从空气中吸收二氧化碳的试验开始在英国各地展开
Trials to suck carbon dioxide from the air to start across the UK
译文简介
“英国的工业革命始于18世纪，所以你也需要将历史排放量拿来一并与中国的排放量进行比较。”
正文翻译
Trials to suck carbon dioxide from the air to start across the UK
-A major £30m project will test trees, peat, rock chips, and charcoal as ways of removing climate-heating emissions
从空气中吸收二氧化碳的试验开始在英国各地展开
——一项耗资3000万英镑的大型项目将测试树木、泥炭、岩屑和木炭作为消除温室气体排放途径的效果
-A major £30m project will test trees, peat, rock chips, and charcoal as ways of removing climate-heating emissions
从空气中吸收二氧化碳的试验开始在英国各地展开
——一项耗资3000万英镑的大型项目将测试树木、泥炭、岩屑和木炭作为消除温室气体排放途径的效果
(Tree planting to offset C02 near Carlisle, Cumbria. Large-scale tree planting will be among the methods used in the project.)
（在坎布里亚郡卡莱尔附近植树来中和二氧化碳排放。大规模植树将是该项目中使用的方法之一。）
新闻：
Climate-heating carbon dioxide will be sucked from the air using trees, peat, rock chips, and charcoal in major new trials across the UK.
在英国各地进行的大型新试验中，人们将使用树木、泥炭、岩屑和木炭从空气中吸收导致气候变暖的二氧化碳。
在英国各地进行的大型新试验中，人们将使用树木、泥炭、岩屑和木炭从空气中吸收导致气候变暖的二氧化碳。
Scientists said the past failure to rapidly cut emissions means some CO2 will need to be removed from the atmosphere to reach net zero by 2050 and halt the climate crisis. The £30m project funded by UK Research and Innovation will test ways to do this effectively and affordably on over 100 hectares (247 acres) of land, making it one of the biggest trials in the world.
科学家们表示，过去未能迅速减少排放意味着现在需要主动从大气中去除一些二氧化碳，才能在2050年达成零排放，并阻止气候危机。这个由英国研究与创新中心资助的项目将在超过100公顷（247英亩）的土地上测试有效且经济的方法，3000万英镑的投资使其成为了世界上最大的试验之一。
科学家们表示，过去未能迅速减少排放意味着现在需要主动从大气中去除一些二氧化碳，才能在2050年达成零排放，并阻止气候危机。这个由英国研究与创新中心资助的项目将在超过100公顷（247英亩）的土地上测试有效且经济的方法，3000万英镑的投资使其成为了世界上最大的试验之一。
Degraded peatlands will be re-wetted and replanted in the Pennines and west Wales, while rock chips that absorb CO2 as they break down in soil will be tested on farms in Devon, Hertfordshire and mid-Wales. Special charcoal called biochar will be buried at a sewage disposal site, on former mine sites and railway embankments.
在奔宁山脉和威尔士西部，退化的泥炭地将被重新湿润并重新种植，而在德文郡、赫特福德郡和威尔士中部的农场将对在土壤中分解吸收二氧化碳的岩屑进行测试。一种叫做生物炭的特殊木炭将被埋在一个污水处理场、以前的矿场和铁路路堤上。
在奔宁山脉和威尔士西部，退化的泥炭地将被重新湿润并重新种植，而在德文郡、赫特福德郡和威尔士中部的农场将对在土壤中分解吸收二氧化碳的岩屑进行测试。一种叫做生物炭的特殊木炭将被埋在一个污水处理场、以前的矿场和铁路路堤上。
The best large-scale ways to use trees to capture carbon will also be examined across the UK, including on Ministry of Defence and National Trust land. The last trial will measure the carbon removal potential of energy crops such as willow and miscanthus grass for the first time at commercial scale. These crops would be burned for energy, with the CO2 emissions trapped and stored underground.
在英国，包括国防部和国家信托基金所有的土地上，也将对大规模利用树木捕捉碳的最佳方式进行研究。最后一项试验将首次以商业规模测量柳树和芒草等能源作物的碳去除潜力。这些作物将被燃烧为能源，而排放的二氧化碳将被封存并储存在地下。
在英国，包括国防部和国家信托基金所有的土地上，也将对大规模利用树木捕捉碳的最佳方式进行研究。最后一项试验将首次以商业规模测量柳树和芒草等能源作物的碳去除潜力。这些作物将被燃烧为能源，而排放的二氧化碳将被封存并储存在地下。
“This is seriously exciting and pretty much world leading,” said Prof Cameron Hepburn, at the University of Oxford and who is leading the coordination of the trials. “Nobody really wants to be in the situation of having to suck so much CO2 from the atmosphere. But that’s where we are – we’ve delayed [climate action] for too long.”
牛津大学的卡梅隆·赫本教授说：“这是一项非常令人兴奋的研究，也是世界领先的研究。没有人真的想要处于不得不从大气中吸收这么多二氧化碳的境地。但这就是我们的现状——我们已经拖延（气候行动）太久了。”
牛津大学的卡梅隆·赫本教授说：“这是一项非常令人兴奋的研究，也是世界领先的研究。没有人真的想要处于不得不从大气中吸收这么多二氧化碳的境地。但这就是我们的现状——我们已经拖延（气候行动）太久了。”
He emphasised that cutting emissions from fossil fuel burning as fast as possible remains vital to tackling global heating: “There’s no suggestion that [CO2 removal] is a substitute for reducing our emissions.”
他强调，尽快减少化石燃料燃烧的排放对应对全球变暖仍然至关重要：“没有迹象表明（二氧化碳吸收）能够替代减少排放。”
他强调，尽快减少化石燃料燃烧的排放对应对全球变暖仍然至关重要：“没有迹象表明（二氧化碳吸收）能够替代减少排放。”
Scientists at the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change have concluded there is no way of keeping the global temperature rise to the internationally agreed target of 1.5C without both cutting emissions and removing billions of tonnes of CO2 a year by 2050. The UK’s official climate advisers estimate the UK is likely to need to remove about 100m tonnes of CO2 a year by 2050 to reach net zero.
政府间气候变化专门委员会的科学家们得出结论，如果每年不同时减排并吸收数十亿吨二氧化碳，那么到2050年就无法将全球气温上升控制在国际商定的1.5摄氏度的目标之内。英国官方气候顾问估计，到2050年，英国可能需要每年吸收约1亿吨二氧化碳，才能实现净零排放。
政府间气候变化专门委员会的科学家们得出结论，如果每年不同时减排并吸收数十亿吨二氧化碳，那么到2050年就无法将全球气温上升控制在国际商定的1.5摄氏度的目标之内。英国官方气候顾问估计，到2050年，英国可能需要每年吸收约1亿吨二氧化碳，才能实现净零排放。
Carbon removal is also deemed essential because it will be difficult to halt all emissions from sectors such as aviation, farming and cement by 2050. The new trials are part of a £110m government programme that also includes trials of using technology to scrub CO2 directly from the air.
碳吸收也被认为是必不可少的，因为到2050年，很难停止来自航空、农业和水泥等行业的所有排放。这项新的试验是政府1.1亿英镑计划的一部分，该计划还包括使用技术直接从空气中清除二氧化碳的试验。
碳吸收也被认为是必不可少的，因为到2050年，很难停止来自航空、农业和水泥等行业的所有排放。这项新的试验是政府1.1亿英镑计划的一部分，该计划还包括使用技术直接从空气中清除二氧化碳的试验。
The coordination hub for the new trials will consider the social, ethical, and legal issues related to removing carbon. For example, said Hepburn: “If you’re grinding up rocks and putting it on land to grow food, then you want to make sure that what’s going into the food system is completely safe – I’m sure it will be.”
新试点的协调中心将考虑与减碳相关的社会、伦理和法律问题。比如，赫本说：“如果你把石头磨并碎放到土地上种植食物，那么你就要确保进入食物系统的东西是完全安全的——当然我相信肯定是安全的。”
新试点的协调中心将考虑与减碳相关的社会、伦理和法律问题。比如，赫本说：“如果你把石头磨并碎放到土地上种植食物，那么你就要确保进入食物系统的东西是完全安全的——当然我相信肯定是安全的。”
There is a current debate on whether carbon removal could be used by companies to offset their emissions, rather than cut them, and whether such offsets can be guaranteed to be genuine.
目前有一场辩论是关于企业是否可以利用碳吸收来抵消碳排放，而不是单纯减少排放，以及这种抵消是否可以保证是真实的。
目前有一场辩论是关于企业是否可以利用碳吸收来抵消碳排放，而不是单纯减少排放，以及这种抵消是否可以保证是真实的。
“We are very alive to the possibility that companies will just use offsetting as greenwashing,” said Hepburn. “Part of what this programme is about is to develop the monitoring, reporting and verification frxworks to ensure that removals are genuine.”
赫本说：“我们非常清楚，公司可能只是把抵消当作‘洗绿’。这个项目的部分内容是建立监测、报告和核查框架，以确保碳吸收是真实的。”
赫本说：“我们非常清楚，公司可能只是把抵消当作‘洗绿’。这个项目的部分内容是建立监测、报告和核查框架，以确保碳吸收是真实的。”
Enhanced rock weathering
Spreading basalt chips on fields will be trialled on arable and grazing land. Chemical reactions that degrade the rock lock CO2 into carbonate minerals within months. It is expected that up to 13 tonnes of CO2 per hectare could be locked up each year. In degraded soils, the rock chips can also help reverse acidification and replenish essential plant nutrients. “The joy is that if it does sequester CO2 and lead to enhanced agricultural productivity, then everybody’s laughing,” said Hepburn.
加强岩石风化
在耕地和牧场上进行玄武岩碎块撒播试验。在几个月内，降解岩石的化学反应将二氧化碳锁定为碳酸盐矿物。预计每年每公顷土地将有多达13吨二氧化碳被封存。在退化的土壤中，岩屑还可以帮助逆转酸化并补充土壤必要的植物营养。“令人高兴的是，如果它确实能封存二氧化碳并提高农业生产力，那么每个人都会开心的，”赫本说。
Spreading basalt chips on fields will be trialled on arable and grazing land. Chemical reactions that degrade the rock lock CO2 into carbonate minerals within months. It is expected that up to 13 tonnes of CO2 per hectare could be locked up each year. In degraded soils, the rock chips can also help reverse acidification and replenish essential plant nutrients. “The joy is that if it does sequester CO2 and lead to enhanced agricultural productivity, then everybody’s laughing,” said Hepburn.
加强岩石风化
在耕地和牧场上进行玄武岩碎块撒播试验。在几个月内，降解岩石的化学反应将二氧化碳锁定为碳酸盐矿物。预计每年每公顷土地将有多达13吨二氧化碳被封存。在退化的土壤中，岩屑还可以帮助逆转酸化并补充土壤必要的植物营养。“令人高兴的是，如果它确实能封存二氧化碳并提高农业生产力，那么每个人都会开心的，”赫本说。
Biochar
The trial will be the most comprehensive biochar trial to date and will add 200 tonnes of the material to 12 hectares (29.7 acres) of arable fields and grasslands. The charcoal-like material is produced from wood or organic waste. About 10 tonnes of biochar per hectare can be added to crop fields, but 50 tonnes or more could be buried under grassland. Biochar increases the ability of soil to hold water and nutrients and can help prevent run-off of fertilisers and pesticides.
生物炭
该试验将是迄今为止最全面的生物炭试验，将为12公顷（29.7英亩）的耕地和草地增加200吨生物炭。这种类似木炭的材料是从木材或有机废物中产生的。每公顷约有10吨生物炭可以添加到农田中，但50吨或更多的生物炭可以被埋在草地下。生物炭增加了土壤保持水分和养分的能力，并有助于防止化肥和杀虫剂的扩散。
The trial will be the most comprehensive biochar trial to date and will add 200 tonnes of the material to 12 hectares (29.7 acres) of arable fields and grasslands. The charcoal-like material is produced from wood or organic waste. About 10 tonnes of biochar per hectare can be added to crop fields, but 50 tonnes or more could be buried under grassland. Biochar increases the ability of soil to hold water and nutrients and can help prevent run-off of fertilisers and pesticides.
生物炭
该试验将是迄今为止最全面的生物炭试验，将为12公顷（29.7英亩）的耕地和草地增加200吨生物炭。这种类似木炭的材料是从木材或有机废物中产生的。每公顷约有10吨生物炭可以添加到农田中，但50吨或更多的生物炭可以被埋在草地下。生物炭增加了土壤保持水分和养分的能力，并有助于防止化肥和杀虫剂的扩散。
Perennial bioenergy crops
Coppiced willow and miscanthus grass can provide fuel for power stations and remove CO2 from the air if the exhaust gas is captured and stored underground. The trial will seek the best varieties and planting methods and assess how much carbon is also stored in the plants’ roots. Twenty hectares will be planted and current estimates are of 11-18 tonnes of CO2 being removed per hectare each year.
常年生物能源作物
灌木柳树和芒草可以为发电站提供燃料，如果废气被捕获并储存在地下，就可以从空气中去除二氧化碳。这项试验将寻求最好的品种和种植方法，并评估植物根系中还储存了多少碳。该项目将种植20公顷的土地，目前估计每公顷土地每年将清除11-18吨二氧化碳。
Coppiced willow and miscanthus grass can provide fuel for power stations and remove CO2 from the air if the exhaust gas is captured and stored underground. The trial will seek the best varieties and planting methods and assess how much carbon is also stored in the plants’ roots. Twenty hectares will be planted and current estimates are of 11-18 tonnes of CO2 being removed per hectare each year.
常年生物能源作物
灌木柳树和芒草可以为发电站提供燃料，如果废气被捕获并储存在地下，就可以从空气中去除二氧化碳。这项试验将寻求最好的品种和种植方法，并评估植物根系中还储存了多少碳。该项目将种植20公顷的土地，目前估计每公顷土地每年将清除11-18吨二氧化碳。
Peatlands
Today, damaged peatlands are the UK’s biggest source of CO2 emissions from the land and the trials aim to reverse this by blocking drainage and raising water levels. In lowland trials, former agricultural land will be converted into a “carbon farm” and in the upland trials peat will be restored via measures such as planting sphagnum moss. A restored peatland could absorb 10 tonnes of CO2/ha/year, as well as preventing the loss of about 30T of CO2/ha/year. Renewed peatland will also help wildlife, flood prevention and water quality.
泥炭地
如今，被破坏的泥炭地是英国最大的二氧化碳排放源，试验旨在通过堵塞排水系统和提高水位来扭转这一局面。在低地试验中，将原农地改造为“碳农场”；在高地试验中，通过种植泥炭苔等措施修复泥炭地。修复后的泥炭地可吸收10吨二氧化碳/公顷/年，防止损失约30吨二氧化碳/公顷/年。更新的泥炭地还将有助于野生动物、防洪和改善水质。
Today, damaged peatlands are the UK’s biggest source of CO2 emissions from the land and the trials aim to reverse this by blocking drainage and raising water levels. In lowland trials, former agricultural land will be converted into a “carbon farm” and in the upland trials peat will be restored via measures such as planting sphagnum moss. A restored peatland could absorb 10 tonnes of CO2/ha/year, as well as preventing the loss of about 30T of CO2/ha/year. Renewed peatland will also help wildlife, flood prevention and water quality.
泥炭地
如今，被破坏的泥炭地是英国最大的二氧化碳排放源，试验旨在通过堵塞排水系统和提高水位来扭转这一局面。在低地试验中，将原农地改造为“碳农场”；在高地试验中，通过种植泥炭苔等措施修复泥炭地。修复后的泥炭地可吸收10吨二氧化碳/公顷/年，防止损失约30吨二氧化碳/公顷/年。更新的泥炭地还将有助于野生动物、防洪和改善水质。
Large-scale tree planting
“Trees represent the most cost-effective way of removing CO2 from the atmosphere, while also delivering benefits such as enhancing biodiversity and recreational and health improvements,” said Prof Ian Bateman, at the University of Exeter, who is leading these trials.
大规模的植树
领导这些试验的埃克塞特大学伊恩·贝特曼教授说：“树木是消除大气中二氧化碳最经济有效的方式，同时还能带来诸如增强生物多样性、娱乐和健康改善等好处。”
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“Trees represent the most cost-effective way of removing CO2 from the atmosphere, while also delivering benefits such as enhancing biodiversity and recreational and health improvements,” said Prof Ian Bateman, at the University of Exeter, who is leading these trials.
大规模的植树
领导这些试验的埃克塞特大学伊恩·贝特曼教授说：“树木是消除大气中二氧化碳最经济有效的方式，同时还能带来诸如增强生物多样性、娱乐和健康改善等好处。”
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But he warned planting trees can have disastrous consequences, if they are planted on peat and release carbon, for example. The trials will test how to plant the right tree in the right place. The trees will be measured and also surveyed by drone and carbon buildup in the soils will be checked.
但他警告说，例如，如果把树木种植在泥炭上并释放碳，就会产生灾难性的后果。这些试验将测试如何在正确的地方种植正确的树。树木将由无人机测量和调查，土壤中的碳积累也将被检查。
但他警告说，例如，如果把树木种植在泥炭上并释放碳，就会产生灾难性的后果。这些试验将测试如何在正确的地方种植正确的树。树木将由无人机测量和调查，土壤中的碳积累也将被检查。
Up to 13T CO2e/ha/year could be stored, and Bateman said: “You can start now, you just need land and plants. There is huge potential to make an immediate difference towards the goal of net zero by 2050.”
每年最多可储存13T二氧化碳当量/公顷，贝特曼说：“你现在就可以开始，你只需要土地和植物。要实现2050年的净零排放目标，我们有巨大的潜力。”
每年最多可储存13T二氧化碳当量/公顷，贝特曼说：“你现在就可以开始，你只需要土地和植物。要实现2050年的净零排放目标，我们有巨大的潜力。”
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Interesting. Tackling climate change is going to require us to do everything I guess.
有意思。我想，应对气候变化需要我们尽一切努力。
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I mean, climate change is basically happening because we're taking co2 that's been removed from the eco system for millions of years and pumping it back into the atmosphere, getting it back out of the atmosphere should always have been a priority
我想说，气候变化基本上正在发生，因为我们正在把数百万年来从生态系统中吸收的二氧化碳又重新排放回大气中，再把它从大气中抽回来应该一直是优先考虑的事情
If we were in a quick closed cycle, yes. But the closed cycle is slow, so people can externalise the cost on to the future whilst they live fat.
We are paying now for the inactions of our parents back in the 60s/70s. Arguably before, but that was when the problem started to become known and nothing was done.
Now here we are. Many can't afford homes, safe pensions are a dream, stable jobs are unheard of, salaries are a joke compared to the cost of living and we have to cover the cost of fixing the planet.
如果我们在一个快速封闭的循环中，那么是的。但是这个封闭的循环是缓慢的，所以人们可以把成本外部化到未来，同时他们这辈子还能活得很滋润。
我们现在正在为我们父母在六七十年代的不作为付出代价。这是有争议的，但那是问题开始被发现的时候，他们什么也没做。
现在我们来还债了。许多人买不起房子，安全的养老金只是一个梦想，稳定的工作闻所未闻，与生活成本相比，工资是一个笑话，我们必须承担修复地球的费用。
I went to a lecture awhile ago and the speaker concluded we’re pretty much going to have to tinker with large scale geo-engineering.
It’s risky but economic systems are just can’t change fast enough and everyone’s pointing fingers. Consumers blame businesses, business blame competitors, govts blame other govts.
Personally I’ve just accepted we’ll probably have a drop in living standards and insane levels of migration in the future.
不久前我去听了一个讲座，演讲人总结说我们将不得不对大规模的地球工程进行修补。
这是有风险的，但经济体系的变化不够快，每个人都在相互指责。消费者指责企业，企业指责竞争对手，政府指责其他政府。
就我个人而言，我已经接受了未来我们的生活水平可能会下降和疯狂的移民水平的前景。
insane levels of migration in the future.
This worries me, because the knock-on effect could be a collapse in humanitarian standards.
If climate-created conflict prompts millions of people to flee to Europe at a time when the number of non-skilled jobs is stagnant, you might see countries simply dropping out of the international agreements that govern refugees and human rights.
I keep thinking of the film 'Children of Men', where there are mass internment camps for 'fugees' with military control, implied neglect and inhuman treatment.
“疯狂的移民水平的前景”
这让我担心，因为其连锁反应可能是人道主义标准的崩溃。
如果气候造成的冲突促使数百万人逃往欧洲，而非技术工作的数量却停滞不前，你可能会看到一些国家干脆退出管理难民和人权的国际协议。
我一直在想电影《人类之子》，那里面有大批关押“难民”的集中营，有军事控制，暗示着忽视和不人道的待遇。
They'll do anything to stop it, apart from curb capitalistic greed, which is the actual root cause.
他们会做任何事情来阻止气候变暖，除了遏制资本主义的贪婪，但资本主义的贪婪才是真正的根源。
Tbf it's largely driven by the demands of society. It's easy to point fingers at large corporations but most people love buying things to make themselves feel better. Some people bother to recycle but not reduce. Then there's the fact that most people are unaware of their carbon footprint, especially the amount that's contributed by food + travelling.
There's more that can be done to regulate the industry but there's also a lot we can do as individuals. Most of us just don't care enough other than to post comments on articles such as these.
One of the biggest way to reduce our carbon footprint is to go plant based but of course that's too inconvenient got most people.
这很大程度上是由社会需求驱动的。指责大公司很容易，但大多数人喜欢买东西来让自己感觉更好。有些人费心去回收而不是减少购买。还有一个事实是，大多数人都没有意识到自己的碳排放，尤其是食物和旅行造成的碳排放。
在监管这个行业方面我们还有很多可以做的，但作为个人，我们也有很多可以做的。但我们中的大多数人所做的只是对这些文章发表评论而已。
减少碳排放最大的方法之一就是基于种树，当然这对大多数人来说太不方便了。
Recycling is a scam unfortunately.
As for going plant based reducing carbon footprint, that is also a scam and a lie.
不幸的是，回收利用就是一个骗局。
至于以工厂为基础来减少碳排放，那也是一个骗局和谎言。
An efficient system to burn biomass and capture the emissions would be absolutely fantastic, especially if it could cleanly incinerate trash - if they were widely adopted around the world by rural communities, remote facilities and places with plenty of excess biomass then what's currently part of the problem could swiftly transition into being part of the solution.
Even better if we can develop some processes to make that carbon useful, maybe stabilised so it's a useful aggregate in building materials or similar.
一个高效的生物质燃烧和捕获排放的系统绝对是不可思议的，特别是如果它可以清洁地焚烧垃圾的话——如果它们被世界各地的农村社区、偏远设施和拥有大量过剩生物质的地方广泛采用，那么目前的问题可能会迅速转变为解决方案的一部分。
更好的是，如果我们能开发出一些过程，使那些碳有用，或者稳定下来，使其成为建筑材料或类似材料的有用集合体。
Growing trees then burning for energy with carbon capture is interesting
Normally trees and burning wood are effectively carbon neutral over the short-medium term - you absorb carbon from the atmosphere and then it gets released again when you burn the wood. But if you can capture most of the carbon during burning, that's very interesting as an approach because you simultaneously produce energy (reducing the need to burn a fossil fuel) and remove carbon from the atmosphere.
And if the carbon capture requires energy... well, you're generating it at the same time. You can even charge the trucks carrying the wood to the power plant.
Whether it would work at scale, I have no idea - but it's certainly very interesting as a concept
种植树木，然后利用碳捕获技术来燃烧它们作为能源，这很有趣
通常情况下，树木和燃烧的木材在短期内是有效的碳中和——树木从大气中吸收碳，然后在燃烧木材时再次释放。但如果你能在燃烧过程中捕获大部分碳，这是一种非常有趣的方法，因为你可以同时产生能源（减少燃烧化石燃料的需求），并从大气中去除碳。
如果碳捕获需要能量…好吧，但你同时也在生成能量。你甚至可以给运送木材到发电厂的卡车充电。
我不知道它是否能在规模应用上奏效，但作为一个概念，它确实非常有趣
72% of UK land is used for agriculture and makes up 0.5% of our GDP. I'm not saying farming is useless, but the land needs to be used better. Destroyed forests and ecosystems for the land.
英国72%的土地用于农业，占GDP的0.5%。我不是说农业没有用，但土地需要更好地利用。农业会破坏森林和土地生态系统。
I’m desperate for Dutch style vertical farming for produce (not meat) with an embrace of GMO’s to boost yield and free up other land to be far more productive.
Such a no brainer, but the anti-science crowd won’t have a bar of it.
我非常希望荷兰式的农产品（不是肉类）生产方式：垂直农场，采用转基因技术来提高产量，解放出更多的土地来生产更多的产品。
这是一个显而易见的问题，但反科学的人群不会对此有任何看法。
I don't think we should overestimate the ability of trees to remove Co2 from the air. While more fauna and flora is good, we need to stop generating Co2 to really make a difference.
That means using less energy. Better home insulation. Less driving. Less waste.
我认为我们不应该高估树木清除空气中二氧化碳的能力。虽然有更多的动物群和植物群是好事，但我们需要停止产生二氧化碳来真正发挥减排作用。
这意味着使用更少的能源。更好的房屋保温。少开车。更少浪费。
Just plant 36 billion trees a year...somewhere? Everywhere? Oh, and then keep them forever or the carbon is released. Problem solved.
每年在某个地方种360亿棵树？到处都种上？哦，然后永远保存它们，否则碳就被排放了。问题解决了。
Also when someone agrees to the idea of “plant a fuck ton of trees” what you end up with is lots of saplings too close to each other, without biodiversity, most of which die off and which never have any further management.
But (usually) a man gets to say they planted a 1000 trees so it was ok they ripped up some ancient woodland to build that shitty pub and car park.
而且，当有人同意“种一大堆树”的想法时，你最终得到的结果是大量的树苗彼此靠得太近，没有生物多样性，大多数都死掉了，并且种完了之后再也没有任何进一步的管理。
但是（通常（）一个人会说他们已经种了1000棵树，所以（作为置换）他们可以夷平一些古老的林地来建一个糟糕的酒吧和停车场。
Less cattle breeding as well. But like cutting down on meat, most people aren’t willing to make even the smallest of changes to help the problem. They want their shit, and they want it now.
也要少养牛。但就像减少肉类摄入一样，大多数人都不愿意做出哪怕是最小的改变来帮助解决这个问题。他们想要他们的需求，而且现在就要。
It has taken a significant amount of effort over hundreds of years to increase the amount of Co2 in the air. It's a very easy process to release it and that process usually has some direct benefit (like heating your home). It would take a similar sort of effort to completely reverse that in a similar timeline, and that effort doesn't provide a direct benefit to you.
The easiest and most efficient solution is simply to cut emissions, try suck up a little of what we still output and mitigate the damage. We cannot continue to walk into disaster with a vague hope there will be some pseudoscience fix.
在过去的几百年里，人们使劲增加空气中的二氧化碳含量。排放是一个非常简单的过程，并且这个过程通常有一些直接的好处（如加热你的家）。所以在类似的时间线中，你需要付出类似的努力才能完全扭转这种局面，而这种努力并不能给你带来直接的好处。
最简单、最有效的解决方案就是减少排放，并努力吸收我们仍然产出的少量温室气体，从而减轻危害。我们不能抱着一种模棱两可的觉得会有一些伪科学的解决办法的希望继续走向灾难。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Ever thought about a giant algae bloom in the ocean? That would be good. It could be managed be collection of algae for soil improvement and farming.
有没有想过在海洋中培育巨大的海藻？那效果肯定好。它可以通过收集藻类来改善土壤和耕作进行管理。
Algae blooms are notorious for using all available oxygen and killing off lakes etc because of it...
They don't really spend as much time photosynthesizing as they do respiring.
赤潮现象是臭名昭著的，因为它消耗了所有可用的氧气，杀死了湖泊生态等等。
由于它们的呼吸作用，它们并不花很多时间进行光合作用。
Why do we need to trial trees? I thought they were already a well proven technology
为什么我们需要试验树木？我以为我们已经很好地验证过（它们的光合作用）了。
We could start by planting trees instead of talking about planting trees. I reckon we can fit 50 just in my bit of the neighbourhood I live in. I’ve planted two on my little plot, and 5 at my last house. How about hedges? There are thousands of miles of ratty, incomplete hedges everywhere. Fill in the gaps.
我们可以从种树开始，而不是光空谈种树。我想我住的那个街区能容纳50颗树。我在我的附近种了两棵，在我上一幢房子附近种了五棵。还有树篱？这里绵延数千英里，到处都是残缺不全的树篱。我们可以填补空缺。
I wonder what our CO2 contribution is compared to countries llike China, India, and Qatar? It feels like a drop in the ocean when the world's biggest CO2 contributors are not as "environmentally-conscious" as the UK.
Edit: downvoted for asking a genuine question. Can't even engage in civil discussion anymore?
我想知道，与中国、印度和卡塔尔等国家相比，我们的二氧化碳排放量是多少？当世界上最大的二氧化碳排放国没有英国这样的“环保意识”时，感觉我们这些努力就像沧海一粟。
PS：就因为问了一个真实的问题而被踩。都不能参与公民讨论了吗？
But a random Chinese or indian person contributes far less than you or I, on a per capita basis. A Qatari, far far more. I'm not sure you can just wish away the population size difference.
但随便一个中国人或印度人的人均排放远远低于你或我的。一个卡塔尔人，排放又远远多于我们。我不确定你能否希望不考虑人口规模的差异。
The Uk contributes around 2% of global emissions, while being 0.87% of global population.
The 'official' number is 1% of emissions, because we've offshored/ignored half our emissions.
~14% of China's emissions are related to non-Chinese consumption.
The average UK citizen officially generates around 5.8 metric tons of CO2e annually. Include the doubling from consumption/shipping/aviation and it's 11.6 tons per capita. China is generating 7.2 tons per capita, but its consumptive emissions are 14% lower, so ~6.2 tons per capita.
Indians emit 1.91 tons per capita.
英国的排放量占全球的2%，但人口只占全球的0.87%。
“官方”数字是排放量的1%，因为我们把一半的排放量转移到海外或忽略掉了。
大约14%的中国排放与非中国消费有关。
据官方统计，平均每位英国公民每年产生约5.8公吨的二氧化碳。加上消费/航运/航空的翻倍，人均11.6吨。中国的人均碳排放量为7.2吨，但其自身的消费排放量还要减去14%，即人均碳排放量约为6.2吨。
印度人均排放1.91吨。
Sure in terms of modern day productrion, but the industrial revolution in the U.K begun in the 1700's, so you also need to compare the historical output to what China is producing.
当然，就现代生产而言是这样，但英国的工业革命始于18世纪，所以你也需要将历史排放量拿来一并与中国的排放量进行比较。
I think the issue is that, while we pretend to be the good guys, we have just shifted polluting to China. Every product should have a carbon and pollution tax. For a start: plastic bottles should be taxed at £10 a pop.
我认为问题在于，当我们假装是好人的时候，我们只是把污染转移到了中国。每一种产品都应该被征收碳排放和污染税。首先，塑料瓶应该被征收10英镑的税。