Palestine had a successful importing and exporting industry at the beginning of the 20th century.

20世纪初，巴勒斯坦拥有成功的进出口产业。

The expansion of railroads throughout Palestine to neighboring countries helped the region's growth in business.

巴勒斯坦铁路的扩建连接了周边国家，促进了该地区商业的增长。

The British occupation of Palestine created tension amongst citizens and soldiers.

英国占领巴勒斯坦引发了民众和士兵之间的紧张局势。

At the end of World War I, the British occupied the formerly Ottoman-controlled Palestine and declared the establishment in Palestine of a national home for Jewish people. For the next two decades, over 100,000 Jews entered Palestine.
Tensions reached their boiling point after the British withdrew from Palestine in 1948 and the Arab-Israeli War began.
Despite moments of heavy tension and conflict within Palestine during British occupation, life and commerce continued. Historical photos offer a glimpse into everyday life in Palestine before the withdrawal of British troops.
In the 1920s, Jerusalem started to become an important commercial center.

在第一次世界大战结束时，英国占领了之前由奥斯曼帝国控制的巴勒斯坦，并宣称在巴勒斯坦建立一个供犹太人居住的国家。在接下来的二十年里，超过100,000名犹太人进入了巴勒斯坦。
1948年英国从巴勒斯坦撤军，阿以战争爆发后，紧张局势达到了沸点。
尽管在英国占领期间的巴勒斯坦存在紧张和冲突的时刻，但生活和商业仍在继续。历史照片展示了英军撤离之前巴勒斯坦的日常生活。
20世纪20年代，耶路撒冷开始成为一个重要的商业中心。


The Nablus soap stock room where soap is stacked to dry.Matson photograph collection via Library of Congress.

纳布卢斯的肥皂储存室，那里的肥皂被堆放晾干。马特森摄影收藏，国会图书馆。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


In the 1920s, Jerusalem grew its reputation as a key commercial center, in tandem with the coastal cities of Jaffa and Gaza, which helped with the importing and exporting of goods.
Palestine became a trading hub, trading soap, grain, and cotton to Europe, Africa, and the Middle East.
Gaza and Jaffa imported goods from Egypt, Istanbul, China, India, and France.
Palestine utilized the new influx of commerce to build roads and railroads that connected Jerusalem to other ports and cities.

在20世纪20年代，耶路撒冷与海滨城市雅法和加沙一起成为一个重要的商业中心，协助进出口商品。巴勒斯坦成为一个贸易中心，向欧洲、非洲和中东出口肥皂、谷物和棉花。加沙和雅法从埃及、伊斯坦布尔、中国、印度和法国进口商品。巴勒斯坦利用新增加的商业流入来修建连接耶路撒冷与其他港口和城市的道路和铁路。


People crowd around a steamroller rolling down Jerusalem street.Matson photograph collection via Library of Congress.

人们聚集在耶路撒冷街道上，看着一台蒸汽压路机行驶。照片来自马特森摄影收藏，通过美国国会图书馆提供。

When railroads started being constructed in Palestine in the late 19th and early 20th century, connections became easier and faster, and employment opportunities grew. The trains connected Palestine to neighboring African, Asian, and European markets in a different way than their ports could.
Produce was bountiful and available to buy on a small or large scale.

19世纪末和20世纪初，当铁路开始在巴勒斯坦修建时，交通变得更加便捷和快速，就业机会也增加了。这些火车以与港口不同的方式将巴勒斯坦与邻近的非洲、亚洲和欧洲市场连接起来。
农产品丰富，并且可以以小规模或大规模购买。


A boy collects Palestinian oranges at Damascus gate.Matson photograph collection via Library of Congress.

一个男孩在大马士革门收集巴勒斯坦的橙子。照片来自马特森摄影收藏，通过美国国会图书馆提供。

It was sold at outdoor markets or processed in factories to be sold.
Investments from neighboring countries solidified a strong trade economy.

这些橙子在露天市场上出售，或者被加工成产品后销售。来自邻国的投资巩固了强大的贸易经济。


A typical dry goods stall in Nebi Rubin (The Prophet Reuben), Southern Palestine.Matson photograph collection via Library of Congress.

巴勒斯坦南部的尼比鲁宾（先知鲁本）地区的一家典型杂货摊。照片来自马特森摄影收藏，通过美国国会图书馆提供。

People would come to work for trade in the city or on the railways.
Locals ran food markets and bakeries.

人们会前来城市或铁路工作进行贸易。当地人经营着食品市场和面包店。


A bakery in Nebi Rubin (The Prophet Reuben) in Southern Palestine.Matson photograph collection via Library of Congress.

在巴勒斯坦南部的尼比鲁宾（先知鲁宾）地区的一家面包店。照片来自马特森摄影收藏，通过美国国会图书馆提供。

People went about their daily lives, buying groceries and interacting with their neighbors.

人们过着日常生活，购买杂货，与邻居互动


A Palestinian baker sells bread to a customer.Matson photograph collection via Library of Congress

一位巴勒斯坦面包师向一位顾客销售面包。照片来自马特森摄影收藏，通过美国国会图书馆提供。

The Friends of Ramallah, a Quaker organization, opened up schools for children.

拉马拉的朋友（一个贵格会组织）为儿童开设了学校。


Children at the Ramallah Quaker Mission School.Matson photograph collection via Library of Congress.

在兰马拉贵格会传教学校的儿童。照片来自马特森摄影收藏，通过美国国会图书馆提供。

A number of small schools were opened in different villages for girls in 1869. Later, the Friends of Ramallah would open a "Girls Training Home of Ramallah," where girls from neighboring cities could stay and learn.
The Friends of Ramallah began the boys' school in 1901 which was on a different site than the girls' school. However, for an hour and a half each week, the boys and girls would engage in co-educational classes.
Women of different ages would gather to knit and spin wool at the Women's Institute.

1869年，不同的村庄开设了许多小型女子学校。后来，兰马拉的朋友们将开设“兰马拉女子培训中心”，邻近城市的女孩可以在这里学习和居住。
1901年，兰马拉的朋友开始了男子学校，地点与女校不同。不过，这些男孩和女孩每周要花一个半小时参加男女同校的课程。
不同年龄的妇女会聚集在妇女学院编织和纺羊毛。


Arab women of the Women's Institute in Old City.Matson photograph collection via Library of Congress

老城区妇女学院的阿拉伯妇女。照片来自马特森摄影收藏，通过美国国会图书馆提供。

There were still constant reminders of the presence of a foreign occupier throughout the first half of the 20th century.

在20世纪上半叶，外来占领者的存在仍然时常提醒着人们。


Two women walk in front of an American market in Palestine.Matson photograph collection via Library of Congress.

两位妇女走在巴勒斯坦一家美国市场前面。照片来自马特森摄影收藏，通过美国国会图书馆提供。

Despite a booming trade economy, British occupation still loomed heavily in the streets of Palestinian cities.
After the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in 1917, the British took control of Palestine and occupied the region for 30 years.
The British occupation also began the establishment in Palestine of a "national home for the Jewish people," mandated by the Balfour Declaration, named after British Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour.
Despite the civil unrest lurking in Palestine, there was also a sense of normal day-to-day life.

虽然贸易经济蓬勃发展，但英国的占领仍然严重威胁着巴勒斯坦城市的街道。
在1917年奥斯曼帝国的战败后，英国接管了巴勒斯坦，并占领该地区长达30年。
英国占领还开始在巴勒斯坦建立一个“犹太人民族家园”，这是《贝尔福宣言》(Balfour Declaration)的规定，该宣言以英国外交大臣阿瑟·贝尔福(Arthur Balfour)的名字命名。
尽管巴勒斯坦潜伏着内乱，但也有一种日常生活正常的感觉。


Old City Street, Nazareth.Matson photograph collection via Library of Congress.

纳撒勒古城街道。照片来自马特森摄影收藏，通过美国国会图书馆提供。

By the middle of the century, the British left Palestine and left the Arab and Jewish populations to settle land disputes on their own. The time leading up to their withdrawal was filled with bombings, protests, and demonstrations. Despite the turmoil that filled those years, photos of Palestine during that time offer glimpses of day-to-day life in markets, homes, and businesses.

到了世纪中期，英国离开了巴勒斯坦，并让阿拉伯和犹太人民议定自己的土地争端。
在英国撤军前的那段时间充满了爆炸、抗议和示威。尽管这些年充满了动荡，但当时巴勒斯坦的照片提供了市场、家庭和企业日常生活的一瞥。