印度如此贫穷是因为英国吗？

 
@williamalfonso1373
Countries remain poor due to ineffective policies and corruption. My friend's Mexican dad told me Mexico is poor due to the Spanish, my response was that Mexico is poor due to Mexican politicians. The Spanish left over 200 years ago
 
国家之所以贫穷，是因为政策无效和腐败。我朋友的墨西哥父亲告诉我，墨西哥贫穷是因为西班牙人，我的回应是墨西哥贫穷是因为墨西哥的政客，西班牙人已经离开200多年了。
 
@nikhilnishant5360
Yes. India is poor due to embracing socialism instead of capitalism. The distrust in capitalism was created due to expliotative British crony capitalism and it took India 40 years and a deep economic crisis of 1991 to realise that capitalism is the better way.
 
是的，印度贫穷是因为选择了社会主义而不是资本主义。对资本主义的不信任是由于英国剥削性的裙带资本主义造成的，印度花了40年和1991年的严重经济危机才意识到资本主义是更好的道路。
 
@liyuanqian9143
Singapore's Lee Kuan Yew once said he won't be able to do in India what he did in Singapore - reason being India was NOT a BIG country but MANY BIG countries, each with different history, culture, language, traditions, and unfortunately, antagonistic past with each other.
When goods are heavily taxed for passing through state lines (which happened in early years of post-independence USA), it was very challenging to have an efficient export economy earning much needed foreign hard currency, while stiff import tariffs made modernization very expensive.
It is only in the 21st century that technology allowed the Central government to bypass layers of regional bureaucracies to communicate directly to individual citizens, and universal digitization of banking allowed the government to get a better visibility and management of finance and economy.
 
新加坡的李光耀曾经说过，他无法在印度做到他在新加坡所做的事情——原因是印度不是一个“大国”，而是“许多大国”，每个国家都有不同的历史、文化、语言、传统，而且不幸的是，彼此之间有对抗的历史。
当货物在邦际之间运输时被课以重税（这在独立后的美国早期发生过），建立一个高效的出口经济以赚取急需的外汇是非常具有挑战性的，而高额的进口关税使现代化变得非常昂贵。
直到21世纪，技术才使中央政府能够绕过层层地方官僚机构，直接与个人公民沟通，而银行系统的全面数字化使政府能够更好地了解和管理财政与经济。
 
@Sahanawaj_
The Bengal famine of 1943 was one of the worst disasters in twentieth century South Asia. It was devastating in terms of its scale, causing three million deaths and occurred during the midst of World War II, when India was under the British Raj. My ancestors were survivors of that wasn't that a holocaust? why no trial for evil british royal family and their goons/looters
 
1943年的孟加拉饥荒是20世纪南亚最严重的灾难之一。其规模之大令人震惊，导致300万人死亡，这发生在第二次世界大战期间，当时印度处于英国的统治之下。我的祖先是那场灾难的幸存者，难道那不是一场大屠杀吗？为什么邪恶的英国王室及其帮凶/掠夺者没有受到审判？
 
@Ummah-22
I think this guy loves Britain �� let me tell you during Mauryan empire around 30% of the world's gdp was from India, during Mughal times around 26% of the world's gdp was from India but what suddenly happened that when the British colonised it it fell from 25% to less than 3%, precious stone's, diamond's,gold, artifact's,idols, millions of people dead due to famines, GENOCIDEs, infanticides, mass migration due to partition, hunger, poverty all came under British rule. British left India but at what cost, dividing India into 3 nation's based on religion, not only did it kill millions of people due to migration but issues like kashmir problem has not been solved thanks to Britishers �� India was called as Golden bird but after Britishers colonised it is no were near to gold alone but mashallah India has achieved fastest growing economy ��
 
我觉得这家伙爱英国。让我告诉你，在孔雀王朝时期，印度占世界GDP的30%，在莫卧儿时期占26%，但当英国殖民后，它突然从25%下降到不到3%，宝石、钻石、黄金、文物、偶像，数百万人因饥荒、种族灭绝、杀婴、因分治而大规模迁移、饥饿、贫困而死亡，所有这些都发生在英国统治下。英国离开了印度，但代价是什么？根据宗教将印度分成三个国家，不仅因迁移导致数百万人死亡，而且像克什米尔这样的问题至今未解决，这要感谢英国人。印度曾被称为“金鸟”，但英国人殖民后，它离“金”字差得远，但感谢真主，印度已经实现了最快的经济增长。
 
@muzehack
I think you are confusing a lot of coincidences with causation. I mean did India get railroads because the British ruled, or because railroads were invented? The Japanese managed to get railroads without being ruled by the British.
 
我认为你混淆了很多巧合与因果关系。我的意思是印度得到铁路是因为英国的统治，还是因为铁路被发明了？日本人在没有被英国统治的情况下也成功建立了铁路。
 
@ArawnOfAnnwn
This video is clearly trying to play the same 'both sides' style here made famous by media reporting on climate change. It even misreports in order to do so. For instance, the video claims the British prevented famines in their later years, such that they stopped being a thing. Literally one of the biggest famines in Indian history - the Bengal Famine - happened close to the end of British rule. The unalive count is comparable to the atrocities committed by the very enemies they were fighting in Europe. The chart that Indian manufacturing wages went up in the last few decades exactly coincides with the end of the first world war - when the Indian govt. was given a little more devolution due to their freedom struggle making the most of the war to extract concessions. In other words, that was India taking back some power over their own administration, and benefiting therein. And so on. There isn't actually much debate over the dexerious effects of British colonialism among either historians or economists, there's just a holdout of mainly conservative British and American historians (most famously Niall Ferguson) who like to argue that it was good. There are unalive count estimates that make even world war 2 seem small - like upto 165 MILLION between just 1880 and 1920. There are calculations of how much wealth was extracted of over 45 TRILLION dollars. Etc. It is well accepted in the field, just as it is with scientists on climate change, that colonialism did a lot of harm. Not just in absolute terms, but even compared to the standards at the time or the times that came before it. Via taxes, tariffs, trade restrictions and much else India fell from a QUARTER of the world economy to a hundredth of it. And no, that wasn't just the west going ahead, it was India falling apart.
 
这个视频显然在试图采用媒体在气候变化报道中著名的“两面性”风格，它甚至为了做到这一点而误报。例如，视频声称英国在其统治晚期防止了饥荒，以至于饥荒不再发生。实际上，印度历史上最大的饥荒之一——孟加拉饥荒——发生在英国统治接近结束时，其死亡人数与他们正在欧洲与之作战的敌人所犯下的暴行相当。印度制造业的工资在过去几十年上升的图表正好与第一次世界大战结束相吻合——当时印度政府由于自由斗争充分利用战争来争取让步，获得了一些分权。换句话说，那是印度重新获得一些行政权力并从中受益，等等。历史学家或经济学家之间实际上对英国殖民主义的有害影响并没有太多争议，只有一些主要是保守的英国和美国历史学家（最著名的是尼尔·弗格森）坚持认为这是好的。死亡人数的估计甚至使第二次世界大战显得微不足道——仅在1880年至1920年之间就有高达1.65亿人死亡。有计算显示，印度被掠夺的财富超过45万亿美元，等等。在这个领域，就像科学家对气候变化的看法一样，殖民主义造成了很大的危害。不仅在绝对意义上，而且与当时或之前的标准相比，通过税收、关税、贸易限制和其他许多手段，印度从世界经济的四分之一下降到百分之一。不，那不仅仅是西方在前进，而是印度在崩溃。
 
@General_Meji
This is rapidly changing. Before the westerners/whites say "wE hAvE bEen hearing this forever about India", India only opened up in early 90s, and growth has been very high since then. Just that population growth rate was also high, which didn't correlate to per capita gdp growth. Now that India is below birth replacement rate, and growth rate of population is <0.7 (2022), per capita GDP will increase much faster.
China also grew on average at 10% for 30-35 years, but the per capita gdp was still low till 2004-05, but then their population growth rate started going down (unnaturally), their per capita GDP increased drastically. India will see a similar rise, but the growth will be much longer, even if not as high as China since India didn't have the one-child policy.
 
这种情况正在迅速改变。在西方人/白人说“我们一直听到关于印度的这种说法”之前，印度在上世纪90年代初开放，自那以来增长非常快。只是人口增长率也很高，以至于这与人均GDP的增长不相关。现在印度的出生率低于替代率，人口增长率<0.7（2022年），人均GDP将更快增长。
中国在30-35年间平均增长10%，其人均GDP在2004-05年之前仍然很低，但随后他们的人口增长率开始下降（不自然地），他们的人均GDP急剧上升。印度将看到类似的上升，但增长将更长（即使不像中国那么高），这是因为印度没有一胎政策。
 
@mistermind8170
Industries didn't develop because the capital market discouraged it. Prime example of it is the railways, when railway was being developed the investment required done by Britishers because of the assure and guaranteed returns. The locals were exploited to pay those returns. Further more Indians were not allowed to invest in these projects. Indians were kept out of the industrialization by design.
The small textile manufacturers and artisans didn't shift to more modern methods was due to their ignorance and the British policies which forced them to be farm labour.
 
工业没有发展是因为资本市场不鼓励它。最典型的例子是铁路，当铁路正在开发时，所需的投资由英国人完成，因为有保证的回报，当地人被剥削以支付这些回报。此外，印度人不被允许投资这些项目，印度人被设计排除在工业化之外。
小型纺织制造商和工匠没有转向更现代的方法是由于他们的无知和英国的政策，这些政策迫使他们成为农场劳动力。
 
@abc_cba
Our government spends billions of dollars on unnecessary advertisements and commercials.
Other states follow the same model.
That could save our farmers especially in drought prone areas, which are getting worse with climate change.
 
我们的政府花费了数十亿美元在不必要的广告和商业上。
其他邦也遵循了同样的模式。
这可以拯救我们的农民，特别是在干旱易发地区，这些地区随着气候变化变得越来越糟。
 
@solomonvandy5252
Many things are left out. Britain left India with artificial borders, causing, for example, the Pakistani-Bangladeshi war or the Kashmir conflict. With instability, no economy can grow. Due to the British, the Indians were left behind in industrialization, raising the question of how India could compete against already existing Western companies with little investment and educated labor.
The British used the Indians for their interests in the worst ways imaginable. Famines occurred even at the end of British rule. For example, during the Second World War, Churchill directed food away from India, causing millions to die. The British used Indian soldiers to conquer and hold power in other colonial states and during the Second World War.
The British-caused railroads only connected commercial hubs to the sea. The infrastructure of India itself was nonexistent. The British had practically no interest in fostering Indian society. Schools and universities were nonexistent, leaving rich Indians to study only in Europe.
All of these arguments come to my mind with just a little research. You should do your homework properly, VisualEconomics.
 
许多事情被忽略了。英国给印度留下了人为的边界，导致了例如巴基斯坦-孟加拉战争或克什米尔冲突。在不稳定的情况下，任何经济都无法增长。由于英国人，印度人在工业化方面落后并提出了印度如何以少量投资和受过教育的劳动力与已经存在的西方公司竞争的问题。
英国人以最糟糕的方式利用印度人为他们的利益服务，即使在英国统治结束时也发生了饥荒。英国人利用印度士兵征服并控制其他殖民国家，以及在第二次世界大战期间丘吉尔将食物从印度转移，导致了数百万人死亡。
英国人修建的铁路只连接商业中心到海洋，印度本身的基础设施几乎不存在。英国人几乎没有兴趣培养印度社会，学校和大学几乎不存在，富有的印度人只能在欧洲学习。
所有这些论点只需一点研究就能想到，你应该好好做功课，VisualEconomics。
 
@AnshikaSingh-o8l
You're a fool if you say that British provided relief to people in times of droughts. Go read about the Great Bengal famine that killed millions of Indians as their agriculture produce was sent away to London and Paris to feed British soldiers while millions of Indians died of starvation
 
如果你说英国在干旱时期向人们提供救济，那你就是个傻瓜。去读读关于大孟加拉饥荒的资料，数百万印度人因他们的农产品被送往伦敦和巴黎喂养英国士兵而饿死。
 
@6330-z3p
You need to do more research on the railway built. The steel was not made in India. They were forced to buy from the British at high prices to keep it profitable for the English. The Indians paid for it through taxes
 
你需要对修建的铁路做更多的研究。钢铁不是在印度制造的，他们被迫以高价从英国人那里购买以保持英国人的利润，印度人通过税收支付了这笔费用。
 
@kavitaandy9361
Britain bases its values on individualism in India the family unit is far more important than 1 person. I heard Margaret thatcher in a speech saying it was the religion of Britain that made it the Greatest free democracy - i disagree. India has gone ahead now of Britains GDP based mainly on hinduism without having to invade, kill and convert anyone!! Indians are naturally enterprising intelligent, kind and thoughtful. They have Dharma enshrined into their families. Ethics and morals and a duty to contribute positively to their community. Britain and US did steal as much as they could and still their society is poor - stabbings every day, shootings and drugs and alcohol are rampant!! British empire was an unfortunate blip in history best remembered as an affront to human beings. India and China have been economic powers and great civilisations for 1700 years. Now the world is rebalancing again.
 
英国将其价值观建立在个人主义上，而在印度，家庭单位远比个人重要。我听到玛格丽特·撒切尔在一次演讲中说是英国的宗教使其成为最伟大的自由民主国家——我不同意。印度现在已经在GDP上超过了英国，这主要基于印度教，而不必入侵、杀害或改变任何人！！印度人天生具有进取心、聪明、善良和体贴，他们将佛法融入家庭，他们拥有道德和伦理以及为社区做出积极贡献的责任。英国和美国尽其所能地偷窃，但他们的社会仍然贫穷——每天都有刺伤、枪击和毒品和酒精泛滥！！大英帝国是历史上一个不幸的小插曲，最好记住它是对人类的侮辱。印度和中国作为经济大国和伟大文明已有1700年，现在世界正在重新平衡。
 
@soumenbiswas5836
India's problem is the quantity and quality of it's population. Due to power of compounding for ages the population is gigantic. And due to chronic poverty and lack of investment in education and healthcare, the population is less productive economically. Effect of both is low per capita GDP.
 
印度的问题是人口的数量和质量。由于长期的复利效应，印度的人口规模非常庞大。由于长期贫困和对教育和医疗保健的投资不足，其人口在经济上生产力较低。两者造成的影响是人均GDP很低。
 
@suryavamsi62
The amount of rail roads, institutions, canals, industries do not even come close to the losses incurred in india, loss of life, loss of culture, loss of humanity. You cannot say I have done justice by giving a bandage after knowingly stabbing multiple times a person.
There is jalianwala bagh incident, there is bengal famine, there is prison in andaman which stand even today as witness to the atrocities done by the british.
NO MATTER WHAT THE GOOD THINGS DONE, DO NOT JUSTIFY THE BAD THINGS.
 
铁路、机构、运河、工业的数量甚至无法接近印度所遭受的损失，包括生命的损失、文化的损失、人性的损失。你不能说在明知多次刺伤一个人后，给一个绷带就是公正的。
有贾利安瓦拉巴格事件，有孟加拉饥荒，有安达曼的监狱，这些至今仍然是英国暴行的见证。
无论做了多少好事，都不能为坏事辩护。
 
@ln6593
I think that there is only so much that you can blame the English or the Mughals, etc for being still so poor now. If you look within Asia most of them (excluding South Asia) have made strides forward. Even Vietnam’s destructive war 40 years ago is marching ahead.
It’s weak and corrupt system and inertia that prevents it from moving forward. Now it has thrown in the useless religious division into the mix, putting a needless barrier to moving forward.
 
我认为你现在只能怪英国人、莫卧儿人等这么多，因为现在印度仍然如此贫穷。如果你看看亚洲内部，大多数国家（不包括南亚）都在向前迈进，即使是40年前经历过毁灭性战争的越南也在前进。
是软弱和腐败的体制和惯性阻碍了它前进，现在它又把无用的宗教分歧混入其中，为前进设置了不必要的障碍。
 
 
 
 
@kirannnnnn
The British (Christians) came to India one of the Richest country in the world accounting 27% of Global GDP in 1700's, 23% in 1800's & Over 200 years of Depredation, Exploitation, Loot & Destruction reduced it to a Posterchild of a Third World Poverty. 90% of population living below the Poverty line when British left in 1947, Literacy Rate is below 17%, Life Expectancy is 27%, Economy is 25 billion dollars, Growth rate from 1900-1945 is 0.001%, British India draining the country with Taxes & Resources over 200 year's of colonization. India faced 50 year's of sanctions indirectly and directly in last 75 years.
 
英国人（基督徒）来到印度时，印度是世界上最富有的国家之一，占全球GDP的27%（1700年代）和23%（1800年代）。经过200多年的掠夺、剥削、抢劫和破坏，印度沦为了第三世界贫困的典型代表。1947年英国人离开时，印度90%的人口生活在贫困线以下，识字率低于17%，预期寿命为27岁，经济规模为250亿美元，1900年至1945年的经济增长率为0.001%。英属印度通过税收和资源榨干了这个国家200年的元气。印度在过去75年中直接或间接面临了50年的制裁。
 
@TanujKumarGudania
Either he is biased or ignorant of all the atrocities the British has committed on our land. This video doesn't include less than 1% of the wrongdoings and 1000% of the good they did.
 
他要么有偏见，要么对英国在我们土地上犯下的暴行一无所知。这段视频连他们1%的恶行都没提到，却夸大了1000%的好处。
 
@julianbailey2749
Without the British there would be no India. There would be dozens of separate countries on the Indian sub-continent. A few of the coastal economies with good land and resources would be successful. Most of the economies would be landlocked and in deep trouble in a world that relies on heavy transport to be part of the global economy. The caste system would hinder development of any social and technological change and I suspect that by 2024, though the Indian people may have had a less difficult history, they would be in a worse position going forward.
 
如果没有英国人，就不会有印度。印度次大陆上会有几十个独立的国家，一些拥有良好土地和资源的沿海经济体可能会成功。大多数经济体将处于内陆并在一个依赖重型运输融入全球经济的世界中陷入困境。种姓制度将阻碍任何社会和技术变革的发展，我怀疑到2024年，尽管印度人民的历史可能没有那么艰难，但他们的未来会更糟糕。
 
@shinchanninja
If there was no British rule, today there might be hundreds of separate kingdoms. But maybe citizens in those kingdoms would be living better as the princes spent more on health and education as you mentioned.
 
如果没有英国的统治，印度今天可能会有数百个独立的王国，但也许这些王国的公民会生活得更好，因为王子们会在健康和教育上投入更多，就像你提到的那样。
 
@vishnunarayan7541
His majesty's Fanboy. Looks like we Indians were very primitive "civilisation wise" compared to his kingdomship. That's why his great great grandfathers searched new sea routes to India. Seems like democracy, English etc would have naturally come to India. No need for his grandfathers to starve to death 33 MILLION people.
 
这位是“陛下”的粉丝。看起来我们印度人在“文明”方面与他的王国相比非常原始，这就是为什么他的曾曾祖父们寻找通往印度的新海路，似乎民主、英语等会自然而然地来到印度而不需要他的祖父们饿死3300万人。
 
@zurielsss
Just look at the difference between Singapore and India, they both achieved independence after the British empire. Capitalism made one rich and socialism kept the other poor. Singapore didn't blame UK for poverty or riches. But Indians whine to this day.
 
只需看看新加坡和印度之间的差异就明白了，它们都在大英帝国之后获得了独立。资本主义让一个富裕，社会主义让另一个贫穷。新加坡没有因为贫穷或富裕而责怪英国，但印度人至今还在抱怨。
 
@SambaranBanerjee8
Before making this video, you should have read the book called An Era of Darkness by Dr. Shashi Tharoor, or just watch the Oxford speech given by him—it’s on YouTube—how the British killed India. Just read the story of Tata Steel, how the British used to behave to an Indian businessman, and the GENOCIDE by them in the great famine of Bengal.
 
在制作这段视频之前，你应该读一读Shashi Tharoor博士的《黑暗时代》，或者看看他在牛津的演讲——YouTube上有——关于英国如何摧毁印度。读一读塔塔钢铁的故事，看看英国人是如何对待一位印度商人的以及他们在孟加拉大饥荒中的种族灭绝行为。
 
@roniscool9
It's much more nuanced than that. British divide and conquer tactic left cultural and social fissures that have plagued the Indian subcontinent. Not to mention carving the country based on religious lines. The region as a whole has suffered because of these policies.
 
事情比这复杂得多。英国的分而治之策略留下了困扰印度次大陆的文化和社会裂痕，更不用说根据宗教划分国家了。整个地区都因为这些政策而遭受苦难。
 
@abhik099
British caused the largest manmade famine in the world, which happened to be the Bengal Famine in 1943, in which 3.8 million people died. The British government exported most of India's food grain to European countries for hoarding for war purposes.
 
英国人造成了世界上最大的人为饥荒，即1943年的孟加拉饥荒，导致380万人死亡。英国政府将印度的大部分粮食出口到欧洲国家用于战争储备。
 
@anilbdas562
India is still continuing the same mistake even 75 years after independence—not investing in QUALITY primary education and QUALITY primary health. The biggest legacy of the British Empire that left India still so desperately poor is an unaccountable administration and bureaucracy. If the politicians and bureaucrats could be made accountable for their deeds, India would be a far better country.
 
印度在独立75年后仍在犯同样的错误——没有投资于优质的基础教育和基础医疗。英国留给印度最糟糕的遗产是缺乏问责的行政和官僚体系，这使得印度仍然如此贫困。如果政治家和官僚能为他们的行为负责，印度会成为一个更好的国家。
 
@ATW090
If there is no Great Britain, modern India probably wouldn't exist to begin with. There probably would be 10+ small kingdoms/countries on the subcontinent. On the other side, if Great Britain didn't take over the Indian subcontinent, the butterfly effects would be huge, and the world and history we know would not exist.
 
如果没有大英帝国，现代印度可能根本不会存在。次大陆上可能会有10多个小王国/国家。另一方面，如果英国没有占领印度次大陆，蝴蝶效应将是巨大的，我们所知道的世界和历史将不复存在。
 
@GhulamMustafa-je2lx
The whole video felt like racist euro-centric propaganda (sorry to say this). Every good thing that India has today is the continuation of what British built or brought there. And everything that is bad is due to lack of sound judgement on the Indian side.
 
整段视频感觉像是种族主义的欧洲中心主义的宣传（抱歉这么说）。印度今天拥有的每一件好事都是英国人建造或带来的延续，而每一件坏事都是由于印度方面缺乏正确判断造成的。