马来西亚为何未能成为亚洲经济新虎？
Why Malaysia Failed to Become an Asian Economic Tiger
译文简介
马来西亚已经在中等收入国家的身份中停滞了几十年。它最终能打破这个魔咒吗？
正文翻译
Malaysia has been stuck as a middle-income nation for decades. Will it finally break this curse?
马来西亚已经在中等收入国家的身份中停滞了几十年。它最终能打破这个魔咒吗？
评论翻译
很赞 ( 9 )
收藏
Personally I think Malaysia can develop better if less corruption, less extremist politician and maintain the multi culture society which make Malaysia so unique in the world.
个人认为，如果减少腐败，减少极端主义政治家，并维持多元文化社会，马来西亚可以发展得更好，这也是马来西亚在世界上独特的原因。
Corruption & increasing Extremism are the biggest challenges in front of Malaysia.
腐败和日益严重的极端主义是马来西亚面临的最大挑战。
This is because of the bumiputera system in Malaysia, as the government diversify most of the resources and money into subsiding and supporting the bumiputera malays. Most of the public enterprise, banks, energy sector, electronic sectors, automobiles, logistics were given quota to the malay rather than merits.
这是因为马来西亚的土著制度（bumiputera制度），政府将大部分资源和资金用于补贴和支持土著马来人。许多公共企业、银行、能源部门、电子行业、汽车业、物流业等领域都优先分配给马来人，而不是依据能力。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Because the leaders have become more and more religious. They do this to gain support and remain in power. Even parents are complaining islamic indoctrination of children in schools took more time than studying what matters most like science and mathematics.
因为领导人越来越宗教化。他们这么做是为了获得支持并保持权力。甚至家长们都抱怨，学校里的伊斯兰教义灌输花费的时间比学习更重要的科学和数学还多。
Because of corruption and mismanagement malaysia can't move further to become tiger.
由于腐败和管理不善，马来西亚无法进一步发展成为亚洲新虎。
Because of idiocracy. Dumb people running the country, while the smart ones get out.
因为愚昧。愚蠢的人在管理国家，而聪明的人选择离开。
Four economic tigers from the 70s, South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore and Malaysia. Three successful countries are govern by those with Chinese-like features and majority Confucianism beliefs. The one left far behind is govern by malay muslim stock. Obvious right?
70年代的四个经济虎：韩国、台湾（地区）、新加坡和马来西亚。成功的三个国家由具有中国人特征和大多数儒家信仰的人治理，而落后的一个则由马来穆斯林领导。显而易见吧？
With the announcement of the budget 2025, I believe the citizens will face serious inflation and CPI rise and this could have more negative impacts to our economy....
随着2025年预算的宣布，我相信市民将面临严重的通货膨胀和CPI上升，这可能对我们的经济带来更多负面影响......
As a singaporean, I respect and love our Malaysian brethren, despite their lackluster government. I believe they have the potential and are on track to become a powerhouse in today’s economics where the west falters. SEA should unite and work together to fight against these turbulent times.
作为一名新加坡人，我尊重并热爱我们的马来西亚兄弟，尽管他们的政府不尽如人意。我相信他们有潜力，并且正朝着成为今天经济大国的道路迈进，而西方国家正面临困境。东南亚应当团结起来，共同应对这些动荡的时代。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Islam is the commonality among Malaysia, Indonesia, and southern Philippines, which are relatively underperforming economies. This is why China had reeducated all of their Islam believers
伊斯兰教是马来西亚、印度尼西亚和菲律宾南部的共同点，这些国家的经济表现相对较差。这也是为什么中国对所有信仰伊斯兰教的人进行了再教育。
Using Malay as a first language in schools, how could they keep up with the world and technology?
在学校使用马来语作为第一语言，他们如何跟上世界和技术的步伐？
LKY : They are prepared to shrink the talent pool just to keep one race dominant.
How to be competitive if they do not practise meritocracy.
李光耀：他们准备通过缩小人才池来保持某个种族的主导地位。如果不实行择优录取，如何具备竞争力？
IRAN, AFGHANISTAN, SAUDI ARABIA, MALAYSIA what was common between them?
伊朗、阿富汗、沙特阿拉伯、马来西亚，它们之间有什么共同点？
Hi-Tech needs more machines than labor. These plans are actually good choices for Malaysia. But if there's no local player, Malaysia will never be becoming a global player...
高科技需要更多的机器而不是劳动力。对于马来西亚来说，这些计划其实是不错的选择。但如果没有本地的参与者，马来西亚永远不可能成为全球玩家…
Austronesians in general love freedom and being laid back hence they are completely unsuitable for modernity. Thus, it also applies to all Malays across Southeast Asia. They never had the busy-bee proclivity and practices of their Chinese counterparts. It's easy to blame corruption but do remember that the government of China is notoriously known for the corruption of its commie party members despite routine capital punishments yet they seemed to carry on economically with stellar results, even South Korea and Japan are surprisingly known for corruption on politics yet they're still able to shine. The difference, really, is that Confucian peoples like Chinese, Koreans, Japanese and Vietnamese love more work while Austronesians love being laid back thanks to the tropics.
一般来说，南岛语系民族喜欢自由和悠闲，因此他们完全不适应现代化。这个特点也适用于东南亚所有的马来人。他们从未像中国人那样有忙碌的习惯和工作方式。虽然很容易把问题归咎于腐败，但也要记得中国.................也一样，尽管有定期的死刑执行，他们依然能够保持经济上的出色表现。甚至韩国和日本政治上也有腐败的现象，但他们依然能够取得成功。真正的区别在于，像中国人、韩国人、日本人和越南人这样的儒家民族更加热衷于工作，而南岛语系民族则因为热带气候更喜欢悠闲的生活方式。
Malaysia is a Muslim majority country and like other 56, (57 including Malaysia) there is almost zero contribution to science, technology and medicine and therefore no innovation and progress is upto certain level. All these 57 OIC countries known as organization of islamic countries have just one product to offer and that too came from natural resources and that is Oil Problem is elsewhere. I need not to elaborate, anybody can realise it.
马来西亚是一个穆斯林占多数的国家，像其他56个（包括马来西亚的57个）伊斯兰合作组织（OIC）成员国一样，几乎没有对科学、技术和医学的贡献，因此创新和进步也只能达到一定程度。所有这些57个OIC国家唯一的产品就是石油，而且这个产品来自于自然资源。问题的根源在别的地方，不需要多说，大家都能意识到这一点。
In other countries, if theres a problem you get the chance to question them.
In Malaysia, if theres a problem you questioned them then they will accused you of kiasu, anti Melayu, anti islam.
You hardly can talk about politics and policies peacefully with the other side. Case closed.
在其他国家，如果有问题，你可以质疑他们。在马来西亚，如果你质疑他们，他们就会指责你是“怕输”、“反马来人”或“反伊斯兰”。你几乎无法与对方和平地讨论政治和政策，问题就这样结束了。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
I believe recently there’s a lot of IT companies from US investing in Malaysia to become a data center sort of place. However, it’s not so easy to believe they will easily become a developed county as they still need to upgrade their people’s education and skills to handle the work associated with data centers and data services(the meat) to get ahead.
我相信最近很多美国的IT公司正在投资马来西亚，把它作为数据中心之类的地方。然而，要相信它们能轻易成为一个发达国家还是不太容易的，因为马来西亚仍然需要提升人们的教育和技能，才能处理与数据中心和数据服务相关的工作（这些才是关键），才能有所进步。
Malaysia may achieve high income nation status but not a fully developed nation.
As long as there is racial politics involved, there will be a laid back attitude from some segment of the population. Some prefer to protect their "right" and become more conservative rather than be more progressive.
It will take another few more decades for the majority of the population to be more mature.
马来西亚可能会实现高收入国家的地位，但还不是一个完全发达的国家。只要种族政治还在，某些群体就会有一种懒散的态度。他们宁愿保护自己的“权利”，变得更加保守，而不是更加进步。大多数人口要变得更加成熟，可能还需要几十年的时间。
Malaysia is also a country where corruption is endemic where leaders are forever focusing on lining their pockets and not on the long term economic well being of the country....mass amounts of money is being drained from the country's coffers into the pockets of very corrupt politicians. This culture of corruption trickle down to all government departments including the police....so massive amounts of money is also leaked to civil servants. Everyone in the country is not thinking of the country but their own pockets. Plus the fact that English is not the main language of communication and therefore the absorption of western science and technology is poor making the transition to a high income country based on innovation difficult.
马来西亚也是一个腐败泛滥的国家，领导人永远专注于填补自己的口袋，而不是关注国家的长期经济福祉……大量资金被从国家国库中转移到非常腐败的政治家口袋里。这种腐败文化渗透到所有政府部门，包括警察……因此，巨额资金也流向公务员。国家中的每个人都不是在为国家着想，而是在想着自己的利益。再加上英语不是主要的沟通语言，因此西方的科技和技术吸收困难，这使得基于创新的高收入国家转型变得更加困难。
Too much politics based on racial and religious issues than to tackle the everyday live issues. Many politicians are short sighted and only care for their self interests. Malaysia can never achieve high quality society if continue on this path. Maybe, Sarawak can, based it's foresight in educations, science, social and religious acceptance among Sarawakians and not based on racial and religious sentiments.
政治过多地围绕种族和宗教问题，而不是处理日常生活中的问题。许多政治家目光短浅，只关心自己的私利。如果继续走这条路，马来西亚永远无法实现高质量的社会。也许砂拉越能够做到，基于其在教育、科技、社会和宗教包容性方面的远见，而不是基于种族和宗教情感。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
LOL. Many malayisans tot they were an Asian Tiger in the 1990s. I dun recall there was a 5th tiger.
哈哈，很多马来西亚人以为自己在1990年代是亚洲四小龙之一。我记得并没有第五个小龙。
Everyday they talked 3Rs and nothing concrete. They stole all the wealth and showed off. So they are good for nothing
每天都在谈论三大“R”，但没有任何实质性的行动。他们偷走了所有财富，却只是炫耀。所以他们什么都不是。
I would say it is still way more powerful than Thailand, Philippines and Indonesia but weaker than Singapore.
我会说，马来西亚仍然比泰国、菲律宾和印尼强大得多，但比新加坡要弱。
Malaysia is more focus on speaking bahasa and religious studies... Economic developments is secondary.
马来西亚更注重讲马来语和宗教学习……经济发展是次要的。
The main reason Malaysia failed in competing with Taiwan, Singapore, South Korea etc is because of the racist policies and laws implemented and written into laws of Malaysia. Father of racist policy like Mahatir, is still very much alive and kicking..
No respect for meritocracy. In fact racism in Malaysia is worst than South Africa.
马来西亚未能与台湾（地区）、新加坡、韩国等国家竞争的主要原因是因为实施并写入法律中的种族主义政策和法律。种族主义政策的“父亲”马哈蒂尔至今仍然健在，依然活跃。没有尊重能力主义，事实上，马来西亚的种族主义比南非还要严重。
With respect, Malaysia needs Meritocracy as opposed to race based jobs and university placement .
Many of its brightest and best have historically left the country for better educational and professional opportunities.
恕我直言，马来西亚需要能力主义，而不是基于种族的工作和大学录取。许多国家最优秀、最聪明的人才过去一直选择离开马来西亚，寻求更好的教育和职业机会。
As an Indonesian living in Malaysia, I would say Malaysia will be a developed country in the upcoming years. Malaysia will be able to maximize their potential when they are able to get rid all of the segregation, racism, and incompetent politicians out of the equation. Both Indonesia and Malaysia could also benefit from a clear separation between politics and religion, as this would likely contribute to more inclusive and forward-looking societies.
作为一名生活在马来西亚的印度尼西亚人，我认为马来西亚在未来几年会成为一个发达国家。当马来西亚能够摆脱所有的种族隔离、种族主义和无能的政治家时，马来西亚将能够最大化其潜力。印尼和马来西亚也可以从政治与宗教之间的明确分离中受益，这可能有助于创造更加包容和面向未来的社会。
As a Malaysian, I am optimistic that my country is on the right track to become high income nation under the leadership of Anwar.
作为一名马来西亚人，我乐观地认为，在安华的领导下，我国正走在成为高收入国家的正确轨道上。
It's ridiculous to always including Singapore as comparation. Singapore is practically a city-nation. The fair comparation of Singapore is Hong kong, or Monaco or every other city-nation.
总是把新加坡作为比较对象真是荒谬。新加坡实际上是一个城市国家。与新加坡的公平比较应该是香港（特区）、摩纳哥或其他城市国家。
Malaysia becoming a powerhouse...???? You must be joking. The basic foundation for any country's development is EDUCATION. With its half backed education system which is a bahasa Melayu education system where even over 90% of its educated Malay population unable to find work in the corporate world coupled with massive, massive corruption that bleeds the country's coffers and reputation as the most corrupted country in Asia and the instability of the governing political environment with the introduction of Hudud and sharia laws that are shying away major investment one can only forsee where Malaysia is heading. To put it bluntly a FAILED STATE which it is already half way there..
马来西亚成为强国……？？你一定是在开玩笑。任何国家发展的基本基础是教育。马来西亚的教育体系半途而废，马来语教育体系下，即使90%以上的受过教育的马来人也难以在企业界找到工作，加上大规模、严重的腐败，国家的财政和声誉都被侵蚀，成为亚洲最腐败的国家之一，再加上政权的不稳定，推广哈杜德法和伊斯兰教法，这些都会让主要投资者退缩，真可想而知马来西亚的未来走向。坦白说，已经走在失败国家的路上，差不多已经到达一半了。
Corruption, Corruption and Corruption. It is hard wired into the Malay DNA that many dont think its wrong at all. Ao it's hard to change malaysia just accept it
腐败、腐败、腐败。许多人根本不认为腐败是错误的，这似乎已经深深植入了马来族的基因中。所以改变马来西亚很难，只能接受它。
Malaysia's digital drive with Cyberjaya was ahead of its time but lack of strategic policies, experienced resources(including bringing in overseas talent) and lack of innovation mindset became stumbling blocks...
马来西亚的数字化推动，特别是赛城，曾领先时代，但由于缺乏战略政策、经验丰富的资源（包括引进海外人才）以及创新思维的不足，成为了障碍。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
His narrative was based on very old old old informations (1970s).
他的叙述基于非常久远的信息（1970年代）。
In recent years, Taiwanese businessmen have actively deployed in Singapore and Malaysia. I think Malaysia is a country with potential.
Malaysians should not belittle themselves
近年来，台湾（地区）的商人积极布局新加坡和马来西亚。我认为马来西亚是一个有潜力的国家。马来西亚人不应低估自己。
Malaysia focus more on equity for her people. Its ok... its better than ending up like Yugoslavia.
马来西亚更注重民族平等。没关系…这总比像南斯拉夫那样解体要好。
As an Indonesian which is poorer than Malaysia, 1 thing my country do better than them is lack of racial division. Malaysia wasted their significant Chinese population that is well disciplined, educated and wealthy under their racist policies in the name of religion and Malay superiority.
作为一个比马来西亚更贫穷的印尼人，我认为我的国家做得比他们更好的一点是缺乏种族分裂。马来西亚浪费了大量具有纪律性、受过良好教育且富裕的华人群体，因为他们的种族政策，在宗教和马来人优越性的名义下。
What is being proposed at the end of the video is a regurgitation of previous policy : indeed it was the closed markets of China ( before WTO accession ) that forced semiconductor and computer accessory assembly of foreign multinational products here and gave a semblance of progress to the country using foreign technology. The situation is repeating itself , this time thru supposed hostility of the West to China that is bringing back the multinationals under the same paradigms as decades back when China was excluded. High value production based on innovation is culture dependent: Malaysia, ( a product of European imperialism) lacks certain cultural factors in segments of the population that allows for value attribution, non prejudice, zero corruption , rule of law, equality before the law, cooperation, discipline , patience and rationality that is required for higher level activities where most attempts at novelty will fail first time round. Perseverance in addition to critical thinking , cooperation, trust and value attribution towards others are required . And so far no official policy has addressed these issues.
视频最后提出的政策其实是对之前政策的重述：实际上是中国（加入WTO之前）的封闭市场迫使外国跨国公司将半导体和电脑配件组装厂设在这里，这让这个国家看似有了进步，依靠的是外国技术。如今形势再次上演，这一次是因为西方与中国的所谓敌对关系，使得跨国公司回到了这些几十年前中国被排除在外时的相似模式。基于创新的高价值生产与文化密切相关：马来西亚（作为欧洲帝国主义的产物）在部分人群中缺乏一些文化因素，这些因素能帮助在更高层次的活动中进行价值评估、消除偏见、消除腐败、遵守法治、法律面前人人平等、合作、纪律、耐心和理性，而这些因素对于成功进行创新至关重要。大多数初次尝试的新事物都会失败，因此坚持、批判性思维、合作、信任以及对他人价值的认同是必要的。迄今为止，官方政策并没有解决这些问题。
It needs to be Inclusive. The policy of malay first is obsolete. Minorities were ignored for decades.
需要包容性。优先考虑马来人的政策已经过时。几十年来，少数民族一直被忽视。
Malaysia should let migrated Malaysians and their children to come back home.
Make I to iteasy and welcoming home young talents with money home to improve Malaysia
马来西亚应该允许移民的马来西亚人及其子女回国。
让我们让年轻有才华、有资金的人容易地回到家乡，帮助改善马来西亚。
Malaysia doesn’t fall under developed economies. But somehow the quality of life is equal if not better than most countries including Singapore. There are extensive rail network, metro, highways, many high-rise condominiums and landed-houses, high usage of motor vehicles, many live performances and concerts from foreign countries. I think prices of goods and services are artifically lowered through subsidies of fuel. The government is slowly removing the subsidies and start to push the country into high-income threshold category where the population has to start mastering high-value skill that require STEM subjects.
马来西亚并不属于发达经济体。但无论如何，生活质量和大多数国家，甚至新加坡相比，都相当接近，甚至更好。这里有广泛的铁路网络、地铁、高速公路、许多高层公寓和独立房屋，高使用率的机动车辆，很多来自外国的现场演出和音乐会。我认为商品和服务的价格是通过对燃料的补贴人工压低的。政府正在逐步取消补贴，并开始推动国家进入高收入门槛类别，迫使人口开始掌握需要STEM（科学、技术、工程和数学）学科的高价值技能。
You didn't tell the full story. Two underlying reasons why Malaysia didn't fully realize its potential is because of corruption and the racial-centric government policies. You said Malaysia failed to make the leap from low cost manufacturing to high end knowledge based economy. That's because the native Malay race has been given special racial privileges over other races like the Chinese and Indians in education and commerce, at the expense of meritocracy. As a result the nation lost many intelligent and capable citizens to other countries. eg. the inventor of the pendrive was actually a Chinese Malaysian but he studied in Taiwan and has his business based there.
这个事件你没有说完整。马来西亚没有充分实现其潜力的两个根本原因是腐败和种族中心的政府政策。你说马来西亚未能从低成本制造业跃升到高端知识经济。那是因为土著马来族在教育和商业上享有比其他种族（如华人和印度人）更多的特殊种族特权，这牺牲了功绩主义的原则。因此，国家失去了许多聪明和有能力的公民，去到其他国家。例如，U盘的发明者其实是一个华裔马来西亚人，但他在台湾（地区）学习，并将他的企业设在那儿。
But because of the racial privileges given to the native Malays, many of them left for other countries especially to Singapore. Many people would know that Singapore was once a state in Malaysia but with a Chinese majority population. It was expelled because of the Malaysian government and Singapore state government did not see eye to eye on the Malay-centric policies pushed by the central government. Today Singapore has left Malaysia far behind economically and is one of the richest countries in the world. Ask yourself why Singapore with little land and no natural resources but with a Chinese majority population (who were technically 'former Malaysians') manage to develop faster and further than Malaysia with so much natural resources but suppressing half it's own non-Malay population. Another factor is the corruption and cronyism taking place in Malaysia.
请注意，马来西亚独立时，非马来族群的人口占了相当大的比例，几乎占一半。然而，由于政府给予土著马来族种族特权，许多人选择离开，特别是前往新加坡。许多人知道，新加坡曾是马来西亚的一个州，但拥有以华人占多数的族群。因为马来西亚政府和新加坡州政府在推行马来中心政策上分歧，新加坡被驱逐出马来西亚。今天，新加坡已经远远超越了马来西亚，成为世界上最富有的国家之一。问问自己，为什么新加坡在没有土地和自然资源的情况下，而且是华人占多数（实际上是“前马来西亚人”）的国家，能发展得比拥有大量自然资源的马来西亚更快、更好
这主要是因为马来西亚压制了自己近一半的非马来族群。另一个因素是马来西亚的腐败和裙带关系。许多大型企业被政府领导人的亲信掌控，几乎形成了垄断。他们的盈利模式是提供低竞争力的产品和服务，但利用政府政策排除本地竞争，甚至外国竞争。因此，你得到了大量肥胖的公司，管理层和员工知道他们可以凭借政府的庇护，提供劣质的产品和服务，因为有固定的本地市场。如果他们在没有政府帮助的情况下，甚至无法在本国市场与外国公司竞争，那么他们又怎么能在海外市场上与外国公司竞争呢？举两个例子：马航（国家航空公司）和宝腾（国家汽车制造商）。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
it is a tall order with the emphasis on religion and race.
这是一个艰巨的任务，尤其是在宗教和种族问题上的强调。
Any country that is so highly religious it's always the ultimate cause of being not competitive in this world.
任何一个过于宗教化的国家，最终都会导致其在全球竞争中处于劣势。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
I am Vietnamese, I think Malaysia will be the next country in Southeast Asia to escape the middle income trap. Their internal government functions better than the Philippines when the country has too much inequality between rich and poor, and they exploit their strategic geographical location more effectively than Thailand when this country plans a canal project for more than 250 years but it is only on paper. And their economic activities are not as rigid as Indonesia when the country requires too much investment capital from Apple and they unilaterally block Chinese e-commerce sites in a non-market way. Their human development index is better than Vietnam, when my country's labor productivity is still low and they are not self-sufficient in high-tech industries such as semiconductors, and they are not dependent on another large country like Cambodia, when the country only knows how to rely on neighboring countries to survive. Malaysia is the most multi-ethnic country in Southeast Asia, but they are not divided into ethnic groups like Myanmar when a country has many problems to become an independent country.
我是越南人，我认为马来西亚将是东南亚下一个突破中等收入陷阱的国家。它的政府运作比菲律宾更好，菲律宾贫富差距过大；它比泰国更有效地利用其战略地理位置，而泰国计划修建运河已超过250年，却始终停留在纸面上；它的经济活动没有像印度尼西亚那样过于僵化，印度尼西亚要求苹果公司投入大量资金，且以非市场方式单方面封锁中国电商网站；它的人类发展指数高于越南，我国的劳动生产率仍然较低，且在半导体等高科技产业上没有自给自足；与依赖邻国生存的柬埔寨不同，马来西亚并不依赖另一个大国。马来西亚是东南亚最多民族的国家，但它不像缅甸那样在民族问题上分裂，缅甸面临许多问题，成为一个独立国家的道路艰难。
growing islamic extremism is one of the main reasons
日益增长的伊斯兰极端主义是主要原因之一。