印度的肥胖定时炸弹

@thegracienetwork7847
I came from USA to work in Kerala & I remember wealthier people were overweight, bad skin, while poorer people in were slim, glowing skin, white teeth. Made me question my eating habits!

我从美国来到喀拉拉邦工作，我记得那里富人通常超重、皮肤不好，而穷人则身材苗条、皮肤光泽、牙齿洁白。这让我开始质疑自己的饮食习惯！

@MedlifeCrisis
Glad to see this being covered. The problems aren’t unique to India but we have a few adverse issues stacked against us. South Asians appear to develop diabetes and cardiovascular disease at a lower BMI and no one is quite sure why. There is a theory that the famines mentioned in the video, especially severe during Empire, have genetically “primed” Indians to develop this. South Asians are hugely over represented among my patients in spite of making up small numbers of the overall population in the UK, and develop problems at a young age. Secondly Indian food is labour intensive so as women already shoulder most of childcare and household duties, as they have entered the workplace, they are particularly susceptible to choosing processed options that might make their life easier when feeding the family, thirdly Indian work culture is intense (see Narayana Murthy just yesterday proposing a 70 hour work week) so even young single people simply don’t have the time to make healthy choices and cook at home. Swiggy etc is too easy. The change in average waistline since my birth in the 80s has been so dramatic. But money rules all and every government welcomes in multinationals.

很高兴看到这个话题被讨论。这些问题并非印度独有，但我们面临一些不利的因素。南亚人似乎在较低的BMI下就会患上糖尿病和心血管疾病，原因尚不明确。有一种理论认为视频中提到的饥荒，尤其是帝国时期的严重饥荒，从基因上“塑造”了印度人易患这些疾病的体质。尽管南亚人在英国总人口中占比较小，但在我的患者中却占了很大的比例，且问题在年轻时就会出现。其次，印度食物制作耗时，女性已经承担了大部分育儿和家务责任，进入职场后，她们特别容易选择加工食品以简化生活。第三，印度的工作文化紧张（比如Narayana Murthy昨天提议每周工作70小时），即使是年轻的单身人士也没有时间做出健康的选择或在家做饭，Swiggy等外卖平台太方便了。自从我上世纪80年代出生以来，印度的平均腰围的变化如此巨大。但金钱主宰一切，每个政府都欢迎跨国公司。

@varshasindhu5672
One BIG problem is that adults are constantly giving sugar and junk food to kids. They think it is a treat for kids and shows love for the child. If you try to stop them, they consider you too strict and a joy-killer. All junk food should be labelled as “Unsafe for children’s consumption”.

一个大问题是成年人不断给孩子们糖和垃圾食品，他们认为这是对孩子的款待，表达了对孩子的爱。如果你试图阻止他们，他们会认为你太严格，破坏了乐趣。所有垃圾食品都应标注为“儿童不宜食用”。

@littlestar5737
We visited my aunt's house in India few years back. She was so proud telling us how "modern" Indian food industry has become since BK, McD, KFC and other fast food chains entered Indian markets. According to her Maggi noodles was equivalent to a home cooked meal. Personally, I think we've stopped listening to our bodies and often ignore early signs.

几年前我们去了印度姑姑家。她非常自豪地告诉我们，自从汉堡王、麦当劳、肯德基等连锁快餐进入印度市场后，印度食品行业变得多么“现代”。在她看来，Maggi面条等同于家常饭。我个人认为我们已经不再倾听自己的身体，常常忽视早期信号。

@Invincible_joe
It's a common myth that we are becoming obese coz of western food, which is not entirely true. Our food such as Samosa, Vadapav, jalebi and many other fried fitters are just as bad as a burger or Pizza. What really is causing obesity in Indians is the fact that we're becoming more and more sedentary and not moving as much as we're eating. When you don't exercise or exert urself, and even if u don't eat junk food or sugary drinks, you're still prone to obesity because whatever you're eating, isn't being consumed by body entirely and genetically it gets stored as fats. One can eat as much healthy food as they want but the bottom line remains the fact that we NEED to exercise mandatorily.

一个常见的误解是我们因为西式食物而变得肥胖，这并不完全正确。我们的食物如萨摩萨、瓦达帕夫、杰莱比和其他油炸食品与汉堡或披萨一样糟糕。真正导致印度人肥胖的是我们变得越来越久坐不动，吃得比动得多。即使你不吃垃圾食品或含糖饮料，如果不锻炼或消耗能量，你仍然容易肥胖，因为无论你吃什么，身体都无法完全消耗，基因上会将其储存为脂肪。一个人可以吃尽可能多的健康食品，但底线是我们必须强制锻炼。

@beatbuildersstudio
I used to work for a big pharma company. The sad thing about 10 years ago they were predicting a rise in diabetes in India. They were happy because that meant selling more diabetes drugs. They really werent trying to tackle the cause of the problem.

我曾在一家大型制药公司工作，可悲的是10年前他们预测印度的糖尿病会增加。他们很高兴，因为这意味着可以销售更多的治疗糖尿病的药物，他们并没有真正试图解决问题的根源。

@mirrazashah8961
I am in my mid-twenties struggling with being overweight, there are too many factors leading to the obesity. 1. Sedentary Lifestyle 2. Overeating as a solution to managing stress. 3. Socializing with family and friends means access to more food 4. Pop-up of thousands of F&B options 5. Lack of knowledge amongst the public about proper nutrition and fitness.

我二十多岁，正在与超重作斗争。导致肥胖的因素太多了：1. 久坐的生活方式 2. 过度饮食作为应对压力的方法 3. 与家人和朋友社交意味着更多的食物 4. 成千上万的餐饮选择涌现 5. 公众缺乏关于正确营养和健身的知识。

@ShailendraSingh-ex6yj
Everyone here is commenting on the food. Literally, our cities/towns are designed in such a way that public access to parks, bicycle lanes etc. is limited, the choice is between an expensive (consider the median income) indoor workout facility or barely any cardio.

这里的每个人都在评论食物。实际上，我们的城市/城镇设计使得公众进入公园、自行车道等的机会有限，选择要么是昂贵的（考虑到中位数收入）室内健身设施，要么几乎没有有氧运动的机会。

@boneym328
I’m a Keralite living in a western country. My dad used to wake me up and my sister at 6:00 AM and make us exercise before going to school everyday. We as a family works out including my mom and eat healthy. I still goes to gym, so my dad who is in his 60s. He is hitting hard in gym and lose 15 kgs recently. I’m proud of my upbringing.

我是生活在西方国家的喀拉拉邦人。我爸爸过去每天早晨6点叫醒我和我妹妹，让我们在上学前锻炼。我们全家都锻炼，包括我妈妈，并且吃得健康。我仍然会去健身房，我爸爸60多岁了，他也在健身房努力锻炼，最近减了15公斤。我为我的成长感到自豪。

@posteroonie
The same pattern has been repeated numerous times: USA, Mexico, Philippines, etc. Western companies are often the spearhead but even without them local businessmen see the fast food business model and start to provide pizza, sugary drinks, processed snack foods, etc.

同样的模式已经在美国、墨西哥、菲律宾等国重复了无数次。西方公司通常是先锋，但即使没有它们，本地商人也会看到快餐商业模式并开始提供披萨、含糖饮料、加工零食等。

@RAYDEEY17
First world problems are becoming common in third world countries. People think eating KFC or McDonalds is cool. I'm a Ghanaian, in Ghana the youth are patronising in these foods. Home cooked meals are becoming a thing of the past. I fear this might get out of hand, fizzy drinks and sodas are also very popular here.

第一世界的问题在第三世界国家变得普遍，人们认为吃肯德基或麦当劳很酷。我是加纳人，在加纳，年轻人热衷于这些食物，家常饭正在成为过去。我担心这可能会失控，碳酸饮料在这里也非常流行。

@zotsuu5240
I just want to say I was overweight 97 kgs to be precise on 10th November 2021, Today is 7th November 2023 almost 2 years and I am 66.7kgs. My height is 5’8. The only advice I can give is buy a kitchen scale and be in calorie deficit. No 30 min abs workout or drinking honey lemon water is going to help you.

我只想说，2021年11月10日我超重97公斤，今天是2023年11月7日，差不多两年了，我现在66.7公斤。我的身高是5英尺8英寸，我唯一能给出的建议是买一个厨房秤，保持热量赤字，30分钟的腹肌锻炼或喝蜂蜜柠檬水都不会帮助你。

@Butters-ly3hq
It's not just about physical health, when I was around 15 I was struggling with my academics alot, it's only now years later that i realised that my poor diet at the time had a direct influence on that as well.

这不仅仅与身体健康有关，我15岁时在学业上遇到了很多困难，直到多年后我才意识到当时的不良饮食也直接影响了我的学业。

@RJ-kp6pr
I had to lol at the “much of India’s history has been blighted by famine” bit. Much of Indian history hasn’t actually been blighted by famine…the famines she’s referring to were actually created by the Brits during their oppressive 200 year rule. It’s not like India and Indians somehow are just naturally predisposed to famines.

我不得不对“印度历史的大部分被饥荒所困扰”这一点笑出声。印度历史的大部分实际上并没有被饥荒所困扰……她提到的饥荒实际上是在英国200年压迫统治期间造成的，并不是印度和印度人天生就容易发生饥荒。

@newkcrowe
I worked in India for 6 months 7 years ago and I remember seeing how all my Indian coworkers ate and was shocked more weren’t obese. All they ate was fried carbs, naan, and rice. We were all in our mid 20s, and some I swear never ate a vegetable the entire time if it wasn’t fried or a pizza topping

7年前我在印度工作了6个月，我记得我看到我的印度同事们的饮食时惊讶于他们中没有更多人肥胖，因为他们吃的都是油炸碳水化合物、馕和米饭。我们都在25岁左右，有些人我敢说他们从未吃过蔬菜。

@RandomBerserker
I am from that era where schools didn't have canteens and we used to eat healthy home-cooked meals such as chapati, rice, and vegetables(sabzi). Which used to be healthy and tasty, but now parents are both working, don't have time to cook meals for their children's, and it's really heartbreaking because it's not just a food we're giving up on; it's the culture of our food we're letting down.

我来自那个学校没有食堂的时代，我们吃健康的家常饭，如恰帕蒂、米饭和蔬菜（萨布兹）。这些食物既健康又美味，但现在父母都在工作，没有时间为孩子做饭，这真的令人心碎，因为我们不仅放弃了食物，还放弃了我们的饮食文化。

@THETRIVIALTHINGS
It is truly baffling how in a country where a large portion of the population is starving, there is an obesity problem. This is the biggest indicator of a huge wealth gap and class gap within the country.

在一个大部分人口挨饿的国家，竟然存在肥胖问题，这真是令人困惑。这是该国巨大贫富差距和阶级差距的最大指标。

@anirudha4176
It's been a year since I completely stopped eating junk food and I've lost a lot of weight and my moods have drastically improved too. I've completely lost cravings for those processed foods as well. These foods have a terrible effect on both your short term/long term health.

我已经完全停止吃垃圾食品一年了，体重减轻了很多，情绪也大大改善。我也完全失去了对那些加工食品的渴望，这些食物对你的短期和长期健康都有可怕的影响。

@ruralhobo
I'm really surprised by this because I grew up in India and always found its non-fast food delicious. Also when I studied agriculture I learned how incredibly wise traditional Indian cooking is in terms of protein (balancing aminoacids) and vitamins. I went back to rice with dahl and/or slightly acidic curries (through yoghurt or tamarind) to get my BMI back under 25 and it worked.

我对此感到非常惊讶，因为我在印度长大，一直觉得印度的非快餐非常美味。此外，当我学习农业时，我了解到传统印度烹饪在蛋白质（平衡氨基酸）和维生素方面是多么明智。我重新开始吃米饭配豆类和/或微酸咖喱（通过酸奶或罗望子），将我的BMI恢复到25以下，效果很好。

@spacetime3
This is so important for Indians and Indian parents to understand. We are affected 3 fold not just by our unregulated marketing of foods that we have in India we also have a genetic predisposition due to the famines of the past & and like America we don't have socialized Health care. Regardless of history, the important message is even more important that we address this issue now before we have an unfit and useless population that can't defend itself or even pay for its medical care we will see huge numbers of unnecessary deaths and in India, if you have huge medical bills that can cripple the poor and middle class you won't see any mobility. DO NOT become a cash cow for unscrupulous companies profiteering on human addiction and evil marketing tactics, no one will save you.

这对印度人和印度的父母来说非常重要。我们受到三重影响，不仅是因为印度食品营销不受监管，还因为过去的饥荒导致的基因倾向，而且像美国一样，我们没有社会化的医疗。无论历史如何，重要的信息是我们现在必须解决这个问题，否则我们将有一个不健康和无用的人口，无法自卫甚至支付医疗费用，我们将看到大量不必要的死亡。在印度，如果你有巨额医疗账单，这会使穷人和中产阶级陷入困境，你将看不到任何流动性。不要成为无良公司利用人类成瘾和邪恶营销策略牟利的摇钱树，否则没有人会救你。

@iamsid23
Nobody, I mean nobody reads the calorie count and portion size given on the back of processed foods. This should be taught early on what needs to be consumed. I used to enjoy a glass of Bourvita and processed cereals for breakfast. That's an easy 800-1000 calories with a high sugar count. And yet I used to still feel hungry by Lunchtime. Glad at 32 years old I have cut down on many of these things and I wish I had known some of these things a lot earlier.

没有人，我是说没有人会读加工食品背面的卡路里和分量。应该尽早教给人们需要摄入什么。我曾经喜欢早餐喝一杯Bourvita和加工谷物，这很容易达到800-1000卡路里，因为它的含糖量很高。然而，我仍然在午餐时间感到饥饿。很高兴在32岁时我减少了很多这些东西，我希望我早一些知道这些事情。

@jayd2204
I think it's not just the food that needs to be changed but the mental health also needs to be address. They both are lixed together. Having a bad day, people will junk and now too much junk food will put them into bad mental health.

我认为不仅需要改变食物，还需要解决心理健康问题，它们是相互关联的。心情不好时，人们会吃垃圾食品，而现在过多的垃圾食品会使他们的心理健康状况恶化。

@Mr.Showbiz
A very similar situation where I live in Malaysia. Highly processed snacks and foods being sold on all corners at all times of day, horrible work-life balance so no time or energy to cook, lack of / completely decrepit community areas so no way to play sports or do physical activity without having to drive halfway across town.

我生活在马来西亚，情况非常相似。高度加工的零食和食品在一天中的任何时候都在各个角落出售，工作与生活平衡极差，没有时间或精力做饭，社区区域缺乏或完全破败，所以没有地方进行体育活动或锻炼，除非开车穿过半个城市。

@SH-gg3up
Time. Plain and simple. Indian food takes a lot of time to prepare generally speaking. Additionally, both parents are usually working long hours these days and joint family structures are not very common anymore. This breakup of family time takes a toll on everyone.

原因是时间，简单明了。一般来说，印度食物需要很长时间准备。此外，现在父母通常工作时间很长，联合家庭结构不再常见，这种家庭时间的分裂对每个人都有影响。

@sashamellon822
No body ate out 2023 years ago, mc Donald’s was so expensive you couldn’t afford it. Everyone cooked at home when a guest came and the local sweet maker or savoury maker would cook things from scratch in their shop and you would bring them over once in a blue moon. Even fruit juice was impossibly expensive. The only occasional treat was maggi noodles which did make you feel sick. Cook at home from scratch and you won’t be obese.

2023年前没有人外出就餐，麦当劳太贵了，你买不起。客人来时，每个人都在家做饭，当地的甜点或咸味食品制作者会在他们的店里从头开始制作食物，你偶尔会带一些过来。即使是果汁也贵得离谱。唯一的偶尔享用的是Maggi面条，但它确实让你感到恶心。在家从头开始做饭，你就不会肥胖。

@Fizmoo
Obesity time bomb is quite a bit of an exaggeration. I mean 8% obese men and 12% obese women in 2035 while in most of Latin America it's now already approaching 30% and it's now already 42% in the usa. It will probably be close to 50% in those countries by 2035... the numbers of India aren't too bad then.

肥胖定时炸弹有点夸张。我的意思是到2035年，印度只有8%的男性和12%的女性肥胖，而在大多数拉丁美洲国家，现在已经接近30%，在美国已经是42%。到2035年，这些国家可能会接近50%……印度的数字还不算太糟。

@sainarockz
For years Indian women who were disrespected and whose work was seen as having no value by the men, used to invest their time in cooking healthy meals at home. Now women have started going out to work and earning. So with more money and less time, children have more autonomy and they gravitate towards junk. I think now people are realizing the value of the unpaid work done by women folk in their homes.

多年来，印度女性一直得不到尊重，她们的工作被男性视为没有价值，她们过去常常花时间在家烹饪健康的饭菜。现在女性开始外出工作和赚钱，因此，随着更多的钱和更少的时间，孩子们有更多的自主权，他们倾向于选择垃圾食品。我认为现在人们应该开始意识到女性在家中无偿工作的价值。

@likemy
traditional indian snack foods like chana and daal are pretty healthy, but it seems they are getting displaced by the more calorically dense and less sating American style snack foods. We could blame the companies making and marketing these, but the fact is they've had decades worth of product research with which they've engineered some delicious stuff. It's hard to stay away from fries, kettle cooked potato chips, soda, etc.

传统的印度小吃如鹰嘴豆和扁豆非常健康，但似乎它们正在被热量更高、饱腹感更差的美国风格小吃所取代。我们可以责怪制造和营销这些食品的公司，但事实是它们已经进行了几十年的产品研究并设计出了一些美味的东西。我们很难远离薯条、锅煮薯片、苏打水等。

@bhaskarchatterjee5249
Weird how India despite being a 3rd world country has simultaneously epidemics of obesity and starvation, opulence and poverty in stark contrast existing together and we turn a blind eye to the unhealthy and dangerous consequences of processed and packaged foods while trying to resemble the west in our lifestyle choices

奇怪的是尽管印度是一个第三世界国家，却同时存在着肥胖和饥饿、富裕和贫困的流行病，这些截然相反的现象并存，而我们对加工和包装食品的不健康和危险后果视而不见，同时试图在生活方式选择上模仿西方。

@HetalOza112
The USA faced the same obesity problem, not just in adults but also in children back in the 1990s- early 20s. Obesity issues began when Indians adopted the 'American' lifestyle or in general a Western lifestyle.

美国在1990年代到21世纪初也面临着同样的肥胖问题，不仅在成年人中，也在儿童中。肥胖问题始于印度人采用“美国”生活方式或一般的西方生活方式。

@vidyachavan6133
Thanks for making this Video..
Irony is that the gap between the poor and rich is ever increasing in India... Hence you see increase in the malnourished children (especially under 5) along with increase in the over nourished children.. Government is constantly been battling the issue for undernourished children however it has no say on over nourished category. You have not included
CHATS which forms the huge part of junk food here.. these chats are usually made up of white flour and deep fried in oil/ghee.
WHITE FLOUR BASED FOODS like naan, paratha etc., which forms the everyday food in northern part of India..
WHITE RICE - which forms the basic food in southern and Eastern India.
BIRIYANI (Rice and meat based spicy food) - which is the number one seller in the country.
BUTTER - which is used generously in all sorts of north Indian food..
All these are also reason for rising obesity in the people here...
Another factor is that people have forgotten their roots aka their traditional food and traditional lifestyle (which are seasonal in nature and scientifically alligned too whether its celebrating festival or food intake.) and also spiritual practices like Yoga, meditation to name a few...

感谢制作这个视频。
讽刺的是，印度的贫富差距越来越大……因此，你会看到营养不良的儿童（尤其是5岁以下）和营养过剩的儿童都在增加。政府一直在与营养不良儿童的问题作斗争，但对营养过剩的类别却无能为力。你还没有提到：
CHATS食品，这是这里垃圾食品的很大一部分……这些CHATS食品通常由白面粉制成，并在油/酥油中油炸。
白面粉食品，如馕、帕拉塔等，这些是印度北部地区的日常食品。
白米——这是印度南部和东部地区的基本食物。
印度香饭（米饭和肉类的辛辣食品）——这是全国最畅销的食品。
黄油——在印度北部的各种食物中大量使用。
所有这些也是这里的人们肥胖率上升的原因……
另一个因素是人们忘记了他们的根源，即他们的传统食物和传统生活方式（这些生活方式是季节性的，并且在科学上也是相匹配的，无论是庆祝节日还是食物摄入）以及精神实践，如瑜伽、冥想等。

@officialaalamjotsingh9465
as an Indian myself working in a metropolitan, healthy food is an after-thought, there are new food startups that are aiming at healthy low calorie and high protein food at fast food speeds, but it will take time to blend in the unhealthy food scene, restaurants, street vendors and cloud kitchens are also trying to include health options ,also a misconception that vegetarian foods don't have protein, milk, butter-milk and curd are excellent sources of protein the calorie/gram of protein is comparable to meats like pork and beef.

作为一个在大都市工作的印度人，健康食品是事后才想到的，有一些新的食品初创公司旨在以快餐速度提供健康低卡路里和高蛋白食品，但这需要时间融入不健康的食品场景。餐厅、街头小贩和云厨房也在尝试包括健康选项，还有一个误解是素食食品缺乏蛋白质，牛奶、酪乳和酸奶是蛋白质的极好来源，其蛋白质的卡路里/克与猪肉和牛肉等肉类相当。