美国人分享：美国文化和美国社会在这二十年中发生了哪些变化？

vashtaneradalibrary
Office dress codes have gotten much more casual.
 
办公室的着装远比从前随意了。
 
I always tell people this story: when I got out of the Army, my dad (who is very old school) offered to buy me some suits as I was moving into the private sector, partially as a gift and partially just to help me out. I basically told him "I appreciate the gesture, but save your money, because hardly anyone wears suits to work anymore".
And bear in mind this was before COVID and working from home.
 
（回）我总是会给别人讲这个故事：我离开军队的时候，我父亲（他非常老派）主动提出要给我买几套西装，因为当时我准备进私营企业，部分原因是作为礼物，还有部分原因只是为了拉我一把。基本上我是这么告诉他的：“你的好意我心领了，但你还是省下这笔钱吧，因为现在几乎没有人穿西装上班了”。
请记住，这是在新冠爆发以及居家办公之前。
 
It also has changed to where if you do want to wear suits, you have a lot more freedom to wear it in different ways.
 
（回）而且还有一点也变了，如果你确实想穿西装，你在穿着方式上拥有了远比之前多的自由。
 
Yep and I love it. Anime shirts with jeans and running shoes is my go to outfit for the office. People have finally started waking up to the fact that if you are comfortable you will perform better.

（回）是的，我喜欢这样的变化。动漫主题的衬衫搭配牛仔裤和跑鞋，是我进办公室的首选装备。人们终于开始意识到这样一个事实：如果你的着装让你感觉舒服，你的表现就会更好。
 
Thank goodness. When I was first starting out in the work world, I decided my dream job would let me wear jeans EVERY DAY. And here we are! Granted I am not in banking or law so those are still more formal overall. One of our IT guys recalled wearing a dress shirt and tie in the early days as they built PCs and mucked about in the server rooms. Such a different world.
 
（回）谢天谢地。刚投身职场的时候，我曾认定，我梦想中的工作要允许我每天都穿牛仔裤。而现在这种风潮居然就来了！我也不属于银行业或法律界，总体上看那些工作还是比较正式的。我们这儿的一个IT员工曾回忆说，早些年的时候，他们在安装电脑以及在服务器机房里混日子的时候，都得穿着传统的男式衬衫，打着领带。世界真是大变样了。
 
My mother was absolutely stunned that I landed a solid career with tattoos, piercings in my face, and dyed hair.
 
（回）当我妈发现，我纹着身、脸上打着洞、染了发都能找到一份稳定的工作时，她都惊呆了
 
My first day at a tech company I was told "we don't wear [ties] here
 
（回）我在一家科技类公司上班的第一天，有人告诉我说，“我们这儿都是不打领带的”
 
Nonotcraig
We take our own opinions really, really seriously. Might be a result of how permanent they can be on social media, but it feels like the art of not giving a shit is long gone.
 
我们极为看重自己的观点。也许这是个人观点在社交媒体上存在感超强带来的结果，但感觉上“不屑一顾”的艺术早就绝迹了。
 
People get attacked for attempting to not have an opinion. "With us or against us" seems way more common.
 
（回）人们会因为试图不去持有某种观点而受到人身攻击。貌似更常见的心态是“不站我们，就是反对我们”
 
Or even having a nuanced opinion is tantamount to being hitler.
 
（回）连抱持一种微妙的（不搞二分法的）观点，都会被等同于希特勒。
 
FUCK YOU FENCE SITTER!
 
（回）骑墙派都去死吧！
（译注：这里指不选边也不搞对抗的群体）
 
As a fence sitter, I get attacked and cajoled at the same time by both sides...let me knit in peace and avoid them all
 
（回）作为一个骑墙派，我同时遭受了来自双方的攻击和勾引…我就想安安静静地打毛衣，避开他们所有人。
 
Yes. Everything we do and say is analyzed under a microscope. We are expected to know everything that people may find offensive. No one is allowed to make mistakes, learn and grow from them, and move on anymore. I think this is incredibly psychologically damaging.
 
（回）是的。我们的一言一行都被拿到显微镜下分析。社会期待我们去熟习所有可能会让别人感觉被冒犯的东西。任何人都不允许犯错，也不允许他们从错误中学习、成长并继续前进。我认为这在心理层面上是一种严重的伤害。
 
ladyorthetiger0
Cigarettes have become a lot less cool.
 
抽烟已经不那么酷了。
 
Smoking went from "the cool thing to do" to "Oh I should avoid that maybe" to "Oh my god how dare you bring that shit within a radius of me"
 
（回）抽烟从“很酷的事情”变成了“哦，也许我不应该碰烟”，后来又变成了“老天啊，你居然敢把那玩意儿带进我的半径范围内”
 
Not true. Studies show that smoking cigarettes still makes someone look 34% cooler.
 
（回）不属实。各种研究表明，抽烟仍然能让一个人变酷34%。
 
Yeah but that's way down from the 90s. It made you look 59% cooler in 1998 when I first started smoking.
 
（回）是啊，可是和九十年代相比，这个数字已经下降很多了。在我刚开始抽烟的98年，抽烟会让你变酷59%。
 
You have to have greased back hair and be wearing jeans and a white cotton t-shirt to look cool smoking.
 
（回）你要是想给别人抽烟很酷的观感，就必须是油光水滑的大背头，还得穿上牛仔裤和全棉的白色T恤。
 
tyleratx
Rock being fully supplanted by hip hop/r&b as the mainstream top pick
Broad acceptance of gay culture.
More mainstream focus on healthy eating.
 
摇滚乐完全被嘻哈/R&B取代了，成了主流的首选。
对同性恋文化的广泛接受。
关注健康饮食变得更加主流了。
 
Id actually argue that hip hop is mainstream now because of technological advances in the recording industry and with computers. Music eras are defined by the technology available to artists at the time and now you can record and produce whole songs or albums without knowing how to play an instrument. As long as you have a laptop and a program, many of which you can get free versions of, you can make anything. You dont need to shred at guitar or have a million dollar studio setup, just knowledge of music theory and a solid computer
 
（回）我的主张其实是：由于唱片业和计算机的技术进步，现在的主流是嘻哈。音乐时代是由当时的艺术家可用的技术手段来定义的，现如今，你可以在不会演奏乐器的情况下录制和制作整首歌或整张专辑。只要你有一台笔记本电脑和一个程序，其中很多都是你可以免费得到的版本，你可以做任何事情。你不需要精通吉他，也不需要有一百万美元的录音室设备，只要了解音乐理论，同时拥有一台过硬的电脑就可以了。
 
Also more mainstream focus on healthy bodies. The heroine chic super models of the 90s and early 2000s have definitely fallen out of fashion.
 
（回）还有就是关注健康的身体变得更主流了。九十年代和零零年代初的那种女英雄路子的时髦超模无疑已经落伍了。
 
Lol there is not and never will be a focus on healthy bodies. The fashion right now is just to have a big butt, whereas before it was to be tall and thin, neither of those body types are a direct indicator of health. Body types are just treated as fashion trends with no regard for health.
 
（回）呵呵，关注健康的身体？不存在的，将来也绝对不会。如今的时尚很简单，那就是拥有一方巨腚，而以前则是又高又瘦，这两种体型都不是健康的正向指标。只是把体型当成了时尚潮流，这其中是不考虑健康的。
 
Aceofkings9
-We had another huge wave of Asian cultural stuff hit. The amount of Asian restaurants has increased exponentially basically everywhere. Anime is actually mainstream. We had one go in the 80s and 90s, but the 10s definitely marked a resurgence.
-It is now possible to find good vegan food that doesn’t have the gross hippie connotations and meat consumption is definitely lower.
-When I was little, the r word was insanely common. Now I never hear it at all, really.
 
-我们迎来了另一波亚洲文化产品的巨大冲击。亚洲餐馆的数量指数级增长，基本上已经无处不在了。动漫其实已经是主流事物了。我们在八九十年代经历过一波，但一零年代标志着一次复苏，这是毫无疑问的。
-现在是有可能找到高品质素食的，而且剥离了让人恶心的嬉皮士意味，肉类消费量绝对是降低了。
-在我小的时候，r打头的那个词（即retard，弱智）是很常见的。而现在我根本听不到这个词了，真的。
 
"fuck" is now more socially acceptable than the r word. Kinda weird because growing up you could call people that all day long in school and nobody cared. Dropped an f bomb? Going to the principals office bucko
 
（回）现在，“fuck”在社交环境中的接受度超过了retard。感觉上有点怪怪的，因为你在长大的过程中可以整天用这个词说别人，也不会有人介意。这要是在从前，要是嘴里蹦出了f打头的这个词，那就得去校长办公室咯。
 
I’ve said fuck in front of my school’s principal several times and he doesn’t even say “language” or something
 
（回）我在我们校长跟前说过好几次fuck，而他连“注意言辞！”这种话都懒得说。
 
DreGu90
The interest with Korean culture grew by a lot.
Kpop happened and has entered the mainstream with BTS. Movies like Parasite and tv series such as Squid Game both highlight that Korean productions can compete critically and commercially with the very best of Hollywood among American audiences.
 
对韩国文化的兴趣大为增加。
韩国流行音乐和防弹少年团一起进入了主流视野。《寄生虫》之类的电影和《鱿鱼游戏》之类的电视剧都凸显出一点：韩国影视有能力在很大程度上（以及商业上）和好莱坞顶尖水平争抢美国观众。
 
ElDragonGrande
People are alot more overweight. Like, I don't remember seeing many people over 300 lbs when I was a kid.
Now it is everywhere. I can't go to the grocery without seeing people that are so fat they have trouble walking.
Also, the population seems much older. I don't remember as many 80+ year old people back then.
 
人们超重的情况严重了很多。比如，在我还是孩子的时候，不记得见过很多超过300磅的人。
而现在，这种人无处不在。我去杂货店的时候，不想看到那些胖到连走路都困难的人都不可能。
此外，人口的老龄化程度似乎高了很多。在以前，我可不记得有那么多80多岁的老人。
 
ephemeralkitten
I think we're a little more empathetic towards pets and animals. I think we declaw and dock and all that shit less and take better care of our animals.
 
我觉得我们和宠物、动物共情的能力略有加强。给动物去爪和断尾的情况变少了，而且也把我们的动物照顾地更好了。
 
Unclipped Dobermen are so damn cute.
 
（回）没被夹过直耳的杜宾太TM萌了。
 

 
（图解：夹过耳的立耳杜宾vs没夹过耳的杜宾）
 
I've noticed that it seems like people do more preventative care for their pets these days. Checkups and such, not just bringing them in when something is wrong.
 
（回）我注意到，如今的人为他们的宠物做预防性护理的似乎更多了。会做健康检查之类的，而不只是在生病了以后才带它们来。
 
Sector_Independent
Much more divided politically
 
人们在政治上更加分裂了。
 
I was born 1991, but the 2000 election between Bush Jr. and Gore was intense. I couldn't tell you anything about 1996, but I remember how heated 2000 was.
I think since then, it's been increasingly "Us vs Them" between the red and blue states and things have only gotten worse.
 
（回）我是91年生人，小布什和戈尔之间竞逐的2000年总统大选很是激烈。我没法告诉你1996年大选的情况，但我记得2000年那场大选的热度。
我觉得自那以后，红州和蓝州之间就加速沦为“我们vs他们”的局面了，而情况只会越来越糟。
 
AspireAgain
The Special Needs community is treated with much more personal kindness.
 
人们私下里对待有特殊需要的群体时，变得更友善了。
 
the-lost-lieutenant
There has been a fairly major shift in the way people look at Mexican immigrants and their descendants from the early 2000s to now, at least in my area. It seemed a lot more “us vs them” when I was younger. Now they are looked at as just another “group” in our area.
 
从二十一世纪初到现在，人们看待墨西哥移民及其后代的眼光有了相当大的转变，至少我所在的地区是这样。在我年轻的时候，似乎“我们vs他们”的心态要根深蒂固得多。而现在，他们仅仅被看成了我们这个地区的其中一个“族群”。
 
JumpingJuicy
Men with facial hair is now more attractive.
 
现在，蓄须的男人变得更有吸引力了。
 
That seams to cycle every 20 years or so. Along with male hair length norms.
 
（回）貌似这个是二十年一轮回。男人头发的长度标准也是同理。
 
x3leggeddawg
A lot more boba tea!
 
珍珠奶茶多了很多！
 
the_ebagel
The US has gotten much more secular as a whole since the turn of the century.
This is largely due to the New Atheists movement in the wake of 9/11, the rise of the Internet, and social movements that seemingly contradict religious orthodoxy (LGBTQ+ pride being one of them).
We dropped from about 80% Christian at the start of the century to about 66% as of the 2020 census
 
自世纪之交以来，美国整体上的世俗程度剧增。
这主要是因为911事件后的新无神论者运动、互联网的兴起，以及似乎与宗教正统观念相悖的社会运动（“我是LGBTQ我骄傲”运动就是其中之一）。
我们国家的基督徒占比从本世纪初的约80%，下降到了2020年人口普查时的约66%。
 
This has been a big one. Religious service attendance has dropped significantly and the average age of churchgoers keeps getting grayer.
 
（回）一直以来这都是一大变。参加宗教活动的人数急剧下降，而且经常去做礼拜的人，平均年龄也越来越老了。
 
People's religious beliefs are becoming much more individual, buffet-style affairs than communal church teachings, too, even among Christians.
 
（回）人们的宗教信仰正变得高度个人化，成了自助餐式的事务，而不再是群体化的教会施教，即使在基督徒中间也是如此。
 
tonsofun08
This is more based around my area, but people of different political mindsets used to live all around. Now, most progressives move to urban cores while conservatives stay in the suburbs/country.
 
（俄亥俄州）这更多是基于我所在地区的情况，在过去，秉持不同政见的人都是杂居的。而现在，大多数进步人士搬到了市中心，而保守人士则留在郊区/乡村。
 
MossyTundra
The way things are marketed to kids has switched from more food to toys.
Our opinions are always “valid” and most of the time treated as fact, and that should be happening to this degree.
People no longer in general hold any loyalty to employers because we’ve seen how disposable we are to them.
Education in the US has gotten worse, and some schools now cater to parents rather than hold strong to child discipline or core subjects.
People have never been so entitled. I never heard of adults throwing hissy fits in public because the minimum wage worker couldn’t give something for free.
 Discovery channel and nat geo and animal planet used to have history or nature documentaries. Not of that reality tv show stuff. Commercial breaks were seen as normal, but now they are longer and we hate them even more.
 
-推销给孩子们东西，已经从食物更多，转变为玩具更多了。
-我们的意见总是“有根据的”，而且在大部分情况下被当成事实，而且认为这种事就应该达到这种程度。
-人们普遍不再对雇主抱有忠诚度了，因为我们已经发现了我们对他们来说是多么可有可无。
-美国的教育状况变糟了，现在有些学校会去迎合家长，而不是在孩子的纪律或核心科目上有所坚守。
-人们的权利意识从未如此高涨。以前我可从来没听说过，有成年人会因为拿着最低工资的工人无法免费提供东西而在公共场合暴跳如雷。
-以前的探索频道、国家地理频道以及动物星球频道都会播放历史或自然纪录片。而不是那种真人秀节目。以前的人会觉得在节目中插播广告是正常的，但现在它们的时长变长了，而我们也更讨厌它们了。
 
LucidLynx109
Much less solidarity among Americans. This has been stated by others in the thread already in different ways, but it used to be we would just shrug off and laugh away our differences. It was common to have close friends with differing political ideologies. This was especially true during times of crisis, especially after 9/11.
 
美国人的内部团结远不如前了。这个问题，在这个帖子里已经有其他人以不同的方式提过了，但以前我们只会耸耸肩，在笑声中把我们的分歧化解掉。拥有在政治意识形态上不同于你的密友是很常见的。在危机时期就更是如此了，特别是在9/11之后。
 
Ironically, 9/11 is what I believe sowed the seeds of the modern day divide. Some people could not separate the terrorist Muslim extremists from the majority of other Muslims, and things kind of spiraled out of control from there. I realize many other factors were at play as well.
 
讽刺的是，我认为是9/11事件播下了当代分裂的种子。一部分人无法将极端的穆斯林恐怖分子和其他大多数穆斯林区分开来，情况就这样恶化乃至失控了。我很清楚还有很多其他因素也在起作用。
 
Googlyeyes1093
The biggest one is that people used to see people from the other political party as other Americans with a different opinion on what’s best for the nation. Now we see people who vote for the other party as evil. Not the government or anyone actually in power, but your own neighbors/friends/family. We’ve lost all ability to talk or debate anything with one another because we’re so certain of our moral high ground that we act like toddlers sticking our fingers in our ears.
 
最大的变化是，过去的人会把其他政党的人看成对“怎么做才对国家最好？”抱持不同看法的其他美国人。而现在，我们会把投票给另一个党的人看成邪恶之人。他们可不是政府或真正的掌权者，而是你自己的邻居/朋友/家人。我们已经彻底失去了交谈乃至对任何议题展开辩论的能力，因为我们如此确信自己占据着道德高地，以至于我们的做派就像是闭目塞听的学步小儿。
 
Defiant_Hurry2985
-TV shows and movies are more racially diverse. There has to be at least 2 main minority characters.
-People are living at home longer and getting married later in life.
-Back then you could have different political opinions and still be friends. Now people want to kill you if you support a certain candidate.
-Dating is less spontaneous with a lot less mystery. I feel like it's less natural. These days you can Google anyone and find out so much about them.
 
-电视节目和电影更富有种族多样性了。至少有两个主角是少数族裔的。
-人们的居家时间变长了，结婚的时间更晚了。
-在过去，你秉持着不同的政治观点，也仍然可以做朋友。而现在，如果你支持某位候选人，人们会想要杀了你。
-约会不那么靠本能驱动了，少去了很多神秘感。我感觉如今的约会没有那么自然了。这年头，你可以在谷歌上搜到任何人，还能搜到有关他们的很多信息。
 
The idea that if you don’t have a social media profile you are a “nobody”. I find this idea horrible, but it is quite commonly held view.
 
（回）出现了一种观念，即“如果你没有社交媒体账号，你就是个“无名小卒”。我觉得这种观念特别可怕，但却是大家普遍抱持的观念。
 
langecrew
People have somehow gotten the idea that their opinions matter. At all. Ever. Under literally any circumstance.
They don't
 
人们莫名其妙地认为自己的意见很重要。重要极了。迄今为止最重要。在任何情况下都是如此，一点没夸张。
不，他们的意见并不重要。
 
SnooDonuts5498
The death of rock.
 
摇滚乐嗝屁了。
 
To quote Frank Turner:
"Somebody told me that music with guitars
Was going out of fashion and I had to laugh
This shit wasn't fashionable when I fell in love
So if the hipsters move on why should I give a fuck?"
 
（回）引用弗兰克·特纳的话：
“有人告诉我，用吉他创作的音乐将会过时，我忍不住笑了。在我谈恋爱的时候，这玩意就不流行了。所以，如果连那些嬉皮士们都翻篇儿了，我为什么还要在乎呢？”
（译注：弗兰克特纳，英国朋克/民谣歌手）
 
Rock is alive, it’s in bars, ballrooms and theaters. It’s regressed back to its roots and is being revived with the new technology that is available to new musicians. Indy rock and jam bands are around. Plug into a scene, you are welcome!
 
（回）摇滚乐还活在酒吧、舞厅和剧院里呢。它已经回归到了它的根，而且有了能为新的音乐人所用的新技术，摇滚乐正在复兴。独立摇滚和即兴乐队就在你身边。加入一个现场，你会很受欢迎的！