Denmark imposes world's first carbon tax on flatulent farm animals

世界上首次,丹麦对产生气体的农场动物征收碳税

The European country's goal is to reduce Danish greenhouse gas emissions by 70% from 1990 levels by 2030

这个欧洲国家的目标是到 2030 年,将丹麦的温室气体排放量从 1990 年的水平减少 70%

Associated Press
Published June 26, 2024 9:43am EDT
·Denmark will tax livestock farmers for greenhouse gases emitted by cows, sheep, and pigs starting in 2030, becoming the first country to target this major source of methane emissions.

·从 2030 年开始,丹麦将对牛、羊和猪排放的温室气体向畜牧业者征税,成为第一个针对这一主要甲烷排放源的国家。

·The European country's goal is to reduce Danish greenhouse gas emissions by 70% from 1990 levels by 2030.

·这个欧洲国家的目标是到 2030 年,将丹麦的温室气体排放量从 1990 年的水平减少 70%。

·From 2030, livestock farmers will be taxed $43 per ton of carbon dioxide equivalent, increasing to $108 by 2035.

·从 2030 年起,畜牧业者每吨二氧化碳当量的税额为 43 美元,到 2035 年将增加到 108 美元。

Denmark will tax livestock farmers for the greenhouse gases emitted by their cows, sheep and pigs from 2030, the first country in the world to do so as it targets a major source of methane emissions, one of the most potent gases contributing to global warming.

从2030年起,丹麦将对畜牧业者牛、羊和猪排放的温室气体征税,这是世界上第一个这样做的国家,因为它的目标是甲烷排放的主要来源,甲烷是导致全球变暖的最有效气体之一。

The aim is to reduce Danish greenhouse gas emissions by 70% from 1990 levels by 2030, said Taxation Minister Jeppe Bruus.

目标是到2030年将丹麦的温室气体排放量从1990年的水平减少70%,税务部长Jeppe Bruus说。
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As of 2030, Danish livestock farmers will be taxed $43 per ton of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2030. The tax will increase to $108 by 2035. However, because of an income tax deduction of 60%, the actual cost per ton will start at $17.3 and increase to $28 by 2035.

到 2030 年,丹麦畜牧业者将被征税每吨二氧化碳当量 43 美元。到 2035 年,税收将增加到 108 美元。然而,由于所得税减免了60%,每吨的实际成本将会从17.3美元开始,到2035年将增加到28美元。

Although carbon dioxide typically gets more attention for its role in climate change, methane traps about 87 times more heat on a 20-year timescale, according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

根据美国国家海洋和大气管理局(U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)的数据,尽管二氧化碳通常因其在气候变化中的作用而受到更多关注,但在20年的时间尺度上,甲烷捕捉的热量大约是二氧化碳的87倍。


Cows graze in a field in Luncavita, Romania, on May 21, 2019. Denmark will impose cattle farmers with a tax on livestock carbon dioxide emissions from 2030, claiming it will be the first country to do so, in a move to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from each of their cows. (AP Photo/Vadim Ghirda, File)

2019年5月21日,奶牛在罗马尼亚伦卡维塔的田野里吃草。丹麦将从 2030 年开始对养牛户征收牲畜二氧化碳排放税,声称将是第一个这样做的国家,以减少每头奶牛的温室气体排放。

Levels of methane, which is emitted from sources including landfills, oil and natural gas systems and livestock, have increased particularly quickly since 2020. Livestock accounts for about 32% of human-caused methane emissions, says the U.N. Environment Program.

自 2020 年以来,垃圾填埋场、石油和天然气系统以及牲畜等来源排放的甲烷水平增长尤为迅速。联合国环境规划署表示,牲畜约占人为甲烷排放量的32%。

"We will take a big step closer in becoming climate neutral in 2045," Bruus said, adding Denmark "will be the first country in the world to introduce a real CO2 tax on agriculture" and hoped other countries would follow suit.

“我们将在 2045 年实现气候中和方面迈出一大步,”布鲁斯(Bruus)说,并补充说丹麦“将成为世界上第一个对农业征收实际二氧化碳税的国家”,并希望其他国家效仿。
【这里的布鲁斯(Bruus)是丹麦的税务部长】

New Zealand had passed a similar law due to take effect in 2025. However, the legislation was removed from the statute book on Wednesday after hefty criticism from farmers and a change of government at the 2023 election from a center-left ruling bloc to a center-right one. New Zealand said it would exclude agriculture from its emissions trading scheme in favor of exploring other ways to reduce methane.

新西兰也通过了一项类似的法律,将于2025年生效。然而,在受到农民的严厉批评以及 2023 年大选中,政府从中左翼统治集团转变为中右翼统治集团之后,该立法于周三从法规中删除。新西兰表示,将把农业排除在其排放交易计划之外,转而探索其他减少甲烷的方法。

In Denmark, the deal was reached late Monday between the center-right government and representatives of farmers, the industry, unxs, among others, and presented Tuesday.

在丹麦,该协议于周一晚些时候由中右翼政府与农民、行业、工会等代表达成,并于周二提交。

Denmark's move comes after months of protests by farmers across Europe against climate change mitigation measures and regulations that they say are driving them to bankruptcy.

丹麦的举动是在欧洲各地农民抗议气候变化缓解措施和法规的数月之后采取的,农民说这些措施和法规正在迫使他们破产。

The Danish Society for Nature Conservation, the largest nature conservation and environmental organization in Denmark, described the tax agreement as "a historic compromise."

丹麦最大的自然保护和环境组织丹麦自然保护协会(Danish Society for Nature Conservation)将该税收协议描述为“历史性的妥协方案”。

"We have succeeded in landing a compromise on a CO2 tax, which lays the groundwork for a restructured food industry -– also on the other side of 2030," its head Maria Reumert Gjerding said after the talks in which they took part.

“我们已经成功地在二氧化碳税方面达成了妥协,这为重组食品行业奠定了基础 - 也包括2030年之后,”其负责人玛丽亚·雷乌默特·耶尔丁(Maria Reumert Gjerding)在参加会谈后表示。

A typical Danish cow produces 6.6 tons of CO2 equivalent per year. Denmark, which is a large dairy and pork exporter, will also tax pigs, although cows produce far higher emissions than pigs.

一头标准的丹麦奶牛每年产生 6.6 吨二氧化碳当量。丹麦(一个大型乳制品和猪肉出口国)也将对猪征税,尽管奶牛的排放量远高于猪。

The tax is to be approved in the 179-seat Folketing, or parliament, but the bill is expected to pass after the broad-based consensus.

该税在拥有179个席位的丹麦国会(Folketing),又叫议会(parliament),中获得批准,该法案预计将在得到广泛共识后通过。

According to Statistic Denmark, there were as of June 30, 2022, 1,484,377 cows in the Scandinavian country, a slight drop compared to the previous year.

根据丹麦统计局的数据,截至 2022 年 6 月 30 日,斯堪的纳维亚国家有 1,484,377 头奶牛,与上一年相比略有下降。
【Scandinavian country:斯堪的纳维亚国家:指位于北欧半岛上的丹麦、挪威和瑞典三个国家。】