为什么天生黑发的白种人如此少见?
Why is a naturally black-haired White person such a rarity?
译文简介
一个白人可以有黑色的头发。在南欧国家，白种人的黑头发频率最高。例如，在意大利，31%的人是黑头发，尽管在葡萄牙，黑头发比在意大利要少。
正文翻译
为什么天生黑发的白种人如此少见?
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A White person can have black hair. The highest frequency of black-haired Whites is found in Southern European countries. For example among Italians, 31% are black-haired, though in Portugal, black hair is less common than in Italy. Nevertheless, black hair becomes less and less common as one reaches Northern European populations. For example less than 3% of the Dutch and Irish have black hair. Oftentimes, in Northern Europe, dark brown hair is called “black hair”. Dark brown hair isn’t black hair. Many Scottish, Irish who are said to be “black-haired”, actually are dark brown-haired!
一个白人可以有黑色的头发。在南欧国家，白种人的黑头发频率最高。例如，在意大利，31%的人是黑头发，尽管在葡萄牙，黑头发比在意大利要少。然而，在北欧人口中，黑头发变得越来越少。例如，只有不到3%的荷兰人和爱尔兰人有黑头发。在北欧，深棕色的头发通常被称为“黑发”。不过深棕色的头发不是黑色头发。许多被称为“黑头发”的苏格兰人和爱尔兰人实际上是深棕色的头发!
一个有着完美橄榄色皮肤的黑头发伊比利亚人拉斐尔·纳达尔
和西班牙小孩
与之形成对比的是肤色苍白的北欧威尔士孩子
Yamulamba Pretorius
Most of the dark hair in North, West, East Europe is dark brown not black.
在北欧、西欧和东欧，大多数深色头发是深棕色而不是黑色。
There is no such thing as natural black hair. Even the blackest hair is just a very dark shade of brown.
没有所谓的天然黑发。即使是最黑的头发也只是非常深的棕色。
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To the Spanish-trained eye, it is evident most of those beautiful children pictured above in your comment with Nadal are from Northern Africa, of the Berber/Amazigh etnia and not Spanish kids.
Spanish children are mostly rooted in the pre-roman population of Europe, mostly the ancient non-Indo-Europeans population the Iberians and Basque plus the more recent Indoeuropean Celts.
对于西班牙有眼力劲的人来说，很明显，上面你在评论里的那些漂亮的孩子大多来自北非的柏柏尔/阿马齐格埃特尼亚，而不是西班牙的孩子。
西班牙儿童大多植根于欧洲的前罗马人口，主要是古代的非印欧人——伊比利亚人和巴斯克人，再加上后来的印欧凯尔特人。
In addition, there is since several centuries ago a minority rooted in India and fierce of their race and traditions that are the Gipsys, who entered into Europe about a millennia ago and who are also Spanish adding a lot to Spanish culture, mainly in music and dance with Flamenco. But you should not confuse Spanish Celtiberians either with Spanish Gipsies or with Berbers from Northern Africa. Or with any of the new arrivals of ethnic people from Africa or Asia that are entering into Europe, mainly from Muslim countries.
Then in Spain, there is a lot of sun during spring and summertime. We are social people who live outdoors not indoors or as if just leaving a hospital after a year, so we try to get our suntanned skin which we love once spring comes after winter, flooding beaches and mountains, as for us suntan skin is a healthier and much more attractive look than some kind of sick pale white skin color.
此外，几个世纪前，有一个源于于印度的少数民族，他们的种族和传统是吉普赛人，他们大约在一千年前进入欧洲，他们现在也是西班牙人，为西班牙文化增添了很多色彩，主要是弗拉门戈音乐和舞蹈。
但你不应该把西班牙的凯尔特人与西班牙的吉普赛人或北非的柏柏尔人混淆。或者是与来自非洲或亚洲的新移民混淆，他们主要是从穆斯林国家进入欧洲的。
在西班牙，春天和夏天有很多阳光。我们是生活在户外而不是室内的社交人群，或者就像刚出院一年那种一样。所以，我们试图让我们的皮肤晒黑，我们喜欢冬天过后的春天，延绵不绝的海滩和山脉，对我们来说，晒黑的皮肤比某种病态的苍白的皮肤颜色更健康，更有吸引力。
下面你会看到更多我所在地区、西班牙北部巴斯克地区的孩子们的冬季照片。只有在拍摄冬季庆典的时候，他们的脸色才显得苍白。在西班牙的阳光下，我们被晒黑了，获得了我们“完美的橄榄色肤色”，这是北欧国家的人无法得到的(我不确定，不过我看到北欧人跑西班牙的太阳海岸来晒黑)，因为我们的皮肤褪黑激素允许它。
在西班牙南部，一年中的大部分时间都在阳光下，所以他们一直被晒得黝黑，但他们和其他西班牙人相似，他们是欧洲基因上最同质的人群之一。
Hengsen Kerpangsen
The “black” hair found among Europeans is usually just a very dark brown. The difference can clearly be seen when a dark haired European stands next to an Asian/African/Arab/Indian/Polynesian/Native American in the direct sunlight. The non-white races have pure black hair, while most dark haired whites merely have a very dark brown.
欧洲人的“黑色”头发通常是深棕色的。当一个深色头发的欧洲人站在一个亚洲人/非洲人/阿拉伯人/印度人/波利尼西亚人/印第安人旁边，在阳光直射下，这种区别就很明显了。
非白种人的头发是纯黑色的，而大多数深色头发的白人只是非常深的棕色。
In Europe, we do not refer to ourselves as whites, but by our nationalities. Spanish, French, German, Danish, etc. The white thing is a USA obsession that is dividing that country. Or maybe it always was.
In Spain, we are not short of those natural black-haired European beauties. Here you have several typically dressed Andalusian women.
（罗宾点赞）
在欧洲，我们不用白人来称呼自己，而是用国籍来称呼自己。西班牙人、法国人、德国人、丹麦人等。白人这种称呼是美国的一种痴迷，它分裂了这个国家。或许一直都是这样。
在西班牙，我们不缺那些天然的黑头发欧洲美女。这里有几个典型的安达卢西亚女人。
和安达卢西亚男人：
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或者随便找几个西班牙人，即使其中一个恰好是我们的现任总理(希望赶紧下台):
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补充：鉴于这么高的点赞和跟评，我又补充了一些西班牙南部在节日身着传统服装的安达卢西亚人的照片，不限于黑发或者深棕色头发：
Anna Hag
92% of the Worldwide population have black/brown hair, nothing is special in black color.
In Europe, dark brown and black hair are considered black anyway.
全世界92%的人有黑色或棕色的头发，黑色没什么特别的。
在欧洲，深棕色和黑色的头发都被认为是黑色的。
Nothing special? See the pictures again…
没有什么特别?再看一遍照片……
When 92% of the world's population has black hair, then black hair can no longer be considered either exotic or unique.
当世界上92%的人口都是黑发时，黑发就不再被认为是异国风情或独特的了。
My idea of beauty is not a statistic. You are free to have your own taste.
我对美的看法不属于统计学。你也有权有自己的品味。
Anna is a Russian. I was married to one for 20 years. They are as literal minded as a snapping turtle.
I do like her though!
这个Anna是俄罗斯人。我跟一个俄罗斯人结婚有20年了。
他们的思维和啮龟一样刻板。
但我确实喜欢她！
Stop speaking about “Europe” when you have no idea about it. That’s your personal idea. I already explained that in Spanish, Italian, French, Portuguese, English and, to a certain extent, German, but I’d say in Slavic languages too, “brown” hair and “black” hair are not exactly the same and we say rather brown than “black”. Of course, there are also people who have real, totally black hair, but I can say those with brown hair are the majority, at least in Spain, Italy, Portugal, I guess also Greece, etc. Maybe not in all areas and towns, but generally, yes.
当你什么都不懂时，别来谈论“欧洲”这个话题。
那是你个人的想法。我已经解释过，在西班牙、意大利、法国、葡萄牙、英国，以及某种程度上的德国，乃至在斯拉夫人中，“棕色”头发和“黑色”头发并不完全等同，我们会说“棕色”而非“黑色”。
当然，也有真正的完全黑色头发的人，但我可以说棕色头发的人占大多数，至少在西班牙、意大利、葡萄牙，我想希腊也有。也许不是在所有地区和城镇，但总的来说，棕色最多。
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Spanish women are absolutely gorgeous. My mother used to collect Lladro figurines, which exemplified the beauty of the women of Spain. I was mesmerized by her collection, which was her pride and joy. It wasn’t until I got to experience the Costa Del Sol as a young US Navy pilot did I get to experience the beautiful women of Spain. Wonderful memories of so many elegant and beautiful women.
西班牙女人绝对是漂亮的。我母亲过去常常收集Lladro的小雕像，它们代表了西班牙女性的美。我被她的收藏迷住了，这是她的骄傲和快乐。
直到我作为一名年轻的美国海军飞行员体验了太阳海岸，我才有机会体验西班牙的美丽女人。对这么多优雅美丽的女人的美好回忆。
José María Trevijano
When I was a young student in my early teens, back in the seventies of the last century, I used to learn English during the summertime living with a US family and my annual present to the parents at my arrival was a small figure of Lladró that they really appreciated.
I was also mesmerized with those figures and with the incredible artistry of some of them that I could see at some main street shops in Spain of exorbitant price but well deserved given the time and artistry required to create them.
Despite the death of the founder, new designs, and the usual family fighting in family businesses, Lladró is still producing those beauties.
当我还是一个年轻的十来岁的学生时，那还是上世纪70年代，我曾经在暑假的时候和一个美国家庭一起学习英语，在我到达的时候，我每年给美国父母的礼物是一个Lladró的小人偶，他们真的很赞赏。
我也被这些人物和其中一些令人难以置信的艺术魅力迷住了，我可以在西班牙的一些主要街道商店里看到它们的高价，但考虑到创造它们所需的时间和艺术能力，它们是值得的。
尽管创始人去世了，以及新的设计和家族企业中常见的家族争斗，Lladró仍然在生产这些美丽的东西。
Beautiful people for sure but most of these people don't have black hair. Most have dark brown hair. Even my dad (Greek) looks like he has black hair but it's just very dark brown.
都是美人，毫无疑问。但大多数人的头发不是黑色的，大多数人都是深棕色的头发。就连我爸爸(希腊人)看起来都是黑色的头发，但其实是深棕色的。
In Europe, dark brown and black hair are considered black anyway.
在欧洲，深棕色和黑色的头发都被认为是黑色的。
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Nope, that’s not correct, in Europe (no idea about Scandinavian countries, though) it is quite the contrary, we say brown hair more than “black”, exactly why “completely black” is a thing we do not have soo often, not as much as “brown”, for sure. Of course, there are also people who have real, totally black hair, but I can say those with brown hair are the majority, at least in Spain, Italy, Portugal, I guess also Greece, etc. Maybe not in all areas and towns, but generally, yes.
What we do not have, of course, is the crazy American thing of “skin colours” and “races”, as the OP says. Never ever. Do that in Europe, and people would immediately think you are a mad racist. “Race”, in Europe, is a term used for dogs or horses, and nobody really cares what “colour” Italians, Greeks, Portuguese, Spanish, French or Moroccans are. Of course, there are racists also in Europe, and they are quite the only ones who use such terminology; differently from the U.S., the vast majority of people never use it. Social problems in Europe are mostly associated with the religion or with the politics, not with the skin colour like in the U.S.
不，这是不对的，在欧洲(不知道北欧国家)，情况恰恰相反，我们说棕色头发比“黑色”更多，这就是为什么“纯黑”是我们不经常拥有的特征，没有“棕色”那么多，这是肯定的。当然，也有真正的完全黑色头发的人，但我可以说棕色头发的人占大多数，至少在西班牙、意大利、葡萄牙，我想希腊也是。也许不是在所有地区和城镇，但总的来说，是的。
当然，正如上文所言，我们没有疯狂的美国人的“肤色”和“种族”狂热。从来没有。在欧洲这么做，人们会立刻认为你是一个疯狂的种族主义者。”在欧洲，“种族”是用来形容狗或马的，没有人真正关心意大利人、希腊人、葡萄牙人、西班牙人、法国人或摩洛哥人的“肤色”是什么。
当然，在欧洲也有种族主义者，而且他们是唯一使用这种术语的人;与美国不同的是，这里的绝大多数人从不使用它。欧洲的社会问题大多与宗教或政治有关，而不像美国那样与肤色有关。
I’m curious, when applying for a job where you live, does your potential employer ask your race/ gender? That’s a thing here in the U.S. and I find it really odd and don’t know what the purpose of the question is.
我很好奇，在申请你居住的地方的工作时，你的潜在雇主会问你的种族/性别吗?
这在美国是一件很奇怪的事情，我也不知道问这个问题的目的是什么。
US University recently introduced racial segregation, that's funny when some people in quora continue reject human races. Look it up:
美国大学最近引入了种族隔离，有趣的是Quora上的一些人继续拒绝人类种族。链接略
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I'm in England and yes, they do. All forms ask for ethnicity and gender.
我在英格兰，是的，他们会的。所有类型的都会询问你的种族和性别。
I'm from Colombia and live in Mexico. I've worked in both countries. Neither country asks for race in their job application forms. And I'll go beyond a bit: the Mexican Migration Institute does not ask for race in its application forms for residency, visa or citizenship. And people from everywhere apply for those statuses, so, you can ask anyone.
我来自哥伦比亚，住在墨西哥。我在两个国家都工作过。两个国家都没有在工作申请表中询问种族问题。
我还可以说得更详细一些：墨西哥移民研究所在申请居留权、签证或公民身份时，不会要求申请者填写种族。来自世界各地的人都在申请这些身份，所以，你可以问任何人。
In Germany they ask about nationality in relation to work permit, gender is kind of obvious as there's your name on your cv.
Race is not a thing.
在德国，他们会根据工作许可询问国籍，性别很明显，因为你的简历上有你的名字。
Gender male / female sure, you should put it in the most applications.
“Race” does not exist, only for dogs or horses - never use that word for human beings, forget it. But it is not just in Europe, in South America or Australia is the same. The only place where that word is used must be the United States, maybe South Africa. Places that have or had segregation, racism, apartheid, etc.
We distinguish people only according to their nationality as shown in the passport. So, an American with Italian ancestry, for example, is just a U.S. American for us, exactly like an American with English ancestry, and nothing else. And so on.
性别询问，当然，你应该把它放在大多数场景中。
“种族”这个词并不存在，只存在于狗和马身上——永远不要把这个词用在人类身上，忘记它吧。但这不仅仅是在欧洲，在南美或澳大利亚也是一样的。唯一使用这个词的地方一定是美国，可能是南非。种族隔离、种族歧视之类的地方。
我们只根据护照上显示的国籍来区分人，例如，一个有意大利血统的美国人，对我们来说，它只是一个美国人，和有英国血统的美国人一样，仅此而已。
I’m curious, is race a thing in the UK? In the US, we occasionally hear news stories about discrimination against black people in the UK in in daily life as well as by the police. I also read UK news online (from reputable sources like the Guardian and FT, not crap like the Sun) and over the past couple of years, they have also had stories about racial profiling and discrimination by the police. It seems to me, that either the UK has different attitudes from continental Europe or your assertation that race is not an issue in Europe is somewhat idealistic.
我很好奇，种族问题在英国也存在吗?在美国，我们偶尔会听到关于英国黑人在日常生活中受到歧视的新闻报道，也会听到警察对黑人的歧视。
我也在网上阅读英国新闻(《卫报》和《金融时报》等知名媒体，而不是《太阳报》等垃圾新闻)，在过去几年里，他们也有关于警方种族定性和歧视的报道。
在我看来，要么是英国的态度与欧洲大陆不同，要么是你断言欧洲不存在种族问题多少有些理想化。
I live in Liverpool, England. Race is a thing. We don't have a large black population in Liverpool but racism happens. We have a high Muslim population here. There will always be discrimination where there are people different than you. I don't think it matters whether it is skin colour or culture. I faced discrimination as a child because I had an unusual name and because I have olive skin. Yep, something as small as having a tan in the summer made me different. In the 80s when I was growing up people didn't have foreign holidays so anything different was noticed. The food I ate was picked upon.
We don't have the same racial tension as in America between black and white. It is more subtle but it is there no matter what people like to believe.
我住在英国的利物浦。种族问题确实存在。利物浦的黑人人口不多，但种族歧视时有发生。我们这里有很多穆斯林人口。如果有和你不同的人，总会有歧视。
我认为无论是肤色还是文化都不重要。我小时候面临歧视，因为我有一个不寻常的名字，因为我有橄榄色的皮肤。是的，夏天晒黑这样的小事情足以让我与众不同。在我成长的80年代，人们没有过外国节日，所以任何不一样的事情都会被注意到。我吃的食物都会被人说道。
我们没有美国黑人和白人之间的那种种族紧张关系。它更微妙，但无论人们如何看待，它都是存在的。
Islam is a religion, not a race. I don't think the UK has any racial issues considering that 40% of the UK population are non-European migrants. European Whites are minority in London. In 2019 I was in London downtown, I was only a White person in the buses.
伊斯兰教是一种宗教，不是一个种族。我不认为英国有任何种族问题，因为英国40%的人口是非欧洲移民。
欧洲白人在伦敦占少数。2019年，我在伦敦市中心，在公交车上我是唯一一个白人。
I know Islam is a religion but how many English people are Musli...? So it is about race and religion. I've lived in England most of my life and people do discriminate. But here you are again, just making up your own narrative because you were in London once
我知道伊斯兰教是一种宗教，但有多少英国人是穆斯林?所以这是关于种族和宗教的。我大半生都住在英国，人们确实有歧视。
我知道伊斯兰教是一种宗教，但有多少英国人是穆斯林?所以这是关于种族和宗教的。我大半生都住在英国，人们确实有歧视。而你又来了，纯粹在编造你自己的故事，就因为你曾经去过伦敦。
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I was in London 5 times visiting my friends. Ethnic English people are indigenous people of the UK, Christianity is their native religion, not Islam. Why English people should become Musli...? Maybe Musli... must convert to Christianity already since they moved to the Christian UK? What basically Islam has to do with the United Kingdom? Brits don't own anything to anyone because Brits are worldwide minority and the UK is their only home.
我去过伦敦5次，去看望我的朋友。英国人是英国的原住民，基督教是他们的本土宗教，而不是伊斯兰教。为什么英国人应该成为穆斯林?也许穆斯林自从搬到基督教的英国后就必须改信基督教? 伊斯兰教和英国有什么关系?英国人不欠别人任何东西，因为英国人是世界上的少数族裔，英国是他们唯一的家。
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I didn't suggest that English people should convert to Islam. The fact is that most Musli... are not ethnically British. So when talking about discrimination against Islam it is generally accepted that there are people of middle Eastern etc origin that are Muslim and that's why I include them in the racial discrimination group.
我没有建议英国人改信伊斯兰教。事实上，大多数穆斯林不是英国人。
所以当谈到对伊斯兰教的歧视时，人们普遍指的是来自中东的穆斯林，这就是为什么我把他们包括在种族歧视群体中。
Middle Eastern people are worldwide majority and not indigenous to the UK therefore cannot complain for any discrimination because worldwide majority cannot be discriminated by definition.
中东人在世界范围内占多数，而英国本土人是少数，因此前者不能抱怨任何歧视，因为世界范围内的大多数人不能被定义为歧视。
Wow. Do you actually believe the stuff you type or do you just like being wrong?
哇。你是真的相信你输入的东西，还是你只是喜欢自己犯错?
No. In Europe black is black and dark brown is dark brown. People mistake brown for black but true black hair is not so common.
在欧洲，黑头发是黑头发，深棕头发是深棕头发。人们把棕色误认为黑色，但真正的黑色头发并不常见。
In Russia you will be considered black if you have a black hair because according to the european classification, you must have blond hair and blue eyes to be considered White. Remember that Italians weren't considered White according to the American classification in the 19th century and had to prove their “whiteness” in the court to get the US citizenship
在俄罗斯，如果你有一头黑色的头发，你就会被认为是黑人，因为根据欧洲分类，你必须有金发和蓝眼睛才能被认为是白人。
记住，根据19世纪的美国分类，意大利人并不被认为是白人，他们必须在法庭上证明自己是“白人”才能获得美国公民身份。
I never read such a load of bovine manure ever before!
There is no such thing as “European Classification “ of whites!
我从未读过如此一文不值的东西。
在欧洲，这里根本就没有所谓的对白人的“欧洲分类”！
I also think Anna Hag is talking a load of tripe.
我觉得Anna说的垃圾话够多了。
Check out her WW2 comments….she or rather, He is either being paid by the Russians or gets his information from CNN
看看她对二战的言论，她/他要么是俄罗斯付钱发帖的要么是从CNN获取信息的。
Ahhh Anna, I was wondering when the Aryan comment would rear its head.
Still being a slave to Russian propoganda?
哎呀呀，Anna，我好奇你什么时候谈及雅利安人种？
还在当俄罗斯宣传的奴隶吗？
So if you have black hair you are black and to be white you must have blond hair and blue eyes; where does that leave a green eyed redhead like me?
所以，如果你有黑色的头发，你就是黑人；如果你是白人，你必须有金色的头发和蓝色的眼睛。那像我这样绿眼红发的人该怎么分类?
Red-haired in Russia are called gingers
红色头发在俄罗斯被称为姜黄色。
Black, like real black hair, is rarer than blond in Europe.
If you're confusing brown with black and mixing them up in the same group, I think you need to see an ophthalmologist.
黑色，就像真正的黑色头发一样，在欧洲比金发更罕见。
如果你混淆了棕色和黑色，并把它们混在同一组中，我认为你需要去看眼科医生。
You nailed it Jose Maria!
America seems to be stuck in a loop of racial identification and socio-psychological perversion surrounding that perception. Everything about people seem to be in terms of black or white as opposed to America as a culture.
One can argue that a culture where race defines people above all else, perhaps hasn’t yet reached its maturity to be worthy of being called a genuine cohesive culture.
你说得对，楼主!
美国似乎陷入了种族认同和社会心理扭曲的循环中。与人有关的一切似乎都是黑人或白人，而不是美国文化。
有人可能会说，一个种族定义高于一切的文化，也许还没有成熟到值得被称为真正有凝聚力的文化。
I’m Australian, and I remember getting a job in the 90’s with an American company. One question on the paperwork was “race”. I laughed and wrote “human”. Later I found out that of the three of us who got the job, two had chosen human and one was just too weirded out to fill it in.
Americans. They weird.
我是澳大利亚人，我记得在90年代在一家美国公司找到了一份工作。文书上的一个问题是“种族”。我笑着写下“人类”。
后来我发现，在我们三个得到这份工作的人中，有两个选择了人类，而另一个填的过于奇怪。
美国人。他们很奇怪。
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