英国目前面临的商品短缺有多严重？
How severe are the goods shortages currently being faced in the UK?
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网友：我现在在商店里找不到我喜欢的蛋黄酱品牌，白葡萄酒醋似乎也不见了。如果我喜欢(或者更确切地说，如果我丈夫喜欢)赫尔曼的蛋黄酱，我也会很满意，因为他们有很多这种东西。有时候，我的首选面包粉不见了，尽管货架上有好几种选择......
正文翻译
How severe are the goods shortages currently being faced in the UK?
英国目前面临的商品短缺有多严重？
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I can't currently find my preferred brand of mayonnaise in the shops, and white wine vinegar seems to have disappeared too. If I liked (or rather, if my husband liked) Hellmann's Mayonnaise I'd be fine, because they've got gallons of the stuff. Some days, my first choice of bread flour is missing, though there are several alternatives on the shelves.
Honestly, truthfully, that's about the sort of level. We are talking about minor inconvenience, nothing more. And nobody is starving, or even suffering.
我现在在商店里找不到我喜欢的蛋黄酱品牌，白葡萄酒醋似乎也不见了。如果我喜欢(或者更确切地说，如果我丈夫喜欢)赫尔曼的蛋黄酱，我也会很满意，因为他们有很多这种东西。有时候，我的首选面包粉不见了，尽管货架上有好几种选择。
说实话，差不多就到了这种程度。我们说的只是小小的不方便，仅此而已。没有人挨饿，甚至没有人受苦。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The thing is British supermarkets have so ruthlessly driven down producer margins many UK agribusinesses have simply been cut out of the UK market by EU farm subsidies.
(Efficient UK producers were - by design - inelligable for protection afforded low-output, hobby-level farming as a part of post-war continental Europe's social contract. Having been excluded until De Gaul was no longer around to exercise his veto, the protectionist CAP rules were already in place, and very much to UK producer's disadvantage.)
Sadly it will take a lot longer to re-build trust between UK farmers and UK retailers than it will to rebuild lost production capacity, and that means a shift in British consumers’ buying habits.
问题是，英国超市无情地压低了生产者利润，许多英国农业综合企业被欧盟农业补贴排挤出了英国市场。（作为战后欧洲大陆社会契约的一部分，高效的英国生产者天生就没有资格受到保护，只能从事低产量、业余水平的农业生产。直到戴高乐不再行使否决权，保护主义的CAP规则才被排除在外，这对英国生产商来说非常不利。）
遗憾的是，重建英国农民和零售商之间的信任，比重建失去的生产能力所需的时间要长得多，这意味着英国消费者购买习惯的转变。
No idea. I know it is a bit pointless, but all I can say is that living in central Cornwall, an area absolutely bursting with holidaymakers (so the population is over twice what it normally is), an area renowned for it’s traffic problems in normal times, with only one major road connecting it to the rest of the UK, I have not seen any evidence of shortages.
I am not saying there are none, I’m not saying everything is fine I’m just saying if there are problems, I personally have not experienced them
不知道。我知道这有点毫无意义，但我能说的是，生活在康沃尔郡中部，一个绝对挤满了度假者的地区(所以人口是平时的两倍多)，这个地区在正常时期因交通问题而闻名，那里只有一条主要道路连接它和英国的其他地方，我没有看到任何物资短缺的迹象。
我不是说没有，也不是说一切都好，我只是说即使有这个问题，至少我个人没有经历过
Shortages are not the problem, there are allegedly warehouses upon warehouses full of stock, freezers and Abattoirs full of livestock and farms with beasts a plenty.
The problems that are facing the supermarkets and stores within the U.K., are the lack of licensed drivers, this is why we currently see empty shelves, which in turn spreads the threats and thoughts of the public to having shortages of foodstuffs. This is also due to the uneducated fears imposed on the population about the rise in prices and the shortage of food brought on by the Brexit campaign.
短缺不是问题，据说有一个一个仓库的库存，冷库和屠宰场的牲畜和农场的牲畜很多。
英国超市和商店面临的问题是缺乏有执照的司机，这就是为什么我们现在看到货架空空如也，这反过来传播了公众对食品短缺的想法。这也是由于英国脱欧运动导致的价格上涨和食品短缺给民众带来的无知恐惧。
Much better than at the beginning of the pandemic 18 months ago, when you couldn’t get bread flour for months. But there are delivery problems for some goods. This is due to a combination of EU drivers returning to the continent after Brexit, driving schools having been closed through the pandemic so old drivers were retiring but no new ones were qualifying, and a “pingdemic” of people in jobs where they mingle a lot being “pinged” and told to self-isolate because they have been in contact with an infected person.
比18个月前疫情刚开始的时候好多了，当时好几个月都买不到面包粉。但是有一些货物在交货方面出现了问题。这是由于欧盟司机在英国脱欧后返回欧洲大陆，驾校在疫情期间关闭，所以老司机退休了，但新司机没有资格运输，还有一种“流行病”，人们在工作中经常与人接触，被告知要自我隔离，因为他们与感染者有过接触。
So far the only 2 issues I have encountered is an inability to source Coke Zero in a Scotmid, I had to settle for Diet Coke. And one evening I could not find a fresh pineapple for love nor money. That however was at 6:30PM which is never an optimal time to be shopping for fruit, even in Scotland.
Remainers keep telling me I am starving to death and while I have lost 2.2KG this month that has been down to “other factors” than slowly wasting away from lack of sustenance.
In terms of the shortages in a macro setting they are fairly standard across the world with shipping costs very high, huge sections of the global supply chain self-isolating and even a shortage of containers.
到目前为止，我遇到的唯一两个问题是无法在苏格兰找到零度可乐，我不得不接受健怡可乐。从早到晚，我无论如何也找不到新鲜的菠萝。
然而，那是在下午6:30，这从来不是买水果的最佳时间，即使在苏格兰。
留下的人一直告诉我，我快饿死了，虽然我这个月瘦了2.2公斤，但这是由于“其他因素”，而不是由于缺乏营养而慢慢消瘦的。
就宏观环境下的短缺而言，它们在世界各地都是相当标准的，航运成本非常高，全球供应链的很大一部分是处在自我隔离的状态，甚至缺乏集装箱。
just been on an interview with a grocery chain. I Asked about this.
No food shortages per se,just a wee delay. But the manager said it was because we were served by Warrington area which is a huge transport hub, and that certain branches elsewhere were really struggling. He went on to say that certain suppliers such as coca cola were struggling to get their products into the distribution warehouses .
我刚参加了一个杂货连锁店的面试。我问过这个问题。
没有食物短缺问题，只是送货稍有延误。但经理说，这是因为我们是在沃灵顿地区服务的，那里是一个巨大的交通枢纽，而其他地方的某些分行真的处在挣扎之中。他接着说，一些供应商，如可口可乐，正在努力把他们的产品送进配送仓库。
Yesterday, I went to buy some milk from a small Sainsbury’s store for my parents in south London. They had none. I have never seen a mini supermarket run out of milk before. That’s ok, I thought, there’s a mini Tesco’s down the road , I’ll go there. They had two bottles left. Normally they’d have 10–20 at least.
My own large supermarket is now frequently running out of certain types of bread and bagels and milk.
Outside of common goods, it is now nearly impossible to get scientific supplies arriving on time at my lab. Much of this is undoubtedly because of covid - many supplies are being sent to hospitals or labs to test or treat for covid . But other items that are irrelevant to covid are also impossible to find , and this all started early this year. Is this because of Brexit ? Certainly some companies are blaming their sudden inability to supply items on that but maybe they’re just making excuses.
昨天，我去伦敦南部的一家小塞恩斯伯里商店给我的父母买了一些牛奶。已经卖光了，我从没见过小型超市的牛奶卖光。没关系，我想，这条路上有一家迷你特易购超市，我就去那里买。他们还剩下两瓶。正常情况下，他们至少还有10-20瓶。
我自己的大型超市现在经常有某些种类的面包、百吉饼和牛奶售罄。
除了普通物品，现在几乎不可能让科研用品准时到达我的实验室。毫无疑问，这在很大程度上是因为新冠病毒——许多物资被送往医院或实验室，以检测或治疗新冠病毒。但其他与新冠病毒无关的物品也不可能找到，这一切都是从今年年初开始的。这是因为英国脱欧吗？当然，一些公司指责他们突然无法供应产品，但也许他们只是在找借口。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
I know what the co-ops doing, they have changed suppliers and using different brands, so no problem there. Plus I live near 3 supermarkets 4 if you count Tesco Express and haven't experienced any problems. My parents who only have one supermarket experienced some problems a couple of weeks ago but it has now been sorted. So if a Afghan refugee decided to go shopping he or she would think they have struck gold and wouldn't moan like a negative remoaner.
我知道合作社在做什么，他们更换了供应商，使用了不同品牌的产品，所以没有问题。而且我住的地方离超市很近，如果算上Tesco Express的话，我也没遇到过任何问题。我的父母只有一家超市，几周前遇到了一些问题，但现在已经解决了。因此，如果一个阿富汗难民决定去购物，他或她会认为他们找到了黄金，而不会像一个消极的悲叹者那样抱怨。
I do most of my grocery shopping online and other than a few substitutions and an episode last week where milk wasn’t delivered at all, I’ve not noticed any shortages.
It’s certainly not as bad as at the beginning of the pandemic when you could only find 1-ply toilet paper and there was no flour in any shops because everyone decided that the response to a national emergency was to bake banana bread.
我大部分的购物都是在网上进行的，除了一些替代品和上周的牛奶根本没有送到，我没有注意到任何的食物短缺。
这当然不像疫情开始时那么糟糕，当时你只能找到一层卫生纸，任何商店都没有面粉，因为每个人都决定对国家紧急情况的反应是烤香蕉面包。
I went to our local Tesco on Friday the only item I couldn't get were petit pois but I got the last bag of white bread flour that was out — plenty of wholemeal though — and I noticed some gaps that were obviously meant to have stock present, I also noticed that the blueberry packs were all 250gm none of the larger size I normally buy.
周五，我去了当地的特易购，唯一买不到的是小馅饼，但我买到了最后一袋白面包粉—大量的全麦食品—我还注意到蓝莓包装都是250克，没有我通常购买的大规格的包装了。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The other day, Tesco had no milk so I had to nip into the local Sainsburys and get it there instead.
For the past two weeks, the Tesco’s own 14p a pack chicken flavour instant noodles have been out of stock. They’re the only brand and flavour my eldest likes, and sometimes she has them for lunch. Inevitably, I ran out at the same time as the shops, so she was a bit moany about it.
Last week, I had to pay 80p for a slightly smaller tin of sweetcorn than the one I normally get for 35p. Admittedly this was because I was too lazy to go to another shop and see if they had the cheap brand in stock. They had also run out of frozen sweetcorn and only had corn on the cobs, but that may have been due to the freezer breakdown a few days before.
So far, in the South East, it appears some things vanish from one shop for a day or two, but are freely available in others, then re-appear. It’s mildly frustrating, but there’s usually plenty of alternative brands/flavours of things available without even having to go to a different shop.
To be perfectly honest, if it wasn’t for the papers shouting about food shortages, driver shortages, Christmas will be ruined etc, I don’t know that I would have really noticed anything much different, except for the day the milk ran out. It’s almost as though the papers/news programmes are running out of bad news to up their circulation and are trying to spark a new rush of panic buying to sell a few more papers!
有一天，特易购没有牛奶，所以我不得不去当地的Sainsburys（英国的一家大型超市）买牛奶。
过去两周，特易购自己的14便士一包鸡肉味方便面已经脱销。这是我大女儿唯一喜欢的品牌和口味，有时她会把它们当午餐吃。不可避免的是，我在去商店的时候已经卖光了，所以她对此有点不满。
上周，我不得不花80便士买了一罐甜玉米，比我通常买的35便士的还少了一点。无可否认，这是因为我太懒了，没有去另一家商店看看，看看他们是否有廉价品牌的库存。他们的冷冻甜玉米也卖光了，只有玉米棒子，但这可能是由于几天前冰箱坏了剩下来的。
到目前为止，在东南部，一些东西似乎在一到两天内就卖光了，但在其他地方是免费的，然后又重复这种现象。这有点令人沮丧，但通常一个店里有很多不同的品牌/口味的东西，甚至不需要去不同的商店去买。
老实说，如果不是报纸大肆宣扬食物短缺、司机短缺、圣诞节将被毁等等，我不知道我是否能够注意到这一点，除了牛奶用光的那一天，我可能会意识到。这似乎像是报纸/新闻节目已经没有坏消息来增加他们的发行量了，所以他们大肆宣扬食物短缺的消息，并试图引发新一轮的恐慌性购买，以卖出更多的报纸！
Not severe at all, because there is actually no goods shortages.
What is in shortage is the logistics chain; mainly lack of drivers, and a bit of fallout from Brexit.
In fact, they are probably happy there is a bit of a buzz about ‘shortages’ because it deflects from the real problem; a distribution system that they have cut to the bone on costs, has no excess capacity and that can’t stand any failures anywhere along its long and convoluted path.
You can prove this to yourself by going into any of the many independent and smaller retail shops; no shortages there.
一点也不严重，因为实际上没有商品短缺的问题。
缺少的是物流链；主要是缺乏司机，还有英国退欧带来的一些影响。
事实上，他们（超市）可能很高兴听到一些关于食物“短缺”的议论，因为这样就避开了真正的问题；他们在成本上已经削减到最低限度，没有了过剩的产能，在漫长而复杂的道路上无法承受任何故障。你可以进入任何一家独立的小型零售商店来证明这一点，没有出现食品短缺问题。
Some regions more effected than others. Some large chains of fast food restaurant experienced shortages like Nandos and Mcdonalds.
Hopefully the distribution issues can be overcome in the coming months as more drivers recruited and supply chains fixed.
I will say this, I'd like less reliance on imported goods, greater seasonal eating, more British product. Locally sourced. Less choice but greater quality. We don't need 50 types of the same product. Better for environment, less wastage, and our local economies.
有些地区比其他地区受影响更大。一些大型快餐连锁店遭遇了食品短缺，比如Nandos和麦当劳。
随着更多司机的加入和供应链的修复，配送问题有望在未来几个月得到解决。
我想说的是，我希望减少对进口商品的依赖，多吃应季食品，多吃英国自产的产品。本地采购。选择性少了，质量高了。我们不需要50种相同的产品，这样对环境更有利，减少浪费，促进当地经济发展。
I have seen many shortages here in the US also! The UK economy has been hit by several factors including labor shortages, new immigration rules, and the lingering effects of the pandemic. There is an extreme shortage of truck drivers which can cause a big back up of food and other material supplies. This has been compounded by more general labor shortages affecting meat packing and fruit picking jobs. Overall there is a major problem getting the supply chain working with the truck driver shortage. This is causing chain restaurants, grocery stores, and other businesses to be short of supplies.
我在美国也看到过很多食物短缺的问题！英国经济受到几个因素的打击，包括劳动力短缺、新移民规定和疫情的持续影响。
卡车司机的极度短缺会导致大量的食品和其他物资无法供应。影响肉类加工和水果采摘工作的更普遍的劳动力短缺加剧了这一问题。总的来说，让供应链在卡车司机短缺的情况下运作是一个大问题。这导致连锁餐厅、杂货店和其他企业物资供应的短缺。
One contributing factor I’ve not seen commented on yet is the change in shopping habits, particularly grocery shopping. Pre-pandemic, most people would do several medium-sized shops per week, in person. The pandemic encouraged a LOT of people to switch to home delivery or “click-and-collect”. Personally, my household went from twice-weekly supermarket shops to a single weekly collection. Now, the supermarkets tend to fulfill the delivery and collection orders overnight, to keep the fulfillment staff out of the way of “public” customers. This means that shelves are filled then very quickly almost emptied again into the boxes for delivery. By the time the public start flooding in mid-morning, the inventory on the shelves is significantly depleted, pretty much to the levels that previously were the norm at 10pm or 11pm. Overall, the shelves are no emptier than they were at that time of day, BUT those who are going back to shop in person are now seeing gaps in the shelves much earlier in the day.
As I say - this is another contributing factor, to be taken alongside all the other issues:
Shortage of shipping containers in the right place, due to the Suez incident
Shortage of HGV drivers due to training/testing suspended during Covid
Shortage of HGV drivers due to EU citizen drivers returning to their home country
Delays at ports due to changed customs requirements?
Shortage of staff (in buying, supplier, logistics and in-store) due to Covid illness and “pingdemic”
Panic buying as a result of misinformation, inadvertent or deliberate, regarding shortages
And probably more factors too. Overall, given there really are virtually no actual shortages and no-one’s going hungry, we’re doing remarkably well!
其中有一个因素是购物习惯的改变，尤其是杂货店购物。在疫情爆发前，大多数人每周都会亲自去几家中等规模的商店买东西。疫情促使许多人改用送货上门或“点击取货”方式。就我个人而言，我的家庭从每周两次的超市购物变成每周一次的购物。现在，超市倾向于在夜间完成送货和取货订单，以避免工作人员妨碍“公众”顾客。这意味着货架很快就会被填满，然后几乎又被清空到快递的盒子里。上午10点左右，当公众开始涌入超市时，货架上的库存已经大幅减少，几乎达到了此前晚上10点或11点的正常水平。总的来说，货架并没有比当天那个时候更空，但那些亲自去购物的人现在很早的就看到货架上空空荡荡的了。
正如我所说，这是另一个促成因素， 应与所有其他问题一起加以考虑：
由于苏伊士事件，一些地方缺少集装箱
在新冠疫情期间，由于培训/测试暂停，载重物车辆司机短缺
由于欧盟司机返回了他们的祖国，载重物车辆司机短缺
由于海关要求的改变，导致港口延误？
因新冠肺炎和“疫情”导致(采购、供应商、物流和店内)员工短缺
由于有关商品短缺的无意或故意的错误信息的传播而造成的恐慌性购买
可能还有更多的因素。总的来说，鉴于几乎没有食物短缺，也没有人挨饿，实际上我们做得非常好！
As always certain morons panic and make a difficult situation into an unnecessary crisis. There are shortages in supermarkets but plenty of substitutes are available if one cares to look or use common sense. The fuel “shortage" is the most ludicrous over reaction with widespread over reaction.
像往常一样，某些白痴总是惊慌失措，把一个困难的情况变成不必要的危机。超市供应短缺，但如果你用心观察或有一些常识，你可以找到大量的替代品。燃料“短缺”是最荒唐的过度反应，也是最普遍的过度反应。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
I don’t live in the UK. Therefore, I cannot know for sure how bad it is. I merely have some internet search articles to go on. I imagine the news makes it seem worse than it really is. I’d have to be there to see it for myself. I doubt it’s severe at all, otherwise people would be dying of starvation. Depends on what your sense of severity is relative to the current shortages is.
我不住在英国。因此，我不能确定情况有多糟糕。我只是参考了一些网上搜索的文章。我想这消息让事情看起来比实际情况更糟。我得亲自去看看。我怀疑情况一点也不得严重，否则人们会饿死的。这取决于你对当前食品短缺的严重性的看法。
It’s only today been revealed that the office responsible for issuing Trucking Licences, seemingly staffed exclusively by “Remainer Saboteurs”, actually stopped working over a year ago……….. the lack of Drivers is a myth! The lack is of truckers whose Licences are still valid!
All it needs is for Boris to wake up, call in the shirkers at Parliament, & decree that any Trucker with an otherwise valid, but time expired, Licence can go directly back to work as soon as he/she has a valid Medical fitness Certificate.
Parliament may, simultaneously, need to FORCE GP’s to return to work & do those medical Tests immediately. After all, they appear to be doing nothing else now. Boris could even allow the Army medics to issue these Certs; as the Gp’s charge a fortune for signing these, they’ll very quickly make that a priority once they see all that cash going elsewhere!
直到今天才有消息称，负责发放卡车运输许可证的部门，似乎只雇佣“留下来的破坏者”，实际上他们在一年多前就停止工作了........... 缺乏司机是一个荒诞的说法！缺少的是驾照仍然有效的卡车司机！
鲍里斯需要做的就是醒过来，在议会召集那些偷懒的人，颁布法令，只要他/她有有效的医疗健康证明，持有有效驾照的卡车司机都可以直接回去工作。
同时，议会可能需要强制全科医生返回工作岗位并立即进行体检。毕竟，他们现在似乎什么也没做。鲍里斯甚至可以让军医签发这些证书；因为全科医生在签署这些文件时会收取一大笔费用，一旦他们看到所有的现金都流向了其他地方，他们会很快把这作为优先事项！
I have seen photos posted on the internet of supermarkets that look completely empty but a photo doesn’t really tell me anything. It could have been taken years ago for all I know. I can only tell you my own experience and that is I have been unable to get my usual multipack for crisps for three weeks. Other than that I have been unaffected directly.
As for fuel, I have a petrol and a diesel vehicle. I know there have been problems around the country and I know someone who passed eight empty fuel stations on his way home to Wales but, again, I haven’t seen anything myself. No price hikes, no empty pumps, no queues. I am going to assume that the reason is no one was panic buying around here. At least not enough to be noticed. We have a local biodiesel manufacturer who supplies public buses, and I assume he would help out emergency vehicles if we had a real problem, plus we are surrounded by farmers so there is plenty of red diesel, and at push people could start to use their heating oil for some diesel engines. Sometimes it’s an advantage to live in the wild west ;-)
My guess is that fuel stations will be back to normal once people stop panic buying. Not sure about the supermarkets. I haven’t personally heard anyone I know complain about problems getting any food since March/April 2020. If the HGV driver shortage isn’t sorted somehow then there could be problems ahead.
I forgot to add, I went shopping today and my crisps were in stock.
我在网上看到过一些超市的照片，这些超市看起来空荡荡的，但一张照片并不能真正告诉我什么。据我所知，这可能是几年前拍的。我只能告诉你我自己的经历，那就是我已经有三个星期没能买到我通常用的薯片万用盒了。除此之外，我没有受到直接的影响。
至于燃料，我有一辆汽油车和一辆柴油车。我知道这个国家出现了一些问题，我知道有个人在回威尔士的路上经过了8个空加油站，但我没有经历过这些。燃料没有涨价，没有空油泵，没有排队。我认为原因是这里没有人恐慌性购买。至少人们还没有关注这个问题。我们有一家当地的生物柴油制造商提供公共汽车，我想如果我们真的遇到问题他会帮助提供紧急车辆，此外，我们周围都是农民，所以有大量的红柴油，在紧急情况下，人们可以开始将取暖油用于柴油发动机，有时住在蛮荒的西部是一种优势。
我猜，一旦人们停止恐慌性购买，加油站就会恢复正常。超市的情况不太确定。自2020年3月/ 4月以来，我个人没有听到我认识的人抱怨食物供应问题。如果载重物货车司机短缺问题无法解决，那么未来可能会出现这个问题。
我忘了说，我今天去购物了，我的薯片有存货。