QA问答：为什么伦敦有这么多黑人？

Tony Bartlett
We are a multicultural society that doesn't discriminate by colour, religion or race.
In the 1950s after we had lost a lot of men in WW2 we asked for people from the Commonwealth to come and assist us. Many of those who came were from the West Indies. They stayed and became part of our culture.
Well educated Commonwealth citizens often come to the UK to increase their experience in a particular field. We welcome that
We don't have the racial divisions to the same degree as other countries
 
我们是一个多元文化的社会，没有肤色、宗教或种族的歧视。
在20世纪50年代，我们在二战中失去了很多人，我们请求英联邦的人来帮助我们。其中许多人来自西印度群岛。他们留下来，成为我们文化的一部分。受过良好教育的英联邦公民经常来英国，以增加他们在某一领域的经验。我们欢迎他们。
我们没有像其他国家那样有严重的种族分裂
 
Mike Carter
The wind rush generation was welcomed with open arms as was Africans from Nigeria and Ghana. They came to our country and now they have settled in all over our island as free and equal citizens. Racist attitudes died out in 1979 on the dot. These days the minorities tend to moan because of the social Marxists. We don't have racism, sexism, classism, and everyone who's willing can get up and get a good job if they work for it! Our PM got to where he is by sheer hard work and talent in holding the country together.
So says my telly!
 
像来自尼日利亚和加纳的非洲人一样，这些人受到了热烈欢迎。
他们来到我们的国家，现在他们以自由和平等的公民身份在我们岛上的各地定居。种族主义态度在1979年就消失了。如今，由于社会马克思主义者，少数民族倾向于抱怨。我们没有种族歧视，性别歧视，阶级歧视，每个人只要愿意，只要努力就能得到一份好工作！我们的总理能走到今天，完全是靠他的努力和才能，把国家团结在一起——电视上是这么说的。
 
Wim Kotze
You shouldn’t believe your telly.
The first black appointed to the London Metropolitan Police was in 1978 - Fact.
Another fact: Some years later my Nigerian roommate and I were turfed out of a London bar, by the same Metropolitans Police because he persisted in attempting to dance with a white girl. We were threatened with a night in the slammer if we don’t go quietly.
 
你不应该相信你的电视。
第一个被任命为伦敦警察厅警察的黑人是在1978年。
另一个事实：几年后，我的尼日利亚室友和我被同一个警察赶出了伦敦的一家酒吧，因为他坚持要和一个白人女孩跳舞。有人威胁说如果我们不安静下来就得在监狱里待一晚。
 
Owen Fautley
To be fair it does not matter what skin colour you or your friend had the main thing is that he was persisting on attempting to dance with a girl. This means she said no or showed no taste in dancing on multiple occasions yet he still continued. This is a type of harassment and it was correct that you were escorted out, hopefully you have had a word with him and he has had a thought over his actions and how to improve in the future.
 
说句公道话，不管你或你的朋友是什么肤色，最重要的是他坚持要尝试和一个女孩跳舞。这意味着她在很多场合都拒绝或表现出不喜欢跳舞，但他仍然继续坚持。这是一种骚扰，你被“护送”出去是正确的，希望你已经和他谈过了，他已经对自己的行为和未来如何改变有了想法。
 
Massimo Saracino
So the higher-than-average homicide rate in the UK is a native characteristic.
 
因此，高于平均水平的凶杀率在英国是一种本土特征。
 
Chris Hutchens
Unfortunately you just have to look up perpetrators of knife crime and street crime in London to realise how much we fucked up.
 
不幸的是，你只要查一下伦敦持刀犯罪和街头犯罪的肇事者，就会发现我们搞砸了多少事。
 
Captain
We all know the answer but I'm not going to say it I might get thrown off here or tagged as a racist or something like that but I've been over there everybody gets along good
 
我们都知道答案，但我不会说出来，我可能会被“扔”出去，或者被贴上种族主义者的标签，或者类似的东西，但我去过那里，每个人都相处得很好
 
Gerard Vallely
We ask that you can do the job.
 
我们请求你能做这项工作。
 
Deah Mcneill
The Commonwealth appears to be much more welcoming and inclusive than some other countries, along side of the UK.
 
除了英国之外，英联邦似乎比其他一些国家更欢迎和包容。
 
Chris Sixta
What about people from West Africa? I’m talking about Nigeria and Ghana.
 
那来自西非的人呢？我说的是尼日利亚和加纳。
 
Alec Cawley
They are Commonwealth citizens, and many are well educated. I had a Nigerian colleague with a PhD. Generally, people who can contribute are welcome, without considering skin colour. I am not saying there is no prejudice, but there is not the same black/mot black divide as in America.
 
他们是英联邦公民，许多人受过良好的教育。我有个尼日利亚同事，有博士学位。一般来说，我们欢迎能做出贡献的人，不考虑肤色。我并不是说这里没有偏见，但这里并没有像美国那样有白人与黑人之间的鸿沟。
 
Mike Carter
Some came just after the war for work and to see the benevolent 'Mother land’
Many are their children born in London
Some came from Nigeria and Ghana because the ex-colonial masters gave them opportunities to work and live in the UK.
Some of these populations ended up in other big cites and other provincial areas, but most live in London.
Many don't dare to live out of the very multiracial city of London and stay there even if they don't like it.
Some moved out to the home counties just outside of London.
A handful have done well in London, many have done quite badly. Black children are twice as likely to be brought up in poverty than white children. Half of black children say that they witness racism around them all the time. Black men are innocently nine times more likely to be harassed by the police. The large majority are unable to get good employment even if they're graduates.
Many have no idea that in other countries they could be treated a lot worse, or a lot better. Many are stuck in a place where their face doesn't fit and are tolerated but not accepted.
Many don't realise that they're in deep shit although they live in a thriving city.
Some look about and see that the large majority of the nation are powerless and have been left behind and many blame migrants. Many black people face having to live along side many people who feel they are the reason the nation has gone to the dogs. Most black people don't want to admit they are in a bad position in terms of social acceptance. Most black people in the western world are lost and have lost their culture. Some are hanging on.
They are only 2% of the UK population so it's a drop in the ocean. The bottom 25% of the UK population have the same wealth as the five richest families… it's that kind of place.London is a city for the young and very rich;
 
一些人在战后就来到这里工作，来看看仁慈的“祖国”
他们中的许多人的孩子出生在伦敦
一些人来自尼日利亚和加纳，因为前殖民统治者给了他们在英国工作和生活的机会。
这些人口中有一部分最终去了其他大城市和其他省区，但大多数人住在伦敦。
许多人不敢离开伦敦这个多元种族的城市而选择继续留在那里，即便他们不喜欢这里。
有些人搬到了伦敦附近的家乡。
少数人在伦敦表现不错，许多人表现相当糟糕。黑人儿童在贫困中长大的可能性是白人儿童的两倍。一半的黑人儿童说，他们无时无刻不在目睹种族歧视。黑人被警察骚扰的可能性是普通人的九倍。大多数人即使是大学毕业生也找不到好工作。许多人并不知道，在其他国家，他们可能会受到更差的待遇，也可能会受到更好的待遇。许多人被困在一个地方，他们的肤色不合适，被容忍但不被接受。
许多人并没有意识到他们身处水深火热之中，尽管他们生活在一个繁荣的城市。一些人环顾四周，发现这个国家的大多数人都无能为力，被抛在了后面，许多人在指责移民。许多黑人不得不与许多人生活在一起，这些人认为他们（黑人）是国家走向衰败的原因。大多数黑人不愿意承认他们在社会接受方面处于不利的地位。在西方世界，大多数黑人都迷失了，失去了他们的文化。也有些人还在坚持。
他们只占英国人口的2%，所以这只是沧海一粟。英国最富有的5个家族拥有的财富相当于英国底层25%的人口拥有的财富，就是这样的地方。伦敦是一个年轻人和富人的城市；
 
Richard Perry
You may wonder (if this is a genuine question rather than a provocative attempt at trolling) why you’ve got so many sarcy answers from people in the UK. The reason is that by and large we find the use of the word “Blacks” as a collective noun, obxtionable and implicitly, if not explictly, derogatory. It will be assumed that you think that black skinned people are not as good as people as “white” people.
Feel free to choose a different way of asking your question.
I have many friends and colleagues who are “black” skinned, if they feel the need to refer to their skin colour or heritage they variously describe themselves as Black British, Black Caribbean, Black African, or any of a thousand other descxtive terms. They tend not to though any more than I routinely refer to myself as “white”. However you never refer to someone as as “A Black” or collectively as “Blacks” any more than you would refer to me as “A White” or my family as “Whites” - start throwing those sorts of usages around and you are likely to be on the receiving end of more than just sarcasm.
 
你可能想知道（如果这是一个真实的问题，而不是挑衅的尝试）为什么你从英国人那里得到这么多讽刺的答案。原因在于，总的来说，我们发现“黑人”这个词作为一个集合名词的使用是令人反感的，而且即使不是明确地，也是含蓄地贬损。你可能会认为黑皮肤的人不如“白”皮肤的人好。我有很多朋友和同事是“黑”皮肤的，如果他们觉得有必要提及自己的肤色或传统，他们会用各种各样的词来描述自己，如英国黑人、加勒比黑人、非洲黑人，或其他上千种描述性词汇中的任何一种。
请随意选择一种不同的提问方式。他们倾向于不去想这个问题，就像我经常说自己是“白人”一样。但是你从来不称某人为“黑肤色”或统称为“黑人”，就像你称我为“白肤色”或我的家人是“白人”一样，如果你开始使用这些称呼，你很可能会受到不止是讽刺的影响
 
Tim Restuvelli
You are spot on. Maybe the questioner could tell us why such as he/she refer to “blacks” in contrast to “white people” Presumably, to her/him, the skin colour is adequate to consign most of the world’s population to a status below that which she/he thinks is their rightful station.
 
你说得完全正确。也许提问者可以告诉我们，为什么他/她提到“黑人”而不是“白人”，大概，对她/他来说，肤色足以使世界上大多数人的地位低于她/他认为自己应有的地位。
 
Lord Liam Philpott
A shortage in our workforce in the years following WW2 made our politicians decidr that it would be a good idea to encoursge immigration from people from our colonies.
London and other main cities were where the workers were most needed. And now why their family remains.
 
二战后我们的劳动力短缺，这让我们的政客们决定鼓励我们殖民地的人移民到这里，这是一个好主意。
伦敦和其他的主要城市是最需要工人的地方，这就是他们的家人生活在伦敦的原因。
 
Mark Gist
In all cultures, immigrants tend to live in big cities. London is England’s largest city by far and has been for centuries so that’s where most immigrants and minorities live.
Around 13% of Londoners are black (around 1,000,000 out of 7,500,000). Most of these people or their recent ancestors came to England since immigration laws were liberalized in the 1970s.
 
在各种文化中，移民都倾向于住在大城市。几个世纪以来，伦敦一直是英国最大的城市，所以这里是大多数移民和少数民族居住的地方。
大约13%的伦敦人是黑人(大约750万人中的100万人)。这些人或他们的祖先大多是在20世纪70年代移民法律放宽后来到英国的。
 
Nick Cooper
“Most of these people or their recent ancestors came to England since immigration laws were liberalized in the 1970s.”
On the contrary, that’s the exact opposite of what actually happened with British nationality and immigration law. There was complete freedom of movement within the Empire and Commonwealth, but changes to the law from the early 1960s onward increasingly restricted the ability of Commonwealth citizens to settle in the UK.
 
“这些人或他们的祖先大多是在20世纪70年代移民法律放宽后来到英国的。”
相反，这与英国国籍法和移民法的实际情况完全相反。在帝国和联邦内部有完全的移民自由，但自20世纪60年代初以来，法律的变化越来越限制英联邦公民在英国定居的能力。
 
Kevin Oliver
Although London Cabs in various colours were seen pre-war, for several years after WW2 all new new built Cabs were painted black. And older vehicles were also repainted black after being repaired or refurbished.
Although other colours are now more common, black is now considered as the norm.
 
尽管战前伦敦的出租车有各种各样的颜色，但在二战后的几年里，所有新造的出租车都被漆成黑色。旧的车辆在修理或翻新后也被重新漆成黑色。
虽然其他颜色现在更普遍，但黑色现在被认为是标准颜色。
 
Tobias O'Brien
London is the capital and very diverse. It is also extremely big and full of life.
 
伦敦是首都，非常多样化。它也非常大，充满了活力。
 
Adrian Cooke
Their ancestors came to where the work was which was particularly in London and their descendants have remained there: they started coming after WW2
 
他们的祖先来到了工作的地方，尤其是伦敦，他们的后代一直留在那里：他们在二战后开始来这里生活
 
Federico Razzoli
Why is this relevant? Or more precisely, why is this more relevant than knowing why many people wear white socks?
Anyway, there are at least some easy big reasons:
London was the capital of the British Empire, and even if the empire is fallen (incidentally, I wish that the Conservative Party knew this…) many persons or families who moved to London back then presumably remained there.
Despite Brexit, London is still very important for trade and finance. It is a destination for people looking for good jobs, and for people who can’t have a decent job where they live.
Despite Brexit, London is still a multicultural city. If you live there you may not realise it, but it’s not common for a city to have places like Camden Market or the Brick Lane food market. This makes London very attractive or relatively safe for many people. If you’re black and you want to live in a European big city, you’ll no doubt feel safer in London than in Rome (I can make this example because I’m Italian).
“Despite Brexit” means that Brexit will probably make England a less open way and moving to England will be increasingly difficult and less desirable. It is sad that nationalists are happy to destroy their own country just to have enemies.
 
这有什么关系吗？或者更准确地说，这比知道为什么许多人穿白袜子更有意义？
无论如何，至少有一些简单的大原因：
伦敦是大英帝国的首都，即使大英帝国灭亡了(顺便说一句，我希望保守党知道这一点……)，许多当时搬到伦敦的人或家庭可能仍然留在那里。
尽管英国脱欧，伦敦对贸易和金融仍然非常重要。它是那些寻找好工作的人的目的地，也是那些在自己居住的地方找不到体面工作的人的目的地。
尽管脱欧，伦敦仍然是一个多元文化的城市。如果你住在那里，你可能不会意识到这一点，但对于一个城市来说，有像卡姆登市场或砖巷市场这样的地方并不常见。这使得伦敦对许多人来说非常有吸引力或相对安全。如果你是黑人，而且你想住在欧洲的大城市，你无疑会觉得在伦敦比在罗马更安全（我可以举这个例子，因为我是意大利人）。
“尽管脱欧”意味着脱欧可能会使英国变得不那么开放，搬到英国将会越来越困难，越来越不受欢迎。可悲的是，民族主义者乐于为了树敌而摧毁自己的国家。
 
John Strachan
Said like true Italian living in Scotland. How wonderful it is to get someone answer a question about black people and then turning it into a discussion about Brexit. When will you remainders stop going on about Brexit?
 
说得像住在苏格兰的意大利人。让某人回答一个关于黑人的问题，然后把它变成关于英国脱欧的讨论，这是多么美妙的事情。你们这些留欧派什么时候才能停止抱怨英国脱欧?
 
Federico Razzoli
Brexit has never been about Europe, and it’s pathetic that you pretend it is. Brexit is about one single thing: the illusion that the British Empire still exists.
That said, the connection between brexit and the question is not something I want to discuss with a nationalist, so you can keep complaining about me without receiving any anwer.
 
英国脱欧从来就不是为了欧洲，你假装是为了欧洲，这很可悲。英国脱欧的原因只有一个：幻想大英帝国依然存在。
也就是说，脱欧和这个问题之间的联系并不是我想和一个民族主义者讨论的事情，所以你可以继续抱怨我，但不会得到任何答案。
 
John Strachan
How naive you're, Brexit was nothing to do with the British Empire, stop reading the Scottish press or watching the Scottish news. I hadn't heard anything about the British Empire until I came on Quora.
 
你太天真了，英国脱欧和大英帝国一点关系都没有，别再看苏格兰的新闻了。在我上Quora之前，我从未听说过关于大英帝国的任何事情。
 
Andy Davies
London is quite a posh place and a recent trend in interior design is to insist on buying paint from a company called Farrow and Ball.
If you go into a Farrow and Ball showroom which are primarily in London, you will see that they arrange all of their colours in order and on the far right (where no doubt the question author naturally goes) you will see that there really are lots of blacks.
 
伦敦是一个相当时髦的地方，最近的室内设计趋势是坚持从一家名为Farrow and Ball的公司购买油漆。如果你走进“Farrow and Ball”的展厅——它们主要在伦敦，你会看到他们把所有的颜色都按顺序排列，在最右边（毫无疑问，问题作者自然会去那里）你会看到确实有很多黑人。
 
Mike Pettitt
Due to british colonialism when we civilised the world this gave them a sense of belonging and many camehere to help after the war and they still come for a better life and freedom
 
由于英国的殖民主义，我们让世界变得文明，这给了他们一种归属感，许多人在战后来到这里帮助我们，他们仍然为了更好的生活和自由而来
 
Joe Morris
Because our no back bone government are letting them pour over the Channel. We had good relations with Indian, Pakistan and the Caribbean immigrants but has gone out the window now.
 
因为我们没有骨气的政府让他们从英吉利海峡涌过来。我们曾与印度、巴基斯坦和加勒比移民保持着良好的关系，但现在这种关系已经消失了。
 
James C
Black people in London go way back to before 17th–18th centuries. By the middle of the eighteenth century, Black people comprised somewhere between one and three percent of the London populace. British merchants became involved with the transatlantic slave trade between Europe, Africa and the Americas.
 
伦敦的黑人可以追溯到17至18世纪以前。到18世纪中期，黑人占伦敦人口的百分之一到三。英国商人参与了欧洲、非洲和美洲之间的跨大西洋奴隶贸易。
 
Joseph Hall
At the time of the 2011 census the black population of London stood at 13%, plus 3% mixed race black. The black population of London is now 20% plus 4% mixed black, 2019/2020 figures.
I’m surprised the black population has grown so quickly given the Asian population of London has grown by only 1% over the last 10 years, from 18?% to 19%.
 
在2011年人口普查时，伦敦的黑人人口为13%，加上3%的混血黑人。根据2019/2020年的数据，伦敦的黑人人口现在是20%加上4%的混血黑人。
我对黑人人口增长如此之快感到惊讶，因为伦敦的亚洲人口在过去10年里只增长了1%，从18%到19%？
 
Bob Hinton
Too many Governments failed to stop the invaders. We are now in the ludicrous situation in having white British are now in a minority in London.
 
太多的政府未能阻止侵略者。我们现在处于一种可笑的处境：在伦敦，白人英国人占少数。
 
Simon O'callaghan
Most of the people who could be called black in the UK are of Caribbean descent. We don’t called them Caribbean-British either.
Born here no matter what colour or religion you are British,get citizenship you are British, no afro,irish american,mexican,german etc in front.
Personally I find the american way of identifying a person not as American but African -american Native-american etc as racist.
While I was growing up sambo was a term for blacks,not a nice one but for a year or so my nickname.
I’m white so why the nickname?the younger brother of a friend couldn’t say Simon so called me Sam and at Christmas I got a Robin Hood bow and arrow set(rather a good one)so he tacked bow onto the end of my name.This happened the first time I called round with the bow and it stuck.
The best thing was the confused looks on the adults as I answered to the named being called out.
So a white boy being called sambo because a young boy who happened to be black couldn’t say Simon.
 
在英国，大多数可以被称为黑人的人都有加勒比血统。我们也不叫他们加勒比海-英国人。
出生在这里，不管你是什么肤色或宗教，你是英国人，获得公民身份你就是英国人，前面没有非洲裔、爱尔兰裔美国人、墨西哥裔、德国人等等。
就我个人而言，我发现只要一个美国人认为另一个不是美国人，而是非裔美国人、印第安人等等，那么这个人就是种族主义者。
在我成长的过程中，桑博是对黑人的称呼，不是很好听，但有一年左右我的昵称。
我是白人，为什么要取这个绰号?一个朋友的弟弟不会说西蒙，所以叫我山姆，在圣诞节我得到了一个罗宾汉弓和箭(相当不错的一个)，所以他把弓钉在我的名字后面。这发生在我第一次拿弓的时候，它卡住了。最棒的是当我被点名时，大人们困惑的表情。所以一个白人男孩被称为桑博因为一个碰巧是黑人的男孩不能说西蒙。
 
Chris Bier
Originally Answered: Do Black British refer to themselves as African-British?
Agreed, labelling is less likely here plus many black Brits have West Indian heritage.
There’s an anecdote on Quora of a man referring to his dad as ‘the black man over there‘ whilst on holiday in the US and he was told off quite severely and told to call him Afro American.
The fact his dad was neither African or American didn’t seem to matter.
 
最初问题：英国黑人称自己为非裔英国人吗？
同意，在这里不太可能被贴上标签，而且许多英国黑人有西印度血统。
Quora上有一件事，一个男人在美国度假时称他的父亲为“那边的黑人”，他被严厉斥责，让他叫他非洲裔美国人。
他的父亲既不是非洲人也不是美国人，这似乎并不重要。
 
Ed Walker
Before I answer this question, I am a native-born British Man who is Black. I self identify as being British. The issue of race/ethnicity in the U.K generally is referenced in mostly two instances. Heath care and Crime, in Health care patients, are asked about their race/ethnicity. Being Black, You are either Black British, Caribbean, African or an admixture of both. e.g. Jamaicans are not Africans although they may have 90% African ancestry.
In the second instance of race/ethnicity. If a crime is committed and you are asked to identify the perpetrator, the police will ask the question of race/ethnicity. The question of race is categorised, Asian, Black or White. Asians, generally referring to individuals of South-East Asian Origin. In crime, Blacks are sometimes identified as Afro-Caribbean, which may not be entirely accurate.
 
在我回答这个问题之前，我是一个土生土长的英国黑人。我自认为是英国人。英国的种族问题通常在两个例子中被提及。
第一个关于保健病人的保健和犯罪问题，询问了他们的种族/族裔。作为黑人，你要么是英国黑人、加勒比人、非洲黑人，要么是两者的混合体。牙买加人不是非洲人，尽管他们可能有90%的非洲血统。
在种族/民族的第二个例子中。如果发生了犯罪事件，你被要求确定肇事者，警察会问种族/民族的问题。种族问题被分为亚裔、黑人和白人。亚洲人，一般指东南亚人。在犯罪中，黑人有时被认定为非洲加勒比人，这可能并不完全准确。
 
Martine N.
People with Asian ethnicity who were born here are called British. The sons and daughters of Indian immigrants, who were born here are called British. The British-born offspring of the thousands of Italian immigrants who settled in Wales (bet you didn't know that there's MASSIVE Italian communities in Wales, did you?) are called British.
 
在这里出生的亚洲人被称为英国人。在这里出生的印度移民的子女被称为英国人。在英国出生的意大利移民的后代定居在威尔士称为英国人（打赌你不知道在威尔士有大量的意大利社区，对吗？）
 
Ian Barber
If they are born in Britain then I would call them British, the skin colour is irrelevant.
If they were born in another country I would prefer to call them by the area they come from,ie African, Chinese or Asian ect.
I don't get this hang up with colour, for all my working life I was a printer and of all the skin colours I see the most inaccurate one is my own.
I am classed as white but if I ever printed a match to my skin colour there is no way anyone else would say it was white.
I have never really got this hangup over colour, break the skin and we all bleed the same colour.
To my shame many years ago my then 16 year old daughter came home from her first job and brought in to meet us a work mate who lived a couple of roads up from us, he was the blackest person I had ever seen, I think originally from Nigeria. I was immediately totally ashamed of myself and still am when I remember it.
Skin colour is a nothing and means absolutely Bugger all, it's the persons character that makes the difference between good and bad.
 
如果他们出生在英国，我会叫他们英国人，肤色无关紧要。
如果他们出生在另一个国家，我更喜欢用他们的出生地来称呼他们，例如非洲人、中国人或亚洲人等等。
在我的职业生涯中，我是一个印刷工，在我看到的所有肤色中，最不准确的是我自己的肤色。
我被归为白人，但如果我打印了与我肤色相符的照片，其他人就不会说它是白色的。
我从来没有因为肤色而烦恼过，打破肤色，我们都流着同样颜色的血液。
令我感到羞愧的是，许多年前，我那16岁的女儿做了第一份工作后回来，带了一位同事来见我们，她住在离我们几条路远的地方，他是我见过的最黑的人，我想他最初来自尼日利亚。
我立刻为自己感到羞愧，当我想起这件事的时候，我仍然感到羞愧。
肤色是什么不那么重要，没有任何意义，是一个人的性格决定了人的好与坏。