印度网友：不要老想着和中国比了，我最近去了趟雅加达，基础设施之先进让我大吃一惊，也许我们应该先赶上印尼。
Why is India falling behind?
译文简介
我最近去了趟雅加达，他们的基础设施之先进让我大吃一惊。
正文翻译
Why is India falling behind?
印度为何落后？
印度为何落后？
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Someone in Jakarta suggested I visit Manila in the Philippines, which is also quite similar. At first, I didn’t believe it, but after watching some videos online, it looks like Manila might be even better. You can see for yourself by searching "Driving in Jakarta" or "Driving in Manila" on YouTube.
I’m wondering why Indian cities are so far behind. Even Mumbai doesn’t compare well. The only time I feel Mumbai is world-class is when I'm on the sea lix and see the skyline. But once I step into land, it feels old and messy.
Why isn’t the government doing more to improve our cities? Do we not care about making our lives better? Or are we just convinced we’re already doing well and don’t need to improve further?
我最近去了趟雅加达，他们的基础设施之先进让我大吃一惊。我认为印度没有哪个城市能达到这样的水平。我们老是说要追赶中国，但也许我们应该首先努力赶上印尼。
雅加达有人建议我去菲律宾的马尼拉看看，那里也很相似。起初，我并不相信，但在网上看了一些视频后，我觉得马尼拉可能更棒。你可以在 YouTube 上搜索 “雅加达自驾游”或“马尼拉自驾游”来一探究竟。
我很奇怪为什么印度的城市会落后这么多。就连孟买也比不上。我唯一一次觉得孟买是世界级的，是当我在海边看到天际线的时候。但是，一旦我踏上陆地，就会觉得它又老又乱。
为什么政府不采取更多措施来改善我们的城市？难道我们不关心如何让我们的生活更美好吗？还是我们只是认为自己已经做得很好，不需要进一步改善？
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Improving cities requires good old urban planning, civic engineering and maintainability, none of which mints as much money as new buildings, new highways.
改善城市需要良好的城市规划、市政工程和可维护性，而这些都没有新建筑和新高速公路那么赚钱。
And maintainability also require some civic sense from public which is wuite uncommon in india
可维护性还需要公众具有一定的公民意识，这在印度并不常见
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Nothing to maintain. Potholes from day one. Newly built bridges collapsing. The issue is Indians are too corrupt and don’t have any morals.
无需维护。路从建好的第一天起就坑坑洼洼。新建的桥梁不断倒塌。问题在于印度人太腐败，没有道德。
The construction of British-era structures in Mumbai differs significantly from modern buildings
孟买在英国时代的建筑与现代建筑大相径庭
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British structures had to be strong because they were built with the purpose of transporting resources out of the country as much as possible.
英国的建筑必须坚固，因为建造这些建筑的目的是尽可能多地将资源运出国外。
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British structures are strong because they wanted it to be strong. When they built it they built it for their own good. Our contractors don't build it for the people. They build it to make money. And more than 50% of project cost goes to politicians and officials for passing the tender and the bill. So contractor has to take his margin from what is left so he cannot use quality/adequate materials for building.
英国的建筑之所以坚固，是因为他们希望它坚固。他们建造建筑是为了他们自己的利益。我们的承包商不是为了人民而建。他们建造是为了赚钱。超过 50%的工程造价都要交给政客和官员，以通过招标和账单。因此，承包商必须从剩下的工程款中提取利润，这样他就无法使用优质/适当的材料进行施工。
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our citizens are corrupt too
我们的公民也腐败
Corruption and indifference is a big issue in India. Newly built infrastructure falling apart, leaking or collapsing is a norm in India. Structures built by ancient builders last longer than ones built by modern builders.
腐败和冷漠是印度的一个大问题。新建的基础设施分崩离析、漏水或坍塌在印度司空见惯。古代建筑工人建造的建筑比现代建筑工人建造的建筑寿命更长。
I'm not sure if that is the problem
After minting so many civil engineers,(10x more than the demand),there must be some of them that are good. Maybe the same can be said for urban planning.
I didn't take civil,but I graduated from a normal local engg college,while most civil engg guys had no interest in it, there certainly were few that knew their stuff.
If you included all the college's from India , I don't think lack of good man power is that much of a problem here - at least when you compare it to other 3rd world countries (Yeah of course we'll be worse than US or China)
I think it's the beaurocracy and corruption, basically
When every project to build a rail or expand the road is put up it's met by protests of how it's crossing on some sacred tree of xxx tribe and they have to change the whole project.You think a country like China would allow this to hamper their plans
Not to mention after a project does get commissioned,half of the funding is lost through corruption,meaning the people actually doing the project have to cut corners like hell.
我不确定这是否是问题所在
我们培养了这么多土木工程师（比需求量多 10 倍），其中肯定有一些是好手。也许城市规划也是如此。
我没有学过土木工程，但我毕业于当地一所普通的工程学院，虽然大多数土木工程专业的学生都对土木工程不感兴趣，但懂行的人肯定不在少数。
如果你把印度所有的大学都算在内，我不认为缺乏优秀人才是个大问题--至少与其他第三世界国家相比是这样（当然，我们会比美国或中国差）。
我认为主要是官僚主义和腐败。
每当提出修建铁路或扩建公路的项目时，都会遭到抗议，说这穿过了 XXX 部落的神树，他们不得不改变整个项目。
更不用说在项目投入建造后，一半的资金会因腐败而流失，这意味着实际操作项目的人不得不拼命偷工减料。
Because we have a superiority complex we cannot get rid of. To do better, you need to admit first that you have a problem. We rank below average on almost every important index, be it gender inequality or hunger, yet we've the attitude and arrogance of the rich hot girl who tops the college and is an all rounder in co curricular activities too.
因为我们有一种无法摆脱的优越感。要想做得更好，首先要承认自己有问题。我们几乎在所有重要指标上都低于平均水平，无论是性别不平等还是饥饿问题，但我们的态度和傲慢却不亚于那些在大学里成绩名列前茅、在课外活动中也是全能选手的富家辣妹。
I am a double majors in Human Psychology and Psychiatry. There is no such concept or syndrome of “superiority complex”.
The correct term is “inferiority complex”. Due to humans thinking they are inferior to other humans and not equal to them, they have to “show off” as “superior”.
The caste system, systemic inequalities and racism lead to “inferiority complex” which then lead to that group of people to show off.
A similar example is African Americans and their flashy jewellery and cars in rap songs.
So in short India has an “inferiority complex” issue due to which we have to show off we are better than the other due to which our shortcomings go in the blind spot. From here on it’s a vicious circle.
The root cause of corruption is also this. Because people associate being superior with Wealth and to achieve Wealth fast they will obtain it with ill-gotten and illegal means.
Any references of “superiority complex” online or otherwise are wrong.
I am happy to be corrected if you feel what I said here is wrong
我主修人类心理学和精神病学两个专业。没有“优越感”这个概念或综合症。
正确的说法是“自卑情结”。由于一些人认为自己不如其他人，与他们不平等，所以他们必须“炫耀”自己“高人一等”。
种姓制度、系统性不平等和种族主义导致了“自卑情结”，进而导致这群人炫耀自己。
类似的例子还有非裔美国人和他们在说唱歌曲中炫耀珠宝和豪车。
因此，简而言之，印度有一个“自卑情结”问题，由于这个问题，我们必须炫耀自己比别人强，而我们的缺点却成了盲点。从此，这成为了一个恶性循环。
腐败的根源也在于此。因为人们将优越感与财富联系在一起，为了快速获得财富，他们会通过不正当的非法手段获取财富。
在网上或其他地方提到的“优越感”都是错误的。
如果你认为我在这里所说的是错误的，我很乐意接受指正。
I think it's apathy for broken things. It's a common global interpretation of India by critical thinkers.
我认为这是对不好的事情的冷漠。这是全球批判性思想家对印度的普遍解读。
That’s a good observation you make. Let’s unpack this though. The apathy is not for broken things it’s a general apathy. Apathy means a lack of interest. Why would someone show a lack of interest / concern to other people or things ?
They will show a lack of interest if they perceive other humans as lesser beings to themselves which stems from “inferiority complex”
The systematic inequalities from centuries is the root cause of this inferiority complex.
We are being handed generation over generation that a sweeper’s / cleaner’s work is the lowest work, no one should do it. We look down at them. Even if they live in a shanty town we just drive by. We think they deserve this.
As soon as we start viewing everyone as equal, all this goes away. The root cause is inferiority complex arising out of centuries of inequality.
The only solution - revamp the education system start imbibing these values from school.
However at some stage the revamp is impossible because we ourselves don’t want the sweepers to eat at the same table as us..
In short the country is already past the point of no return unless a top to bottom revolution happens!
你的看法不错。不过，让我们来分析一下。冷漠不是对不好的事情的冷漠，而是一种普遍的冷漠。冷漠意味着缺乏兴趣。为什么一个人会对其他人或事物缺乏兴趣/关注呢？
如果他们认为其他人不如自己，他们就会表现出缺乏兴趣，这源于“自卑感”。
几个世纪以来的系统性不平等是这种自卑感的根源。
一代又一代的人告诉我们，清洁工的工作是最低贱的工作，没有人应该去做。我们看不起他们。即使他们住在棚户区，我们也只是开车路过。我们认为这是他们应得的。
只要我们开始平等地看待每一个人，这一切都会消失。根本原因是几个世纪的不平等造成的自卑心理。
唯一的解决办法就是改革教育系统，从学校开始灌输这些价值观。
然而，在某些阶段，改革是不可能的，因为我们自己也不希望扫地的人和我们同桌吃饭。
总之，除非从上到下进行一场革命，否则这个国家已经到了无法挽回的地步！
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I think these complexes are relative rather than absolute. Indians feel inferior to most other nationals and at the same time have that superior feeling when it comes to other Indians.
We go to Canada and fight with other Indians who reside in Canada. We dont fight the actual Canadians. We go to Australia and beat up other Indians and Pakistanis. Not Australians.
And on an additional note. Weather plays a big role. If you look at most developed countries (which are not oil made) has a comparably cooler to warm. India is like a giant microwave oven. It affects people's mood, life and even health. There are scientific studies which says that anything above 30 degree is not really a comfortable environment for productivity.
我认为这些情结是相对的，而不是绝对的。印度人觉得自己不如大多数其他国家的国民，但同时在面对其他印度人时又有优越感。
我们去加拿大，与居住在加拿大的其他印度人打仗。我们不和真正的加拿大人打架。我们去澳大利亚打其他印度人和巴基斯坦人。而不是澳大利亚人。
还有一点。天气起了很大作用。如果你看看大多数发达国家（不是石油制造的国家），它们的气候从凉爽到温暖都很均衡。印度就像一个巨大的微波炉。它影响着人们的心情、生活甚至健康。有科学研究表明，超过 30 度的温度对工作效率来说并不是一个真正舒适的环境。
This is the biggest problem, especially in the past 10 or so years. Indians now think they are the best while we remain shockingly behind in almost every field. There is no desire to change or improve. If I tell anyone how X or Y os better in Germany, they will start putting down Germany instead of actually looking at the information.
这是最大的问题，尤其是在过去 10 多年里。印度人现在认为他们是最棒的，而我们几乎在每个领域都落后得令人震惊。我们没有改变或改进的意愿。如果我告诉别人德国的 X 或 Y 如何做得更好，他们就会开始贬低德国，而不是真正去了解这些信息。
even Cambodia which is supposed to be a "poor" country looks much better with better driving sense and cleaner.
即使是柬埔寨这个被认为是“贫穷”的国家也看起来好多了，驾驶的感觉更好，更干净。
5-10% yoy inflation. Do you see the public infrastructure improving by that much yoy?
Ambani adani soon to be among the top 3 richest people. Has your earning grown manifold in these years like their earnings?
Tax income for the government is the highest ever. Do you see any amenities trickle down?
All the growth you have seen in recent years is due to increased consumption and cheap overworked labour like gig workers. Public is a commodity in India, not a beneficiary and never will be.
年通胀率为 5-10%。你认为公共基础设施会有这么大的改善吗？
安巴尼-阿达尼即将跻身最富有的前三名。这些年你的收入是否也像他们一样成倍增长？
政府的税收收入是印度有史以来最高的。你能看到任何便利设施的涓滴效应吗？
你近年来看到的所有增长都是由于消费增长和像“临时工”这样过度劳累的廉价劳动力造成的。在印度，公众是一种商品，而不是受益者，而且永远不会是。
The point regarding Ambani and Adani's wealth growth to ours is really interesting. Never thought about it that way. It’s also crazy to think about how people will celebrate their rise to the top of the wealth list, while not seeing their own wealth increase in years.
安巴尼和阿达尼的财富增长与我们的财富增长相比，这一点真的很有趣。我从来没有这样想过。想想人们是如何庆祝他们跃居财富榜首，而自己的财富却多年未见增长的，这也太疯狂了。
Corruption.
Most of our people are scammers, cheaters and money grubbers. It's encouraged a lot in society. Do not expect the judiciary, bureaucrats and government to be any different from the people.
腐败。
我们的大多数人都是骗子、欺诈犯和拜金主义者。这在社会上大行其道。不要指望司法部门、官僚和政府会与人民有什么不同。
Southeast asean countries have much better city infra as compared to indian cities. Dont just think about china which we cant even match them.
与印度城市相比，东南亚国家的城市基础设施都要好得多。不要只想着中国了，我们甚至不配跟他们一桌。
The municipal corporation in India is there for corruption only. They know how to fill their pockets with the funds they receive. On the contrary, look at Aerocity and Cyber City in Gurgaon, these are not built and maintained by the municipal corporation and hence are first-world infrastructure. Even If there is corruption in privatization, they are still better at doing the job than government entities.
Government bodies such as Municipalities are filled with mediocre people, with less to no skills. They know how to take bribes and do nothing.
No politician ( Modi or Rahul Gandhi) cares about such things. They crave power and do religion, caste, etc. for their vote banks. All their policies are for politics and how to win the next term. If there is a rape in the country, the first thing Congress/bjp will look at is which state, then done by which religion, then caste, then if the rapist is one of their workers or not.
We need a visionary leader who won't care about winning the next term. Alone visionary leaders won't help we also need most of his/her ministers in the cabinet to be aware of the ground reality. Sadly INDIA hasn't produced a single LEE KUAN YEW.
印度的市政公司只为腐败而存在。他们知道如何用收到的资金填满自己的腰包。相反，看看古尔冈的航空城和数码城，这些都不是市政公司建造和维护的，因此是第一世界的基础设施。即使在私有化过程中存在腐败问题，它们仍然比政府机构更能胜任工作。
市政府等政府机构中充斥着平庸之辈，他们几乎没有任何技能。他们只知道收受贿赂，却什么也不做。
没有哪个政治家（莫迪或拉胡尔·甘地）关心这些事情。他们渴望权力，为了选票而玩弄宗教、种姓等。他们的所有政策都是为了政治和如何赢得下一个任期。如果国家发生强奸案，国大党/人民党首先关注的是哪个州，然后是哪个宗教，再然后是种姓，最后是强奸犯是否是他们的工作人员之一。
我们需要一个有远见的领导者，他不会在意赢得下一个任期。仅仅有远见的领导者是不够的，我们还需要他/她的内阁中大多数部长了解现实情况。可悲的是，印度没有培养出一个李光耀。
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This is the biggest mistake we Indians are doing collectively. Instead of taking matters into our own hands and doing something together, we always look for a "Messiah" to come up and change everything from scratch. We do not need a "Leader" who will come and will improve each and everything for the nation, it's just a fantasy sold to us via the entertainment world.
这是我们印度人共同犯下的最大错误。我们总是期待一个“救世主”出现，从头开始改变印度的一切，而不是自己采取行动，共同做点什么。我们并不需要一个“领袖”来改善国家的每一件事，这只是娱乐世界向我们出售的幻想。
Many say that we can't expect saviours, India is a democracy.
But the reality is that democracy of India has been taken away by religious people on the streets.
All they care about is free gifts and more beautiful temples.
They have the numbers.
That's how democracy works.
You cannt change them.
很多人说，我们不能指望救世主，印度是一个民主国家。
但现实是，印度的民主已经被街头的宗教人士夺走。
他们只关心免费的礼物和更多漂亮的寺庙。
他们有人数优势
这就是民主的运作方式。
你无法改变他们。
Cyber city in Gurgaon is a 125 acres business complex. It’s literally a mall expanded horizontally. It’s not a city it’s barely a bloc.
Step 50 meters outside cyber ‘city’ and you will see the lack of planning in roads, traffic and parking.
“赛博城市”古尔冈是一个占地 125 英亩的商业综合体。它实际上是一个横向扩展的购物中心。它不是一个城市，几乎只能算是一个街区。
走出这个“赛博城市”50米，你会看到道路、交通和停车方面多么缺乏规划。
I felt the same way after a trip to Vietnam. Our main problem is that we have accepted many problems as being unsolvable.
去越南旅行后我也有同样的感觉。我们的主要问题是我们已经接受了许多问题是无法解决的。
Same feeling driving around Thailand. Fucking cleaner than I expected. Thailand respects its tourist spots and it's national treasures. Has great infrastructure even outside Bangkok. I drove over 1000kms and honestly faced maybe 2km of bad stretch of roads and maybe 5 potholes in 7 days of driving.
在泰国开车也有同样的感觉。比我想象的要干净得多。泰国尊重其旅游景点和国宝。即使在曼谷以外的地方，基础设施也非常完善。我开车行驶了 1000 多公里，说实话，在 7 天的驾驶中，我只遇到了 2 公里的烂路和 5 个坑。
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I visited Delhi a week ago and hands down its the ugliest city I have ever been to.
If the national capital is like this, we really have a long way to make any meaningful progress.
一周前我去了趟德里，毫无疑问这是我去过的最丑陋的城市。
如果国家首都都是这样的话，我们要取得任何有意义的进展，真的还有很长的路要走。
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