英国的酒吧花园和户外餐厅可能将禁止吸烟
Smoking could be banned in UK’s pub gardens and outdoor restaurants
译文简介
“按照这个逻辑，也许你也应该戒酒？”——《卫报》报道。
正文翻译
Smoking could be banned in UK’s pub gardens and outdoor restaurants
-Leaked Whitehall documents reveal plans to extend indoor smoking ban to certain outside spaces, such as pub gardens
英国的酒吧花园和户外餐厅可能将禁止吸烟
——泄露的白厅文件显示，英国计划将室内禁烟扩大到某些室外空间，比如酒吧花园
-Leaked Whitehall documents reveal plans to extend indoor smoking ban to certain outside spaces, such as pub gardens
英国的酒吧花园和户外餐厅可能将禁止吸烟
——泄露的白厅文件显示，英国计划将室内禁烟扩大到某些室外空间，比如酒吧花园
(Labour is considering tighter restrictions on smokers in a tougher version of the previous government’s tobacco and vapes bill.)
（工党正在考虑在上届政府的烟草和电子烟法案的更严格版本中对吸烟者进行更严格的限制。）
新闻：
Keir Starmer has not ruled out the idea of smoking being banned in some outdoor spaces, including pub gardens and outside restaurants, as ministers consider fresh tobacco curbs that hospitality groups say could adversely affect the sector.
英国首相凯尔·斯塔默并未排除在一些户外场所禁止吸烟的想法，包括酒吧花园和餐厅户外。目前，大臣们正在考虑新的烟草限制措施，酒店集团称这可能对该行业产生不利影响。
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英国首相凯尔·斯塔默并未排除在一些户外场所禁止吸烟的想法，包括酒吧花园和餐厅户外。目前，大臣们正在考虑新的烟草限制措施，酒店集团称这可能对该行业产生不利影响。
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It is understood Downing Street is in favour of a series of measures outlined in documents connected to the planned wider tobacco and vapes bill, details of which were seen by the Sun.
据了解，唐宁街支持计划中的更广泛的烟草和电子烟法案相关的文件中概述的一系列措施，《太阳报》看到了这些措施的细节。
据了解，唐宁街支持计划中的更广泛的烟草和电子烟法案相关的文件中概述的一系列措施，《太阳报》看到了这些措施的细节。
The bill would gradually make all smoking illegal by prohibiting the sale of tobacco to people born on or after January 2009, an idea first proposed in the UK by Rishi Sunak’s government, and taken on by Labour.
该法案将通过禁止向2009年1月或之后出生的人出售烟草，逐步将所有吸烟行为视为非法，这一想法最初是由英国首相理希·苏纳克政府提出的，后来被工党采纳。
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该法案将通过禁止向2009年1月或之后出生的人出售烟草，逐步将所有吸烟行为视为非法，这一想法最初是由英国首相理希·苏纳克政府提出的，后来被工党采纳。
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According to the Sun, it would also impose new restrictions on outdoor smoking, including outdoor spaces at, and pavements outside, clubs and restaurants, as well as at universities, children’s play areas and small parks.
据《太阳报》报道，它还将对室外吸烟实施新的限制，包括在室外空间、室外人行道、俱乐部和餐馆，以及在大学、儿童游乐区和小型公园。
据《太阳报》报道，它还将对室外吸烟实施新的限制，包括在室外空间、室外人行道、俱乐部和餐馆，以及在大学、儿童游乐区和小型公园。
Ministers could target vapers as well as shisha bars, it said. The restrictions would not cover private homes or large open spaces, such as parks, or streets.
报告称，大臣们可以把电子烟和水烟酒吧作为打击目标。这些限制并不包括私人住宅或公园或街道等大型开放空间。
报告称，大臣们可以把电子烟和水烟酒吧作为打击目标。这些限制并不包括私人住宅或公园或街道等大型开放空间。
As public health is devolved, the measures would apply to only England, with the other UK nations deciding if they wanted to follow suit.
随着公共卫生的权力下放，这些措施将只适用于英格兰，其他英国国家将决定是否效仿。
随着公共卫生的权力下放，这些措施将只适用于英格兰，其他英国国家将决定是否效仿。
Asked about the report during a visit to Paris, Starmer did not deny the plans. “My starting point on this is to remind everybody that over 80,000 people lose their lives every year because of smoking,” he said.
在访问巴黎期间被问及该报告时，斯塔默没有否认这些计划。他说：“我的出发点是提醒大家，每年有超过8万人因吸烟而丧生。”
在访问巴黎期间被问及该报告时，斯塔默没有否认这些计划。他说：“我的出发点是提醒大家，每年有超过8万人因吸烟而丧生。”
“That is a preventable death, it’s a huge burden on the NHS and, of course, it is a burden on the taxpayer. So, yes, we are going to take decisions in this space, more details will be revealed, but this is a preventable series of deaths and we’ve got to take action to reduce the burden on the NHS and the taxpayer.”
“这是一种可以预防的死亡，这是国家医疗体系的巨大负担，当然也是纳税人的负担。所以，是的，我们将在这个领域做出决定，更多细节将被披露，但这是一系列可以预防的死亡，我们必须采取行动减轻国家医疗体系和纳税人的负担。”
“这是一种可以预防的死亡，这是国家医疗体系的巨大负担，当然也是纳税人的负担。所以，是的，我们将在这个领域做出决定，更多细节将被披露，但这是一系列可以预防的死亡，我们必须采取行动减轻国家医疗体系和纳税人的负担。”
The prime minister added: “It is important to get the balance right, but everybody … who uses the NHS will know that it’s on its knees.”
首相补充说：“保持平衡很重要，但每个使用国家医疗体系的人都知道，它已经崩溃了。”
首相补充说：“保持平衡很重要，但每个使用国家医疗体系的人都知道，它已经崩溃了。”
While precise plans for the curbs are likely to change after consultations, it is understood that ministers are in favour of many of the suggested ideas to limit outdoor smoking.
虽然具体的禁烟计划可能会在协商后改变，但据了解，大臣们赞成许多限制户外吸烟的建议。
虽然具体的禁烟计划可能会在协商后改变，但据了解，大臣们赞成许多限制户外吸烟的建议。
Last month’s king’s speech, which set out the tobacco and vapes bill, detailed the gradual age ban but made no mention of an outdoor ban.
上个月，国王在演讲中提出了烟草和电子烟法案，详细介绍了逐步禁止年龄，但没有提到户外禁令。
上个月，国王在演讲中提出了烟草和电子烟法案，详细介绍了逐步禁止年龄，但没有提到户外禁令。
While health experts backed the proposals, the hospitality industry said it could particularly affect pubs, and anti-smoking groups said it was important to allow some outdoor spaces for smoking, so people did not simply smoke at home, which creates even more adverse health effects.
虽然健康专家支持这项提议，但酒店业表示，这对酒吧的影响尤其大，反吸烟组织表示，允许一些室外空间吸烟很重要，这样人们就不会只是在家里吸烟，那样会对健康产生更多的不利影响。
虽然健康专家支持这项提议，但酒店业表示，这对酒吧的影响尤其大，反吸烟组织表示，允许一些室外空间吸烟很重要，这样人们就不会只是在家里吸烟，那样会对健康产生更多的不利影响。
Dr Layla McCay, the director of policy at the NHS Confederation, said she was “heartened” to see progress being made on abolishing smoking.
蕾拉·麦凯博士是英国国民保健服务联盟的政策主管，她说看到在废除吸烟方面取得的进展，她感到“振奋”。
蕾拉·麦凯博士是英国国民保健服务联盟的政策主管，她说看到在废除吸烟方面取得的进展，她感到“振奋”。
She told BBC Radio 4’s Today programme: “It is absolutely the health challenge of our time. It’s the leading cause of preventable illness in the UK, so we are heartened to see that progress is being made and that the intention is moving forward to really address one of Britain’s main drivers of health inequalities.”
她在BBC广播4频道的《今日》节目中说：“这绝对是我们这个时代的健康挑战。这是英国可预防疾病的主要原因，所以我们很高兴看到正在取得进展，我们的目的是真正解决英国健康不平等的主要驱动因素之一。”
她在BBC广播4频道的《今日》节目中说：“这绝对是我们这个时代的健康挑战。这是英国可预防疾病的主要原因，所以我们很高兴看到正在取得进展，我们的目的是真正解决英国健康不平等的主要驱动因素之一。”
Kate Nicholls, the chief executive of UKHospitality, which represents thousands of pubs, restaurants and cafes, said a ban raised the prospect of “serious economic harm” to venues.
代表数千家酒吧、餐馆和咖啡馆的UKHospitality首席执行官凯特·尼科尔斯表示，这项禁令可能会对酒吧造成“严重的经济损害”。
代表数千家酒吧、餐馆和咖啡馆的UKHospitality首席执行官凯特·尼科尔斯表示，这项禁令可能会对酒吧造成“严重的经济损害”。
“You only have to look back to the significant pub closures we saw after the indoor smoking ban to see the potential impact it could have,” she said. Nicholls called on the government to hold a “detailed conversation” with affected parties on the impact of such a ban before any legislation was put in place.
她说：“你只需要回顾一下室内禁烟后酒吧倒闭的情况，就能看到它可能产生的潜在影响。”尼科尔斯呼吁政府在立法之前与受影响的各方就此类禁令的影响进行“详细对话”。
她说：“你只需要回顾一下室内禁烟后酒吧倒闭的情况，就能看到它可能产生的潜在影响。”尼科尔斯呼吁政府在立法之前与受影响的各方就此类禁令的影响进行“详细对话”。
William Lees-Jones, the head of JW Lees brewery, which owns and operates 150 pubs, inns and hotels mainly in north-west England and north Wales, said the idea was a “bolt from the blue” that had not been discussed with industry. He said it would be “really bad for business” and could “shut a lot of pubs”.
JW Lees啤酒厂的负责人威廉·里斯-琼斯表示，这个想法是“晴天霹雳”，没有与业界讨论过。该啤酒厂拥有并经营着150家酒吧、小旅馆和酒店，主要分布在英格兰西北部和威尔士北部。他说，这将“对生意非常不利”，可能会“关闭很多酒吧”。
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JW Lees啤酒厂的负责人威廉·里斯-琼斯表示，这个想法是“晴天霹雳”，没有与业界讨论过。该啤酒厂拥有并经营着150家酒吧、小旅馆和酒店，主要分布在英格兰西北部和威尔士北部。他说，这将“对生意非常不利”，可能会“关闭很多酒吧”。
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“People who smoke are pretty determined and will walk 10 yards down the road and smoke there, which will annoy other people,” he added.
他补充说：“吸烟的人非常坚定，他们会沿着这条路走10码，然后在那里吸烟，这会惹恼其他人。”
他补充说：“吸烟的人非常坚定，他们会沿着这条路走10码，然后在那里吸烟，这会惹恼其他人。”
However, Tim Martin, the boss of JD Wetherspoon, said he did not think a ban would have a “big effect” on business: “The question is whether the government should interfere in individual liberties, where danger is involved.”
然而，JD Wetherspoon的老板蒂姆·马丁表示，他认为禁令不会对商业产生“大影响”：“问题是政府是否应该干预个人自由，因为这涉及到危险。”
然而，JD Wetherspoon的老板蒂姆·马丁表示，他认为禁令不会对商业产生“大影响”：“问题是政府是否应该干预个人自由，因为这涉及到危险。”
A spokesperson for the Department of Health and Social Care said: “We do not comment on leaks. Smoking claims 80,000 lives a year, puts huge pressure on our NHS, and costs taxpayers billions. We are determined to protect children and non-smokers from the harms of secondhand smoking. We’re considering a range of measures to finally make Britain smoke-free.”
英国卫生和社会保障部的一位发言人说：“我们不对泄露的消息发表评论。吸烟每年夺去8万人的生命，给我们的国家医疗体系带来巨大压力，并花费纳税人数十亿美元。我们决心保护儿童和非吸烟者免受二手烟的危害。我们正在考虑采取一系列措施，最终使英国实现无烟。”
英国卫生和社会保障部的一位发言人说：“我们不对泄露的消息发表评论。吸烟每年夺去8万人的生命，给我们的国家医疗体系带来巨大压力，并花费纳税人数十亿美元。我们决心保护儿童和非吸烟者免受二手烟的危害。我们正在考虑采取一系列措施，最终使英国实现无烟。”
In 2007, under the Labour government, smoking in enclosed public places and workplaces was made illegal across the UK.
2007年，在工党政府的领导下，在封闭的公共场所和工作场所吸烟在英国被定为非法。
2007年，在工党政府的领导下，在封闭的公共场所和工作场所吸烟在英国被定为非法。
According to the charity Action on Smoking (Ash), in the year after the introduction of smoke-free laws there was a 2.4% reduction in hospital admissions for heart attacks in England, resulting in 12,000 fewer admissions to hospitals, which saved the NHS £8.4m in a year.
根据慈善机构禁烟行动的数据，在禁烟法出台后的一年中，英格兰因心脏病发作而入院的人数减少了2.4%，入院人数减少了1.2万人，这为国家医疗体系每年节省了840万英镑。
根据慈善机构禁烟行动的数据，在禁烟法出台后的一年中，英格兰因心脏病发作而入院的人数减少了2.4%，入院人数减少了1.2万人，这为国家医疗体系每年节省了840万英镑。
In the first year after the introduction of the indoor smoking ban there was a 12.3% reduction in hospital admissions for childhood asthma, equivalent to 6,803 fewer admissions over three years.
在实施室内禁烟令后的第一年，儿童哮喘住院人数减少了12.3%，相当于三年内减少了6803人。
在实施室内禁烟令后的第一年，儿童哮喘住院人数减少了12.3%，相当于三年内减少了6803人。
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This seems impossible but having a separate outdoor area for smoking and non smoking people seems a lot easier to enforce as well as being more palatable than this.
这似乎是不可能的，但为吸烟和不吸烟的人设立一个单独的室外区域似乎更容易执行，也比这更容易接受。
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The "garden" of my local is literally an allyway with some chairs in it, dividing that could be done but even then it wouldnt make a difference.
我家附近的“花园”实际上是一个放了一些椅子的小道，可以把它们分开，但即使这样也不会有什么不同。（烟会飘散）
A lot of city pub beer gardens are like this and exist exclusively so that people can smoke. If smoking in them is banned, I've a feeling pubs will just stop offering them as beer gardens and make them de-facto public open spaces, where it'd be legal to smoke.
很多城市酒吧的啤酒花园都是这样的，专门供人们吸烟。如果禁止在里面吸烟，我有一种感觉，酒吧将不再把它们当作啤酒花园，而是把它们变成事实上的公共开放空间，在那里吸烟是合法的。
Everyone complaining about their inconvenience at smoking in pub gardens and that smokers should just quit smoking- well by that logic, maybe you should quit alcohol?
Pointless, utterly pointless policy. I can understand certain public areas but pub gardens should allow smoking. These are places that serve alcohol, the moral high ground is already lost.
每个人都在抱怨在酒吧花园里抽烟不方便，烟民应该戒烟——按照这个逻辑，也许你也应该戒酒？
无意义，毫无意义的政策。我能理解某些公共场所禁烟，但酒吧花园应该允许吸烟。这些地方供应酒精，道德制高点已经失去了。
Why is everyone acting like this is the only issue Labour are working on? I’m sure not every single Labour MP is currently working on this, it’s just one small thing in the pipeline. I’m sure they have enough MPs to also be working on the bigger issues.
As for the change itself, nothing worse than being anywhere in public and having someone nearby bellow a plume of smoke that clouds everything I can see like a fucking steam train.
为什么每个人都表现得好像这是工党唯一要解决的问题？我敢肯定不是每个工党议员目前都在做这件事，这只是一件正在筹备中的小事。我相信他们有足够的议员来处理更大的问题。
至于这个改变本身，没有什么比在公共场合有人在旁边咆哮一股烟就像一辆该死的蒸汽火车遮住了我能看到的一切更糟糕了。
I'm not a fan of being around people's smoke from cigarettes but a good amount of the time I can choose to move away from it. I agree that indoors I don't think they should allow it (only exception being if they have good secure smoke free areas for people to sit in and relax without the smoke coming through) but that's where I would draw the line. Anything more than that is too much.
我不喜欢和吸烟的人在一起，但很多时候我可以选择远离吸烟。我同意在室内禁烟，我认为他们不应该允许在室内吸烟（除非他们有很好的安全无烟区，让人们坐在那里放松，没有烟雾飘过），但这就是我的底线。再多就太过分了。
I've said this elsewhere, but I actually think there's a much simpler explanation for this than anything that might be raised. Everyone will be taking about civil liberties, the cost of healthcare, the amount of tax smokers pay, the impact of second hand smoke, the practicality of enforcement, the impact on the viability of pubs as a business, and other related issues.
But I think it'll be popular for one simple reason; people don't like the smell.
And every argument about smoking is simply window-dressing for that basic gut reaction. People don't want to smell smoke (or weed, or vapes, or any other overwhelming aroma for that matter) when they're out socialising.
我在别的地方说过，但我认为有一个更简单的解释。每个人都会谈论公民自由、医疗保健费用、吸烟者缴纳的税款、二手烟的影响、执法的实用性、对酒吧生存能力的影响以及其他相关问题。
但我认为它会受欢迎的原因很简单：人们不喜欢那种味道。
每一次关于吸烟的争论都只是对基本的本能反应的粉饰。当人们外出社交时，他们不想闻到烟味（或大麻、电子烟或任何其他强烈的气味）。
If it were just to be boiled down to that simple reason, then the solution is easy:
Smokers and people who don’t mind the smell can go to bars/pubs that choose to allow smoking outside.
People who don’t like the smell are free to go to places that don’t allow it.
如果将其归结为这个简单的原因，那么解决方案就很简单：
吸烟者和不介意气味的人可以去允许在外面吸烟的酒吧。
不喜欢这种气味的人可以自由地去不允许这种气味的地方。
But look at how much smoking rates dropped when we banned smoking in pubs/clubs. The fact is when smokers are disadvantaged and made to be more of an “out” group they tend to be more motivated to quit, which is better for everyone.
Disadvantage them as much as possible I say. I’ve lost a family member to a cancer likely helped along by her smoking and I don’t want others to suffer the same.
Sure people should be free to smoke if they really want to, but it shouldn’t be easy to do that in public places.
但看看我们在酒吧/俱乐部禁烟后吸烟率下降了多少。事实是，当吸烟者处于不利地位，并成为一个“外出”群体时，他们往往更有动力戒烟，这对每个人都更好。
尽可能地让他们处于不利地位。我失去了一位家庭成员，她患了癌症，可能是因为她吸烟，我不想让其他人也遭受同样的痛苦。
当然，如果人们真的想吸烟，他们应该有吸烟的自由，但在公共场所吸烟不应该那么容易。
I think the age increasing law will help significantly, but I think that combined with the high costs, is plenty enough.
There is a point where people just need to decide for themselves if they want to stop. And we have good support in the NHS to help quit. Vaping (though not the disposable ones) can also assist.
Beyond that, taking it to extremes is too invasive on people’s lives and freedoms. This proposed outdoor ban would be a massive step too far.
Also, I don’t see any attempts to stop people drinking alcohol and that can be just as harmful to drinkers and others around them.
我认为增加（吸烟）年龄的法律会有很大的帮助，但我认为这个政策再加上高成本，就已经足够了。
有一个点，人们只需要自己决定是否要停止。我们在国家医疗体系中得到了很好的支持，帮助我们戒烟。电子烟（尽管不是一次性的）也有帮助。
除此之外，采取极端做法对人们的生活和自由过于侵犯。这项提议的户外禁令将是走得太远的一大步。
此外，我没有看到任何阻止人们喝酒的尝试，这对饮酒者和他们周围的人都是有害的。
It's hard to say that the ban did that as the trend was falling massively anyway.
很难说禁令做到了这一点，因为这种趋势无论如何都在大幅下降。
There was a large dip in the two years before the ban, true, but it combined with other measures meant that numbers kept falling dramatically for years. Plus the perception of smoking has completely changed.
It used to be almost that smoking was "cool" and people wanted to smoke just to be in that crowd, but now it's more of a gross thing that some people have to go off to the side to indulge in. I think we should do everything we can for it to be a marginal habit.
在禁令实施前的两年里，这一数字确实出现了大幅下降，但它与其他措施相结合，意味着这一数字多年来一直在急剧下降。另外，人们对吸烟的看法已经完全改变了。
过去，吸烟几乎是一件很“酷”的事情，人们想要吸烟只是为了融入人群，但现在吸烟更像是一件恶心的事情，有些人不得不走远点放纵自己。我认为我们应该尽我们所能让它成为一个边缘习惯。
I worked in pubs for 10 years during unreconstructed smoking in bars.
It was awful. Every night I came home to my parents house with the smell of smoking not only in my nose and my clothes but also in my hair and I think nostril hairs.
I don’t like smoking, but what are we really saying- that people who are doing something that human beings have done for thousands of years can’t even do it in a garden?
Is smoking really that bad?
Also, thanks for focusing on our health in our lungs in a situation when we are outside but for fuck‘s sake the rest of the country is on fire.
Can we please prioritise?
我在酒吧工作了10年，那段时期在酒吧里抽烟是主流习惯。
太可怕了。每天晚上，我回到父母家，不仅鼻子和衣服上都有烟味，头发上也有烟味，我想鼻毛上也有。
我不喜欢吸烟，但我们真正想说的是——那些人做着人类已经做了几千年的事情，现在甚至在花园里也不能做吗？
吸烟真的那么有害吗？
还有，感谢你在我们外出的情况下关注我们肺部的健康，但是tmd，这个国家的其他地方都着火了。
我们能分清轻重缓急吗？
Governments can multi task doing this does not mean they can’t fix the rest of the countey
政府可以同时多任务处理，但这并不意味着他们不能解决这个国家的其他问题。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Thousands of years? Cigarettes as we know them today are like a couple of hundred years old and are precision engineered to be as addictive as possible in every aspect. Most associations we have with smoking were entirely contrived by cigarette makers to make them seem ubiquitous so they could keep selling them. Tobacco was largely confined to ceremonial use(where it wasn't even inhaled directly) on the American continent until the Colombian exchange and only became the all consuming habit it is today when producers started curing it to make the smoke less harsh, allowing the smoker to inhale more deeply and absorb more nicotine.
几千年？我们今天所知道的香烟有小几百年的历史，而且在各个方面都经过精密的设计，尽可能地让人上瘾。我们对吸烟的大多数联想完全是香烟制造商捏造出来的，他们让香烟看起来无处不在，这样他们就可以继续销售。在哥伦比亚交易之前，烟草在美洲大陆上主要局限于仪式使用（甚至不直接吸入），直到生产者开始将其加工以使烟雾不那么刺鼻，让吸烟者能吸入更深，吸收更多的尼古丁后，才成为了今天所有人的消费习惯。