为什么Tiktok上那些去中国旅游的博主吃了那么多东西，没有人出现过敏？尤其是各种混合香料，不是相当危险吗？
China’s Allergy Story
译文简介
网友：乳糖不耐症
那时我刚开始工作，一个同事去美国出差，回来后跟我们说：“你们知道我其实有乳糖不耐受吗？我在美国喝了真牛奶后拉肚子很厉害，你们要试试吗？”
正文翻译
Lactose Intolerant
I had just started working at that time. A colleague went on a business trip to the United States. When he came back, he said to us, "Do you know that I am actually lactose intolerant? I had severe diarrhea after drinking real milk in the United States. Do you want to try it on you guys?"
乳糖不耐症
那时我刚开始工作，一个同事去美国出差，回来后跟我们说：“你们知道我其实有乳糖不耐受吗？我在美国喝了真牛奶后拉肚子很厉害，你们要试试吗？”
I had just started working at that time. A colleague went on a business trip to the United States. When he came back, he said to us, "Do you know that I am actually lactose intolerant? I had severe diarrhea after drinking real milk in the United States. Do you want to try it on you guys?"
乳糖不耐症
那时我刚开始工作，一个同事去美国出差，回来后跟我们说：“你们知道我其实有乳糖不耐受吗？我在美国喝了真牛奶后拉肚子很厉害，你们要试试吗？”
A few days later, he mysteriously brought back an Amazon box with an ice pack inside. He took out a large American-style box of milk and poured a glass for each of us, saying that this was the real milk he drank in the United States and asked us all to try it.
几天后，他神秘地带回来一个亚马逊盒子，里面放着一个冰袋，拿出一大盒美式牛奶，给我们每人倒了一杯，说这是他在美国喝到的真正的牛奶，让我们都尝尝。
几天后，他神秘地带回来一个亚马逊盒子，里面放着一个冰袋，拿出一大盒美式牛奶，给我们每人倒了一杯，说这是他在美国喝到的真正的牛奶，让我们都尝尝。
You know what, this is real milk... It really smells like cow. In the afternoon, everyone in the office went to the toilet together. Fortunately, our toilet is a shared one on the first floor, so it is sufficient. He smiled and said nothing: You are all actually lactose intolerant, but you just didn't know that you have been drinking fake milk?
你知道吗，这是真牛奶……真的有牛的味道。下午办公室里的人一起去厕所，幸好我们厕所是一楼公用的，所以足够用。他笑而不语：你们其实都是乳糖不耐受，只是不知道你们喝的都是假牛奶？
你知道吗，这是真牛奶……真的有牛的味道。下午办公室里的人一起去厕所，幸好我们厕所是一楼公用的，所以足够用。他笑而不语：你们其实都是乳糖不耐受，只是不知道你们喝的都是假牛奶？
But one of my colleagues thought something was wrong. He lived in the village and had a dairy cow. Last month, he went back to his hometown and had two big bowls of milk in the morning. What happened? Could it be that the breed of the cow was different? The two of them started arguing about this. The colleague who had been to the United States said that your family must have diluted the milk in advance, and the colleague who raised cows said that your milk might have gone bad after being shipped across half the world.
可是我的一个同事觉得不对劲，他家在农村，养了一头奶牛，上个月回老家，早上喝了两大碗牛奶，怎么回事？难道是牛的品种不一样？两个人为此争论起来。去过美国的同事说，你家肯定是提前稀释了牛奶，养牛的同事说，你的牛奶可能运过半个地球就坏了。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
可是我的一个同事觉得不对劲，他家在农村，养了一头奶牛，上个月回老家，早上喝了两大碗牛奶，怎么回事？难道是牛的品种不一样？两个人为此争论起来。去过美国的同事说，你家肯定是提前稀释了牛奶，养牛的同事说，你的牛奶可能运过半个地球就坏了。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Until a colleague took the box and studied it and said, "Hey, you know this is raw milk?" Then our boss shared the kettle he used to make tea, boiled the remaining box of milk, and everyone drank it. Nothing happened, and the smell of animal food was gone, it was completely the familiar milk taste...
直到有同事接过盒子研究了一下说：“哎，你知道这是生牛奶吗？”然后我们老板就把自己泡茶的水壶分享了过来，把剩下的一盒牛奶煮开，大家喝了下去。什么事都没有发生，动物饲料的味道也没了，完全是熟悉的牛奶味……
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
直到有同事接过盒子研究了一下说：“哎，你知道这是生牛奶吗？”然后我们老板就把自己泡茶的水壶分享了过来，把剩下的一盒牛奶煮开，大家喝了下去。什么事都没有发生，动物饲料的味道也没了，完全是熟悉的牛奶味……
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Peanut Allergy
Let me talk about an allergy that many people may have heard of - allergy to peanuts and peanut products. This type of allergy is quite common in Europe and America, especially the United States, and once it occurs it can be very serious. If the person around you doesn't have an epinephrine pen for first aid, the person may die. China recently opened up a 144-hour visa-free policy, and a large number of Europeans and Americans came to China for short-term tourism.
花生过敏
先说一种很多人可能听说过的过敏——花生及花生制品过敏。这种过敏在欧美，尤其是美国相当常见，而且一旦发生会非常严重。如果身边的人没有肾上腺素笔急救，人就可能丧命。中国最近开放了144小时免签政策，大量欧美人来华短期旅游。
Let me talk about an allergy that many people may have heard of - allergy to peanuts and peanut products. This type of allergy is quite common in Europe and America, especially the United States, and once it occurs it can be very serious. If the person around you doesn't have an epinephrine pen for first aid, the person may die. China recently opened up a 144-hour visa-free policy, and a large number of Europeans and Americans came to China for short-term tourism.
花生过敏
先说一种很多人可能听说过的过敏——花生及花生制品过敏。这种过敏在欧美，尤其是美国相当常见，而且一旦发生会非常严重。如果身边的人没有肾上腺素笔急救，人就可能丧命。中国最近开放了144小时免签政策，大量欧美人来华短期旅游。
As a result, many people did not realize that they had eaten peanuts until a long time after eating peanut products, because they did not experience any symptoms after eating. This is very interesting, as it means that they are most likely not allergic to peanuts, but to additives or something else. However, this allergen appears in large quantities in peanut products in Europe and the United States.
结果很多人直到吃了花生制品很久之后才意识到自己吃了花生，因为吃了之后并没有出现任何症状。这很有意思，说明他们很有可能不是对花生过敏，而是对添加剂或者别的什么东西过敏。然而，这种过敏原却大量出现在欧美的花生制品中。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
结果很多人直到吃了花生制品很久之后才意识到自己吃了花生，因为吃了之后并没有出现任何症状。这很有意思，说明他们很有可能不是对花生过敏，而是对添加剂或者别的什么东西过敏。然而，这种过敏原却大量出现在欧美的花生制品中。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
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I always say that the Chinese dream is more real than the American dream now. The American dream is like the lottery. Most people will work full time, maybe several jobs, to live in poverty. While China enjoys a modern, convenient and safe lifestyle.
我总是说，现在中国梦比美国梦更真实。美国梦就像中彩票。大多数人会全职工作，甚至多份工作，却依然生活在贫困中。而中国则享受现代、便利、安全的生活方式。
The American dream is no longer a dream, it’s now the American Nightmare, ask all the homeless on the streets of America.
美国梦不再是梦想，现在变成了美国噩梦，问问美国街头的无家可归者就知道了。
Or the average person shopping.
或者是普通购物的人。
After I lived or traveled several countries, I should say yes China now is not bad comparing to most of countries in the world.
在我生活或旅行了几个国家之后，我应该说，相比于世界上大多数国家，现在的中国并不差。
A lot of people in China work two or three jobs, have you heard of 996? It mean 9am to 9pm 6 days per week.
中国很多人做两三份工作，你听说过996吗？它意味着每天早上9点到晚上9点，每周6天。
One of my exes worked a job like that yes. Nothing that will make you rich, but a full time is enough to live. Also, as he got experience, he got better and better pay and better working conditions (like two days weekends).
Worse paid jobs like constructions or security will provide free or cheap housing in dorms and cheap food at the canteen, so that even crappy jobs let you save money or send it to your wife in another city.
Also, most jobs with long hours don't expect you to be productive all the time. Security guards at the gate of residence can have very very long shifts but can sit most of it in the small air conditioned cabin playing on their phone.
我的一个前任确实做过这样的工作。虽然不能让你变得富有，但全职工作足够维持生活。而且，随着经验的积累，他的薪水越来越高，工作条件也越来越好（比如有两天的周末）。
薪水较低的工作，如建筑工地或保安，会提供免费或便宜的宿舍和便宜的食堂餐，这样即使是糟糕的工作也能让你存钱或寄给在另一个城市的妻子。
此外，大多数长时间工作的岗位并不要求你始终保持高效。住区门口的保安可能会有非常长的班次，但大部分时间可以坐在小小的空调房间里玩手机。
有些人工作很多但赚不到钱，但公共交通便宜而方便，食物便宜，公共事业费用低，还有医疗保健和退休养老金。因此，中国的穷人过得比美国的穷人好，因为美国没有社会保障网，所有东西都过于昂贵（交通，大多数是个人交通，公用事业，租房，医疗保健……）。
其中一部分原因是中国正在变得更加富裕，而美国正在崩溃，但另一部分原因也是社会主义国家与资本主义地狱的对比。
Copied from Silicon Valley
从硅谷复制过来的
Except for the government
除了政府
Seriously, that's not fake milk
That's cooked milk.
Like the UHT stuff.
说真的，那不是假奶
那是熟奶。
就像UHT（超高温处理）奶一样。
Most milks around the world are pasteurised. It is not necessarily UHT (Ultra High Temperature).
There is the milk shelf life that indicates whether it is UHT or simply produced in pristine clean and sterile environment. UHT can last for 6 months or even a year, it is usually canned or in carton boxes.
世界上大多数牛奶都是巴氏消毒的。它不一定是UHT（超高温处理）。
牛奶的保质期表明它是否是UHT处理的，或者仅仅是在洁净和无菌的环境中生产的。UHT牛奶可以保存6个月甚至一年，通常是罐装或纸盒包装。
Raw milk smells like the animal indeed, I also drank that in a farm, I got a nauseating experience easily because of the lingering smell, not necessarily lactose intolerance.
新鲜的巴氏消毒牛奶则是纸盒或塑料瓶装——它们的保质期为1周到1个月——超过这个时间是不可能的。
生奶确实有动物的气味，我在农场喝过生奶，由于余味难闻，我很容易感到恶心，这不一定是乳糖不耐症。
It is boiled milk.
那是煮过的牛奶。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
At first, I was skeptical about the raw milk story. Then I read this:
Map of State Laws on the Sale of Unpasteurized Cow's Milk, 2012–2019.
Apparently, it is possible to buy unpasteurized milk at retail in some states.
起初，我对生奶的故事持怀疑态度。然后我读到了这个：
《2012–2019年各州未巴氏消毒牛奶销售法律图》
显然，在某些州可以在零售商店购买未巴氏消毒的牛奶。
That said, the idea someone would fly a bottle of milk in a cold pack from the US to CN for shared diarrhea session is… bonkers.
这与我的常识相违，因为我被告知生奶可能含有病毒和细菌。而这正是巴氏消毒的目的。
不过，想象一下有人从美国用冷藏包将一瓶牛奶飞到中国以便共享腹泻的想法是……疯狂的。
So Americans drink raw milk
所以美国人喝生奶
It's not “raw” or “real” milk. It's pasteurized milk. Raw milk is a whole other can of worms.
Chinese can drink boiled milk with no issues, because the lactose in milk is broken down after boiling.
The taste between boiled and unboiled milk is also completely different. Packaged milk sold in China has a peculiar flavor that I don't particularly enjoy.
这不是“生奶”或“真正”的奶。它是巴氏消毒的奶。生奶是另一回事。
中国人可以喝煮过的奶而没有问题，因为牛奶中的乳糖在煮沸后被分解了。
煮过的奶和未煮过的奶的味道也完全不同。中国销售的包装奶有一种我不特别喜欢的独特味道。
Lactose isn't broken down with boiling
乳糖在煮沸时不会被分解
Same thing happened with bread back in Ireland. A friend of mine moved to Ireland and opened a French bakery, he made real French bread with French imported flour. Some people who claimed not being able to eat bread tried his and had NO ISSUE WHATSOEVER. super odd
在爱尔兰也发生了类似的情况。我的一个朋友搬到爱尔兰，开了一家法国面包店，他用进口的法国面粉制作真正的法国面包。有些声称不能吃面包的人尝试了他的面包，却没有任何问题。非常奇怪
What a poor attempt at storytelling.
In the USA they don't sell raw milk in stores. Chinese cows give raw milk just like American cows.
Most people don't have peanut allergies so they can eat peanuts in China also.
真是一个糟糕的讲故事尝试。
在美国，他们的商店不卖生奶。中国的奶牛和美国的奶牛一样也产生生奶。
大多数人没有花生过敏，所以他们在中国也可以吃花生。
When people see the work hours that the Chinese put in they will soon move back.
当人们看到中国人工作的时间后，他们很快就会搬回去。
And in Japan, the hands can be used like a knife.
在日本，手可以像刀子一样使用。
Well, in the UK parents are advised to introduce peanuts gradually to babies. Though, one aspect that increases peanut allergy risk is raw peanuts are more widely consumed here.
在英国，建议家长逐渐将花生引入婴儿饮食中。然而，增加花生过敏风险的一个方面是生花生在这里的消费更为广泛。
That's bullshit. I know a guy who grew up in China and he's always had a peanut allergy. There are lots of people in China with peanut allergies, it just isn't as common among Asian people as among Caucasian people, just like a lot of allergies and ailments affect some races and not others.
那是胡说八道。我认识一个在中国长大的家伙，他一直有花生过敏。中国有很多花生过敏的人，只是相比于白人，亚洲人中这种过敏不那么常见，就像许多过敏和疾病影响某些种族而不影响其他种族一样。
Just remember - there’s no bill of rights in China.
请记住——中国没有权利法案。
如果你做了他们不太认可的事，你会被从街上抓走，关进牢笼，没人会记得你。如果你运气好，有关心你并有能力的人会为你的释放请愿，如果你的罪行不太严重，最终你会被释放。
Tips: Something you should/shouldn’t do as a foreigner in China, for whatever reasons you’re being there:
提示：无论你因为什么原因在中国，作为外国人，有些事情你应该/不应该做：
不要购买/贩卖毒品、杂草（指大麻）或可卡因之类的东西。你可能会被判死刑。他们对此非常严肃，即使你的总统也救不了你。
不要试图煽动颜色革命和骚乱，就像你们在乌克兰、香港（特区）、中东、东欧和南美所做的那样。你将被关进监狱大部分时间。他们对此同样很严肃。
More important, don’t pretend to be a savior to Chinese people.
不要犯下任何诸如强奸、绑架、谋杀、纵火等罪行。你将为自己的行为受到相应的惩罚。
更重要的是，不要假装是中国人民的救世主。
Be a good guy just as you’re in your country. Or troubles will find you.
更加重要的是，不要试图教中国和中国人民该怎么做。你既不是上帝的使者，也不是正义的化身。
就像你在自己国家那样做个好人。否则麻烦会找上你。
当你出国旅行时，做一个有礼貌的游客。这样你会享受异国的体验。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Agree with ya. 1. We hated drug/drug abuses. Hundred year ago we can’t stop them. With the sacrifice of thousands and thousands of soldiers/ police life, we stop the drugs outside of our border. Again, we love our family and we hate drugs.
同意你的观点。1. 我们憎恨毒品/毒品滥用。百年前我们无法阻止它们。通过牺牲成千上万的士兵/警察生命，我们将毒品阻止在边境之外。我们爱我们的家人并且憎恨毒品。
There are definitely people in China that do have peanut allergies, but you are right, they are less common than in the US, even though peanut consumption is comparable between China and the US. One possible reason for the lower rates of allergies in China may be that peanuts eaten in China typically are boiled or fried - whereas in the US they are typically dry-roasted or in the form of peanut butter (and still roasted).
中国肯定有人对花生过敏，但你是对的，这种情况比美国少见，尽管中国和美国的花生消费量相当。中国过敏率较低的一个可能原因可能是，在中国吃的花生通常是煮的或油炸的，而在美国，花生通常是干烤的或以花生酱的形式（而且仍然是烤的）。
实验室研究表明，生产花生酱和干烤花生所需的加工温度较高，会导致花生蛋白的致敏性增加。由于煮或煎花生是在较低温度下进行的，因此花生比烤花生的过敏性相对较低。这可能是一个可能的解释。
事实上，对于为什么这个人对花生过敏而这个人没有花生过敏，目前还没有真正可靠的答案，但科学家们正在越来越接近弄清楚这个问题。还有其他理论，例如卫生假说，该假说意味着，因为在美国，我们生活在一个卫生的世界（一切灭菌）
我们的身体不会接触到可能导致疾病的东西，因此免疫系统“重新设定”以应被视为正常的食物（即花生、猫等食物）此外，今年早些时候的一项研究 (LEAP) 指出，当儿童在生命早期（之前）接触花生蛋白时，11个月）他们发生过敏的可能性较小。你可以从美国儿科学会改变建议，即婴儿在2岁或3岁之前不要接触高过敏性食物（例如花生）的建议中看出这种相关性 - 食物过敏急剧增加。
由于 LEAP 研究，他们推翻了这一建议，现在声明父母应该在孩子生命早期引入这些食物，以帮助避免孩子出现食物过敏。我不确定中国的做法是什么，但假设这种延迟引入花生的做法在其他国家并不像在美国那样常见。
If it’s because of Hygiene, why lactose intolerance is low in US, on the other hand high in China? I think it’s because that peanuts is common in Chinese traditional food, like milk in US. More people grow the tolerance of them, roasted peanuts and peanut jam are actually very common in the Chinese food menu.
如果是因为卫生原因，为什么乳糖不耐症在美国很低，而在中国却很高？我认为这是因为花生在中国传统食品中很常见，就像美国的牛奶一样。更多的人对它们的容忍度也随之提高，烤花生和花生酱其实在中餐菜单中很常见。
Excellent answer! I've also read the since many Chinese follow TCM traditions that diagnosing peanut allergies is much more difficult.
很好的答案！我还读到，由于许多中国人遵循中医传统，诊断花生过敏要困难得多。
i hear if you got peanut allegy. by comsumming small ammond would lost the allergy. since Chinese use peanut oil maybe????????????
我听说你是否有花生过敏。服用小杏仁就会消除过敏。因为中国人可能用花生油？？？？？？？？？？？？
Some allergists are doing oral immunotherapy for peanuts, and many trials for multiple allergens. They basically don’t “lose” the allergy, they just build up a tolerance to a certain amount of peanuts.
一些过敏症专家正在对花生进行口服免疫疗法，并对多种过敏原进行许多试验。他们基本上不会“失去”过敏，只是建立了对一定量花生的耐受性。
然后，患者必须继续定期吃花生，以保持耐受性，以免出现反应。很多人说，其实花生油是高度精炼的，所以大多数对花生过敏的人仍然可以安全地食用花生油。
所以我不认为是这样，但确实有一个理论认为，年轻时接触花生的人发生过敏的机会较小，也许如果中国人在婴儿时期使用大量花生油或花生食物，然后它可以帮助他们完全避免过敏。
Yes, I do like the Hygiene Hypothesis that I first learned about in pharmacy school back in the late 80s. It really explains my allergies/asthma/AI disease. I had such bad allergic asthma that my pediatrician told my mom to keep my bedroom pretty much sterile. That in the long run probably didn’t help me at all.
是的，我确实喜欢 80 年代末在药房学校第一次学到的卫生假说。它确实解释了我的过敏/哮喘/人工智能疾病。我患有严重的过敏性哮喘，以至于我的儿科医生告诉我妈妈要保持我的卧室保持无菌。从长远来看，这可能对我没有任何帮助。
I don’t think I have a peanut allergy but peanut butter and peanuts dry or roasted I have no issues never did, but I do have some issues with peanut oil , sesame oil, and soybeans. If it’s a dry peanut oil not issue but the abstracted oil especially sesame oil I have big issues with
我不认为我对花生过敏，但花生酱和干花生或烤花生我从来没有遇到过任何问题，但我对花生油、芝麻油和大豆确实有一些问题。如果是干花生油不是问题，但提取油尤其是芝麻油我有很大问题
Never the way Chinese people make their food is so much better then American Thai or American attempt to make it
中国人做食物的方式从来没有比美国泰国人或美国人做的更好
This makes so much sense because peanut oil is widely used in Chinese foods.
这很有意义，因为花生油广泛用于中国食品中。
I don't have the facts to back up the reason for China having very little to do with allergies, however, I can tell you why it's such a problem in the USA.
我没有足够的证据来支持中国几乎没有过敏现象的原因，但我可以告诉你为什么在美国过敏问题如此严重。
多年来，关于食物过敏的原因有很多理论。其中一个看起来最可信的原因，很可能是中国和其他国家过敏少的原因。
在以色列，有一个笑话说，幼儿学会的前三个词是“阿爸”（爸爸）、“伊玛”（妈妈）和“班巴”（一种花生零食）。原因是，在以色列，父母给孩子吃的第一种真正的食物就是班巴。事实上，花生在以色列是主要的食品产业之一。
然而，重点是，与以色列不同，美国和其他国家对给孩子吃花生有规定。当花生过敏首次在美国变得普遍时，医生认为最好尽可能长时间不让孩子吃花生，直到认为安全后再尝试。因此，过敏在孩子中变得更常见，因为他们被长时间禁止接触，从而让他们的免疫系统认为这是“禁食”。
与此同时，在以色列和可能中国，孩子们在很小的时候就接触到了花生，这使得他们的免疫系统将其识别为非威胁，因此不会触发过敏反应。
基于这项研究，医生和研究人员开始意识到他们以前的方法可能不正确，并决定稍微调整规定。现在医生建议在孩子更小的时候就开始接触花生，以防止食物过敏的发生。
I was born in China and moved to California at age 6. I visit China several times a year now —- I NEVER see any advertisements about “No MSG” or “_____ free” (fill in the blank with lactose, peanut, blah blah blah…) either in restaurants or packaging in China.
我在中国出生，6岁时搬到加州。现在我每年会去中国几次——我在中国从未见过关于“无味精”或“_____ 无”（比如乳糖、花生等）的广告，无论是在餐馆还是包装上。
你的回答听起来很有道理，因为我的父母和其他中国父母倾向于从很小的时候就让孩子吃他们正在吃的任何东西。
Thanks. I appreciate the response.
谢谢。我很感谢你的回复。