为什么哈萨克斯坦人看起来像中国人？
Why do the Kazakh people look like Chinese?
译文简介
quora网友：我们是所谓的欧亚混血儿。我们拥有更多的黄色人种特征，但是我们也拥有欧罗巴人种特征。我认为这不是收到了蒙古人或者中国人的影响。哈萨克斯坦以及周围地区都发现了古代人的木乃伊尸体。从最早的定居点以降，该地区就成为了各种人类移民的十字路口......
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原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.com 翻译：回复奖励 转载请注明出处
Why do the Kazakh people look like Chinese?
为什么哈萨克斯坦人看起来像中国人？
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We are the so-called the Eurasian people. We have more Mongloid features, but we also have Europoid feature too.
I don’t think that it is because of Mongolian or Chinese influece. Mummified bodies of Ancient people were found all accross Kazakstan and around, and they are all mixed races, some more Asian and some more Western. Ever since the earliest settlements (Denisovnian, Andronov, Begazy-Dandybai), this region has become a crossroad for multiple human migrations. It is no accident that we have such diverse features. We sometimes call ourselves the Seventh Continent, though :).
However, Kazakhs relate themselves more with Turkic people of the Turkic Khanate in 7the Century, who were, indeed, more Mongloid looking. Ironically, as Mongol Empire was better known to wenterners, the people of Eastern Asian and Central Asia are called Mongloid. I bet if Turkic Khanate had similar influence we would be called differently, like Turkic looking people of Asia.
Check Balbal stones (Tomb stones) erected on Turkic worriors’ tombs (7–10 centuries).
Mongols invaded Kazaks’ lands in 13th century, but they were very small in number. Some army heads (no more than several thousand) were from mogol tribes according to historians. These Mongolian heads could not influence the outnumbered people of Kazakh tribes linguistically, let alone genetically.
So, I would say that we are historically “Mongloid” looking. We are the people of Eurasia, we don’t look like Chinese or Mongols.
Ok, here are some photos of Kazakh people I have found online.
More Western
More Asian
Again, more Asian, but with blue eyes.
And then, here is an interesting answer. Some of them are not ethnic Kazakhs, but most of them are. So, we don’t look like Chinese or Mogolian. :)
What do Kazakhstanis look like?
我们是所谓的欧亚混血儿。我们拥有更多的黄色人种特征，但是我们也拥有欧罗巴人种特征。
我认为这不是收到了蒙古人或者中国人的影响。哈萨克斯坦以及周围地区都发现了古代人的木乃伊尸体。从最早的定居点以降，该地区就成为了各种人类移民的十字路口。所以我们的特征如此多样化是毫不意外的。有时候我们会称呼自己为“第七大陆”。
然而，哈萨克斯坦人更多是将自己同7世纪的突厥汗国的突厥人联系在一起，他们看起来也更像是黄色人种。讽刺的是，由于蒙古帝国更为西方人所熟知，所以东亚人和中亚人被称为蒙古人种。我猜如果突厥汗国也拥有类似的影响力的话，那么西方人对我们的称呼可能又不一样了，比如会称呼我们为亚洲的突厥人种。
去看看突厥战士坟墓的墓碑（7-10世纪）。
蒙古人在13世纪入侵了哈萨克斯坦人的土地，但是来袭的蒙古人很少。历史学家称来自蒙古部落的这些蒙古军人不超过几千人。所以这么少的蒙古人根本无法影响当地人的文化，更别提在基因上产生影响了。
所以我觉得我们只是在历史意义上看起来像蒙古人种。但我们其实是欧亚混血儿，我们看起来并不像中国人或者蒙古人。
下面是我在网络上找到的一些哈萨克斯坦人照片。
更西方
更亚洲
更西方，但是拥有蓝色的眼睛。
it is interesting you call the girl in your first picture more western. for me, she is more east asian. the last two are more mongalian.
有意思，你说第一张图片里的那个女孩更西方。在我看来，她看起来更像东亚人。最后两张更像蒙古人。
She has higher eye brows, higher nose, and deeper eyes. That is why i am calling her more western. Mongloid people tend to have flat face like the two following.
她的眉毛更高，鼻子更高，眼睛更深。所以我说她更像西方人。蒙古人种的脸一般较平。
I actually see one or two Chinese girl similar to her, but with paler complexion.
我见过一两个中国女孩长得跟她很像，但是皮肤更白。
You are right. Also look into the Huns, another mongoloid/sinoid looking people from present China that ravaged europe in the early 3–4th century and ruled the central asian steppes.
The interesting point is the surnames. Were they result of conversion into islam or the Y Chromosome from Arabs?
没错。还有匈奴人，也是蒙古人种/中国人种的相貌，他们以前位于如今中国的土地上，在公元3-4世纪的时候肆虐了欧洲，统治了中亚草原。有趣的是他们的姓氏，是因为皈依了伊斯兰还是因为受到了阿拉伯人的Y染色体的影响？
Surnames? Nowadays most Kazakh names have -ov and -ova endings, and that is the legacy og Russian rule. And many kazahs have Arabic names, which is the result of Islamic influence in central Asia.
姓氏？如今大部分哈萨克斯坦人的名字都是以ov或者ova结尾，这是俄罗斯人统治的结果。很多哈萨克斯坦人还有阿拉伯名字，这就是伊斯兰对中亚产生的影响。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
I actually find all of them look very Asian. Personally I can''''t tell their difference from the Chinese in N. China.
我觉得你发的这些照片看起来都非常像亚洲人。我感觉和中国北方人没有什么差异。
Can most Han Chinese pass as “local Kazakh” based on appearance if they are dressed similarly?
大部分中国汉人如果穿上哈萨克斯坦人的服装的话，可以以假乱真吗？
No. They are different. It like difference between Russian face and Western Europe.
不，二者是不同的。就好比俄罗斯人和西欧人的差异。
Yes, but there are many Russians who can pass as Western European and vice versa.
For example, I imagine that the 3 guys below could pass as Kazakh. Right?
是的，但是有很多俄罗斯人可以以假乱真成西欧人，反之亦然。
举个例子，我认为下面这三个人可以以假乱真成哈萨克斯坦人，不是吗？
Nope. I''''m Kazakh and i can tell these guys are Asian, Chinese or Japanese, or whatever. I mean they don''''t look even close to Central Asians. I guess its the eyes, perhaps ? And some face features. To me they look totally different from Kazakhs.
不行。我是哈萨克斯坦人，我可以看出这些人是亚洲人，中国人或者日本人。我的意思是他们看起来根本不像中亚人。或许是眼睛出卖了他们？还有一些面部特征。在我看来，他们与哈萨克斯坦人是完全不同的。
Yes, I agree. Chinese is a very diverse race also. It is different from north to central to south and west. It is a billion people race on this planet. So please don’t generalist one group of people over the others. It is important to do some study first before assumption.
我赞同。中国人是一个非常多元化的种族。总过北方人，中部人，南方人以及西部人都各不相通。中国人口10多亿啊。所以不能一概而论。
Note: Li Yu Shan made a mistake. Central Asian admixture in China is genetically proven to be 100% Mongoloid of Eastern Siberian type and dated 1000 years before Mongol invasion.
I wouldn’t say Kazakh look Chinese but over 90% of them definitely look East Asian for sure. They also have Caucasian admixture from ancient Iranian tribes like Scythians, Andronovo , Samartian and other Iranic tribes. The Mongol-Turkic army which was 250,000 soldiers invaded central Asian and intermixed with ancient Iranic and Kypchak Turks. Another wave of Caucasian admixture is European so some are European-Kazakh biracial descent from eother the Kazakh Khanate that slave raids and captured 100,000 Russian/Germans/Ukrainians where brought some to Kazakhstan and Central Asia followed by the Russian/Soviet occupation of Kazakhstan for hundreds of years.
注：Li Yu Shan犯了一个错误。中国的中亚混种人在基因上被证明是100%的东西伯利亚类型的蒙古人种，而且可以追溯到1000年前，早于蒙古人入侵。
我认为哈萨克斯坦人看起来并不像中国人，但是90%以上的哈萨克斯坦人看起来绝对像东亚人。他们也有白种人混血，来自古代的伊朗部落。入侵中亚的蒙古-突厥部队是25万人，他们与古代的伊朗突厥人以及钦察突厥人通婚。另一波白人混血来自欧洲，所以一些人是欧洲-哈萨克双种族血统，因为哈萨克汗国突击并逮捕了10万俄罗斯人/德国人/乌克兰人，然后他们把这些俘虏带到了哈萨克斯坦和中亚，后来哈萨克斯坦被俄罗斯/苏联占领了数百年。
Many Central Asians look northern Chinese. And many Northern Chinese look central Asian. But Central Asians don''''t look Southern Chinese. Chinese is not a race/ethnicity against popular belief. Han is a race.
Central Asians usually have at least one non Asian feature, blue/green eyes, or deep eye socket, wavy to curly hair, very pale skin, or tall nose. ie. It''''s common for a central Asian to look like a Chinese but have blue eyes, or have blonde hair. And even within the same family, one can look more Western and the other eastern.
I was born in China, but when in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, locals speak to me in Kyrgyz rather than Russian or English. I don''''t think I''''m central Asian by blood.
很多中亚人看起来像中国北方人。也有很多中国北方人看起来像中亚人。但是中亚人看不起不像中国南方人。中国人并非人们所想象的那样是一个种族。汉人才是一个种族。
中亚人通常有一个非亚洲人的特征，蓝色/绿色的眼睛，深邃的眼窝，波浪形或曲卷的头发，白皙的皮肤，或者高高的鼻子。所以中亚人看起来确实像中国人，但是拥有蓝色的眼睛或者拥有金色的头发。即使是在同一个家庭里，某个家庭成员可能看起来更像西方人，而另一个家庭成员看起来更像东方人。
我出生在中国，但是在哈萨克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦，当地人会用吉尔吉斯语和我说话，而不是用俄语或者英语。我认为自己不是中亚血统。
i think i can relate to that statement above. I’m chinese myself but i have a certain physical features that none of my family members have. I have frizzy curly hair type 3c, long nose, hairy and i don’t have slanted eyes ;D
我能理解你的意思。我自己是中国人，但是我的某些身体特征是我的家人所没有的。我有曲卷的头发，长长的鼻子，身体多毛，而且我没有眯眯眼。
I have some Kazakh friends, and they sort of look like me :) The president of Kazakhstan also looks a bit Chinese
Also the guy on the bottom left (Dimash) looks Chinese. His dad does too. He’s also somewhat popular in China.
As others like Bibol Alipbai have mentioned, Kazakhs are a Turkic people, who are believed to have originated from the Far East in China (Turkic peoples#Origins and early expansion, around Manchuria and then spread westward).
Parts of Kazakhstan (and Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan) actually used to be part of China, like during the Han dynasty and Tang dynasty. The Kazakhs are also closely related to the Uyghur people of Xinjiang, another Turkic-speaking people living in China.
[See that light blue? That was part of Han China. Also see the Greco-Chinese war, Protectorate of the Western Regions, and Han-Xiongnu war.]
[Tang dynasty, also see Protectorate General to Pacify the West]
Then came the Mongol dynasty.
But even for centuries before, the Eurasian steppe, Central Asians lands of Kazakhstan, and Mongolia were unified under the Xiongnu confederacy and Gokturk empire, making the Mongols and Kazakhs historically genetically related.
[Xiongnu, later defeated by the Han c80 BC]
[ Gokturks, lated defeated by the Tang by the 7th century ]
Linguistically, Turkic people and Mongolians speak very similar languages, both with SOV typology, vowel harmony, agglutination, and some cognates, leading some past linguists to postulate that they belong to the same family, the Altaic group. However nowadays, most scholars believe that Turkic languages and Mongolian form a sprachbund due to historical intermixing and interaction between the groups.
But there were also other times when Greeks (Alex the Great), Persians (Sogdians), Arabs (Abbasids), and most recently Russians occupied Central Asia (that’s why Kazakhs and other former Central Asian Soviet satellite states still write in Cyrillic, but Kazakhstan will switch to Latin by 2025). Thus the Turkic people have acquired some loanwords, linguistic and genetic influences from western Eurasians, Europeans and Middle Easterners, as well.
China–Kazakhstan relations - Wikipedia
The region used to be a hub for the Ancient Silk Road, and China is planning to build a new one with the BRI, with Kazakhstan playing an important economic role and hopefully to become as prosperous and rich as it was during the golden age of the silk road. China-Kazakhstan relations are also trending quite strongly.
我有一些哈萨克斯坦朋友，他们看起来像我，哈萨克斯坦的总统看起来也有点像中国人。
还有哈萨克斯坦著名歌手迪玛希看起来也像中国人。他的爸爸也像。他在中国还挺出名的。
正如Bibol Alipbai所言，哈萨克斯坦人是突厥民族，而突厥人据认为是起源于远东，即中国（突厥人起源及其早期扩张，位于满洲附近，然后向西扩张）。
哈萨克斯坦（以及吉尔吉斯斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦）部分地区以前实际上属于中国的一部分，比如汉朝和唐朝期间。哈萨克斯坦人也与新疆人有着亲密的关系，新疆人是生活在中国的另一支说突厥语的人。
看到浅蓝色那个部分了吗？以前就属于汉朝一部分。还有希腊与汉朝之间的战争（汉攻大宛之战），西域都护府，还有汉朝和匈奴之间的战争。
还有唐朝期间的安西大都护府。
然后是蒙古人的王朝。
但是早在那几百年之前，欧亚大草原，中亚的哈萨克斯坦以及蒙古都被匈奴联盟和古突厥帝国统一了，导致蒙古人和哈萨克斯坦人在基因上早已产生了关联。
匈奴后来在公元前80年被汉朝打败。
古突厥也在公元7世纪被唐朝打败。
语言上，突厥人和蒙古人的语言非常类似，二者都有主宾动语序，元音和谐率，以及某些同源词，导致过往的语言学家认为他们属于同一个语系，即阿尔泰语系。然而，在今天，大部分学者认为突厥语和蒙古语由于历史上的混合和互动，而形成了一个语言联盟。
但是在其他时候，希腊人（亚历山大大帝），波斯人（粟特人），阿拉伯人（阿巴斯王朝），以及最近的俄罗斯人都占领过中亚（所以哈萨克斯坦人和其他前苏联中亚卫星国依然用西里尔字母书写，但是哈萨克斯坦2025年会转向拉丁字母）。所以突厥人在外来词，语言和基因上受到了欧亚人，欧洲人以及中东人的影响。
中国-哈萨克斯坦关系——维基百科。
这个地区是古丝绸之路的中心，中国希望通过一带一路计划建设一个新的丝绸之路，哈萨克斯坦在其中扮演着重要的经济角色，希望能变得繁荣富裕，就像古丝绸之路的黄金时期那样。而且中哈关系也在渐渐强化。
这没关系，我有时候也会误把哈萨克斯坦人当成中国人（尤其是新疆人）。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
By reading history, we perceive that the Northern Mongolian warrior tribes from 300 B.C. through 1912 had invaded, ruled and being assimilated by the Chinese culture and population. During this period, the Hunnic, Turkic, Mongol, Tugusic and Mnachu warrior tribes had also moved to the West of China and invaded, dominated, Russia, Hungary, Middle East, South Eastern Europe and parts of North Africa. Most of these invaders and conquerors from Mongolia and North China had intermingled racially with the various Causian peoples whom they conquered and ruled. The Northern Mongolian warrior tribes had played a dominant role in invasions, conquests from China through most of Eurasia before the rise of Europe. It is natual many of them would like Eurasian and even Causaian dependant on the degree of mixing with the Causian peoples. Whereas in China all these Northern Mongolian tribes were still more purely Mongolic and therefore, you can notice some Turkic tribes in Central Asia may still look more Mongolic and therefore Chinese.
通过阅读历史我们知道从公元前300年到1911年北方的蒙古部落入侵，统治并且被中国文化和人口所同化。期间，匈人，突厥人，蒙古人，通古斯人以及满人部落也迁移到中国西部，并且入侵占领了俄罗斯，匈牙利，中东，欧洲东南部和北非部分地区。来自蒙古和北方中国的大部分的这些入侵者都与不同的高加索人种通婚了。在欧洲崛起之间，从中国到大部分的欧亚地区，主要都是北方的蒙古人部落在侵略和征服。所以很多人看起来像欧亚混血儿或者高加索人是很自然的事情，这要看他们与当地高加索人的通婚程度。而在中国，所有的这些北方蒙古人部落依然是更加纯粹的蒙古人，因此你会注意到中亚地区的某些突厥部落可能看起来更像蒙古人，因此更像中国人。
you also are forgetting stalin’s deportation policy and him deporting koreans to central asia. that’s how my family came to know about kimchi :-)
你可能忘了斯大林的流放政策，他将朝鲜人流放到中亚。所以我的家人才知道了朝鲜泡菜的存在。
We are all related: Chinese (Han), Tibetan, Mongolian, Korean, Japanese, most South Eastern peoples, even the American aborigials. Shall we all be called the “Yellow race”?
我们都是互相关联的：中国人（汉人），西藏人，蒙古人，朝鲜人，日本人，大部分的东南亚人，甚至是美洲土著。我们都被称为黄种人？
That’s because these Chinese are not pure East Asian either. According to National Geography ancestral kit, Chinese are 81% East Asian. This causes some to look like Kazakh even though they’re not related.
Actually, there’s a study that says pure Turks look more Northeast Asian and speak Mongolic/Altaic language. Kazakhs are descended from Turks mixed with Scynthian from Central Asia. Scynthians from Central Asia are already genetically half Asian and half Caucasian (45% / 55%) before any invasion They lived side by side with Mongolic groups which result in intermixing for centuries.
There are some Central Asian blood in some N. Chinese causing some of them to have natural non-East Asian features and look like Kazakh. This is probably due to silk road, trade with Persian, invasion/rape by Genghis Khan and there are many half blood Central Asians in his troops.
Mahayana Buddhism of China comes directly through Central Asia since Himalayas acts as borders between India and China that prevents Buddhism from directly spreading from India. There was Arab and Persian community that settled down and mixed with the local population. The offsprings of the mixed population look like Kazakh.
那是因为中国人也并非纯种的东亚人。根据国家地理，中国人拥有81%的东亚血统，这导致某些人看起来像哈萨克斯坦人，尽管二者没有关系。
实际上有一个研究发现这纯粹的突厥人看起来更像东北亚人，并且说蒙古语和阿尔泰语。哈萨克斯坦人源于突厥人与斯基泰人的混血。在遭受任何入侵之前，中亚的斯基泰人在基因上是一半的亚洲人和一半的高加索人（45%/55%）。他们和蒙古族部落生活在一起，导致二者的通婚。
中国北方人有一些中亚血统，所以他们中的某些人拥有非东亚人的特征，看起来像哈萨克斯坦人。这可能是因为丝路，与波斯人的贸易，被成吉思汗入侵和强奸（他的部队里有很多人含有一半中亚血统）等导致的。
中国的大乘佛教直接从中亚传入，因为喜马拉雅山在中印之间构成一块巨大的屏障，导致佛教无法从印度直接传入中国。
还有一些定居下来的阿拉伯和波斯社区，他们也与当地人通婚，所以这些混血人口的后代看起来像哈萨克斯坦人。
Yes, some of them look Chinese.
Kazakhs are very diverse at looks, although they look like they''''re same. But Kazakh looks can vary from East Asian to Eurasian.
For example…
East Asian looking Kazakhs
Eurasian-looking Kazakhs:
是的，某些哈萨克人看起来像中国人。哈萨克斯坦人的样貌非常多元，尽管看起来好像一样。有的像东亚人，有的像欧亚混血儿。
比如：
看起来像东亚人的哈萨克斯坦人
看起来像欧亚混血儿的哈萨克斯坦人