如何提高印度女性的安全？你会如何处理强奸犯？

 Ben A. Wise
The 2012 Delhi gang rape makes my skin crawl and blood boil.
Many of my female friends who traveled in India have experienced some form of sexual harassment.
Indian women cannot travel alone safely.
This is a massive, ugly problem.
 
2012年德里公交轮奸案让我感到非常恶心和愤怒。我许多女性朋友在印度旅行时遭遇过某种形式的性骚扰。印度女性无法安全独自旅行。这是一个巨大的、丑陋的问题。
 
Suppressed Men
When I was traveling throughout India, I remember so many young men approaching me, wanting to talk. Many of them did not speak much English, but I spoke Hindi.
A lot of the time, they would steer the conversation towards sex.
“Have you had sex?” and “How many times have you had sex?” and “What’s it like to have sex?”
 
压抑的男人
当我在印度旅行时，我记得有很多年轻男人主动接近我，想要交谈。他们中的许多人英语不好，但我会说印地语。很多时候，他们会把话题引向性方面。“你有过性经历吗？”、“你有过多少次性经历？”以及“做爱是什么感觉？”
 
This was embarrassing. My private life is my private life.
Saying something like, “Try it for yourself and then you’ll see!” was obviously not appropriate, because I knew that this was not possible for them.
They could get in serious trouble if they did something like that before marriage. They could be excommunicated, thrashed, or even worse…
 
这让我感到很尴尬。这是我的私人生活。像“自己试试，你就会明白了！”这样的说法显然不合适，因为我知道这对他们来说是不可能的。他们如果在婚前做这种事可能会陷入严重麻烦。他们可能会被逐出社区、遭到殴打，甚至更糟糕的后果……
 
Background
In India, prenuptial sex is taboo in almost all circles of society. There are certain moneyed socioeconomic strata where it is not frowned upon, but these are the highly unusual exceptions to the rule.
The vast majority of people in India have to wait until they get married.
This was probably quite alright until some time ago. It was simply the way things were… you remained a virgin until you got married, and then you found an outlet for your desire with your betrothed. No one questioned that.
 
背景
在印度，婚前性行为在几乎所有社会圈层中都是禁忌。只有某些富裕的社会阶层对此不太反感，但这些是非常不寻常的例外。绝大多数印度人必须等待结婚。这种情况可能在不久前是可以接受的。那时，人们保持处女状态直到结婚，然后与未婚夫/妻寻求欲望的释放。没有人对此提出质疑。
 
The problem is that times have changed with the proliferation of extraneous media influences, not to mention Bollywood and Kollywood culture, and, of course, easy internet access—all screaming, whether directly or indirectly, sex.
You see that fine actress or actor shaking it like they’re ready to rumble, and you want some too. You see or read about people doing it online, and you want some too.
All the talks your elders give you about culture don’t change a thing.
 
问题是，随着外部媒体影响的普及，尤其是宝莱坞和考莱坞文化的影响，加上互联网的轻松访问——这些都直接或间接地充斥着性信息，时代发生了变化。你看到那位出色的演员或女演员摇摆得像是准备大干一场一样，你也会想要体验一下。你在网上看到或读到别人进行性行为的内容，你也会想要尝试。长辈们关于文化的劝诫改变不了什么。
 
Punishment?
I don’t see the solution lying in making punishments worse. I think the fast track court system for crimes like rape is good, but ultimately, increasing women’s safety in India will not come from more stringent legislation.
Why?
Because when someone is overcome by intense desire—whether murderous or licentious—they’re not thinking rationally. They’re not going through consequences and ramifications.
 
惩罚？
我认为解决方案不在于加重惩罚。我认为像针对强奸案件的快速法庭系统是好的，但最终，提高印度女性的安全不会仅仅依靠更严格的立法。
为什么？因为当有人被强烈的欲望——无论是凶杀还是淫欲——所驱动时，他们并不会理性思考，也不会考虑后果。
 
They act…
So What Then?
I like that sexuality is private in India. I remember being in Europe or the US and seeing couples practically doing it in the park, and thinking, Get a room!
I don’t think India has to become like the West. It can maintain some of its traditionalism, some of its culture.
But Indian culture has to come to terms with reality. When sexuality is suppressed, there will be explosions. Men will find outlets to their frustration, with horrifying results.
 
他们的行为……
那怎么办呢？
我喜欢印度对性行为的隐私保护。我记得在欧洲或美国的时候，看到情侣几乎在公园里做这些事，就会想，还是找个房间吧！
我不认为印度必须变得像西方那样。它可以保持一些传统主义和文化。但印度文化必须面对现实。当性行为被压抑时，会出现爆炸性的反应。男性会找到发泄挫折的方法，结果可能是可怕的。
 
Now, sexual assault is never justified. Let me be sparklingly clear about that. Never.
But the question is about how to make India safer, and as I’ve mentioned, I don’t think punishment alone will fix the problem.
Sexuality needs to be somehow normalized in India. The choice of whether to engage in premarital sex should be left to individuals. They should not be forced to repress their desires.
 
现在，性侵犯永远没有任何理由。让我非常明确这一点。绝对没有。
但问题在于如何使印度变得更安全。正如我提到的，我认为单靠惩罚无法解决这个问题。性行为在印度需要以某种方式得到正常化。是否参与婚前性行为的选择应该留给个人。他们不应该被迫压抑自己的欲望。
 
Alongside that, the attitude towards women has to change. India is a highly patriarchal society. I’ve heard so many stories of men getting drunk and beating up their wives. I’ve seen black eyes.
There needs to be a concerted effort by the government to denormalize misogyny. Famous actors and singers and other celebrities need to be recruited to spread the message that being disrespectful towards women is not cool.
This can seep into the ordinary consciousness, replacing the aggressive—and dangerous—machoism that reigns.
 
与此同时，对女性的态度也必须改变。印度是一个高度父权制的社会。我听过很多男人喝醉酒打妻子的故事，也见过黑眼圈。政府需要付出集中努力，去非正常化厌女情绪。著名演员、歌手和其他名人需要被招募来传播这样的信息：对女性不尊重是不酷的。这可以渗透到普通人的意识中，取代盛行的、侵略性强且危险的男性气概。
 
Media
Let’s go back to the movies.
These days, Bollywood movies are oozing with sexuality. It’s all about the boy getting the girl. A lot of obxtification. I don’t even watch the new films.
The problem is that these films are the bread and butter of the Indian masses. The culture presented in them needs to change. Women should be displayed as equals, not as trophies to acquire.
Again, this will replace the mindset that being obnoxious towards women, or treating them as trophies to be acquired—whether by guile or force—is okay.
 
让我们回到电影上。现在，宝莱坞电影充满了性暗示。所有的故事都是关于男孩得到女孩的，大量的物化现象。我甚至不看新片。问题在于，这些电影是印度大众的主要娱乐来源。它们呈现的文化需要改变。女性应该被展示为平等的个体，而不是可以获得的奖杯。同样，这将取代那种对女性无礼或将她们视为奖杯的心态——无论是通过狡诈还是暴力。
 
Conclusion
Keep the culture and tradition, but don’t control people. Make sex okay—make it a choice.
Teach and educate people about sexual safety, and open up the discussion. Let people make their own decisions.
Insert into mainstream culture the notion that misogyny is not cool at all. That women are equal. That they are as valuable as men. That women are life.
Find a balance between traditionalism and culture, and individual freedom and liberty.
There’s no need to glorify sex, but don’t suppress it either.
Then things will change….
 
结论
保持文化和传统，但不要控制人们。让性成为一种选择，让它变得自然。教育和宣传性安全，打开讨论的空间。让人们自己做决定。
将厌女情绪不酷的观念融入主流文化中。女性是平等的，她们和男性一样有价值。女性是生命。找到传统文化与个人自由之间的平衡。
不需要美化性，但也不要压抑它。这样，情况就会有所改变。
 
Edit: Several comments rightfully mention that there is also an element of power at play. Not only are many men repressed also in terms of class, status, caste, and social standing, but the patriarchal culture of machoism and misogyny also engenders a sense of entitlement regarding women, reducing women to lifeless obxts.
 
编辑：有些评论正确地提到，权力因素也在发挥作用。许多男性不仅在阶级、地位、种姓和社会地位方面受到压抑，而且父权制文化中的男性气概和厌女情绪还带来了对女性的特权感，将女性贬低为无生命的物体。
 
Kanthaswamy Balasubramaniam
I. First i believe it's time India has a SEPARATE LAW AGENCY to investigate Rape cases and Pocso cases
I think Local Cops or even CBI can't handle it these sensitive cases
We need Specialists trained to handle these cases with a Psychology background who can investigate such cases and bring the accused to justice
I think we need a Separate Force dedicated to investigating rape cases and crimes lixed to rapes including those of minors and children
I think they should investigate every case
I think they should also have the latest rape kits and also have their own Post Mortem Coroners who should do the PM rather than any state doctor
 
我首先认为，印度需要设立一个独立的法律机构来调查强奸案件和《保护儿童免受性侵害法》（POCSO）案件。我认为地方警察或甚至中央调查局（CBI）无法处理这些敏感案件。我们需要专门的人员，他们应接受心理学背景的培训，能够处理这些案件并将犯罪者绳之以法。我认为我们需要一个专门的力量，致力于调查强奸案件及与强奸相关的犯罪，包括未成年人和儿童的案件。
我认为他们应该调查每一个案件。他们还应该配备最新的强奸检测试剂，并拥有自己的尸检官，而不是由任何州医生进行尸检。
 
II. We need Special Courts for Sexual Crimes
It's time we have Special Courts dedicated to Sexual Crimes and Judges who don't get transferred for a minimum of 7–10 years and who can finish a trial for rape within 24 months
Judges who can sentence someone to death without needing HC approval
III. We need a separate Indian Sexual Crimes Act
We need to remove Rape from IPC (BNS) and merge Pocso with Sections 375/376 IPC into a new Act
This Act should define Rape, Classify Rape, Define Rape against Men also
This Act should punish Rapists brutally but also punish women who file fake rape cases
 
II. 我们需要专门的性犯罪法庭
我们需要设立专门处理性犯罪的法庭，并且任命的法官在至少7到10年内不得调动，并且能够在24个月内完成强奸案件的审判。这些法官能够在无需高等法院批准的情况下判处死刑。
III. 我们需要制定独立的《印度性犯罪法》
我们需要将强奸案件从《印度刑法典》（IPC）中移除，并将《保护儿童免受性侵害法》（POCSO）与IPC第375/376条合并为一部新法。这部法律应定义强奸，对强奸分类，并定义对男性的强奸。这部法律应严惩强奸犯，同时也惩罚那些提出虚假强奸案件的女性。
 
However I believe a Key element of the New Sexual Crimes Law would be
No Sexual Offence will be discussed, debated on any Media channel, Social Media Channel or Social Media Page during the time it is sub judice until a verdict is delivered
No Witness or Relative or Friend or Acquaintance of the Victim or Perpetrator may be interviewed or published in any written or visual media during the pendency of the case
The Names of the Suspect and Victim shall be withheld and protected
I think it's the only way we can streamline handling of rape cases
Faster resolution, Better investigation is possible this way with trained law enforcement agents with more experience in Psychology
 
然而，我认为新《性犯罪法》的一个关键要素是：
在案件审理期间，任何性犯罪案件不得在任何媒体频道、社交媒体平台或社交媒体页面上讨论或辩论，直至判决作出。
在案件审理期间，任何证人、受害者或施暴者的亲属、朋友或熟人不得在任何书面或视觉媒体上接受采访或发表内容。
受害者和嫌疑人的姓名应当保密和保护。
我认为，这样才能简化强奸案件的处理流程，通过拥有更多心理学经验的训练有素的执法人员，来实现更快速的解决和更好的调查。
 
Deepak Mehta
It will happen. But gradually.
Contrary to what the news media would have you believe, with each passing day, we are advancing towards a perfect society. We have become more tolerant towards other people’s choices and inclinations. Cities, towns, hamlets, and villages are becoming safer. This means hate crimes are going down. And so are vandalism, pillaging, poverty, helplessness. Crime towards women too.
 
这将会发生，但会是逐步进行的。
与新闻媒体所宣传的情况相反，随着时间的推移，我们正在迈向一个更加完美的社会。我们变得对他人的选择和倾向更加宽容。城市、乡镇、村庄变得更加安全。这意味着仇恨犯罪正在减少，破坏行为、掠夺、贫困和无助感也在减少。对女性的犯罪也是如此。
 
As we evolve, our ability to distinguish right and wrong is sharpening. We are embracing compassion, knowledge, and the scientific method, and shunning the undesirables - hatred, ignorance, apathy, and blind faith. Also, a more connected world means people can’t get away with crimes easily. And that is a big deterrent.
 
随着我们不断进化，我们区分对错的能力越来越敏锐。我们在拥抱同情、知识和科学方法的同时，抛弃了仇恨、无知、冷漠和盲目信仰。此外，世界的联系越来越紧密，这使得犯罪分子更难逃脱惩罚，这也是一个巨大的威慑因素。
 
So, the most important thing you can do to make India (and the world) safer for women (and for everyone else) is to teach your kids. Empower them by explaining to them their rights. Humble them by explaining those of others. Mold them into decent human beings. And you will witness this vile fade away too.
 
因此，为了使印度（以及全世界）对女性（和其他所有人）更加安全，最重要的事情是教育你的孩子。通过向他们解释他们的权利来赋予他们力量。通过解释他人的权利来让他们保持谦逊。将他们培养成体面的人。你会看到这些恶劣现象逐渐消退。
 
In the meantime, do your bit. If you know someone who needs help, volunteer. Correct misogyny whenever you encounter it. Stand up for the victims. Elect a worthy and capable government. Discourage sexism in books, movies, and songs. And ensure that the next generation is better than ours.
 
在此期间，请尽你的一份力量。如果你知道有人需要帮助，主动提供帮助。每当遇到厌女情绪时加以纠正。为受害者挺身而出。选举一个值得信赖和有能力的政府。抵制书籍、电影和歌曲中的性别歧视。确保下一代比我们更优秀。
 
Nimmy Sunny
Let's be honest.The safety of Indian girls / women/elder women is not as guaranteed as it was earlier. The changing social and political environment contributed to increase the risk factor. Gandhiji once said that freedom in India become real only woman could walk free during midnight. Nowadays women are unable to walk free during day time itself. Even little children are not safe from predators.
Government, of course, is concerned about the safety of women and have brought in lot of safety measures to ensure safety of women round the clock. Emergency numbers, special police response teams, complaint boxes in schools etc. have been introduced for the purpose.
 
坦率地说，印度女孩/女性/年长女性的安全保障情况不如以前。社会和政治环境的变化增加了风险因素。甘地曾说，只有当女性能在午夜自由行走时，印度的自由才算真正实现。然而，如今女性连白天也无法安全行走。连小孩子也不再免于掠夺者的威胁。
当然，政府对女性安全十分关切，并采取了许多措施来确保女性的全天候安全。例如，设立紧急电话号码、特殊警察应急小组、学校内的投诉箱等措施都已引入。
 
Sujit Sharma
Yes women are absolutely safe in India. If they want to remain safe.
India is a country where people wear decent clothes and cover their bodies in a decent manner. This means the girl is protecting herself and her dignity. This gives a very strong signal to indecent men that this girl is decent and is protecting herself. Even if this signal is in the semi conscious mind. This is very important.
 
是的，女性在印度绝对安全，只要她们想要保持安全。印度是一个人们穿着得体、以得体的方式遮掩身体的国家。这意味着女孩正在保护自己和她的尊严。这向不端的男人传达了一个强烈的信号：这个女孩很端庄，并且在保护自己。即使这个信号是在半意识状态中，这也是非常重要的。
 
On the other hand there are girls who feel they are free to wear whatever clothes they want to wear and expose most parts of their bodies. This is giving an indirect message that the girl is acting as if she needs male attention. Thus indecent men like her feel attracted towards her and go towards her.
 
另一方面，有些女孩觉得她们可以自由穿着任何衣物，暴露身体的大部分。这传达了一个间接的信号，仿佛她们需要男性的注意。因此，那些不端的男人会对她们产生吸引，并接近她们。
 
In this process RAPE happens if the men a too indecent and if the girl is not able to protect herself.
This is why we tell girls to wear decent clothes and not expose herself indecently. But girls in our cities like Mumbai and Delhi feel they are free to wear whatever they want. They can expose how much ever but men should not be attracted. This is called challenging nature.
 
在这个过程中，如果男人太不礼貌，如果女孩无法保护自己，就会发生强奸。
这就是为什么我们告诉女孩要穿得体的衣服，不要不雅地暴露自己。但是在孟买和德里这样的城市，女孩们觉得她们可以自由地穿任何她们想穿的衣服。她们可以暴露多少，但男人不应该被吸引。这叫做挑战自然。

Abhishek Bhattacharjee
This is called blaming the victim. Don't you see women in Adelaide where you live wear “revealing" clothes. Do they get raped because of that? It is only repressed Indian men who think this way and the kind of solution that you propose actually goes towards making the issue worse.
 
这叫做指责受害者。你不觉得在你生活的阿德莱德，女人穿着“暴露”的衣服吗？她们因为这样就被强奸了吗？只有那些受压抑的印度男人才会这样想，你提出的解决方案实际上会让问题变得更糟。
 
Sujit Sharma
The culture is different in Adelaide from Indore or UP. The girls and boys mix freely in western countries and start having regular sex at age 14–15. So its no big deal for men to see women dressed scantily because after 2 drinks she will go home with him anyway.
India is different where casual sex is frowned upon and if one dangles meat on front of a hungry wolf, of course he will grab it. The saying “When in Rome, do as the Romans do” is very relevant. India is not yet ready for semi clad girls in public trying to look very woke and cool. If they want to risk it, there are consequences.
 
文化在阿德莱德和印度的印度尔或北方邦确实不同。在西方国家，女孩和男孩自由交往，14至15岁时就开始有规律的性行为。因此，男人看到穿着暴露的女人并不是什么大不了的事，因为喝了几杯酒后她们还是会和他回家。
印度不同，随便的性行为是不被允许的，如果一个人把肉挂在饥饿的狼面前，他当然会抓住它。“入乡随俗”这句话很有意义。印度还没有准备好让半裸的女孩在公共场合看起来很清醒和酷。如果他们想冒险，就会有后果。
 
Abhishek Bhattacharjee
Your answer proves my point. Unless Indian men are willing to acknowledge that there is a problem in their attitudes towards women, things can never change. We have to actually learn to respect women instead of treating them as obxts to be leered at, pursued and harassed.
 
你的回答证明了我的观点。除非印度男性愿意承认他们对女性的态度存在问题，否则情况永远不会改变。我们必须真正学会尊重女性，而不是把她们当作被窥视、追求和骚扰的对象。
 
Sujit Sharma
Its not Indian men who create any attitude. Its Indian society and Indian mothers who bring up those men. If that’s how it is there, that’s how its meant to be.
 
不是印度男性创造了这些态度，而是印度社会和印度母亲养育了这些男性。如果情况是这样的，那就是注定的。
 
Abhishek Bhattacharjee
Indian men and women including mothers make up Indian society. If the members of Indian society don't realize that bringing up wolves in the guise of men is not good, we can never change for the better. Anyway, I guess neither you nor I will change our thinking based on this discussion. So, I'll say that I agree to disagree and respectfully sign off.
 
印度的男性和女性，包括母亲，组成了印度社会。如果印度社会的成员没有意识到以男人的名义抚养狼是不好的，我们永远无法变得更好。无论如何，我想我们都不会因为这次讨论而改变我们的想法。所以，我同意各自保留观点，并以尊重的态度结束对话。

Captain India
Women's safety and accessibility in Indian cities can be considerably enhanced by taking simple steps like moving a bus stop a few metres to a safer site, adding street lamps in a remote stretch, or building safe, clean, and functioning public restrooms at regular intervals.
India new safety superhero has arrived.
 
通过采取一些简单的措施，例如将公交车站移到更安全的地方、在偏僻路段增设路灯，或在定期地点建设安全、干净且正常运作的公共厕所，可以显著提高印度城市女性的安全性和便利性。印度新的安全超级英雄来了。