我们怎么了解美国历史?（二）
How do I know USA history?
译文简介
网友：美洲原住民最先来到这里。克里斯托弗·哥伦布（Christopher Columbus）进行了探险，并把许多人从欧洲（最初主要是英国），带到这里。当其他国家的人开始迁入时，他们把他们当作闯入者，但最终还是接受了他们。由于大多数移民在东海岸登陆，他们不断向西移动，并最终遍布整个地区......
正文翻译
How do I know USA history?
我们怎么了解美国历史?（二）
我们怎么了解美国历史?（二）
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Native Americans were here first. Christopher Columbus explored and sent many people rushing over here from Europe, mainly Great Britain in the beginning. When people from other countries started moving in they treated them as interlopers, but eventually accepted them. They kept moving farther and farther west, since most immigrants landed on the east coast, and eventually populated the whole area. Some places more densely than others. The Chinese came over to the West coast because it was closer to them. This is basically what happened here with a LOT of other stuff in between.
美洲原住民最先来到这里。克里斯托弗·哥伦布（Christopher Columbus）进行了探险，并把许多人从欧洲（最初主要是英国），带到这里。当其他国家的人开始迁入时，他们把他们当作闯入者，但最终还是接受了他们。由于大多数移民在东海岸登陆，他们不断向西移动，并最终遍布整个地区。有些地方的人口比其他地方更密集。中国人来到西海岸是因为那里离他们更近。这基本上就是这里发生的事情，其间还有很多其他的事情。
There is a continent being settled, A native population, a controlling government across the sea, an attempt at a better world, and almost 300 years of histories largely defined by individuals across the country.
You can find almost anything. Treasure hunters, abolitionists, corrupt politics, Mormons and Amish, scams, idealism, failure and greatness.
US history is recent enough people wrote and newspapers existed, documents to argue over.
South and Central America was more chaotic but less documented, like China, India, or Russia there was strong class structure and much illiteracy.
My interests have included India, China, Rome, (both East and West), Europe, Russia, somewhat the rest of the world. But.
I tend to focus on periods or events.
这是一块有人正在定居的大陆，有土生土长的人口，有一个横跨海洋的控制欲极强的政府，试图创造一个更美好的世界，以及很大程度上是由全国各地的个人定义的近300年的历史。
你几乎可以找到任何东西：寻宝者、废奴主义者、腐败的政治、摩门教徒和阿曼门诺派教徒、骗局、理想主义、失败和伟大。
美国历史是最近才有人写的，有报纸记载，有可争论的文件。
南美洲和中美洲更混乱，但记录较少，像中国、印度或俄罗斯一样，那里有很强的阶级结构和很多文盲。
我的兴趣点包括印度、中国、罗马(东方和西方)、欧洲、俄罗斯，以及世界其他地方。
但是我倾向于关注时间周期或事件。
You can make a list of Americans who got very wealthy.
History is fun.
There is a difference between “textbook” and “historical novels” and “historical romance” and “popular history” and (lord save us) “movie history” and researched history.
There is the history of bourbon whiskey, rum, and beer. Weapons went from muzzle loaders to assault rifles.
Read a book (historical!) on selling guns to the Indians from about 1600 on. Not movie history.
What do you know about tribes in your state.
You've A choice of the books on “Trump”.
US history is a rabbit hole.
美国政府一再破产，要么卖掉偷来的土地，要么从偷地的人那里买地，要么在战争中占领土地。这是美国历史上篇幅被写得最少的；美国的许多基础设施都是由欧洲投资支付的，其中很大一部分实际上是骗局。
你可以列出一个非常富有的美国人的名单。
历史很有趣。
“教科书”和“历史小说”、“历史演义”和“通俗历史”以及(愿主救我们! )“电影史”和研究史是有区别的。
波旁威士忌、朗姆酒和啤酒都有历史。武器从前镗枪发展到突击步枪。
读一本关于从1600年开始向印第安人出售枪支的书(有关历史的），不是电影史。
你对你所在州的部落了解多少?
你可以选择关于“特朗普”的书。
美国历史是一个兔子洞。
All of it. The good. The bad. The politically correct. The non-politically correct. The part that we like. The part that we don’t like.
Don’t erase it. Don’t change it. Don’t pretend it never happened. Don’t ignore it.
There is a learning experience in all of history. The more we know about history, the less likely we are to repeat its mistakes. This is especially true about the bad parts of our history. You erase all the mistakes and you cease to learn from them. The more we know about history, the better understanding we have of mankind. The more we know about his, the greater our ability to make decisions in the future.
History is there for us to learn from, not to change.
所有的一切：好的、坏的、政治正确、非政治正确、我们喜欢的部分、我们不喜欢的部分。
不要抹去它、不要改变它、不要假装什么都没发生过、不要忽视它。
所有的历史都有可以学习的经验。我们对历史了解得越多，就越不可能重蹈覆辙。对于我们历史上糟糕的部分尤其如此，你抹掉了所有的错误，就无法从中吸取教训了。我们对历史了解得越多，我们对人类就越了解。我们对美国历史了解得越多，我们将来做决定的能力就越强。
历史是供我们学习的，而不是用来改变的。
Important!? It demands our prioritized attention!! Ancestral crimes!!! Slavery!! The War on history!!
One of the most senior experts on cybersecurity and AI at the Pentagon has just resigned stating that compared to China we are at the “kindergarten” level and doubts that, given their lead, we will be able to catch up.
Missed that did you?
Other scientists have predicted that China will within a decade or two be far ahead of us in genetic research, AI and medical advancements.
So We must focus on the rectification(?) of Thomas Jefferson's sexual conduct, Wounded Knee and snowflake pronouns….things that simpletons can get their minds(?) around and around and around.
Meanwhile the Japanese are doubling their military budget due to weakening American power in the Pacific…and all that nonsense while we should be focused on WWII internment!!
重要的它需要我们优先关注！！祖先的罪行！！！奴隶身份历史之战！！
五角大楼一位最资深的网络安全和人工智能专家刚刚辞职，他表示，与中国相比，我们处于“幼儿园”水平，并怀疑在他们的领导下，我们是否能够赶上。
你错过了吗？
其他科学家预测，在基因研究、人工智能和医学进步方面，中国将在一二十年内遥遥领先。
因此，我们必须专注于纠正托马斯·杰斐逊的性行为、受伤的膝盖和雪花代词……傻瓜们可以反复思考的事情。
与此同时，由于美国在太平洋地区的实力减弱，日本的军事预算翻了一番……而我们本应专注于二战拘留！！
For leaders, it enables them to avoid the errors of the past. Machiavelli’s book The Prince is advice for kings and other autocratic leaders. It’s full of examples drawn from history.
All the smartest American presidents have been students of history. All the dumbest ones were not.
For the rest of us, it’s entertaining and gives us a better understanding of why our world is the way it is. To understand why Palestine, and most of the Middle East, is such a mess, you have to know what the imperial powers did when it treated that region as a group of colonies. Syria, Jordan, Iraq, Israel, and Lebanon were not created the way they are by their own inhabitants. The lines were drawn by outsiders, chiefly France and the United Kingdom. Only history can explain this.
对于领导者来说，学会历史使他们能够避免过去的错误。马基雅弗利的书《君主论》是给国王和其他专制领导人的建议，书中充满了历史上的例子。
所有最聪明的美国总统都是历史的学生，所有最蠢的都不是。
对我们其他人来说，历史很有趣，让我们更好地理解为什么我们的世界是这样的。要理解为什么巴勒斯坦和中东大部分地区如此混乱，你必须知道帝国列强将该地区视为殖民地时做了些什么事。叙利亚、约旦、伊拉克、以色列和黎巴嫩并不是由他们自己的居民创造出来的。界线是由外人划定的，主要是法国和英国。只有历史才能解释这一点。
History is the study of past. However many people dislike history. History well told is beautiful. I think it is important for us to study history because
To understand:
We need to study history to understand to change and to know about how the society we live in came to existence. Isn't this important?
To know:
It is important for us to know about our past. How the countries , oceans,mountains,rivers,valleys, plains are formed. To know about how we evolved. Isn't this important?
To learn:
History is the record of the past events. We can learn from the mistakes that we have done. By analysing the mistakes we can avoid it in the future. Isn't this important?
历史是对过去的研究。然而，许多人不喜欢历史，讲得好的历史是美丽的，我认为研究历史对我们来说很重要，因为
要理解：
我们需要学习历史来理解变化，了解我们所生活的社会是如何形成的；这难道不重要吗?
要知道：
了解我们的过去对我们来说很重要。国家、海洋、山脉、河流、山谷、平原是如何形成的。了解我们是如何进化的，这不是很重要吗？
学习：
历史是对过去事件的记录。我们可以从我们所犯的错误中吸取教训。通过分析错误，我们将来可以避免它，这不是很重要吗？
Now we are following a very different lifestyle and many practises that have been followed in the ancient time are long forgotten.we can follow certain practises like practising yoga and meditation to lead a healthy life. isn't this important?
To develop:
If we have the basic knowledge about the inventions and discoveries made in the past ,it will be easy for us to develop things than to start from the initial stage. Isn't this important?
To shape our future:
Though history is the study of the past, it helps us in shaping the present. It helps us know about how past has helped us and how can we shape our future. Moreover we ourselves making history everyday. Isn't this important?
以下内容：
现在我们正在遵循一种非常不同的生活方式，许多在古代一直遵循的做法早已被遗忘。我们可以遵循一定的做法，如练习瑜伽和冥想，过健康的生活。这难道不重要吗?
开发：
如果我们对过去的发明和发现有了基本的了解，对我们来说，这种情况下研发东西比从初始阶段开始研发要容易得多，这难道不重要吗?
塑造我们的未来：
虽然历史是对过去的研究，但它有助于我们塑造现在。它帮助我们了解过去是如何帮助我们的，以及帮助我们如何塑造我们的未来。此外，我们自己每天都在创造历史，这不是很重要吗？
When I was in 8th grade, I asked a history teacher this same question, much to his annoyance. Six years later I was studying history full time, so I must have learned something important from him!
Much of what we read in FB, etc. involves people who deal with current events based on emotions, not reason. History allows one to step back and get perspective. For example, when Pres. Trump was elected, I wondered how someone with his character could lead the nation. Then I remembered that the president we have on our $20 bill killed at least three men in duels, and the guy on the $10 bill was killed by our vice president in a duel!
History helps us to realize that we have dealt with the same issues before, and the answers might be in the history books. For example, FDR gives us a good idea of how to deal with immigration through the Bracero Program.
Thirdly, if we use reason rather than emotion, we can see that “both sides of the aisle” are very fallible. Conservatives and liberals can both realize that they don’t have a corner on the market for truth if they are willing to look to history and learn about the successes and failures of their policies in the past.
当我八年级的时候，我问了一位历史老师同样的问题，这让他很恼火。六年后，我开始全日制的学习历史，所以我一定从他那里学到了一些重要的东西！
我们在facebook等媒体上了解到很多东西，涉及那些基于情感而不是理性来处理当前事件的人。历史允许我们退后一步，重新审视自己。例如，当特朗普当选总统时，我想知道像他这样的人如何来领导国家。然后我想起我们20美元钞票上的总统在决斗中杀死了至少三个人，而10美元钞票上的那个人是被我们的副总统在决斗中杀死的!
历史帮助我们认识到，我们以前处理过同样的问题，答案可能在历史书中。例如，罗斯福给了我们一个很好的想法，关于如何通过「手臂计划」(Bracero Program)来处理移民问题。
第三，如果我们用理性而不是情感，我们可以看到“两党议员”都很容易出错。保守派和自由派都能意识到这一点，如果他们愿意回顾历史，了解他们过去政策的成功和失败，他们就不可能在真理市场占有一席之地。
We are taught a very whitewashed version of our history which tends to be taught in a very unengaging way so that one purges it from the brain as soon as the test is over. It’s really shocking how many people don’t know very basic things. It’s a serious condemnation of the American educational system, but that’s what happens when it’s meddled with by non-teachers and so chronically underfunded so that it’s difficult to retain any teacher of quality.
我们被灌输的是一种非常粉饰的历史，这种历史倾向于以一种非常不吸引人的方式被灌输，这样一来，考试一结束，人们就会把它从大脑中清除出去。很多人连最基本的东西都不懂，这真是令人震惊。这是对美国教育体系的严重谴责，但这就是非教师干预教育体系的结果，长期资金不足，以至于很难留住任何高质量的教师。
What is the start of American history?
Great question.
In answering it, I focus on it's precise meaning because, I agree that "Definitions do matter." The start of "American History" in this question, means the beginning of the American Social Experiment that began in the age of Enlightenment during the revolt that took place in the British Colonies on the North American Continent in the late 1700s.
Much had been written and debated about Political and Social systems prior to this time with the British Philosophers, Locke, Hume and others giving credit to the idea that the population might have more and more say in the powers that ruled over them at the time.
I believe the true beginning of "American History" was when the Declaration of Independence, stating their grievances against the British Crown, outlined the set of principles that rephrased the various Colonies revolt into becoming the establishment of a society that identified, established and protected the Individual Citizen as the supreme ruler of their Society and Country. The timeless phrase, "We hold these truths to be self evident that all men are created [socially and politically] equal. . ." began a new era in the history of modern western Social arrangements. American History began with the Declaration and was established by the Constitution. The Declaration declared "Why" they fought and "what" they wanted to build. The Constitution declared the "HOW" they were going to do it.
美国历史的开端是什么？
好问题。
在回答这个问题时，我把重点放在它的确切含义上，因为我赞同“定义很重要”。在这个问题中，“美国历史”的开始意味着美国社会实验的开始，这个社会实验开始于18世纪末北美大陆英属殖民地起义期间的启蒙时代。
在此之前，有很多关于政治和社会制度的著作和辩论，英国哲学家洛克、休姆和其他一些人都认为，民众可能会对当时统治他们的权力有越来越多的发言权。
我认为“美国历史”的真正开端是《独立宣言》，它陈述了他们对英国王室的不满，概述了一套原则，这些原则将各个殖民地的起义重新表述为建立一个社会，这个社会认同、确立并保护作为他们社会和国家最高统治者的个体公民。“我们认为这些真理不言自明，人人生而平等（在社会和政治上）……”这句永恒的短语开启了现代西方社交安排史上的一个新时代。美国历史始于《独立宣言》，并由《宪法》确立。《独立宣言》宣布了他们战斗的“原因”和他们想要建造的“东西”；宪法宣布了他们将如何做到这一点。
"America" says we, you and I, individual citizens, are the last defense of Freedom. The founding fathers paid in blood to gain it, and if we lose it, future generations will have to pay in blood to get it back.
You see, I disagree with the statement, "The Past itself does NOT exist! It is gone forever and can never repeated as many erroneously believe. "
The past exists in the changes created by our forefathers that we live in today. We inherit what they have done. Their Past actions live on today, around us and in us. But what we do, also changes the future. And our children and grandchildren will have to live with our deeds.
American History began a great change in human history. The last chapter is yet to be written.
Are we capable of maintaining what we have been given? Or will we be corrupted and lose it.
It is OUR choice that matters. The Future History of Humanity awaits our answer.
这两份建国文件改变了人类历史。今天，它们以一个永恒的原则来启发和教育人们:如果你不统治自己，别人就会介入并统治你。如果你不养活自己，那么你就是那些养活你的人的仆人。如果你不坚持自己的独立、真理、荣誉和自律，那么你将被“训练”去追随那些将控制你命运的“领导者”。
美国说:“我们，你和我，每个公民，是自由的最后捍卫者。”。开国元勋们用鲜血换来了它，如果我们失去了它，子孙后代将不得不用鲜血来挽回它。
你看，我不赞同这样的说法，“过去本身并不存在！它已经一去不复返了，永远不会像许多人错误地认为的那样重演。”
过去存在于我们今天生活的祖先所创造的变化中。我们接受了他们过去的行为（带来的影响），他们过去的行为（带来的影响）延续到今天，存在于在我们周围，存在于我们身上。但我们所做的也会改变未来。我们的子孙后代将不得不接受我们的行为。
美国历史开启了人类历史的一次伟大变革，最后一章还没有写完。
我们有能力维持我们所得到的吗?或者我们会被腐蚀而失去它。
重要的是我们的选择，人类的未来史正在等待我们的答案。
Many twentieth century history books began with the European age of exploration that included the voyages of Christopher Columbus. I own an 1867 American history text book that begins with the prehistory of the American continent and starts with the development of Native American society. This is not what I would have guessed or expected. (They did not know as much about the origins of Native Americans in 1867 as we do today; so we could do a better job of this pre-historical approach if we wanted to do it.)
许多二十世纪的历史书都始于欧洲的探险时代，其中包括克里斯托弗·哥伦布的航海事件。我有一本1867年的美国历史教科书，从美洲大陆的史前史开始，从美洲原住民社会的发展开始，这不是我所猜测或期望的。（在1867年，他们并不像我们今天一样了解美洲原住民的起源；所以如果我们愿意的话，我们整理出的历史资料更接近史前真相）
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