古代中国和朝鲜是什么关系？中国是否曾征服过朝鲜？如果有，他们的统治持续了多久？
What was the relationship between ancient China and Korea? Did China ever invade or conquer Korea, and if so, how long did their rule last?
译文简介
网友：很多西方人不明白Korea是什么意思，他们认为Korea代表朝鲜半岛，是一个地理概念......
正文翻译
@Aya Shawn
Living in Singapore, professional investorJul 16
Asking questions about Asian history in English
There are always many misunderstandings and misconceptions.
Many Westerners do not understand what Korea means. They think that Korea stands for the Korean Peninsula and is a geographical concept.
They think that the country that is good at semiconductors and pop culture today is called South Korea. In fact, this is just their English name. The official name of this country is named in Chinese: 韩(Han), and this name comes from 2,000 years ago when the word ‘Korea’ did not even exist.
Living in Singapore, professional investorJul 16
Asking questions about Asian history in English
There are always many misunderstandings and misconceptions.
Many Westerners do not understand what Korea means. They think that Korea stands for the Korean Peninsula and is a geographical concept.
They think that the country that is good at semiconductors and pop culture today is called South Korea. In fact, this is just their English name. The official name of this country is named in Chinese: 韩(Han), and this name comes from 2,000 years ago when the word ‘Korea’ did not even exist.
In fact, ‘Korea’ is just the Latin pronunciation of ‘Goryeo’. It has a very short history. In the historical context, it refers to the Kingdom of Goryeo, which ruled the Korean Peninsula from 918 to 1392 AD.
There are many regimes like Goryeo in the Korean Peninsula. They controlled different historical periods and had different names.
用英语询问有关亚洲历史的问题
总是存在很多误解和错误观念。
很多西方人不明白Korea是什么意思，他们认为Korea代表朝鲜半岛，是一个地理概念。
他们以为，如今擅长半导体和流行文化的国家叫South Korea。其实，这只是他们的英文名字。这个国家的正式名称只能用中文：韩（读Han），而这个名字来自2000年前，当时“Korea”这个词甚至还不存在。
其实“Korea”只是“Goryeo”的拉丁语发音，这个词的历史很短，在历史语境中，是指公元918年至1392年统治朝鲜半岛的高丽王国。
朝鲜半岛有很多像高丽这样的政权，它们统治着不同的历史时期，有着不同的名称。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
There are many regimes like Goryeo in the Korean Peninsula. They controlled different historical periods and had different names.
用英语询问有关亚洲历史的问题
总是存在很多误解和错误观念。
很多西方人不明白Korea是什么意思，他们认为Korea代表朝鲜半岛，是一个地理概念。
他们以为，如今擅长半导体和流行文化的国家叫South Korea。其实，这只是他们的英文名字。这个国家的正式名称只能用中文：韩（读Han），而这个名字来自2000年前，当时“Korea”这个词甚至还不存在。
其实“Korea”只是“Goryeo”的拉丁语发音，这个词的历史很短，在历史语境中，是指公元918年至1392年统治朝鲜半岛的高丽王国。
朝鲜半岛有很多像高丽这样的政权，它们统治着不同的历史时期，有着不同的名称。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
During the Goryeo period, China was in a state of great division, and there was no large country that ruled China. The north of China was controlled by the Liao Dynasty, and the south was controlled by the Song Dynasty. In the later period, the Yuan Dynasty unified China, and Goryeo surrendered to the Yuan Dynasty and became a vassal state of the Yuan Dynasty.
But whether it was during the period of division or the Yuan Dynasty, the regime from China never controlled Goryeo, and Goryeo was relatively an independent country.
If the meaning of Korea is taken as a geographical concept, it involves a long historical period, at least more than 2,000 years. Going back in time, during the Western Han Dynasty in China, the Chinese emperor once directly controlled the Korean Peninsula. The famous Emperor Wu of Han conquered the Korean Peninsula.
高丽时期，中国处于大分裂状态，没有一个大国统治中国。中国北方被辽朝控制，南方被宋朝控制。后期元朝统一中国，高丽臣服于元朝，成为元朝的藩属国。
但无论是分裂时期，还是元朝时期，来自中国的政权从未控制过高丽，高丽是一个相对独立的国家。
如果把Korea的含义作为一个地理概念来理解，那么它涉及的历史时期很长，至少有2000多年。往前追溯，在中国西汉时期，中国皇帝曾直接控制朝鲜半岛。著名的汉武帝征服了朝鲜半岛。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
But whether it was during the period of division or the Yuan Dynasty, the regime from China never controlled Goryeo, and Goryeo was relatively an independent country.
If the meaning of Korea is taken as a geographical concept, it involves a long historical period, at least more than 2,000 years. Going back in time, during the Western Han Dynasty in China, the Chinese emperor once directly controlled the Korean Peninsula. The famous Emperor Wu of Han conquered the Korean Peninsula.
高丽时期，中国处于大分裂状态，没有一个大国统治中国。中国北方被辽朝控制，南方被宋朝控制。后期元朝统一中国，高丽臣服于元朝，成为元朝的藩属国。
但无论是分裂时期，还是元朝时期，来自中国的政权从未控制过高丽，高丽是一个相对独立的国家。
如果把Korea的含义作为一个地理概念来理解，那么它涉及的历史时期很长，至少有2000多年。往前追溯，在中国西汉时期，中国皇帝曾直接控制朝鲜半岛。著名的汉武帝征服了朝鲜半岛。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
In 109 BC, Emperor Wu of Han, Liu Che, sent troops to conquer Korea in the east, and after two years of fighting, he destroyed Wei Man Joseon. Four state, Lelang, Xuantu, Zhenfan, and Lintun, were established, collectively known as the Four Han states. The Han Dynasty ruled the area north of the Han River on the Korean Peninsula. In 82 BC, the Han Dynasty merged the two states of Lintun and Zhenfan into the two states of Lelang and Xuantu. The seat of Lelang state is today's Pyongyang; Xuantu state is in today's Hamhung.
This is a rare period of direct control over the Korean Peninsula in Chinese history.
In subsequent Chinese history, when China was in a state of division and decline, the regime on the Korean Peninsula often became an independent country. When China was unified and powerful, the regimes on the Korean Peninsula usually existed as vassal states. For most of the time, the dynasties on the Korean Peninsula maintained good relations with the dynasties in the Central Plains, and wars and confrontations also occurred in a few historical periods.
In any case, the Central Plains dynasties had almost no direct control over the Korean Peninsula, and the regimes on the Korean Peninsula mostly remained independent as an "obedient child."
公元前109年，汉武帝刘彻出兵东征朝鲜，经过两年的战争，灭掉了卫满朝鲜，建立了乐浪郡、玄菟郡、真番郡及临屯郡四个郡，统称汉四郡。汉朝统治朝鲜半岛汉江以北地区。公元前82年，汉朝将真番郡及临屯郡两州合并到乐浪、玄蟠两郡。乐浪郡的治所位于今天的平壤，玄蟠国位于今天的咸兴。这是中国历史上罕见的直接控制朝鲜半岛的时期。
此后的中国历史上，当中国处于分裂衰败状态时，朝鲜半岛上的政权往往成为独立国家；当中国统一强大时，朝鲜半岛上的政权通常以藩属国的形式存在。朝鲜半岛上的王朝在大部分时间里与中原王朝保持着良好的关系，少数历史时期也发生过战争与对抗。
不管怎样，中原王朝对朝鲜半岛几乎没有直接控制，朝鲜半岛上的政权大多作为“听话的孩子”保持独立。
This is a rare period of direct control over the Korean Peninsula in Chinese history.
In subsequent Chinese history, when China was in a state of division and decline, the regime on the Korean Peninsula often became an independent country. When China was unified and powerful, the regimes on the Korean Peninsula usually existed as vassal states. For most of the time, the dynasties on the Korean Peninsula maintained good relations with the dynasties in the Central Plains, and wars and confrontations also occurred in a few historical periods.
In any case, the Central Plains dynasties had almost no direct control over the Korean Peninsula, and the regimes on the Korean Peninsula mostly remained independent as an "obedient child."
公元前109年，汉武帝刘彻出兵东征朝鲜，经过两年的战争，灭掉了卫满朝鲜，建立了乐浪郡、玄菟郡、真番郡及临屯郡四个郡，统称汉四郡。汉朝统治朝鲜半岛汉江以北地区。公元前82年，汉朝将真番郡及临屯郡两州合并到乐浪、玄蟠两郡。乐浪郡的治所位于今天的平壤，玄蟠国位于今天的咸兴。这是中国历史上罕见的直接控制朝鲜半岛的时期。
此后的中国历史上，当中国处于分裂衰败状态时，朝鲜半岛上的政权往往成为独立国家；当中国统一强大时，朝鲜半岛上的政权通常以藩属国的形式存在。朝鲜半岛上的王朝在大部分时间里与中原王朝保持着良好的关系，少数历史时期也发生过战争与对抗。
不管怎样，中原王朝对朝鲜半岛几乎没有直接控制，朝鲜半岛上的政权大多作为“听话的孩子”保持独立。
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Obidient child is a little harsh word.
服从的孩子是有点过分的词。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
But this is the opinion of the King of Korea himself.
但这是朝鲜国王本人的意见。
This is somewhat USA wants the whole world to do. In that period of time China wants Korea to be the vassal state it was. At its peak, China was protecting Korea from Japan. However, when China weaken in the later part of the history, China lost the capability to protect Korea.
这在某种程度上是美国希望全世界做的事情。在那个时期，中国希望朝鲜回到它之前的附属国地位。在其巅峰时期，中国保护朝鲜免受日本的侵扰。然而，当中国在历史的后期变弱后，中国失去了保护朝鲜的能力。
Kinda agree, looking down on anyone is disrespectful
有点同意，看不起任何人都是不尊重的
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Yi Sun-sin#1
李舜臣#1
Yi Sun-sin was just a low-ranking naval commander who served under Chinese generals in the fight against the Japanese invasion of Korea. Yi Sun-sin was just a hero created by the Koreans for their self-esteem, and actually played a minimal role in the war.
李舜臣只是一个低级海军指挥官，曾在中国将军手下对抗日本入侵朝鲜。李舜臣只是韩国人为了自尊而创造的英雄，实际上在战争中扮演的角色非常小。
I believe your words are not coming from what you think is true, but a desire for things to be.
我认为你的话并不是出自你认为的事实，而是一种事情应当如此的愿望。
It's somewhat suspicious because:
1592: Japan organized an attack on Korea, they went ashore and chased the Koreans like ducks.
1597: Japan again attacked Korea, they continued to reach shore and continued to chase Koreans like ducks.
and admiral yi appeared with victories in the first Japanese attack. So can you explain why Japan was still able to reach the Korean coast so easily during the second attack? And why could Japan easily withdraw its troops with so many Korean hostages every time it reached an armistice with the Ming Dynasty?
Wars at sea are wars where it is easy to exaggerate the numbers. and Korea has a very long history of lying.
这有点可疑，因为：
1592年：日本组织了对朝鲜的攻击，他们登陆后像追逐鸭子一样追逐朝鲜人。
1597年：日本再次攻击朝鲜，他们继续登陆并继续像追逐鸭子一样追逐朝鲜人。
而且李舜臣在第一次日本攻击中出现并取得胜利。那么你能解释为什么日本在第二次攻击中仍然能这么容易地抵达朝鲜海岸吗？为什么每次与明朝达成停火时，日本都能轻易撤退其部队，并带走这么多朝鲜人质？
海上战争是容易夸大数字的战争，而且朝鲜有非常长的撒谎历史。
Yi got tossed in prison due to politics.
李舜臣因政治原因被投入监狱。
Why is there such a timely scxt? Don't you doubt? It seems like history has been distorted to make Koreans less embarrassed.
为什么会有这样一个恰到好处的剧本？你不怀疑吗？看起来历史被歪曲了，以使韩国人不那么尴尬。
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Ahhh, hat envy. I get it now.
啊，是嫉妒。我现在明白了。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Wow, Korea ( 1/2 ) thinking everyone is jealous of them.
哇，韩国（1/2 ）认为每个人都嫉妒他们。
Current realities suggest tremendous talent and capabilities for a nation of that size, who's Current economy is larger than Russia's. Their soft power, from BTS, to trend setting cosmetics, culinary excellence and Oscar winning film industry is unparalleled. Every major appliance in my home, my car, my entire family's phone fleet, are all Korean. They can now out produce most countries in armaments and rank #5 on the Global Firepower index. I'd therefore give them the benefit of the doubt, that they produced a great admiral and capable fleet.
当前现实表明，这样规模的国家拥有巨大的才能和能力，其当前经济规模超过俄罗斯。他们的软实力，从BTS到引领潮流的化妆品，烹饪和奥斯卡获奖电影产业都是无与伦比的。我家的每一件主要家电，我的车，我全家的电话车队，都是韩国的。他们现在武器生产上可以超过大多数国家，并在全球火力指数上排名第五。
因此，我会给他们一个正面的评估，他们产生了一个伟大的海军上将和能干的舰队。
Li Shunchen was a platoon leader who won several small wars and was exaggerated by the Koreans as a general.
Simply put, he led 100 naval soldiers to fight against the Japanese Navy and won several times.
李顺臣是一个排长，赢得了几场小战争，并被韩国人夸大为将军。
简而言之，他带领100名海军士兵对抗日本海军，并多次获胜。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Does Goryeo a Chinese dynasty? If I’m not wrong, they used Chinese character and also in cultural aspects they are look liked Chinese.
高丽是中国的朝代吗？如果我没记错的话，他们使用汉字，并且在文化方面看起来像中国人。
Chinese characters are kinda like Latin, everyone in East Asia used it at some point.
汉字有点像拉丁字母，东亚每个人都在某个时候使用过。
Never a Chinese dynasty. It was a country on its own. They used Chinese characters and imported some of the culture from China.
他们从未是中国的朝代。它是一个独立的国家。他们使用汉字，并从中国引进了一些文化。
Sounds a lot like the history of Ti....
听起来很像西藏的历史。
OP several times in his post refers to the Koreans as being effectively independent at many times in their history, but under different indigenous regimes, of which the Goryeo Kingdom is but one. But also for long periods a tributary state to Chinese emperors, which is a historical fact.
楼主在他的帖子中多次提到朝鲜人在历史上有许多次是实际上独立的，但是在不同的土著政权下，其中高丽王国只是其中之一。但也长期是中国皇帝的附庸国，这是一个历史事实。
The area where the ancient Korean people lived is most of today's South Korea, while the northern part of the Korean Peninsula today belongs to other ethnic groups in China, which are local governments in China. If you say that China once ruled the ancient Korean Kingdom, I can only tell you that it did not, but later because of the rebellion of that ethnic group, the central government of China eliminated this vassal state and moved most of the people of this country to the inland areas of China. Later, due to the decline of the control of the central government of China, the ethnic groups living in today's South Korea filled in and occupied this area, which is today's North Korea.
古代朝鲜人居住的地区大部分是今天的韩国南部，而今天朝鲜半岛的北部属于中国的其他民族，这些民族是中国的地方政府。如果你说中国曾经统治过古代朝鲜王国，我只能告诉你它没有，但后来由于那个民族的叛乱，中国中央政府消灭了这个附庸国，并将这个国家的大部分人民迁移到中国内陆地区。后来，由于中国中央政府控制力的下降，居住在今天的韩国南部的民族填补并占领了这一地区，这就是今天的朝鲜。