LARRY ROMANOFF · OCTOBER 24, 2019
China as a nation has the longest and by far the most vast record of inventions in the history of the world. It is now reliably estimated that more than 60% of all the knowledge existing in the world today originated in China, a fact swept under the carpet by the West.
Joseph Needham, a British biochemist, scientific historian, and professor at Cambridge University, is widely rated as one of the most outstanding intellectuals of the 20th century. Chinese students visiting at Cambridge repeatedly informed him that Western scientific methods and discoveries discussed in his classes originated in China centuries before. Needham was so intrigued that he became fully fluent in Chinese, then travelled to China to investigate. He discovered voluminous evidence of the truth of those claims and decided to remain in China to write a book to document what he deemed a discovery of great importance to the world. Needham never completed his task of cataloguing the history of Chinese invention. His one book became 26 books and he died in 1995, with his work still continued today by his students. One good introduction to this topic is Robert Temple’s summary of Needham’s work.[1]

中国是一个拥有世界历史上最长迄今为止最为广博的发明记录的国家。据可靠的估计，当今世界现有的知识中有60%以上起源于中国，而这一事实被西方掩盖了。
约瑟夫·尼德汗（译者注：在中国广为人知的是他的汉名李约瑟，所著《中国科学技术史》对西方了解中国及交流产生重要影响），英国生物化学家、科学历史学家、剑桥大学教授，被公认为20世纪最杰出的知识分子之一。访问剑桥的中国学生反复告诉他，他课堂上讨论的西方科学方法和发现起源于几个世纪前的中国。李约瑟对此非常感兴趣，以至于他能说一口流利的中文，然后前往中国进行考察。他发现了大量证据证明这些说法的真实性，并决定留在中国写一本书，记录他认为对世界具有重大意义的发现。李约瑟从未完成编目中国发明史的任务。他的一本书变成了26本书，他于1995年去世，他的学生仍然在继续他的工作。罗伯特·坦普尔(Robert Temple)（译者注：著名科学哲学家，所著《天狼星之谜》最为著名，著有《中国的一百个世界第一》对李约瑟的著作进行了提炼浓缩）对李约瑟著作的总结是对这一主题的一个很好的介绍。

We were all taught in school that the printing press with movable type was invented in Germany by Johannes Gutenberg in about the year 1550. Not so. China not only invented paper but also the printing press with movable set type, which was in common use in China 1,000 years before Gutenberg was born. Similarly, we were taught that Englishman James Watt invented the steam engine. He did not. Steam engines were in widespread use in China 600 years before Watt was born. There are dated ancient texts and drawings to illustrate and prove the Chinese discovered and documented “Pascal’s Triangle” 600 years before Pascal copied it, and the Chinese enunciated Newton’s First Law of Motion 2,000 years before Newton.
The same is true for thousands of inventions that the West now claim as theirs but where conclusive documentation exists to prove that they originated in China hundreds and sometimes thousands of years before the West copied them. It was not for nothing that Marco Polo is described in China as “Europe’s great thief”. The next few paragraphs are adapted mainly from information in Temple’s book, which I strongly recommend.

我们在学校里都学过，活字印刷机是约在1550年由德国的约翰内斯·古腾堡发明的。不是这样的。中国不仅发明了纸，还发明了活字印刷术，在古腾堡出生前1000年，活字印刷术在中国就已普遍使用。同样，我们被告知英国人詹姆斯·瓦特发明了蒸汽机。但并非如此。在瓦特出生600年前，蒸汽机就在中国广泛使用了。中国发现并记载“帕斯卡三角”的时间比帕斯卡早了600年，提出牛顿第一运动定律的时间比牛顿早了2000年。
同样的情况也发生在成千上万的发明上，西方现在声称这些发明是他们的，但有确凿的文件证明它们起源于中国，在西方复制它们之前数百年甚至数千年。马可波罗在中国被称为“欧洲大盗”并非没有道理。下面几段主要改编自坦普尔书中的信息，我强烈推荐这本书。

The Chinese invented the decimal number system, decimal fractions, negative numbers, and the zero, so far in the past that the origin is lost in the mists of time. The Chinese tracked sunspots and comets with such detail and accuracy that these ancient records are still used as the basis for their prediction and observation today. The Chinese were drilling for natural gas about 2,500 years ago, wells 4,800 feet deep, with bamboo pipelines to deliver the gas to nearby cities. The Chinese pioneered the mining and use of coal long before it was known in the West. Marco Polo and Arab traders marveled at the “black stone” that the Chinese mined from the ground, that would burn slowly during an entire night.

中国人发明了十进制数制、十进制分数、负数和零，其起源已湮没在时间的迷雾中。中国人对太阳黑子和彗星的追踪非常详细和准确，这些古老的记录至今仍被用作天文预测和观测的基础。中国人在大约2500年前就开始钻探天然气，井深4800英尺，用竹制管道将天然气输送到附近的城市。早在西方知道煤炭之前，中国人就率先开采和使用煤炭。马可波罗和阿拉伯商人对中国人从地下开采的“黑石”感到惊讶，这种“黑石”可以在整个晚上慢慢燃烧。

China had printed paper money almost 1,500 years ago, done in ways to prevent counterfeiting. Wrapping paper, paper napkins and toilet paper were all in general use in China 2,000 years before the West could produce them. They were the first to invent and develop a full mechanical clock with a true escapement, many centuries before the Swiss had done so. The Chinese invented an ingenious seismograph still in use that tells not only the severity but the direction and distance of earthquakes. The Chinese invented hot-air balloons, the parachute, manned flight with kites, the wheelbarrow and matches. They invented hermetically-sealed laboratories for scientific experiments. They invented belt and chain drives, the paddlewheel steamer, the helicopter rotor and the propeller, the segmental-arch bridge. They invented the use of water power and chain pumps, the crank handle, all the construction methods for suspension bridges, sliding calipers, the fishing reel, image projection, magic lanterns, the gimbal system of suspension. China not only invented spinning wheels, carding machines and looms, but was the world’s leader in technical innovations in textile manufacturing, more than 700 years before Britain’s 18th century textile revolution.

中国早在1500年前就开始印制纸币，目的是为了防止造假。在西方能够生产包装纸、餐巾纸和卫生纸之前，中国已经普遍使用了2000年。他们是第一个发明并研制出带有真正擒纵机构（译者注：钟表之中齿轮互相交抠运转的系统，现代机械表中普遍使用的是杠杆式擒纵）的全机械钟的人，比瑞士人早了许多世纪。中国人发明了一种精巧的地震仪，至今仍在使用，它不仅能显示地震的严重程度，还能显示地震的方向和距离。中国人发明了热气球、降落伞、载人风筝飞行、独轮手推车和火柴。他们发明了密封的实验室进行科学实验。他们发明了皮带和链传动，桨轮蒸汽机，直升机旋翼和螺旋桨，分段拱桥。他们发明了使用水力和链式泵、曲柄柄、悬索桥的所有施工方法、滑动卡尺、钓鱼卷轴、图像投影、神奇的灯笼、悬挂的万向节系统。中国不仅发明了纺车、梳理机和织布机，而且在纺织制造技术创新方面领先世界，比英国18世纪的纺织革命早了700多年。

Chinese expertise with fine porcelain was so advanced millennia ago, that even today it is admitted their ability has never even been equaled in the West, much less surpassed. The Chinese discovered not only magnetism but magnetic remanence and induction, as well as the compass. They invented gunpowder, smoke bombs, the cannon, the crossbow, plated body armor, fireworks, flamethrowers, grenades, land and sea mines, multi-stage rockets, mortars and repeating guns. China had irrigation canals that were also used for transport, and the Chinese invented the canal locks that could raise and lower boats to different levels 1,500 years before the Americans built the Panama Canal. China has earthquake-proof dams functioning today that were built around 250 BC.

几千年前，中国制作精美瓷器的技术非常先进，即使在今天，人们也承认他们的能力在西方从未被匹敌，更不用说被超越了。中国人不仅发现了磁学，还发现了剩磁和磁感应，以及指南针。他们发明了火药、烟雾弹、大炮、十字弓、镀防弹衣、烟花、火焰喷射器、手榴弹、水雷、多级火箭、迫击炮和连发炮。中国有灌溉运河，也用于运输，中国人发明了可以将船只升降到不同高度的水闸，比美国人建造巴拿马运河早了1500年。中国至今仍有建于公元前250年左右的抗震大坝。

A millennium ago, the Chinese conceived and developed the science of immunology – vaccinating people for diseases like smallpox, knowing how to extract and prepare the vaccine so as to immunise and not infect. They discovered the circadian rhythm in the human body, blood circulation and the science of endocrinology. The Chinese were using urine from pregnant women to make sex hormones 2,000 years ago, understanding how they acted on the body and how to use them. Many centuries-old Chinese medical books still exist, documenting all this and much more. Around 1550, China compiled a huge 52-volume Chinese Traditional Herbal Medicine encyclopedia that described almost 2,000 herbal sources and 10,000 medical prescxtions. Among them is chaulmoogra oil, which is still the only known treatment for leprosy.

一千年前，中国人构想并发展了免疫学科学——为人们接种天花等疾病的疫苗，知道如何提取和制备疫苗，以便免疫而不被感染。他们发现了人体的昼夜节律、血液循环和内分泌学。早在两千年前，中国人就开始用孕妇的尿液制造性激素，了解性激素对身体的作用以及如何使用。许多古老的中医书籍仍然存在，记录了所有这些和更多的东西。大约在1550年，中国编纂了一部52卷本的中草药百科全书，描述了近2000种草药来源和10000种处方。其中有一种叫chaulmoogra油（译者注：衛氏大風子油，钟花科的一种树，用于治疗皮肤病），至今仍是唯一已知的治疗麻风病的药物。

China designed and built the world’s largest commercial ships, which were many times longer and ten times larger in volume than anything the West could build at the time. In the late 1500s the largest English ships displaced 400 tons, while China’s displaced more than 3,000 tons. Western ships were small, uncontrollable and fragile, and useless for travelling any distance. Thousands of years ago, Chinese ships had watertight compartments that permitted them to continue journeys even when damaged. Moreover, Chinese ships not only had multiple masts, but China invented the luff sails which permit us to sail almost into the wind, just as sailboats do today, and were therefore not dependent on wind direction for their travel. Their luff sails contained sewn-in bamboo battens that keep the sails full and aerodynamically efficient, as racing sailboats use today. The Chinese invented the ship’s rudder – something the Europeans never managed to do, able to steer themselves only with oars, and European sails permitted them to travel only in the direction of the wind, which meant a ship would have to remain in place, sometimes for months, awaiting a favorable wind.

中国设计并建造了世界上最大的商船，比当时西方所能建造的商船长很多倍，体积大十倍。16世纪晚期，英国最大的船只排水量为400吨，而中国的排水量超过3000吨。西方的船只体积小、无法控制、脆弱不堪，无法航行任何距离。几千年前，中国船只有水密舱，即使受损也能继续航行。此外，中国船只不仅有多根桅杆，而且还发明了俯角帆，使我们几乎可以迎风航行，就像今天的帆船一样，因此航行不依赖风向。它们的俯角帆包含了缝在里面的竹板条，可以保持帆的饱满和空气动力学效率，就像今天的比赛帆船所使用的那样。中国人发明了船舵——这是欧洲人从来没有做到过的，他们只能靠桨来控制方向，而欧洲人的帆只允许他们沿着风的方向航行，这意味着一艘船必须停留在原地，有时长达数月，等待有利的风向。

Chinese maps were the best in the world, by orders of magnitude, for more than a millennium, and the precision of their maps became legendary, being far in advance of the West. The Chinese invented Mercator projections, relief maps, quantitative cartography and grid layouts. China had compasses and such extensive astronomical knowledge that they always knew where they were, could plot courses and follow them by both compass and star charts, and could sail wherever they wanted, regardless of the wind direction. As Needham pointed out, China was so far ahead of the Western world in sailing and navigation that comparisons are just embarrassing. It was only when the West managed to copy and steal China’s sailing and navigation technology that it was able to begin travelling the world and colonising it. James Petras wrote, “It is especially important to emphasize how China, the world technological power between 1100 and 1800, made the West’s emergence possible. It was only by borrowing and assimilating Chinese innovations that the West was able to make the transition to modern capitalist and imperialist economies.”[2]

一千多年来，中国地图在数量级上都是世界上最好的，其地图的精度成为传奇，远远领先于西方。中国人发明了墨卡托投影、地形图、定量制图和网格布局。中国有指南针，而且有丰富的天文知识，他们总是知道自己在哪里，可以用指南针和星图来绘制航线，并沿着航线航行，无论风向如何，他们都可以航行到任何地方。正如李约瑟所指出的，中国在航海和导航方面远远领先于西方世界，这样的比较令人尴尬。只有当西方成功地复制和窃取中国的航海和导航技术时，它才能够开始周游世界并进行殖民。詹姆斯·佩特拉斯(James Petras)写道:“特别重要的是，要强调中国这个1100年至1800年间的世界技术强国是如何使西方的出现成为可能的。只有通过借鉴和吸收中国的创新，西方才能够过渡到现代资本主义和帝国主义经济。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


China was 1,000 years ahead of the West in anything to do with metals – cast iron, wrought iron, steel, carbon steel, tempered steel, welded steel. The Chinese were so skilled at metallurgy they could cast tuned bells that could produce any tone. Long before 1,000 A.D., China was the world’s major steel producer. I believe it was James Petras who noted that in about 1,000 A.D. China was producing about 125,000 tons of steel per year, while 800 years later Britain could produce only 75,000 tons.[1] The Chinese invented the blast furnace, the double-action bellows to achieve the necessary high temperatures for smelting and annealing metals. They invented the manufacture of steel from cast iron. Thy excelled in creating metallic alloys, and very early were casting and forging coins made from copper, nickel and zinc. The entire process of mining, smelting and purifying zinc, originated in China. The Chinese developed the processes of mining itself, and the concentration and extraction of metals.

中国在利用金属的任何方面也都领先西方1000年——铸铁、熟铁、钢、碳钢、回火钢、焊接钢。中国人在冶金方面技术出众，他们可以铸造出可以发出任何音调的调谐钟。早在公元1000年之前，中国就是世界上主要的钢铁生产国。我相信是詹姆斯·佩特拉斯(James Petras)指出，在公元1000年左右，中国每年生产大约12.5万吨钢铁，而800年后，英国每年只能生产7.5万吨钢铁中国人发明了高炉，采用双作用风箱来达到冶炼和退火金属所需的高温。他们发明了用铸铁炼钢。他们擅长制造金属合金，很早就铸造和锻造了用铜、镍和锌制成的硬币。整个锌的开采、冶炼和提纯过程，起源于中国。中国人发展了自己的采矿工艺，以及金属的浓缩和提取。

China was highly advanced in agriculture, having invented the winnowing fan and the seed drill, making an easy process of tilling, planting, and harvesting. Europeans and Americans were still seeding crops by scattering grain from a bag, a greatly wasteful practice that necessitated saving 50% of each year’s crop for seed. China developed scientifically efficient plows that have never been equaled and are still used all over the world today. They invented and developed animal harnesses and collars that first permitted horses to actually be used to pull loads. Europe had no efficient plow, and their only way of harnessing animals was to put a rope around their necks, which succeeded only in the animals strangling themselves. The Chinese invented saddles and the riding stirrup. China’s food production was orders of magnitude ahead of the world for more than 1,000 years, its advances in agriculture the enabling cause of Europe’s agricultural revolution that first permitted it to begin feeding itself adequately. The Chinese were wearing fine silk and cotton clothing and using toilet paper while centuries later Europeans were still wearing animal skins.

中国的农业非常发达，发明了扬子扇和播种机，使耕作、种植和收获变得很容易。欧洲人和美国人还在用袋装谷物播种，这是一种非常浪费的做法，每年必须节省50%的作物用于种子。中国开发了科学高效的犁，无人能及，至今仍在世界各地使用。他们发明并开发了动物挽具和项圈，第一次让马真正被用来拉东西。欧洲没有有效的犁，他们驾驭动物的唯一方法是在它们的脖子上套上一根绳子，这只能使动物勒死自己。中国人发明了马鞍和马镫。一千多年来，中国的粮食产量一直领先世界几个数量级，中国在农业方面的进步推动了欧洲的农业革命，使欧洲第一次开始实现自给自足。中国人穿着丝绸和棉质的衣服，使用卫生纸，而几个世纪后的欧洲人仍然穿着动物皮。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Few people in the West are familiar with China’s Armillary Spheres. These wonders of the world, cast in bronze several meters in diameter and beautifully decorated with dragons and phoenixes, are some of the oldest and most accurate astronomical observatory instruments in existence, some created more than 3,500 years ago when the Western countries had no knowledge of such things. They determine and measure the positions and equatorial ecliptic and horizontal coordinates of celestial bodies, the positions and daily motions of 1,500 stars and constellations, and much more. When the Western Forces invaded China in the late 1800s, they were so captivated that they plundered most of these treasures and the centuries of data from the ancient observatories, disassembling the instruments and removing them to Europe, returning some to China as part of the Treaties after the First World War.

西方很少有人熟悉中国的浑天仪。这些世界奇观由直径数米的青铜铸造而成，精美的龙和凤凰装饰，是现存最古老、最精确的天文观测仪器之一，有些是在3500多年前制造的，当时西方国家还不知道这些东西。它们可以确定和测量天体的位置、赤道黄道坐标和水平坐标，以及1500颗恒星和星座的位置和日常运动等等。当西方军队在19世纪晚期入侵中国时，他们被迷住了，他们从古代天文台掠夺了大部分珍宝和数百年的数据，将仪器拆解并运回欧洲，并在第一次世界大战后根据条约将部分仪器归还给中国。

It leaves one speechless to learn the vast extent of Chinese inventions that existed hundreds of years and often millennia, before they appeared in the West. Needham published not only ancient Chinese texts that can be accurately dated, but photos of old drawings that clearly depict all of these items. This isn’t a simple matter of gunpowder and fireworks, but of discovery that encompasses the entire range of human knowledge, all of which has been consciously hidden from the Western world. Needham made his discoveries in the 1940s, but neither Western education nor the media have ever referenced or acknowledged them. These are not mere claims; the evidence is conclusive and available for examination but the West has thoroughly erased China from the world’s historical memory.

在西方出现之前，中国发明已经存在了数百年甚至数千年，这让人哑口无言。李约瑟不仅发表了可以准确确定年代的中国古代文献，而且还发表了清楚描绘所有这些物品的旧绘画照片。这不是一个简单的火药和烟火的问题，而是一个包含人类整个知识领域的发现，所有这些都被有意识地对西方世界隐藏起来。李约瑟在20世纪40年代做出了他的发现，但无论是西方教育届还是媒体都从未提及或承认过这些发现。这些不仅仅是观点主张；证据确凿，可供检验，但西方已经将中国从世界历史记忆中彻底抹去。

Myth and Misrepresentation

神话与谬误

Western historians have distorted and ignored China’s dominant role in the world economy until about 1800. There exists an enormous amount of empirical data proving China’s economic and technological superiority over Western civilization for the better part of several millennia. Given that China was the world’s supreme technological power up to about 1800, it is especially important to emphasize that this is what made the West’s emergence possible. It was only by copying and assimilating Chinese innovations and China’s much more advanced technology that the West was able to make the transition to modern capitalist and imperialist economies. Until then, China was the leading trading nation, reaching most of Southern Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Europe. China’s innovations in the production of paper, book printing, firearms and tools led to a manufacturing superpower whose goods were transported throughout the world by the most advanced navigational system. Moreover, banking, a stable paper money economy, excellent manufacturing and high agricultural yields resulted in China’s per capita income surpassing that of Great Britain until about 1800.

直到1800年左右，西方历史学家一直歪曲和忽视中国在世界经济中的主导地位。有大量的经验数据证明，在那几千年的相当大部分时间里，中国在经济和技术上都优于西方文明。考虑到中国在大约1800年之前一直是世界上最先进的技术强国，特别重要的是要强调这是使西方的出现成为可能的原因。只有通过复制和吸收中国的创新和中国更先进的技术，西方才能够过渡到现代资本主义和帝国主义经济。在此之前，中国一直是世界上最大的贸易国，贸易范围遍及南亚、非洲、中东和欧洲的大部分地区。中国在纸张、书籍印刷、火器和工具生产方面的创新，使其成为一个制造业超级大国，其商品通过最先进的导航系统运往世界各地。此外，银行业、稳定的纸币经济、优秀的制造业和高农业产量使中国的人均收入在1800年左右超过了英国。
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Not only this but, as James Petras pointed out, “… the majority of western economic historians have presented historical China as a stagnant, backward, parochial society, an “oriental despotism”.” China was never thus. During the 13th century, Marco Polo described China as vastly wealthier and more advanced than any European country, and leading European philosophers such as Voltaire looked to Chinese society as an intellectual exemplar, the British notably using China as their model for establishing a meritocratic civil service.[3]

不仅如此，正如詹姆斯·佩特拉斯(James Petras)所指出的那样，“……大多数西方经济史学家把历史上的中国描绘成一个停滞、落后、狭隘的社会，一个‘东方专制主义’。”中国从来就不是这样的。在13世纪，马可·波罗将中国描述为比任何欧洲国家都要富裕和先进得多，伏尔泰等欧洲著名哲学家将中国社会视为知识典范，英国人以中国为榜样，建立了精英管理的公务员制度

A first thought when reviewing this research is that the world must have seemed very primitive to China 500 years ago, truly “third world” at the time. When Zhang He and others conducted their voyages of exploration, they must have been disappointed in what they found. The rest of the world had no paper or printing, no mathematics, no science, little medicine of note, almost no metallurgy to speak of, a most primitive agriculture, no manufactures of any worthy kind, no porcelain, no spinning wheels or weaving looms to make clothing. From reviewing the history of Chinese invention, one develops an increasingly strong feeling the Chinese looked at the world and found nothing of interest in all those societies that were centuries, and in some cases millennia, behind China in almost every way. One can easily theorise this is the reason China closed itself off from the world at that time, concluding that other nations were so backward that little would be gained from prolonged contact. One can imagine they returned home and closed the door, perhaps planning to return in another 500 years to see if things had progressed. With the addition of detail, this is most likely how events transpired.

在回顾这项研究时，第一个想法是，500年前的世界对中国来说一定很原始，当时是真正的“第三世界”。当郑和等人进行他们的探险航行时，他们一定对他们所发现的感到失望。世界其他地方没有造纸和印刷术，没有数学，没有科学，没有什么值得注意的医学，几乎没有冶金，最原始的农业，没有任何有价值的制造业，没有瓷器，没有纺车或织布机来制作服装。回顾中国发明的历史，人们会有一种越来越强烈的感觉，中国人在看世界的时候，对那些几乎在各方面都落后中国几个世纪、甚至几千年的社会没有任何兴趣。人们可以很容易地推断，这就是中国当时闭关锁国的原因，并得出结论说，其他国家是如此落后，长期接触不会有什么好处。人们可以想象，他们回到家，关上了门，也许是打算再过500年再回来看看事情有没有进展。再加上一些细节，这很可能就是事件发生的过程。

What China didn’t expect, was the West stealing all these ideas, turning them into weapons of colonisation and war, returning to the nation that was the source of that knowledge, and invading it to colonise, to steal resources, and to enslave and massacre the population. China’s interest was always only exploration and trade. The Chinese were never expansionist or warlike, wanting only to protect their own borders from invasion from the North. China was quite unprepared for the violent nature and savage brutality of the White man who sailed the world, invoking his God’s blessing on his countless atrocities. Coupled with a weak domestic government and the inventiveness of the Baghdad Jews in using opium to reap billions while enslaving a nation under the protection of the British military, we have the severe downward swing for 200 years.

中国没有想到的是，西方窃取了所有这些思想，把它们变成了殖民和战争的武器，回到知识的来源，入侵它，殖民，窃取资源，奴役和屠杀人民。中国的兴趣一直只是勘探和贸易。中国人从来没有扩张主义或好战，只是想保护自己的边界不受北方的入侵。中国对白人的暴力本性和野蛮暴行毫无准备，白人在世界各地航行，祈求上帝保佑他犯下无数暴行。再加上软弱的国内政府和巴格达犹太人利用鸦片获取数十亿美元，同时在英国军队的保护下奴役一个国家，中国才有了200年的走下坡路的趋势。

Two Great Historical Tragedies

两个历史悲剧

The above summary doesn’t even begin to adequately catalog of the extent of Chinese invention, of the sum of China’s discoveries and contributions to the modern world. But unfortunately, much of China’s total sum of knowledge and history of invention is lost to the world forever. A large part of the recorded knowledge of China’s history was destroyed in one of the greatest acts of cultural genocide in the history of the world – the looting and burning of China’s Summer Palace, the Yuanmingyuan, which contained more than ten million of the finest and most valuable historical treasures and scholarly works from 5,000 years of Chinese history. What could not be looted was destroyed, and the entire massive palace burned to the ground. This wanton theft and utter destruction of one of the world’s greatest collections of historical knowledge was engineered by the Rothschilds and Sassoons in retaliation for Chinese resistance to their opium.[4][5]

上面的总结甚至没有开始充分地给中国发明进行分类，以及给予中国的发现和对现代世界的贡献的进行统计。但不幸的是，中国的知识领域的总和和发明历史的很大一部分对这个世界来说永远地消失了。在世界历史上最大规模的文化种族灭绝行为之一——圆明园被洗劫和烧毁中，有记载的中国历史知识的很大一部分被毁。圆明园蕴藏着中国5000年历史上最精美、最珍贵的历史宝藏和学术著作，超过1000万件。不能被掠夺的东西都被摧毁了，整个巨大的宫殿都被烧毁了。这种对世界上最伟大的历史知识收藏之一的肆意盗窃和彻底破坏，是罗斯柴尔德家族和沙逊家族策划的，目的是报复中国人抵制他们的鸦片

This is an aside, but the destruction of the Yuanmingyuan was done for the same reason that the Allies bombed Dresden to rubble during the Second World War. Dresden had no military value but it was the spiritual and cultural heart of Germany, its destruction meant “to open a wound in the German soul that would never heal”. For precisely the same reason, the American ‘deep state’ was savagely determined to drop the first atomic bomb on Kyoto, also the heart and soul of Japanese culture. Kyoto was protected by Providence, with heavy overcasts of clouds that preventing the bombers from locating it with sufficient accuracy, forcing them to their alternates of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

这是题外话，圆明园被毁的原因和二战期间盟军将德累斯顿炸成废墟的原因是一样的。德累斯顿没有军事价值，但它是德国的精神和文化中心，它的毁灭意味着“在德国灵魂上撕开一个永远无法愈合的伤口”。正是出于同样的原因，美国的“深层政府”（译者注：由政客、军工、金融、财团、情报机构组成的既得利益集团）野蛮地决定向京都投下第一颗原子弹，而京都也是日本文化的核心和灵魂。京都受到天意的保护，浓重的阴云使轰炸机无法足够准确地定位它，迫使他们前往广岛和长崎。

But in terms of the destruction of a literary recording of culture and invention, there was perhaps an even greater crime against the history of Chinese knowledge – the destruction of the library and the Yongle Dadian at the Hanlin Academy.[6] That encyclopedia of 22,000 volumes written by more than 2,000 scholars over many years, contained much of the total of 5,000 years of Chinese knowledge, invention and thought. The British carried all those books outdoors, poured fuel on them, and burnt the entire collection to ashes. Only God knows what was lost in this tragic destruction, ordered by the same drug dealers as punishment for refusing opium, meant to break China’s will by striking at the very heart of the nation’s culture in the wanton destruction of something of such inestimable value as to leave an open wound that would never heal. Only about 150 volumes survived the incineration, 40 those residing today in the US Library of Congress, which has no intention of returning them to China.

但是，说到对文化和发明的确实的文字记录的破坏，也许还有对中国知识史更大的罪行——翰林院图书馆和永乐大典的破坏。这部由2000多位学者历时多年撰写的2.2万卷的百科全书，包含了中国5000年的知识、发明和思想的大部分。英国人把所有这些书搬到户外，倒上燃料，把所有的书都烧成了灰烬。只有上帝知道在这场悲剧性的破坏中失去了什么，同样是毒贩下令对拒绝鸦片的惩罚，意在通过肆意破坏国家文化的核心，破坏价值不可估量的东西，留下一个永远无法愈合的伤口，从而打破中国的意志。只有大约150卷幸免于焚毁，其中40卷保存在美国国会图书馆(US Library of Congress)，该图书馆不打算将它们归还中国。
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Darwinism at its Finest

达尔文主义的巅峰

Westerners today justify their unacknowledged appropriation of Chinese knowledge and subsequent claims to ownership on some variant of the proposition that the Chinese invented those things, but never developed or capitalised on them, but the claim is invalid self-serving nonsense since my invention is mine whether or not I choose to develop it. The claim is also untrue.

今天，西方人为他们未经承认的对中国知识的盗用和随后的所有权主张辩护，理由是中国人发明了那些东西，但从未开发或利用它们，但这种主张是无效的、自私的无稽之谈，因为无论我是否选择开发它，我的发明都是我的。这种说法也是不真实的。

When the Chinese invented paper and printing, books became widespread throughout China, as with the weaving of cloth and development of textiles. China employed its inventions in unlimited ways for the benefit of Chinese society. What they did not do is file patents, convert everything to privately-owned IP, and transfer their ingenuity from social benefit to private profit. Criticisms of China’s use of its inventions are not so much negating a lack of application but the absence of commercialisation, these Western justifications implying that any nation not immediately striving for profit maximisation of its discoveries is morally negligent, the theft of those discoveries then justified by those who would use them more properly. This is the bank robber taking the high moral ground by claiming he put the money to better use than the bank would have done.

当中国人发明了造纸术和印刷术后，随着布料的织造和纺织品的发展，书籍在中国广泛传播。中国以无限的方式利用其发明造福中国社会。他们没有做的是申请专利，把所有东西都转化为私有知识产权，把他们的创造力从社会效益转化为私人利润。对中国使用其发明的批评与其说是对技术缺乏应用的批评，不如说是对其缺乏商业化的否定。西方的这些理由暗示，任何不立即努力将发明的利润最大化的国家都是道德上的疏忽，窃取这些发现的行为会被那些更合理地使用这些发明的人视为正当。这是银行抢劫犯站在道德高地上，声称他把钱用在了比银行更好的地方。

To have foregone private commercialisation was neither a character flaw nor a behavioral fault, but a reflection of the pluralistic and socialistic nature of the Chinese people, the same reason that even today China’s patent and IP laws and regulations are so much less aggressive than those of the US. Put simply, China has never been as capitalistic or as individualistic as the West. It is part of the greatness of the Chinese nation that this immense population engaged in millennia of stunning research, discovery and invention and freely distributed those fruits throughout the nation. This emphasis on the greater good and overall benefit to society rather than individual profit, is fundamental to the natural humanity of the Chinese people, and cannot be permitted to be destroyed by the sociopathic Western model so forcefully promoted today on the basis of a fictitious moral superiority.

放弃私人商业化既不是性格上的缺陷，也不是行为上的错误，而是中国人多元化和社会主义本质的反映，这也是为什么即使在今天，中国的专利和知识产权法律法规也远不如美国那么激进的原因。简而言之，中国从来没有像西方那样资本主义或个人主义。中华民族的伟大之处在于，这个庞大的人口从事了数千年令人惊叹的研究、发现和发明，并将这些成果自由地分布在全国各地。这种着重于社会更大的利益和整体利益，而不是个人利益，是中国人自然人文主义的根本，不能让今天基于虚构的道德优越感而大力推广的反社会的西方模式将它破坏。

The West chooses to ignore the fact that the 200-year hiatus in China’s innovation was due almost entirely to their own military invasions, when the West was ravaging and destroying the nation. China’s development, social progress, and invention, ceased only from the invasions by both the Americans and Europeans, and most especially with the Jews’ vast program of trafficking in opium in China.

西方选择忽视这样一个事实，即中国200年的创新停滞几乎完全是由于他们的军事入侵，当时西方正在蹂躏和摧毁这个国家。中国的发展、社会进步和发明只是由于美国人和欧洲人的入侵而停止的，尤其是由于犹太人在中国贩卖鸦片的大规模计划。

Perhaps of more direct interest is that China’s lag in current technology is, more than anything else, an unfortunate accident of fate that occurred during a blip in time. After Mao evicted all the foreigners and China shook off the effects of 200 years of foreign interference and plundering to begin the transition to an industrialised economy, this was precisely when the world of electronics and communication exploded. It was during that brief period of a couple of decades that computers, the Internet, mobile phones and so much more, were conceived and patented by the West. Virtually the entire process passed China by, because during that brief period the nation was entirely enveloped in the fundamentals of its economic and social revolution, and in no position to participate. China’s lack of patents and IP in the field of electronics today is due neither to Western superiority nor Chinese lack of innovation, but to Western aggression. The accumulation of American and European patents was in no way due to Western supremacy in innovation but to the absence of the Chinese.

或许更直接的利益是中国在当前技术上的落后十分紧要，这是发生在动荡期注定的不走运的意外事故。在毛驱逐了所有外国人，中国摆脱了200年外国干涉和掠夺的影响，开始向工业化经济转型之后，正是电子和通信世界爆发的时候。正是在这短短几十年的时间里，计算机、互联网、移动电话以及其他很多东西都被西方构想出来并申请了专利。实际上，整个过程都与中国擦肩而过，因为在这段短暂的时间里，中国完全沉浸在经济和社会革命的基础之中，无法参与其中。今天中国在电子领域缺乏专利和知识产权，既不是由于西方的优势，也不是由于中国缺乏创新，而是由于西方的侵略。美国和欧洲专利的积累绝不是因为西方在创新方面的优势，而是因为中国在那段时间的缺席。
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The Present and the Future

今天与未来
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China’s Inventiveness has not ended. With China recovering and once again taking its rightful place in the world, it is continuing where it left off 200 years ago. Ignoring the historical setback, Chinese companies are simply by-passing the earlier stages of innovation by foreign firms and proceeding to subsequent stages where the field is open and foreign patents have not precluded innovation and development.

中国的发明创造并未结束。随着中国经济的复苏，并再次在世界上获得应有的地位，它正在继续200年前停下的脚步。中国企业没有把历史上的挫折放在眼里，直接绕过了外国企业创新的早期阶段，进入了领域开放、外国专利没有阻碍创新和发展的后续阶段。

If we examine the fields where China lags today in terms of patents and IP, it is primarily in those areas of science that progressed during that brief period where China was unable to participate. As soon as China found its footing, innovation continued unabated as it had for thousands of years. China missed the computer and Smartphone patents, but was perfectly timed for the solar panel revolution and quickly emerged as the world leader – at which point the US imposed tariffs of 300% on Chinese solar panels in an attempt not so much to kill China’s export sales but to prevent the accumulation of funds for further R&D. In any area not pre-empted by IP restriction, China’s innovation has soared – usually to world leadership.

如果我们审视中国在专利和知识产权方面落后的领域，主要是那些在中国无法参与的那段时期取得进步的科学领域。中国一站稳脚跟，创新就一如既往地持续了几千年。中国错过了电脑和智能手机的专利，但赶上了太阳能电池板革命的完美时机，并迅速成为世界领导者——当时美国对中国太阳能电池板征收了300%的关税，目的不是为了扼杀中国的出口销售，而是为了阻止进一步研发的资金积累。在任何没有受到知识产权限制的领域，中国的创新都在飙升——通常达到世界领先水平。

Despite US accusations of China copying foreign technology, China’s high-technology achievements were entirely home-grown because the US has been so determined to hinder China’s rise that by 1950 it engineered an international embargo on all scientific knowledge and on almost all useful products and processes to China, including legislation that Chinese scientists cannot be invited to, or participate in, American scientific forums, while bullying other Western nations into doing the same. In October of 2019, all Chinese scientists and space technology companies were denied visas to attend the weeklong International Astronautical Congress in Washington, far from the first time such has occurred.

尽管美国指责中国抄袭外国技术，但中国的高科技成就完全是自主发展的，因为美国一直决心阻碍中国的崛起，到1950年，它策划了一项国际禁运，禁止向中国提供所有科学知识和几乎所有有用的产品和工艺，包括立法禁止中国科学家参加或参加美国的科学论坛，同时胁迫其他西方国家也这样做。2019年10月，所有中国科学家和空间技术公司都被拒签，无法参加在华盛顿举行的为期一周的国际宇航大会，这远非第一次发生这种情况。

We hear much in the Western media about China demanding technology transfers as a condition of corporate residence in China, but this is mostly propaganda. No doubt expectations for technology and knowhow transfer do occur, since China doesn’t want to spend the rest of its life making toasters and running shoes but, since entry to the Chinese market is a gift of billions in profits, it is perfectly sensible to attach a price to it. However, one must keep in mind that no foreign company is conducting cutting-edge commercial or sensitive military research, or manufacturing quantum computers and hypersonic missiles in China. Any technology actually available for transfer would be almost entirely in consumer goods, and hardly constitute great value or threats to US ‘national security’. And, in virtually all of the cutting-edge fields and industries such as quantum computing, 5-G telecom or solar energy, China has already surpassed the US.

我们在西方媒体上经常听到中国要求技术转让作为企业在华居留的条件，但这主要是宣传。毫无疑问，对技术和专有技术转让的期望确实存在，因为中国不想把余生都花在制造烤面包机和跑鞋上，但由于进入中国市场是一份数十亿美元利润的礼物，因此给它定价是非常明智的。然而，我们必须记住，没有任何外国公司在中国进行尖端商业或敏感军事研究，或制造量子计算机和高超音速导弹。任何实际可以转让的技术几乎都是消费品，几乎不会对美国的“国家安全”构成重大价值或威胁。而且，在量子计算、5g电信或太阳能等几乎所有前沿领域和行业，中国都已经超过了美国。

A Brief List of Recent Chinese Innovation

中国近期技术革新的大致列表

In 2015, Chinese engineers announced the world’s first quantum communications network, a 2,000 kilometer system lixing Beijing and Shanghai with data transmission encoded by quantum key distribution. In August of 2016 China launched the world’s first quantum communications satellite, and succeeded in test communication with the country’s existing ground stations. In September of 2016, Chinese scientists achieved the world’s first quantum teleportation between independent sources, delivering quantum information enciphered in photons between two locations.

2015年，中国工程师宣布了世界上第一个量子通信网络，一个连接北京和上海的2000公里长的系统，通过量子密钥分发编码数据传输。2016年8月，中国发射了世界上第一颗量子通信卫星，并成功与国内现有地面站进行了通信测试。2016年9月，中国科学家实现了世界上第一个独立源之间的量子隐形传态，在两个位置之间传递以光子加密的量子信息。
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In 2014, researchers at Nankai University in Tianjin developed a car with a working brain-control unit, with sensors that capture brain signals permitting humans to control the automobile with their minds. In 2016 China launched a fully-operational space lab to conduct the first ever brain-machine interaction experiments in space. Chinese scientists believe brain-computer interaction will eventually be the highest form of human-machine communication, having developed this process much farther than any Western nation and holding nearly 100 patents.

2014年，天津南开大学的研究人员开发了一款带有大脑控制单元的汽车，传感器可以捕捉大脑信号，使人类能够用意念控制汽车。2016年，中国发射了一个全面运行的空间实验室，首次在太空进行脑机交互实验。中国科学家相信，脑机交互最终将成为人机交流的最高形式，中国在这方面的发展远远超过任何西方国家，并拥有近100项专利。

In 2015, high school students from Tianjin won an International gold medal for the creation of a microbe biological battery. Such attempts in the past have failed due to poor performance and limited usefulness, but these students conceived the idea of combining several types of bacteria into one biological power cell, with each bacterium having specialised responsibilities based on its own unique functions. Their tiny multi-bacteria cell reached over 520 mV, and lasted over 80 hours. Scaled up, their biological battery was able to generate as much power as a lithium battery, with a much longer life and producing no pollution. These are Chinese high school kids.

2015年，天津高中生因发明微生物生物电池获得国际金奖。这种尝试在过去由于性能差和用途有限而失败，但这些学生想出了将几种细菌组合成一个生物能量电池的想法，每种细菌根据自己的独特功能具有专门的职责。他们微小的多细菌细胞达到了超过520毫伏，并持续了80多个小时。扩大规模后，他们的生物电池能够产生与锂电池一样多的电量，寿命更长，而且不会产生污染。这些是中国的高中生。

In 2015 Chinese scientists succeeded in modifying a human embryo to permit the changes to persist through future generations, something that had never been accomplished before, to alter human DNA for removal of dangerous or undesired genes from future generations. Chinese researchers are developing the technology and processes to make 3D-printed skin a reality, custom-made skin for burn patients, printed according to their wounds. The country leads the world in cat-scan technology, in DNA mapping and synthesising, and many medical fields such as laser eye surgery and cornea transplants.

2015年，中国科学家成功地修改了人类胚胎，使这些变化能够延续到后代，这是以前从未完成的事情，改变人类DNA，从后代中去除危险或不受欢迎的基因。中国研究人员正在开发技术和工艺，使3d打印皮肤成为现实，为烧伤患者定制皮肤，根据他们的伤口打印。该国在猫扫描技术、DNA测绘和合成技术以及激光眼科手术和角膜移植等许多医学领域处于世界领先地位。

In May of 2019, a Chinese start-up launched a revolutionary AI chip with the computing power of eight NVIDIA P4 servers but up to five times faster, with half the size and 20% of the energy consumption, and costing 50% less to manufacture. Shanghai’s Fudan University developed a transistor based on two-dimensional molybdic sulfide, meaning computing and data storage happen together in a single cell, perhaps eliminating silicon-based chips which are at their limit. DJI Technology, founded by a Chinese university student, has become in only a few years the global market leader in small consumer drones, and already attracting American sanctions for being too successful in an area the US wants to control. The country produces nearly 40% of the world’s robots, with vastly improved core technologies, and is the world leader in 5-G technology.

2019年5月，一家中国初创企业推出了一款革命性的人工智能芯片，其计算能力相当于8台NVIDIA P4服务器，但速度高达5倍，体积减半，能耗降低20%，制造成本降低50%。上海复旦大学开发了一种基于二维硫化钼的晶体管，这意味着计算和数据存储同时发生在一个单元中，可能会消除硅基芯片的极限。由一名中国大学生创立的大疆科技(DJI Technology)在短短几年内就成为全球小型消费无人机市场的领导者，并已因在美国希望控制的领域过于成功而招致美国的制裁。中国生产了世界上近40%的机器人，核心技术得到了极大的改进，是5g技术的世界领导者。

Chinese engineers created a supercomputer seven times faster than America’s Oak Ridge installation, the first in the world to achieve speeds beyond 100 PetaFlops, powered by a Chinese-developed multi-core CPU and Chinese software, while displacing the US with the most supercomputers in the top 500. Upon the revelation of China’s super-fast supercomputer, authorities reported the NSA had launched hundreds of thousands of hacking attacks, looking to steal the technology for China’s new microprocessors.

中国工程师创造了一台超级计算机，其速度是美国橡树岭超级计算机的7倍，是世界上第一台速度超过100 PetaFlops的超级计算机，由中国开发的多核CPU和中国软件驱动，同时取代美国，成为500强超级计算机中数量最多的国家。中国超高速超级计算机曝光后，有关部门报告称，美国国家安全局发起了数十万次黑客攻击，试图窃取中国新型微处理器的技术。

China’s megaproject engineering skills are already legendary, with the longest sea bridges, the longest tunnels, the largest deep-water ports. China has built the world’s longest and highest glass bridge in Zhangjiajie, hanging between two steep cliffs 300 meters above the ground, and which set 10 world records spanning its design and construction. The Three Gorges Dam is the world’s largest, with 5-tier ship locks which can contain the world’s largest ships, and also a shiplift for smaller vessels which is the largest and most sophisticated in the world. China has formulated plans to build an electron collider, four times as long (100 Kms) and operating at more than seven times the energy capacity of the European CERN. In 2015, Chinese scientists completed the 500-meter radio telescope, by far the largest in the world with more than ten times the area of the American installation in Puerto Rico.

中国的大型工程技术已经是传奇，拥有最长的跨海大桥，最长的隧道，最大的深水港。中国在张家界建造了世界上最长、最高的玻璃桥，悬挂在距离地面300米的两座陡峭的悬崖之间，在设计和建造方面创造了10项世界纪录。三峡大坝是世界上最大的大坝，有5层船闸，可以容纳世界上最大的船只，也有世界上最大和最复杂的小型船只升船机。中国已经制定了建造电子对撞机的计划，它的长度是欧洲核子研究中心的4倍(100公里)，运行的能量是欧洲核子研究中心的7倍多。2015年，中国科学家建成了500米射电望远镜，是目前世界上最大的射电望远镜，面积是美国在波多黎各的十倍多。

In 2014, architects in Amsterdam began work on what was to be the world’s first completely 3D-printed house, a costly enterprise requiring three years. At exactly the same time in Shanghai, a Chinese company completed ten 3D-printed houses in less than a day, at a cost of less than $5,000 each, using recycled construction and industrial scrap as the ‘ink’. I have seen these homes; large, elegant, multi-story European-styled structures, and so sturdy they can withstand earthquakes up to level 8 on the Richter scale.

2014年，阿姆斯特丹的建筑师开始建造世界上第一座完全3d打印的房子，这是一项耗时三年的昂贵工程。与此同时，在上海，一家中国公司用回收的建筑和工业废料作为“墨水”，在不到一天的时间内完成了10座3d打印房屋，每栋成本不到5000美元。我见过这些房子;大型、优雅的多层欧式建筑，坚固耐用，可以承受里氏8级的地震。

We know about China’s fabulous high-speed trains, but few outside China are aware of the intense high quality of the HSR network, built with the highest standards in the modern world, including stability. When traveling by train I sometimes place a coin on its edge on the windowsill, and I have video of the coin remaining stable for four or five minutes before it finally falls over – and this is at 300 Kms per hour. Shanghai has a high-speed Maglev train (430 Kms/hr), while many cities have low-speed Maglevs (200 Kms/hr), and Chinese engineers are ready to produce commercially a 600 Km/hr Maglev. The same pace of development is true of the nation’s urban subway systems. I have lost the source for these figures, but the city of London needed 147 years to build 408 Kms. of subway lines, New York City 106 years for 370 Kms., Paris 110 years for 215 Kms, while Shanghai needed only 20 years to build 500 Kms.

我们都知道中国的高铁，但在中国以外很少有人知道高铁网络的高质量，它是现代世界最高标准建造的，包括稳定性。坐火车旅行时，我有时会把一枚硬币放在窗台上，我有一段视频，视频中这枚硬币在以每小时300公里的速度摔倒之前保持了四五分钟的稳定。上海拥有高速磁悬浮列车(430公里/小时)，而许多城市拥有低速磁悬浮列车(200公里/小时)，中国工程师已经准备好商业化生产时速600公里的磁悬浮列车。同样的发展速度也适用于全国的城市地铁系统。我失去了这些数字的来源，但伦敦市需要147年才能建造408公里。纽约市的370公里，106年。巴黎110年修了215公里，上海只用了20年就修了500公里。

It has escaped attention that these achievements were not sudden, but developed from a deliberate plan in execution for 30 years, though it is only recently that many of these efforts are bearing fruit. More importantly, China accomplished this from a third-world industrial base while under a total Western embargo on technology transfer. Chinese scientists have developed nuclear energy plants, put men into space, photographed the entire surface of the moon, built a space station, designed and launched a private GPS system. We have Chinese-designed and built deep-sea submersibles, and the country is rapidly developing its own aircraft industry. Today, with its science and technological base so much more advanced, and with education spending increasing at nearly 10% per year, and very high R&D expenditures, invention and innovation can only increase.

人们没有注意到，这些成就并非突然而来，而是在30年的执行过程中经过深思熟虑而形成的，尽管其中许多努力直到最近才有了成果。更重要的是，中国是在西方全面禁止技术转让的情况下，从第三世界的工业基地实现这一目标的。中国科学家已经开发了核能工厂，将人送入太空，拍摄了月球的整个表面，建造了空间站，设计并发射了一个私人GPS系统。我们拥有自主设计和建造的深海潜水器，中国正在迅速发展自己的飞机工业。今天，中国的科学技术基础更加先进，教育支出每年增长近10%，研发支出非常高，发明和创新只会越来越多。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


A Closing Note

结语

One of the most persistent myths propagated about China, a claim without a shred of supporting evidence, is that Chinese lack creativity and innovation due to flaws in their educational system. We have seen the accusations hundreds of times: China’s educational system teaches only rote memory while stifling innovation, the Chinese unable to conceptualise or innovate, knowing only how to achieve high test scores but not how to think. Here is Carly Fiorina speaking, the former CEO of H-P: “I’ve been doing business in China for decades, and I will tell you that yeah, the Chinese can take a test, but what they can’t do is innovate. They’re not terribly imaginative. They’re not entrepreneurial. They don’t innovate. That’s why they’re stealing our intellectual property … innovation and entrepreneurship are not their strong suits. Their society, as well as their educational system, is too homogenized and controlled to encourage imagination …”[7] The claim is complete rubbish for more reasons than I have room to account here.

关于中国流传最久的神话之一是，由于教育体系的缺陷，中国人缺乏创造力和创新能力，这种说法没有任何证据支持。我们已经看到了数百次这样的指责:中国的教育体系只教授死记硬背，而扼杀创新，中国人无法概念化或创新，只知道如何获得高分，而不知道如何思考。惠普前首席执行官卡莉·菲奥莉娜说:“我在中国做生意几十年了，我可以告诉你，是的，中国人可以考试，但他们不能创新。他们不是很有想象力。他们没有企业家精神。他们不创新。这就是为什么他们窃取我们的知识产权……创新和创业不是他们的强项。他们的社会，以及他们的教育系统，太同质化和控制，鼓励想象力……”[7]这种说法在完全是垃圾，可以反驳的理由一大堆这里篇幅所限就不展开了。

In 2015, Eva Dou reported in the Wall Street Journal of a study by McKinsey who claimed that China had made all the “easy” innovations, like making products better and cheaper, but that “the country has limited success stories in ‘more challenging’ types of innovation that rely on scientific or engineering breakthroughs.” McKinsey’s conclusions are not supported by the evidence listed here.[8]

2015年，伊娃·窦(Eva Dou)在《华尔街日报》(Wall Street Journal)上报道了麦肯锡(McKinsey)的一项研究，该研究声称，中国已经完成了所有“简单”的创新，比如让产品变得更好、更便宜，但“中国在依赖科学或工程突破的‘更具挑战性’创新类型上的成功故事有限。”这里列出的证据并不支持麦肯锡的结论。

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Larry Romanoff is a frequent contributor to Global Research.

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拉里·罗曼诺夫(Larry Romanoff)是《全球研究》(Global Research)的活跃的撰稿人。

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