive to capable people.
我在工业维护和工程领域工作了30多年，我认为我是最后一批人之一，现在仍然这么认为。我们需要专注于职业培训，并将工资提高到对有能力的人有吸引力的水平。
In 1980 my high school, H B Beal looked exactly like the technical college in this piece. We even had a TV studio. Then a couple decades later they tore out all of the machine shops, mechanics and electronics. What a catastrophically bad idea that was.
1980年，我的高中H B Beal看起来就像这篇文章中的技术学院，我们甚至有一个电视工作室。然后几十年后，他们拆除了所有的机械车间、机械和电子设备，那是一个灾难性的坏主意。
I wonder if in the future they will get funding to build back some of what was lost. Even if they started with just one trade, it would be better than nothing and it would greatly contribute to industry.
我想知道未来他们是否会获得资金来重建一些失去的东西。即使他们只从一个行业开始，也比什么都没有好，并且这会极大地促进工业发展。
The most stable and prosperous society is the one with 80% of the people working various skilled manufacturing jobs.
Only around 10% are needed in management and those are the ones who possess a 4 year college degree.
This is exactly the set-up in America before they moved manufacturing plants overseas.
Glad they are trying to bring that back.
最稳定和繁荣的社会是80%的人从事各种熟练制造业工作的社会。
大约只有10%的拥有四年制大学学位的人需要从事管理工作。
这正是美国在将制造工厂迁往海外之前的设置。
很高兴他们正在尝试将其带回来。
There are lots of so called white collar jobs that really could be apprenticeships…long apprenticeships but still done without the need for going through a university filter…nursing and medicine for example could be honestly done through an apprenticeship…yes…a long one but they are more technical and hands on…that’s what a residency is after all…an apprenticeship…all medical fields could be done that way…my only concern is that if all education is strictly tuned to a specific employer, what happens when that employer goes out of business then? It needs to be a skill more general than that, so students can start their own businesses if they choose…apart from that…this is one of the best answers clearly…
有很多所谓的白领工作实际上可以是学徒制……长期的学徒制，但仍然不需要通过大学筛选……例如，护理和医学可以通过学徒制诚实地完成……是的……一个长期的学徒制，但它们更技术性和实践性……毕竟这就是住院医师……学徒制……所有医学领域都可以这样完成……我唯一的担忧是如果所有教育都严格针对特定的雇主，那么当该雇主倒闭时会发生什么？它需要是一种更通用的技能，这样学生如果有选择的话可以自己创业……除此之外……这显然是最好的答案之一……
Community college in my area has had manufacturing certification programs for years now. This type of work is in demand and there are pathways that will hold your hand right up until your hired. At least here in northern Nevada.
我所在地区的社区学院多年来一直有制造认证项目。这种类型的工作需求很大，并且有途径可以一直帮助你直到被雇佣，至少在内华达州北部是这样。
America is an experienced nation in this regard. They have traditions which can't be undone that fast. The real problem is worker's shortage. The unemployment rate is very low and there isn't enough workers. Fortunately America has experience in dealing with such problems as well. The US is one of the top destinations in the world for skilled labor. They will import their shortages and they will do so quickly.
美国在这方面是一个有经验的国家，他们有不能这么快被改变的传统。真正的问题是工人短缺，美国的失业率非常低，而且缺乏足够的工人。幸运的是美国也有处理此类问题的经验。美国是世界上技术工人的首选目的地之一。他们将进口他们短缺的工人，并且会很快这样做。
Trade Schools, Technical Schools, Machine Operators, Plumbers, Welders, HVAC Techs, Masons. These are the people that build the civilization we all live in.
Office workers and paper pushers have their place but if things get bad it'll be them that are least valuable to society is all I'm saying. That being said some college degree's like Nursing and similar medical jobs are absolutely as essential.
职业学校、技术学校、机器操作员、水管工、焊工、暖通空调技术人员、泥瓦匠，这些是构建我们生活的文明的人。
办公室职员和文员有他们的位置，但如果情况变糟，他们将是社会中最没有价值的人，这就是我要说的。话虽如此，像护理和类似医疗工作的一些大学学位绝对是必不可少的。
I believe this is amazing because this generation is being influenced on easy money. While having a manufacturing career could be a stepping stone for anyone to pursue what they really want. We still need a labor force because if we don’t we will be replaced by machinery. I had my fair share in hard labor but I transition to opening a business. We all have to start somewhere. Shout out to Tennessee, more states need to be creative like this
我相信这很棒，因为这一代人正在受到赚快钱的影响。虽然制造业职业可以是任何人追求他们真正想要的东西的垫脚石，我们仍然需要劳动力，因为如果我们不这样做，我们将被机器取代。我在艰苦的劳动中也有过自己的贡献，但我转型从事创业。我们都必须从某个地方开始。向田纳西州致敬，更多的州需要像这样有创意。
This just seems like a corporate subsidy. Basically paying for the unproductive training period a company usually would be responsible for when they hire a new worker. Why limit this to only manufacturin then? Lots of corporate white collar work can use this too. I imagine a lot of companies would offer internships if the goverment was footing the bill.
这看起来像是企业补贴，基本上是为公司通常在新员工入职时负责的非生产性培训期买单。那么为什么只限于制造业呢？许多公司白领工作也可以使用这个。我想如果政府买单，很多公司会提供实习机会。
In 1944 manufacturing job was 38% of non-farm payroll (data from St Louis Fed) 15% at Peak Japan in the 1980, but only 8% in 2022, or about 13M. To get back to 15% you'll have to get another 13M more into manufacturing jobs. In deed from where ?? especially when unemployment rate is low.
1944年，制造业工作占非农工资的38%（数据来自圣路易斯联邦储备银行），1980年日本峰值为15%，但2022年仅为8%，约1300万。要回到15%，你必须再增加1300万制造业工作。这些工作实际上从哪里来？尤其是在失业率低的情况下。
I am Chinese American. Although China benefits greatly on globalization, I strongly believe that globalization has gotten OUT OF HAND. The people in a nation should be the primary focus of the business producing and supplying goods for the nation. It is NOT about finding the cheapest or most efficient locations to do your business and only use your nation as market for the product dumping. We as the people of America, should produce and consume the products. Only if there is a rare case that we need to get from abroad, such as minerals or other specific products, should we engage in global trade. We do not block global trade. But it must be a STRICT SUPPLEMENT to our daily enterprise!
我是华裔美国人。尽管中国从全球化中受益匪浅，但我坚信全球化已经失控。一个国家的人民应该是为该国生产和供应商品的企业的首要关注点。这不是关于找到最便宜或最有效的地点来做生意，并只把你的国家作为产品倾销的市场。我们作为美国人民，应该生产和消费这些产品。只有在极少数情况下，我们需要从国外获取，如矿产或其他特定产品，我们才应该参与全球贸易。我们不会阻止全球贸易，但它必须是我们日常企业的严格补充！