拜登叫停日铁并购美钢，日本怒批“美国自以为是让人难以容忍”
Biden blocks Japan's Nippon Steel from buying US Steel
译文简介
拜登叫停日铁并购美钢。
正文翻译
US President Joe Biden has blocked the takeover of US Steel by a bigger Japanese firm, delivering on a political promise despite fears the move could hurt Washington's relations with Tokyo and scare off other foreign investors.
美国总统拜登阻止了美国钢铁公司被一家规模更大的日本公司收购，从而兑现他的一项政治承诺，但人们担心此举可能会损害华盛顿与东京的关系，吓跑其他外国投资者。
Biden cited threats to national security in rejecting the Nippon Steel purchase, saying US ownership was important to keeping the US steel industry and its supply chains strong.
拜登以国家安全受到威胁为由拒绝了新日铁的收购，他表示为了保持美国钢铁行业及其供应链的强大，公司所有权归美国所有非常重要。
拜登以国家安全受到威胁为由拒绝了新日铁的收购，他表示为了保持美国钢铁行业及其供应链的强大，公司所有权归美国所有非常重要。
His intervention follows pressure from the United Steelworkers unx, which had opposed a transaction that was a sensitive political issue in the 2024 US presidential campaign.
他是在美国钢铁工人联合会的压力下介入的，该工会曾反对这笔交易。在2024年的美国总统竞选中，该交易成为一个敏感的政治问题。
他是在美国钢铁工人联合会的压力下介入的，该工会曾反对这笔交易。在2024年的美国总统竞选中，该交易成为一个敏感的政治问题。
The Japanese government has called Biden's decision "incomprehensible".
日本政府声称拜登的决定“令人费解”。
日本政府声称拜登的决定“令人费解”。
Nippon Steel and US Steel said Biden's decision showed the review of the deal had been "corrupted" for political gain.
新日铁和美国钢铁表示，拜登的决定表明，该交易的审查因政治利益而“徇私舞弊”。
新日铁和美国钢铁表示，拜登的决定表明，该交易的审查因政治利益而“徇私舞弊”。
The two companies, which had previously threatened to sue the government if the deal did not happen, on Friday said they would take "appropriate action to protect their legal rights".
两家公司在周五表示，他们将采取“适当行动来保护自己的合法权利”。他们曾扬言如果交易未能达成，他们将会起诉政府。
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两家公司在周五表示，他们将采取“适当行动来保护自己的合法权利”。他们曾扬言如果交易未能达成，他们将会起诉政府。
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"We believe that President Biden has sacrificed the future of American steelworkers for his own political agenda," the companies said in a statement, adding that the move sent "a chilling message to any company based in a US allied country contemplating significant investment in the United States".
两家公司在一份声明中表示：“我们认为，拜登总统为了达到自己的政治目的，牺牲了美国钢铁工人的未来”，并表示此举“向所有总部位于美国盟国、打算大举投资美国的企业发出了令人心寒的信号”。
两家公司在一份声明中表示：“我们认为，拜登总统为了达到自己的政治目的，牺牲了美国钢铁工人的未来”，并表示此举“向所有总部位于美国盟国、打算大举投资美国的企业发出了令人心寒的信号”。
Japanese officials also said they were disappointed by the decision.
日本官员也表示，他们对拜登的这一决定感到失望。
日本官员也表示，他们对拜登的这一决定感到失望。
"There are strong concerns from the economic circles of both Japan and the US, and especially from Japanese industry regarding future investments between Japan and the US, and the Japanese government has no choice but to take this matter seriously," Japanese industry and trade minister Yoji Muto said in a statement to Reuters.
日本经济产业大臣武藤容治在发给路透社的一份声明中表示：“日美两国经济界对此深感担忧，尤其是关系到日美之间未来投资的日本业界。日本政府对此别无选择，只能严肃对待此事”。
日本经济产业大臣武藤容治在发给路透社的一份声明中表示：“日美两国经济界对此深感担忧，尤其是关系到日美之间未来投资的日本业界。日本政府对此别无选择，只能严肃对待此事”。
Biden's decision comes a year after Nippon Steel first announced the $14.9bn (£12bn) deal to buy its smaller Pennsylvania-based rival.
在拜登做出决定的前一年，新日铁首次宣布以149亿美元（120亿英镑）的价格收购规模较小、总部位于宾夕法尼亚州的竞争对手。
在拜登做出决定的前一年，新日铁首次宣布以149亿美元（120亿英镑）的价格收购规模较小、总部位于宾夕法尼亚州的竞争对手。
It raises significant questions about the path forward for the company, a 124-year-old name that was once a symbol of American industrial might but is now much diminished.
这引发了该公司何去何从的重大问题。这家拥有124年历史的老牌企业，曾经是美国工业实力的象征，但现在大大衰落了。
这引发了该公司何去何从的重大问题。这家拥有124年历史的老牌企业，曾经是美国工业实力的象征，但现在大大衰落了。
It spent months looking for a buyer before announcing the tie-up with Nippon Steel, the world's fourth largest steelmaker, in December 2023.
该公司花了数月时间寻找买家，后来在2023年12月宣布与全球第四大钢铁制造商新日铁合作。
该公司花了数月时间寻找买家，后来在2023年12月宣布与全球第四大钢铁制造商新日铁合作。
US Steel has warned that it might have to close factories without the investment that would come with a new owner, concerns that had been echoed by some workers and local politicians.
美国钢铁公司警告说，如果没有新东家的投资，公司可能被迫倒闭，一些工人和当地政界人士也表达了同样的担忧。
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美国钢铁公司警告说，如果没有新东家的投资，公司可能被迫倒闭，一些工人和当地政界人士也表达了同样的担忧。
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The two companies had pledged not to cut jobs and made other concessions in an effort to win support for the deal. Just this week, they offered to fund a workforce training centre - and reportedly give the government the right to veto potential production cuts.
两家公司为了这笔交易赢得支持，做出不裁员的承诺和其他方面的让步。就在本周，他们提出资助一个劳动力培训中心的计划，据说还赋予政府否决潜在减产的权利。
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两家公司为了这笔交易赢得支持，做出不裁员的承诺和其他方面的让步。就在本周，他们提出资助一个劳动力培训中心的计划，据说还赋予政府否决潜在减产的权利。
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But the arguments failed to convince Biden, who had come out in opposition to the deal early last year, as election season heated up and with the key swing state of Pennsylvania poised to play a key role.
但这些提议未能说服拜登，他曾在去年初公开反对这笔交易，当时选举季愈发激烈，关键的摇摆州宾夕法尼亚州势必发挥关键作用。
但这些提议未能说服拜登，他曾在去年初公开反对这笔交易，当时选举季愈发激烈，关键的摇摆州宾夕法尼亚州势必发挥关键作用。
The transaction was also criticised by President-elect Donald Trump and the incoming vice-president, JD Vance, whose appeals to unx workers formed a big part of their campaign message.
这一交易还受到候任总统特朗普和候任副总统万斯的批评，他们对工会工人的呼吁构成了竞选理念的重要组成部分。
这一交易还受到候任总统特朗普和候任副总统万斯的批评，他们对工会工人的呼吁构成了竞选理念的重要组成部分。
The US government panel charged with reviewing the deal for national security risks failed to reach a consensus by late December, leaving the decision to Biden, who was required to act within a 15-day deadline.
截至12月底，负责审查该交易是否构成国家安全风险的美国政府小组未能达成共识，于是将决定权交给了拜登，要求他在15日内采取行动。
截至12月底，负责审查该交易是否构成国家安全风险的美国政府小组未能达成共识，于是将决定权交给了拜登，要求他在15日内采取行动。
In his announcement on Friday he said foreign ownership presented a risk and ordered the companies to abandon the deal within 30 days.
他在周五的声明中称，外资所有权会对国家安全构成风险，并勒令两家公司在30日内取消该交易。
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他在周五的声明中称，外资所有权会对国家安全构成风险，并勒令两家公司在30日内取消该交易。
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"A strong domestically owned and operated steel industry represents an essential national security priority and is critical for resilient supply chains," he said.
他说：“由国内控股和经营的强大钢铁行业是国家安全的重中之重，对于弹性供应链至关重要”。
他说：“由国内控股和经营的强大钢铁行业是国家安全的重中之重，对于弹性供应链至关重要”。
"That is because steel powers our country: our infrastructure, our auto industry, and our defence industrial base. Without domestic steel production and domestic steel workers, our nation is less strong and less secure."
“这是因为钢铁是我们国家的支柱，支撑着我们的基础设施、汽车工业、国防工业基础。如果没有自己的钢铁生产和钢铁工人，我们国家就会变得不再强大，不再安全”。
“这是因为钢铁是我们国家的支柱，支撑着我们的基础设施、汽车工业、国防工业基础。如果没有自己的钢铁生产和钢铁工人，我们国家就会变得不再强大，不再安全”。
The United Steelworkers unx called the decision the "right move for our members and our national security", saying its opposition had been driven by concerns about the long-term viability of its industry.
美国钢铁工人联合会称，这一决定“是关乎我们工会成员和国家安全的正确之举”，并表示工会反对这一交易是出于对钢铁行业长远生存能力的担忧。
美国钢铁工人联合会称，这一决定“是关乎我们工会成员和国家安全的正确之举”，并表示工会反对这一交易是出于对钢铁行业长远生存能力的担忧。
"We're grateful for President Biden's willingness to take bold action to maintain a strong domestic steel industry and for his lifelong commitment to American workers," President David McCall said.
美国钢铁工人联合会主席戴维·麦考尔表示：“我们感谢拜登总统为保证国内钢铁行业的强大而采取的果敢行动，也感谢他对美国工人做出的终生承诺”。
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美国钢铁工人联合会主席戴维·麦考尔表示：“我们感谢拜登总统为保证国内钢铁行业的强大而采取的果敢行动，也感谢他对美国工人做出的终生承诺”。
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Prof Stephen Nagy, of the Department of Politics International Studies at the International Christian University in Tokyo, called Biden's decision "political", noting that the administration from its start promised a foreign policy "for the middle class".
东京国际基督教大学政治国际研究系的斯蒂芬·纳吉教授称，拜登做的是“政治性”决定，并指出拜登政府从一开始就承诺过制定“有利于中产阶级”的外交政策。
东京国际基督教大学政治国际研究系的斯蒂芬·纳吉教授称，拜登做的是“政治性”决定，并指出拜登政府从一开始就承诺过制定“有利于中产阶级”的外交政策。
"This was a direct response and continuation of the Trump MAGA agenda of Making America Great Again," he said. "The Biden administration couldn't appear weak on foreign businesses, whether it's an ally or adversary."
他说：“这是对特朗普‘让美国再次伟大’目标的直接回应和延续”。“拜登政府在外企面前不能显得软弱，无论是盟友还是对手”。
他说：“这是对特朗普‘让美国再次伟大’目标的直接回应和延续”。“拜登政府在外企面前不能显得软弱，无论是盟友还是对手”。
White House spokesperson John Kirby dismissed suggestions the move could damage American relationships with allies, saying Biden had made clear the decision was not "about Japan",
白宫发言人约翰·柯比驳斥了此举可能损害美国与盟友关系的说法，并表示拜登已澄清这一决定不是“针对日本”。
白宫发言人约翰·柯比驳斥了此举可能损害美国与盟友关系的说法，并表示拜登已澄清这一决定不是“针对日本”。
"This is about US steel-making and keeping one of the largest steel producers in the United States an American-owned company," he said at a press conference.
他在新闻发布会上表示：“这是为了美国的钢铁生产，使美国最大的钢铁生产商之一作为美国企业存在下去”。
他在新闻发布会上表示：“这是为了美国的钢铁生产，使美国最大的钢铁生产商之一作为美国企业存在下去”。
Shares in US Steel fell more than 5% on Friday.
周五，美国钢铁公司的股价下跌超过5%。
周五，美国钢铁公司的股价下跌超过5%。
But analysts said the move might not mark the end of the deal. Biden's order says the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States can extend the 30-day deadline to scrap the transaction.
但分析师指出，此举可能并不等于交易的终结。根据拜登的命令，美国外国投资委员会可以将30日内取消该交易的期限延长。
但分析师指出，此举可能并不等于交易的终结。根据拜登的命令，美国外国投资委员会可以将30日内取消该交易的期限延长。
Prof Nagy said he thought the companies could decide to try again under Trump, potentially offering different terms that would allow the new president to claim he had negotiated a better deal.
纳吉教授表示，他认为两家公司可能在特朗普上台后再次尝试交易，也许会提出不一样的条件，这样新总统可以声称他通过谈判达成了更好的交易。
纳吉教授表示，他认为两家公司可能在特朗普上台后再次尝试交易，也许会提出不一样的条件，这样新总统可以声称他通过谈判达成了更好的交易。
Political analyst Terry Haines of Pangaea Policy also said Trump, despite his criticism of the deal, might have reason to revisit the decision.
预测公司Pangaea Policy的政治分析师特里·海恩斯也表示，尽管特朗普批评该交易，但他可能有理由重新考虑这一决定。
预测公司Pangaea Policy的政治分析师特里·海恩斯也表示，尽管特朗普批评该交易，但他可能有理由重新考虑这一决定。
"One of the things that's difficult about this decision is that Japan is a very close US ally," he said. "The government's got frankly a big evidentiary burden in order to justify what they're doing today - and it hurts bilateral relations with Japan, something Trump will want to avoid."
“这一决定的棘手之处在于日本是美国的亲密盟友”，他说道。“说实在的，为了证明他们现在的决定是对的，美国政府背负着巨大的举证责任，而且这一决定会损害美国与日本的关系，这不是特朗普想要的结果”。
“这一决定的棘手之处在于日本是美国的亲密盟友”，他说道。“说实在的，为了证明他们现在的决定是对的，美国政府背负着巨大的举证责任，而且这一决定会损害美国与日本的关系，这不是特朗普想要的结果”。
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This is not about national security. This is pure nostalgia for the days of America's industrial supremacy. United States Steel was once one of the largest companies in the world and its headquarters, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was the cauldron of America's heavy industry. Once but long ago. US Steel has atrophied for decades, culminating in its humiliating de-listing from the S&P 500. It is less than a shadow of its former self. The deal with Nippon Steel was the last chance for this decrepit dinosaur of a company.
这一决定与国家安全无关，完全是为了重温美国工业霸权时代的旧梦。美国钢铁公司曾经是全球最大的企业之一，公司总部位于宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡，那里曾经是美国重工业的发源地。但时过境迁，美国钢铁公司在衰退了数十年后，颜面尽失地退出了标准普尔500指数。昔日的荣光不复存在，对于这家衰败的老古董企业来说，与新日铁达成交易是最后的机会。
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Actually this is a national security issue if US steel is bought by Nippon Steel the Japanese can not only shut down American steel mills but Japan could deny us Americans the steel we need to build guns, tanks, planes, and war ships for our military. US steel needs to remain in American control we can not allow the Japanese to cut us off from being able to get the steel needed to build weapons for the American military industrial complex.
这其实关乎国家安全，如果美国钢铁被新日铁收购，日本不仅可以关闭美国钢铁厂，还可以拒绝向美国供应钢铁，而我们为军队制造枪支、坦克、飞机、军舰都要用到钢铁。美国钢铁公司应该继续掌握在美国手中，不能让日本剥夺我们制造钢铁的能力，因为美国军工复合体需要钢铁来制造武器。
no, it's not. Do you know how many U.S. forces are placed in Japan?
Japan sees america as the most crucial partner to fight against China, Russia, North Korea. What in the world Japan suddenly cause a national security issue on USA?
不会的，你知道日本有多少美国驻军吗？日本将美国视为对抗中国、俄罗斯、朝鲜的重要伙伴，日本怎么会突然给美国带来国家安全问题？
Now you sound like a California Democrat. Completely disconnected with the real world.
你说这话好像是加州民主党人，与现实世界完全脱节了。
that's funny considering that I'm actually a registered republican and not a democrat. I'm actually not disconnected with the world I'm just stating a fact that US steel should remain in American control rather than Japanese control.
真有意思，我可不是民主党人，而是登记在册的共和党人。我也没有与世界脱节，而只是在陈述一个事实，即美国钢铁公司应该继续掌握在美国手中，而不是日本手中。
Japan has some agreements with China, you know. Japan probably has two faces here.
你要知道，日本与中国之间有多项协议，日本在这方面可能是个两面派。
America has some agreements with China too. that doesn’t really mean much
美国与中国之间也有多项协议，意义真的不大。
we Americans have no military agreements or treaties with China
我们美国没有与中国签订军事协议或条约。
I think Biden did the right thing this time. The United States needs its own steel company and cannot sell them all to Japan. It is also easy for the White House to subsidize US Steel, and it doesn't need a lot of money.
我认为拜登这次做得对。美国需要有自己的钢铁企业，不能全部卖给日本。白宫补贴美国钢铁也容易，不需要太多资金。
US Steel is just one of many companies making steel in the US with a market share of 8.35% in 2024 - that's a market share that is shrinking, by the way. It's failure to invest in more modern technology and specialist steel processes is why it has lost market share to other US rivals, principally Nucor - US Steel only makes basic steels (and it doesn't do that well). At a time when the US government is running a huge budget deficit why should the government subsidize a failing company just because it has "US" in it's name? Especially when there's an investor willing to relieve them of the burden and invest in the US economy to boot. Perhaps the question you should ask is why hasn't the US Steel management invested in their outdated mills over the last few decades?
美国钢铁公司只是众多美国钢铁企业之一，2024年的市场份额占8.35%——对了，这一数字仍在不断萎缩。公司没有对现代化技术和专业的钢铁生产工艺进行投资，因此它的市场份额流向了以纽柯钢铁为首的美国竞争对手——美国钢铁公司只生产基础钢材（但质量差）。美国政府当前正面临巨额预算赤字，为什么应该补贴这家濒临倒闭的企业？难道只是因为它的名称冠以“美国”字样？尤其是在投资者愿意为企业减轻负担并投资美国经济的情况下。也许你应该问的是，为什么美国钢铁公司的管理层几十年来从未投资他们落后的钢铁厂？
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
How can the Japanese owners of a company located in America, deny anything produced by that company in that country to the country. If it is a national security issue, I would suggest the US army would be driving a tank through the factory gate within hours. The factory could be nationalized in hours and work carried out as normal.
作为一家总部位于美国的企业，它的日本业主怎么可能不让这家企业向美国提供产品？如果存在国家安全问题，我建议美军几小时内开着坦克冲入工厂大门，几个小时就能把工厂收归国有，让生产恢复正常。
exactly. Perfectly said. If we were in conflict with the Japanese, what are they going to do? Put their own army in the steel plant. The US govt is sovereign and can basically do whatever they want with assets based in the country
完全正确，说得太好了。如果我们与日本发生冲突，他们会怎么做？将日军部署在钢铁厂里。美国是主权国家，可以利用本国资产随心所欲地采取行动。
we aren't obligated to sell our companies to any foreign power.
我们没有义务将企业卖给外国势力。
Every country has right to protect and defend their own critical industries. Since China already has Chinese port in Peru, USA needs to protect American critical industries from being taken over by other countries. China is already on the American continent. Let's see how Trump will react to that. Instead of taking over American companies, Japan needs to boost up Japanese population. Make young Japanese migrate to Japanese villages. The cost of living in villages is averagely lower than the cost of living in cities/towns.
每个国家都有权利保护和捍卫本国的支柱产业。中国已经控制了秘鲁的港口，所以美国要防止支柱产业落入外国之手。中国已经染指了美洲大陆，看看特朗普将如何加以应对。日本应该增加人口数量，而不是收购美国企业，让日本年轻人移居到农村，那里的生活成本普遍低于城镇的生活成本。
Do you know the current status of us steel? they don't have the technical capability to supply such high quality steel on their own. They asked nippon steel for help because their performance is declining despite tax cuts and other support they have already received. now that the deal is off the table, us steel is likely to become a zombie company with even more government money pouring into it. This will lead to the mass production of poor quality military weapons.
你了解美国钢铁公司的现状吗？他们不具备独立生产优质钢材的技术能力。尽管该公司享受着减税和其他扶持政策，但由于业绩持续下滑，仍然向新日铁寻求帮助。现在交易取消了，美国钢铁公司可能变成一家需要政府不断注入资金的僵尸企业，这将导致大量的劣质军事武器被生产出来。
in the first place, if the us government had given enough support to us steel, nippon steel wouldn’t have had to do this. And now it’s not allowing nippon steel to help them out. It’s so funny
首先，如果美国政府给予美国钢铁公司足够的援助，新日铁就没必要收购它。美国政府现在不允许新日铁帮助该公司走出困境，这太可笑了。
business transaction is about profit, not about help
商业交易是为了牟利，而不是为了提供帮助。
Only the ownership will be in Japanese hand, everything else will still be in US, including actual manufacturing by American managers, & workers
只是企业所有权归日本所有，其他一切事务仍由美国说了算，包括实际生产控制在美国管理人员和工人的手中。
no the Japanese cannot just shut the plant as a weapon of conflict. In a time of conflict (which seems unlikely with Japan) the US is sovereign and can ultimately just take back the plant if it ever got to that. The Japanese couldn’t force the plant to be shuttered if the US government wishes to keep it open.
关闭工厂不可能成为日本的战时武器。当发生冲突时（与日本似乎不太可能）
美国作为主权国家可以收回工厂。如果美国政府希望工厂开工，日本就无法迫使工厂停工。
You’re 100% right. The only difference would be that profits (if any) could leave the country. I suspect there’ll be a $3B plan to modernize US Steel, this time funded by tax payers ♂️
你说的完全正确，唯一的区别是企业利润（如果有的话）会流向国外。我怀疑会有一个30亿美元的计划来实现美国钢铁公司的现代化，这回由纳税人出钱。
profits go to the shareholders/ceos they don’t go to the U.S. or Japan. the US doesn’t own US steel it is not a state owned company it is privately owned just like Nippon is. The U.S. doesn’t get any of US steels profits the only money the U.S. gets is through taxes that the company pays.
利润会流向股东或首席执行官，而不是美国或日本。美国钢铁不归美国所有，因为它不是国企，而是像新日铁一样的私企。美国不索取美国钢铁的利润，它唯一的收入是企业纳税。
如果新日铁收购了美国钢铁，使其恢复竞争力和盈利能力，美国可以通过征税从美国钢铁身上赚到更多的钱，也不需要再补贴一家濒临倒闭的企业以维持其生存了。但基于对我们领导人的了解，你也许说得没错，我们可能会投入数十亿美元来恢复美国钢铁公司的生产能力，但会像以往那样徒劳无功。