为什么在南美洲，尤其是巴西，数百只鹦鹉本能地爬上高楼的墙壁？
Why is it that in South America, especially in Brazil, hundreds of parrots instinctively cover the walls of tall buildings (almost as if they were a decoration)?
译文简介
在巴西，鹦鹉不会爬满高楼大厦的墙壁。
它们覆盖了圣保罗一座建筑的墙壁。
正文翻译
Like Rogerio said,
Parrots don´t cover the walls of tall buildings in Brazil.
They cover the wall of a single building in São Paulo.
就像罗杰里奥说的，
在巴西，鹦鹉不会爬满高楼大厦的墙壁。
它们覆盖了圣保罗一座建筑的墙壁。
Parrots don´t cover the walls of tall buildings in Brazil.
They cover the wall of a single building in São Paulo.
就像罗杰里奥说的，
在巴西，鹦鹉不会爬满高楼大厦的墙壁。
它们覆盖了圣保罗一座建筑的墙壁。
The palace of parrots…
鹦鹉的宫殿……
Crazy uh?
At a first glance, it might look like you said, “a building decoration”. But those are actual birds massed on the building (in italian we call them white-eyed parakeet).
This is happening in the eastern part of São Paulo, Brazil, the bricks of building what is known as the "Prédio das maritacas" have been attracting hundreds of parrots every day for twenty-five years.
听起来有点疯狂?
乍一看，它可能像你说的“建筑装饰”。但那些是聚集在建筑上的真正的鸟类（在意大利语中我们也叫它们白眼鹦鹉）。
这发生在巴西圣保罗的东部，被称为“玛丽塔卡斯”的大厦的砖块25年来每天都吸引着数百只鹦鹉。
At a first glance, it might look like you said, “a building decoration”. But those are actual birds massed on the building (in italian we call them white-eyed parakeet).
This is happening in the eastern part of São Paulo, Brazil, the bricks of building what is known as the "Prédio das maritacas" have been attracting hundreds of parrots every day for twenty-five years.
听起来有点疯狂?
乍一看，它可能像你说的“建筑装饰”。但那些是聚集在建筑上的真正的鸟类（在意大利语中我们也叫它们白眼鹦鹉）。
这发生在巴西圣保罗的东部，被称为“玛丽塔卡斯”的大厦的砖块25年来每天都吸引着数百只鹦鹉。
This behaviour could be related to the phenomenon of geophagy: in nature these birds consume small amounts of clay with the double purpose of
1.reducing the harmfulness of certain foods (in particular, studies show a 60% reduction in the toxicity of the alkaloid quinidine, contained in plant) and…
2.…as a supplement of their diet. (EDIT: Don’t miss Lena Kurschev comment below she is showing this phenomen with some very nice pics)
However, in an urban environment they have opted to find what they need more conveniently by licking clay from the surface of the bricks.
这种行为可能与食土现象有关：在自然界中，这些鸟食用少量的粘土，有两个目的：
1.减少某些食物的危害（特别是，研究表明，植物中含有的生物碱奎尼丁的毒性降低了60%）和……
2.作为他们饮食的补充（编辑:不要错过Lena Kurschev下面的评论，她用一些非常漂亮的照片展示了这一现象）
然而，在城市环境中，他们选择舔砖头表面的粘土来更方便地找到他们需要的东西。
1.reducing the harmfulness of certain foods (in particular, studies show a 60% reduction in the toxicity of the alkaloid quinidine, contained in plant) and…
2.…as a supplement of their diet. (EDIT: Don’t miss Lena Kurschev comment below she is showing this phenomen with some very nice pics)
However, in an urban environment they have opted to find what they need more conveniently by licking clay from the surface of the bricks.
这种行为可能与食土现象有关：在自然界中，这些鸟食用少量的粘土，有两个目的：
1.减少某些食物的危害（特别是，研究表明，植物中含有的生物碱奎尼丁的毒性降低了60%）和……
2.作为他们饮食的补充（编辑:不要错过Lena Kurschev下面的评论，她用一些非常漂亮的照片展示了这一现象）
然而，在城市环境中，他们选择舔砖头表面的粘土来更方便地找到他们需要的东西。
Other hypotheses suggest that the structure of this particular building allows many parrots to stop for a break and find shelter at the same time, in harmony with their social instincts; or, even, they use it to rub their beaks in order to sharpen them.
其他假说认为，这座特殊建筑的结构允许许多鹦鹉停下来休息，同时找到避难所，这与它们的社会本能相协调；或者，它们甚至用它来摩擦喙，使它们变得锋利。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
其他假说认为，这座特殊建筑的结构允许许多鹦鹉停下来休息，同时找到避难所，这与它们的社会本能相协调；或者，它们甚至用它来摩擦喙，使它们变得锋利。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
A pretty sight to see perhaps, but it is sad to think that they are there because their natural environment has probably been slowly wiped out due to human expansion.
也许这是一个美丽的景象，但想到它们在那里，我很难过，因为它们的自然环境可能已经因为人类的扩张而慢慢消失。
也许这是一个美丽的景象，但想到它们在那里，我很难过，因为它们的自然环境可能已经因为人类的扩张而慢慢消失。
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Similar behavior in their natural habitat, with clay riverbanks:
类似的行为在它们的自然栖息地，粘土河岸：
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
WynnAnne Sibbald to Lena Kurschev
Great pictures! We witnessed this in Peru — fascinating to observe — but I was unable to get a good photo.
很棒的照片！我们在秘鲁目睹了这一切——观察起来很迷人——但我没能拍到一张好照片。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
When a comment truly over delivers…maybe consider making this another answer to the question? Thank you for taking the time.
当一个评论真的言过其实时……也许可以考作为另一个答案来回答这个问题?谢谢你抽出时间。
Beautiful!!!!
美丽! !
I work in São Paulo and there are a few buildings like this spread around the city, always beautiful to see.
我在圣保罗工作，像这样的建筑分布在城市各处，看起来总是很漂亮。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Thanks. I was not aware there were more. I only found reference to one building. Maybe there is one where there are more, or it’s more common (daily)
Still, the question makes it seem the author believes all tall buildings in Brazil have parrots covering their walls.
谢谢。我不知道那里还有更多这样的。我只找到了一座建筑的资料。也许有一个地方有更多，或者它更常见(日常)
不过，这个问题让人觉得提问者似乎相信巴西所有的高楼都有鹦鹉爬在墙上。
São Paulo has thousands of buildings, at most I’ve seen five or six buildings that have have these small green parrots on them.
圣保罗有成千上万的建筑，我最多见过五六座建筑上有这些绿色的小鹦鹉。
Yes, a few months ago I glanced out my home office window, and was astonished to see half-dozen birds on the side of my neighbor's chimney bricks (yellow finches, I think. Sorry the photo isn't clearer)
是的，几个月前，我从家里办公室的窗户向外瞥了一眼，惊讶地发现邻居的烟囱砖上有六只鸟(我想是黄雀吧。对不起，照片不清楚)
Shulamit Widawsky to Duke Ganote
Close. Goldfinches.
差不多。金翅雀
I have two parrots myself. I can only imagine the amount of noise such a big group attached to the outside walls of your home must make. I don’t think the people living there will be very happy with them, unless the apartments are well-insulated of course
我自己养了两只鹦鹉。我只能想象这么一大群鹦鹉挂在你家的外墙上会发出多大的噪音。我不认为住在那里的人会很满意，当然，除非公寓隔绝性能很好
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
It is funny to think that humans who are so addicted now to their noisy, flashy smartphones and whatnot would have difficulty with birds’ noises. But then again, birds confined inside a human living space would seem noisier than the birds out in the open.
有趣的是，现在沉迷于嘈杂、华而不实的智能手机之类的东西的人类会很难处理鸟类的噪音。但话说回来，被限制在人类生活空间内的鸟类似乎比户外的鸟类更吵。
I can confirm that they indeed make a lot of noise. When I moved to my house, I'd wake at 5 in the morning to the sound of screeching birds flying above. Thankfully I didn't own a shotgun, because if I did…
They're either gone, or somehow I'm not woken by the noise anymore.
我可以肯定他们确实制造了很多噪音。当我搬到我的房子里时，我会在早上5点被鸟儿飞过的尖叫声吵醒。幸好我没有猎枪，因为如果我有……
他们要么离开，要么就是我不再被噪音吵醒了。
“What’s for breakfast? Parrots, again? I’m tired of biting into shotgun pellets. Maybe we could juice them instead?”
“早餐吃什么？又是鹦鹉？我已经厌倦了咬猎枪子弹了。也许我们可以给它们榨汁？”
People in the US sometimes build and live in many natural habitats of animals. These beautiful parrots and other animals have to search for what they need in order to survive. I think it is true that birds need to file or sharpen their beaks using something made of calcium or other minerals…or maybe the minerals are needed for their health. These minerals may be present in the brick or clay on this building which draws these parrots. Human beings are not the single most important living organism on earth…but we are the most destructive…hence there are animals that have to look for their needs in residential areas or cities.
美国人有时会在许多动物的自然栖息地里建筑和生活。这些美丽的鹦鹉和其他动物为了生存不得不寻找所需的东西。我认为鸟类确实需要用钙或其他矿物质制成的东西来锉尖它们的喙，或者这些矿物质是它们健康所必需的。这些矿物质可能存在于吸引这些鹦鹉的建筑物的砖或粘土中。人类不是地球上唯一最重要的生物，但我们是最具破坏性的，因此有些动物不得不在居民区或城市里寻找它们所需的东西。
Don't assume the birds are there for loss of habitat, it may not be the case. Much of Canada for example is uninhabited forestry and swamp area, however the bear, deer and moose are starting these last 15 years roaming streets of small towns(don't ask me why).
Racoons are always scavaging garbage cans if not adequately enclosed. At my brother's house a dove made her nest in the rafters of his front porch awning although he is on 5 acres and plenty of mature trees abound. This very thing happened in the neighborhood I was living in a few years ago.
In any town birds often prefer the perch of buildings over the trees in the same town. They also like dryer lint to make their nests! The deal is: most persons have turned vegetarian or rely on domesticated animals for food source, and Conservation Canada has basically limited hunting to overpopulation culling, and, WWF Canada sets aside large areas where no humans may ever reside or develop,to protect its wildlife. So humans are not anymore natural predators to wildlife, thus animals are emboldened with the human species.
不要以为这些鸟是因为栖息地的丧失而出现的，事实可能并非如此。例如，加拿大的大部分地区都是无人居住的森林和沼泽地区，然而在过去的15年里，熊、鹿和驼鹿开始在小城镇的街道上游荡(不要问我为什么)。
如果没有充分的封闭，浣熊总是在垃圾桶里觅食。在我哥哥的房子里，一只鸽子在他前廊遮阳篷的椽子上做了个窝，尽管他的房子在占地5英亩的，而且有很多成熟树木的地方。几年前，我住的那个社区就发生过这样的事。
在任何一个城镇，鸟类往往喜欢栖息在同一城镇的建筑物上，而不是树上。它们也喜欢用干燥的棉绒来筑巢！交易是：大多数人都变成了素食主义者或依赖驯养的动物作为食物来源，加拿大自然保护署基本上限制在数量过剩的扑杀，并且，世界自然基金会加拿大划出了大片地区，任何人都不可能居住或发展，以保护野生动物。因此，人类不再是野生动物的天敌，因此动物对人类更加大胆。
This is, of course, completely true. The solution for that problem is more difficult to find though, taking into account how much the world’s population has increased and will still increase. I don’t see it getting better, though I do hope it will
当然，这完全正确。然而，考虑到世界人口已经增加了多少，而且还将继续增加，这个问题的解决方案就更难找到了。我不认为情况会好转，但我确实希望会
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
yes…this is true. We all need to realize this and plan for the future…all around the world.
是的，这是真的。我们都需要意识到这一点，并为未来做计划……全世界都是如此。
Burned bricks are not a good source for clay. If the parrots are covering just one area of the building, it means that the bricks are different there. Maybe it’s a batch that wasn’t properly burned, which could also mean that the building is not safe. Or maybe some scent the parrots like was transferred to that pile of bricks: I could imagine dozens of scenarios how that could have happened.
Maybe it has nothing to do with the bricks: maybe the mortar is different in that area. Maybe there was something in the water, or in the sand used to make the mortar.
Or maybe they are attracted by something that’s beyond the wall.
If I knew a little less (or maybe a little more?) about parrots, I would say that maybe it’s not the wall, the bricks or the mortar: it’s the place that attracts them. Maybe it has some historical or religious significance for them…
烧制的砖不是粘土的好来源。如果鹦鹉只覆盖了建筑物的一个区域，这意味着那里的砖块是不同的。也许是一批没有严格烧制的，这也可能意味着大楼不安全。或者鹦鹉喜欢的某种气味转移到了那堆砖上：我能想象出几十种可能发生的情况。
也许这和砖没有关系：也许那个地区的砂浆是不同的。也许水里，或者用来制造砂浆的沙子里有什么东西。
或者他们被墙外的东西吸引了。
如果我对鹦鹉了解得少一点(或者多一点?)，我会说，也许不是墙、砖或砂浆吸引了它们，而是这个地方。也许它对他们有一些历史或宗教意义
The leading argument is that parrots nibble on clay, dirt, and dead standing palm trees in swamps for minerals, with a focus on salt. If the mortar has minerals such as salt, calcium, etc, then the building is sort of their supplement pill.
最主要的观点是，鹦鹉啃泥土、泥土和沼泽中枯死的棕榈树以获取矿物质，重点是盐。如果砂浆中含有盐、钙等矿物质，那么建筑就是他们的补充药丸。
Amazon parrots shown in Life On Earth start their days by flying to a nearby clay hill. They eat bits of clay to immunize themselves from toxins in food they eat.
A brick face apartment house on my block has a few bricks that I initially thought were ‘worn out.’ Then I saw a house sparrow scraping at those bricks with its beak. I put 2 and 2 together.
《地球上的生命》中展示的亚马逊鹦鹉会飞到附近的一座粘土山上开始它们的一天。他们吃一些粘土来免疫他们所吃的食物中的毒素。
我所在街区的一栋砖面公寓里有几块砖，我一开始以为是“老坏的”。“然后我看到一只家麻雀用它的嘴在刮那些砖。我把两件事放在一起。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
I'm not a believer in the toxins hypothesis. The parrots eat specific bands out of the clay face, which are higher in sodium when you analyze then.
我不相信毒素假说。鹦鹉吃粘土表面的特定区带，当你分析时，这些区带的钠含量更高。
That doesn't mean that their habitat is endangered or destroyed.
They might, just like other animals that have learnt to take adventage of humans like racoons, have found that the mortar or/and bricks are an easier and even more useful source of the resource they are seeking than natural sources in their habitats.
这并不意味着它们的栖息地处于危险之中或被破坏。
它们可能就像其他已经学会利用人类的动物（比如浣熊）一样，发现砂浆或砖块比它们栖息地的自然资源更容易获取，甚至更有用。
looking at these birds, I imagine there would have been a huge tree instead of the building which was home for these parrots.
They might be sitting there and fooling themselves thinking this cement, brick and pollution is their home now.
看着这些鸟，我想那里会有一棵大树，而不是建筑物作为这些鹦鹉的家。
他们可能坐在那里自欺欺人地认为这个水泥、砖和污染就是他们现在的家。
That is pretty cool though . Development of building supporting parrots
不过这很酷。建筑配套鹦鹉的发展
“How did your building collapse?” “Parrots licked it over a long period of time”
“你的大楼是怎么倒塌的？”“鹦鹉舔了很长一段时间”
The urban homeless birds.
城市里无家可归的鸟儿。
Are they junkies too…..?
他们也是瘾君子吗.....?