网友讨论：为什么非洲仍然如此贫穷？
Why Africa is Still So Poor
译文简介
非洲的资源丰富，超乎想象。然而，非洲的现状却充满贫困，约有4.29亿人生活在极端贫困线以下，约占大陆总人口的三分之一。今天，尽管这片土地富饶，但最令人印象深刻的却是那些饥饿的孩子，空洞的眼神在粮食援助工作者的帮助下勉强度日。为什么会有如此鲜明的对比？
正文翻译
Africa is rich beyond imagination. Blessed with natural resources from arable land, oil, and natural gas to minerals, forests, and wildlife. The continent is jam-packed with a sizable portion of the world’s natural resources, both renewables and non-renewables.
But its present is marred with abject poverty, with 429 million people living beneath the extreme poverty line, roughly a third of the continent’s total population. Today the land might be burgeoning with riches, but the haunting sites most resonant with Africa are those of starving children with vacant eyes getting fed by food aid workers. Why the stark contrast?
非洲的资源丰富，超乎想象。这里拥有从可耕地、石油和天然气到矿产、森林和野生动物等自然资源。整个大陆蕴藏着大量世界自然资源，无论是可再生资源还是非可再生资源。
然而，非洲的现状却充满贫困，约有4.29亿人生活在极端贫困线以下，约占大陆总人口的三分之一。今天，尽管这片土地富饶，但最令人印象深刻的却是那些饥饿的孩子，空洞的眼神在粮食援助工作者的帮助下勉强度日。为什么会有如此鲜明的对比？
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Sungapore. The only reason the Chinese were there was because if the British. No British, no Singapore. The leadership of Singapore was British educated and the legal frxwork post colonialisation was English common law. All factors that were the basis of Singapore's success.
新加坡。中国人在那里存在的唯一原因是因为有英国人。如果没有英国人，就没有新加坡。新加坡的领导层接受了英国教育，且殖民后期的法律框架是英国普通法。这些都是新加坡成功的基础因素。
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Glad to see we are not blindly blaming white people for everything
很高兴看到我们并没有盲目地把所有问题归咎于白人。
I think that it boils down to the politicians. If they are very corrupt (as they are here in the US) society stalls and goes down.
我认为问题归根结底是政客。如果他们非常腐败（就像美国这里一样），社会就会停滞不前，甚至倒退。
A combination of factors results in any issue. It’s not just Europe, or just dictatorial rule, or Marxism… it’s a combination of these and so many other things. It’s important to have a video like this to legitimize all angles of the issue.
任何问题的产生都是多种因素的综合结果。这不仅仅是欧洲问题，或者只是DC统治，或者是马克思主义……这是这些以及许多其他因素的结合。像这样的影片很重要，因为它能够让人们从各个角度看待问题。
If you look more in depth, China still struggles with its food security
如果深入观察，中国依然在为食品安全而苦苦挣扎。
I remember having a conversation a few years ago with my Saudi-born Nigerian friend about the backwardness of Africa. We discussed MANY issues weighing down Africa, but at the end we agreed that by far the most contributing factor is the lack of value investment mentality in most African nations. For example, in an impoverished community, if a family farmed a large patch of land, the community's attitude would be to use the crops to stave off immediate hunger instead of growing the farming activity. This African lack of prudent thinking is why Africa is poor and undeveloped.
我记得几年前和我一位出生在沙特的尼日利亚朋友讨论非洲的落后问题时，我们讨论了许多困扰非洲的问题，但最后我们都同意，最主要的原因是大多数非洲国家缺乏价值投资的思维。举个例子，在一个贫困的社区里，如果一个家庭耕种了一大片土地，社区的态度通常是用这些作物来解决眼前的饥饿问题，而不是去扩大农业活动。这种缺乏深思熟虑的思维方式正是非洲贫困和未发展的根本原因。
Europe after the fall of Rome was at tribal warfare. Chieftains fighting chieftains to conquer them and forcing assimilation, becoming petty kings. Petty kings fighting Petty kings conquered and forced assimilation, becoming kings over vast amounts of territory. Centuries later, after a fluid border by marriage, annexation, purchases, etc owned by the monarchs, nation-states were solidified and the borders made static until declared wars.
罗马帝国崩溃后的欧洲处于部落战争状态。酋长们互相征战，征服对方并强制同化，逐渐成为小国国王。小国国王们再互相争斗，征服并同化，成为拥有大片领土的国王。几个世纪后，随着婚姻、吞并、购买等方式，君主们的领土逐渐流动，国家边界逐渐固定，直到宣战才会发生变化。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
我在想，如果非洲被允许自主发展，会发生什么？会不会是2000个部落或民族群体彼此征服、同化，一波接一波，最终只剩下15个王国，边界流动，然后是民族国家的形成，接着是为了减少民族国家数量而发生战争，最终剩下7个？
Singapore was Westernized, most of Africa had proxy wars between the West and the Soviet unx.
新加坡是西方化的，而大多数非洲国家则经历了西方与苏联之间的代理战争。
Great video, friend. As a Nigerian, it's so refreshing to hear such such an obxtive analysis of Africa and it's issues. So many people just automatically parrot the notion that all our problems are due to colonialism or racism while ignoring more important factors like our geography, climate and sociocultural, political, and economic issues. Thanks for your obxtivity.
很棒的视频，朋友。作为一名尼日利亚人，听到如此客观的分析真是令人耳目一新。很多人自动重复说我们所有的问题都归咎于殖民主义或种族主义，而忽视了更重要的因素，如我们的地理、气候以及社会文化、政治和经济问题。感谢你保持客观。
Look at Rhodesia they had a stable currency, a thriving, economy, agriculture, industry, hospitals, airports, railroads, universities, paved roads, plenty of clean, water, electricity, air conditioning, plenty of petrol at all the filling stations, fully stocked grocery store, shelves , no trash on the streets, no graffiti on the buildings and then suddenly everything collapsed.
Rhodesia became. ZimmGhetto
看看罗得西亚，他们曾有稳定的货币、繁荣的经济、农业、工业、医院、机场、铁路、大学、铺好的道路、充足的清洁水、电力、空调，所有加油站都有充足的汽油，杂货店货架上琳琅满目，街道上没有垃圾，建筑物上没有涂鸦，然后突然一切都崩溃了。罗得西亚变成了津巴布韦贫民区。
it is funny how these countries starve and starve, yet their populations are absolutely booming...
真有趣，这些国家一直在饥荒中挣扎，然而它们的人口却在不断增长……
Europe has wasted trillions(yes, really) in development aid for Africa for little to no progress, its definitely not Europe's fault.
欧洲在非洲发展援助上浪费了万亿（没错，真的是万亿），但几乎没有取得什么进展，这绝对不是欧洲的错。
A country's wealth is determined by the intelligence and behavior of it's citizens.
一个国家的财富取决于其公民的智力和行为。
Singapore was a British colony, and since its independence, it has done very well for itself. I don't think that I would have used indignation as a word to describe British rule there.
Jamaica was also a British colony with one of the lowest crime rates in the world back in the 60s. Would anyone care to look up the latest crime statistics ? Go and walk around Kingston.
新加坡曾是英国的殖民地，自从独立以来，它发展得很好。我不认为我会用“愤慨”来形容英国的统治。 牙买加也是英国的殖民地，在60年代时，犯罪率是世界上最低的之一。有人愿意查查最新的犯罪统计数据吗？去金斯敦走一走吧
The rich are getting rich off Africa. That’s the truth
富人正在通过非洲变得更富。这才是事实。
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Who would have thought Com...ism / socialism doesn’t work?! If only there was a plethora of historical examples to learn from.
谁能想到GCZY/社会主义行不通？！如果历史上有那么多的例子可以学习的话。
Simple.
Roughly 55 years ago, a (civil war induced) famine struck a part of Africa; that famine was covered heavily by western media (Biafra crisis).
That media coverage signalled the start of nowadays' industrialized "development aid"; the results of that development aid is basically this:
简单来说。
大约55年前，一场由内战引发的饥荒席卷了非洲的一部分地区；这场饥荒得到了西方媒体的广泛报道（比亚法拉危机）。
这场媒体报道标志着如今工业化“发展援助”的开始；这些发展援助的结果基本上是这样的：
- in this timespan, agriculture grew by 200%. (~x3)
[just to provide numbers for classification: The EU, with not even half the population, produces around twice as much food as the whole african continent.]
从1950年人口从2.4亿增长到超过13亿。（大约增长了5倍）
在这个时间段内，农业增长了200%。（大约增长了3倍）
为了提供分类的数字：欧盟人口不到非洲的一半，但其生产的食品量大约是整个非洲大陆的两倍。
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In other words: Africans "out-procreate" any growth they can manage to achieve; while (almost) all other regions of Planet Earth at some point of history realized to "only breed what you can feed", that very basic concept never made it's way into Africans' heads: Their economies grow somewhat fast, so does their agricultural production - but their population growth consumes every bit of extra-wealth created, instead leaves the continent with a net-minus in terms of wealth (and food).
-直到今天，农业占据了非洲经济的60%以上。
换句话说：非洲人的生育率远远超过他们能够实现的任何经济增长；而（几乎）地球上的所有其他地区，在历史上的某个时刻都意识到“只能养得起的才能生育”，但这一基本概念始终没有进入非洲人的思维：他们的经济增长虽然相对较快，农业生产也增长了——但人口增长吞噬了所有额外创造的财富，反而让这个大陆在财富（和食物）方面处于净亏损状态。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
I most admit. This is pretty disingenuous if we are not going to talk about the lasting affects of the arab slave trade, trans Atlantic slave trade, the race for africa which caused fake countries with randomized borders that causes tribal wars and etc. I'm not saying the current population can't be blamed, but you gotta tell the full story just like Haiti.
我必须承认。如果我们不谈阿拉伯奴隶贸易、跨大西洋奴隶贸易、以及“争夺非洲”的殖民化过程所造成的伪国家和随之而来的部落战争等持久影响，那么这其实是非常不诚实的。我不是说当前的人口不值得责备，但你必须讲完整的故事，就像海地一样。
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Island, Singapore, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, Israel… it’s all about the people and their culture, how they value education, hard work and society being trustworthy and without religious indoctrination or tribalism
岛屿，新加坡，台湾（地区），日本，韩国，以色列……这一切都关乎人民及其文化，他们如何看重教育、勤奋工作以及社会的信任，而没有宗教灌输或部落主义。
Unfortunately in Equatorial Guinea, the "richest" country in Africa, pretty much all of the wealth is in the hands of the country's leading family, while most of the population is just as poor as most other Africans.
不幸的是，在赤道几内亚这个非洲“最富有”的国家，几乎所有的财富都掌握在该国的领导家族手中，而大多数人口和大多数其他非洲人一样贫穷。
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one only has to compare South Korea in 1960. It was still recovering from the war and very poor compared to many of the African countries that had received their independence at the time.
And how things are now.
只需比较一下1960年的韩国。当时它仍在从战争中恢复，相比许多当时刚获得独立的非洲国家要贫穷得多。
看看现在的情况。
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Their geogrqphy sucks. They are also geographically isolated, there tends to be vliffs on the coast, and most rivers are not navigable.
他们的地理位置很糟糕。他们也地理上相对孤立，沿海通常是悬崖，而且大多数河流都无法通航。
The natives have had sub Saharan Africa for 400,000 years and only managed to rise to the technology of building a mud hut.
You cannot blame Europe.
当地人已经在撒哈拉以南的非洲生活了40万年，却只发展出了建造土坯房的技术。
你不能全怪欧洲。
Africa was even underdeveloped before being colonised, Singapore is small and colonial impact was bigger than in Africa, so after gainning independence there was infrastructure, modern institution and an small mass of educated people (westernized), Africa was to big, infrastracture was build here and there, very diverse in terms of population and laguages, after independence most of it fight in all kinds of wars (political, tribal, etc), big corruption, no stability, cultural very different from westerners, even now when they start to build infrastracture they do not have capability on their own they go to Chinese so you have Chinese loans, Chinese technology, Chinese machines, Chinese engineers and skilled workers, Chinese investment goals (they focus infrastracture for their own economic interests like getting resourses/mining), africans to pay the bills.
非洲在被殖民之前就已经不发达，新加坡虽然小，但殖民影响比非洲还要大，所以在获得独立后那里已经有了基础设施、现代化的制度和一小部分受过教育的西化人才；而非洲太大，基础设施只是零散建设，人口和语言差异很大，独立后大部分地区经历了各种战争（政治的、部落的等），腐败严重，缺乏稳定，文化与西方差异也很大。即便现在开始建设基础设施，他们自己没有能力，还是依赖中国，所以就有了中国的贷款、中国的技术、中国的机械、中国的工程师和技术工人、中国的投资目标（他们关注的是为自己的经济利益建设基础设施，比如获得资源/矿产开采），而非洲则要为这些买单。
Same reason Detroit, and other cities in America that's went from Great to getto in a few decades!
和底特律以及美国其他一些曾经繁荣但在几十年内变得贫困的城市一样的原因！
What I find more interesting is how people can feel offended when people speak about people who may have some similarity to you but thats all. Because someone calls Africa poor it doesnt mean theyre calling the people bad or poor.
我觉得更有意思的是，当人们谈论与自己可能有一些相似之处的人时，为什么会感到被冒犯。因为有人说非洲贫穷并不意味着他们在说这些人坏或贫穷。
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people dont realize how non dense africa is also. its MASSIVE but not a lot of people.
人们没有意识到非洲是多么的稀疏。它非常庞大，但人口并不多。
Africa was (and often still is) a continent of hunter-gatherer tribes killing each other with sticks amd selling survivors into slavery. There was no going lower than this in term of civilization. Africa wasn't "broken", it was always a feral place.
非洲曾经（并且往往仍然是）是一个由猎人采集部落组成的大陆，这些部落用棍子互相残杀，并将幸存者卖为奴隶。在文明层面上，非洲几乎没有比这更低的水平了。非洲并不是“被摧毁”的，它一直是一个野蛮的地方。
Trading routes are the biggest problem. For a continent so large, Africa lacks navigable rivers that prevent any meaningful movement within or for export. Africa also lacks good roads outside some cities and Poor Geography to allow them to be extended. Rail transportation is also poor over long distances and with roads requiring maintenance and guarding from rebel groups. Old tribal rivalries exist and the rebel groups resulting from this overseen by widespread mismanagement just serve to compound the problems.
贸易路线是最大的问题。对于这样一个如此庞大的大陆，非洲缺乏可通航的河流，这使得其内部或对外出口的运输变得非常困难。除了一些城市外，非洲缺乏良好的道路，地理条件也使得道路难以延伸。长距离的铁路运输也不发达，而且道路需要维护并防止反叛团体破坏。旧的部落纷争依然存在，反叛团体在这种情况中的管理不善只是加剧了这些问题。
So basically we went from don’t blame white people to blame black people. Thanks, I’ve learned a lot from this video
基本上，我们从“不怪白人”变成了“怪黑人”。谢谢，这个视频让我学到了很多。
Grains grow in temperate climates, were introduced to Africa within past couple thousand years. Seasonal crops require disciplined planning--otherwise you starve in winter. Different from tropical subsistence farming: food storage is problematic. It takes generations to modify individual responses or tribal cultures. Endemic crime/corruption are examples of learned impulsivity: get it now before it rots or someone else does.
谷物生长在温带气候中，最近几千年才引入非洲。季节性作物需要有计划的种植——否则冬天就会饿死。这与热带的自给农业不同：食物储存存在问题。需要几代人的时间来改变个人的反应或部落文化。内生的犯罪和腐败是学来的冲动行为：赶快拿到手，不然就会腐烂或者被别人抢走。
7:00 The equator placement is beyond atrocious, that map is 2D equivalent of crime against humanity.
7:00 那个赤道位置真是糟糕透了，那张地图是2D版的反人类罪行。
The 14th century the Old World was decimated by the Black Death. Our ancestors died by the thousands. Black Africa was protected by the immense Sahara.
Long story short: Black Africa did not interfere or helped the people outside Africa. Which was a blessing in disguise because. For Europe's survivors it was the end of feudalism and the beginning of modern societies.
How inhumane it might seem, intefering in other nations with good intentions can be destructive in the long run.
14世纪，旧世界遭遇黑死病的灾难。我们的祖先死于数以万计。非洲被广袤的撒哈拉沙漠保护。
长话短说：非洲并没有干预或帮助外界的人。这在某种程度上是一个“天赐的福音”，因为对于欧洲的幸存者来说，这是封建主义的结束，也是现代社会的开始。
尽管这看起来可能不人道，但以善意干预其他国家从长远来看可能是毁灭性的。
Did you make this video because of the growing anti-western sentiment in parts of Africa and it’s overall lack of interest in the West vs East beef? It seems like a pretty random video drop not to mention the high amount of half truths and misinformation throughout the video.
你做这个视频是因为非洲部分地区日益增长的反西方情绪，以及整体上对东西方冲突的不感兴趣吗？这个视频看起来有点突兀，尤其是视频中有很多半真半假的内容和误导信息。
and Africa has never had an agriculture problème that's nonsense , all those problems are caused by recent climate change
非洲从来没有农业问题，这种说法是胡说八道，所有这些问题都是由近期气候变化引起的。
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You guys need to mix the sound a little better. At about 60% of the video it’s hard to hear what the narrator is saying because the music is so loud.
你们需要稍微调整一下声音的混音。在视频的60%处，叙述者的声音因为背景音乐太响几乎听不清。
Your treating Africa as one problem when I checked alot of the things here make no sense as southern Africa is the most industrializaed region in Africa but okay be like that
你们把非洲当成一个单一问题来处理，但我查了一下，很多视频中的内容并不准确，比如南非是非洲最工业化的地区，但你们就这样处理它。
Sorry, but Equatorial Guinea isn't as great example of development in Africa as depicted in this video. Almost entire GDP of Equatorial Guinea is stolen by elite surrounding president Obiang, meanwhile most of population still lives in extreme poverty. In this video is also mentioned that Zimbabwe could feed itself. But not in time of dictator Robert Mugabe when many people were starving and hyperinflation was skyrocketing.
抱歉，但赤道几内亚并不是视频中所描述的那样非洲的一个发展范例。几内亚几乎整个GDP都被总统奥比昂周围的精英们窃取，而大部分人民仍然生活在极度贫困中。视频中还提到津巴布韦可以自给自足，但在DC者罗伯特·穆加贝时期，许多人都饿死了，且恶性通货膨胀飙升。
Correction: it isn't completely Europe's fault. You can't ignore the long term effects of colonialism.
更正：这完全不是欧洲的责任。不能忽视殖民主义的长期影响。
Shipping and infrastructure as well as various unsafe and unstable countries not to mention poverty disease and corruption.
航运和基础设施，以及一些不安全和不稳定的国家，再加上贫困、疾病和腐败。
Africa suffers from nations with colonial boundaries drawn with no thought to tribe or culture, poor education, and kleptocracies.
非洲问题来自于殖民时期随意划定的国界，这些国界没有考虑到部落和文化，此外还有教育水平低和贪污腐败。
The problem with the whole continent is proper investment. The west runs the world's banking system yet does not invest into the infrastructure of the continent. Areas in which investment is applied shows great potential. Just like in the united states the government for decades worked to keep African American communities down by providing welfare type programs as a singular remedy rather than educational, work programs along fair and decent housing. It says little of a culture to beat on its chest and claims its superior rather than be a great culture and show true superior character by being a good neighbor. Its like the Chinese proverb says "give a man a fish and feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish and feed him for a life time."
Also corruption is killing the continent as well
整个大陆的问题是缺乏适当的投资。西方控制着全球银行系统，但却不投资非洲大陆的基础设施。在一些投资到位的地区，非洲展现出巨大的潜力。就像美国一样，政府几十年来通过提供单一的福利型项目来压制非洲裔美国社区，而不是提供教育、就业项目和公平的住房。这些做法没有谈到文化的提升，反而让一些文化自以为是，宣扬自己的优越性，而不是做一个伟大的文化，展示真正的优越品质，成为一个好邻居。正如中国谚语所说：“授人以鱼，吃一日；授人以渔，终生受益。”
腐败也是摧毁大陆的原因之一。
Africa's situation is not ONLY Europe's fault, but Europe bears significant blame. The creators of this particular video are VERY lazy with the Asian examples. Unlike in Africa, Singaporean leaders were not repeatedly assassinated by Western intelligence agencies (and replaced with incompetent, pro-West puppets) during the transition out of colonialism. Singapore controls its own currency and therefore was able to control its own economic policies. Many "independent" African nations were forced into accepting European control of their currencies. France STILL manipulates African currencies in a way that prioritizes French interests over African interests. Once again, Africa's situation is not ONLY Europe's fault, but Europe bears significant blame.
非洲的困境不仅仅是欧洲的责任，但欧洲确实应该承担很大一部分责任。这个视频的制作人对亚洲的例子处理得非常草率。与非洲不同，新加坡的领导人在脱离殖民主义的过渡过程中并没有被西方情报机构多次暗杀（并被无能的亲西方傀儡取代）。新加坡控制着自己的货币，因此能够掌控自己的经济政策。许多“独立”的非洲国家被迫接受欧洲对其货币的控制。法国至今仍在操控非洲货币，优先考虑法国的利益而非非洲的利益。再次强调，非洲的困境不仅仅是欧洲的责任，但欧洲确实应承担重要责任。