为什么南印度比北印度发达得多？（一）

Shravan Singh
Out of 30 years of my life, having 8 years in Chennai and due to my travelling hobbies I have visited all South Indian states and observed it.
So can say South is definitely much more developed than North India. These are the reasons for that –

在我30年的生活中，我在金奈生活了8年，由于我的旅行爱好，我参观了南印度所有的邦，并观察了它。
所以可以说南部肯定比北印度发达得多。原因如下

Education- In South Education is valued more. As CRS program I visited many of their Rural Government School and was happy to know that Education Quality, infrastructure, discipline etc were much better.And we all know conditions of most of government schools in villages specially in Northern states. With education comes other benefits such as knowing about your rights, legal protection, fight for equality, contraception(Lowers birth rate). You learn about different world ideas.And there Woman Education and their contributions in job plays a major role as can be seen in literacy and employment data.

教育——在南部，教育受到更高的重视。作为CRS项目的一部分，我参观了许多政府农村学校，很高兴得知那里的教育质量、基础设施、纪律等方面都要好得多。而我们都知道大多数印度村庄的政府学校的情况，尤其是在北部邦。随着教育的提高，人们得到了其他好处，比如了解自己的权利、法律保护、争取平等、避孕（降低生育率）。你会了解不同的世界观念。女性教育和她们在就业中的贡献在识字率和就业数据中起着重要作用。

Freight Equalisation Policy- The freight equalisation concept made "essential" items available at same prices throughout the country. These items included steel, coal , cement among many others. The idea was to achieve promote balanced regional development of industries throughout the country.Now, the rate of materials was the same everywhere, it made sense for industries to set up in the south because of access to Ports for imports and exports. So industries moved to South leading to better development.

货运平等政策——货运平等概念使"必需品"在全国范围内价格相同。这些物品包括钢铁、煤炭、水泥等。这个想法是为了促进全国范围内工业的平衡区域发展。现在，物料的费用无论在哪里都是相同的，南方由于可以进出口港口更加方便，所以工业向南方转移，导致南方的发展更好。

Natural Minerals- Northern region being more fertile had a way higher population density historically.A perennial water supply was availible. So people preferred to migrate and live in these areas. This lead to a higher stress on resources. As healthcare got better, the population increased manifold leading to a situation where the local industries couldn't sustain so many people and hence poverty increased.

自然矿产——北部地区历史上土地肥沃，人口密度高得多。有一条常年的水源。所以人们更喜欢迁移和生活在这些地区。这导致资源负担更加沉重。随着医疗保健的改善，人口数量增加了很多，导致本地产业无法维持这么多人，因此贫困加剧。

Historical Reason- Southern India did not suffer as many invasions and attacks as northern India during the last millennia. So it got looted less and hence did not get setback decades after each attack like North Indian states.

历史原因——南印度在过去的千年中没有像北印度那样遭受那么多侵略和攻击。因此南印度被抢劫的次数较少，没有像北印度那样每次受到攻击后退步几十年。

Caste Based Politics- I remember the day when there was huge tension in Chennai when scam verdicts on JaiLalitha came and our college was closed on that day. That was the craze of her but just after her demise whole vote base shifted to Opposition party .So I mean to say casteist is in South also but it is not only the factor to support a party whereas in UP, Bihar casteism plays major role in winning elections.Especially when it comes to caste system or religious tensions south is more calm. So their government focuses more on infrastructure, development, education etc even though they do a lot of freebies.

基于种姓的政治——我记得在金奈市有一天，当贪污判决书公布时，整个城市都处于紧张状态，我们的大学也因此关闭了。那是吉·贾亚拉克茜的热潮，但在她逝世后，整个选民基础转向了反对党。我的意思是南方也存在种姓主义，但它不仅仅是支持一个政党的因素，而在北方的邦，种姓主义在赢得选举中起着主要作用。特别是当涉及种姓制度或宗教紧张时，南方更加平静。因此，他们的政府更专注于基础设施、发展和教育等方面，即使他们也提供很多免费项目。

Southern regions Ports and Governmental Subsidies- These are preferable to setting industries and due to more literacy rate in Technical education even IT and other service based companies prefers setting infrastructure there.
At the end we all are Indian and one day hopefully all the states will be prosperous.

南部港口和政府补贴——这些对于建立产业来说都很有优势，由于南方技术教育的识字率更高，甚至IT和其他服务型公司也喜欢在那里建立基础设施。
最终，我们都是印度人，希望有一天所有邦都能繁荣发展。

P.S. - I’m from Ghazipur in UP and these were my opinions which I have observed. Here I never mean to disrespect any state. Your opinions might be different than mine.

P.S. - 我来自北方邦的加济普尔，这些都是我所观察到的意见。我并不是要贬低任何一个邦。你的观点可能会与我的不同。

Sarath Reddy
South India now consists of five States -- Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Telengana. The last State has recently been formed.
Of these the two States of the South -- Tamil Nadu and Kerala top the literacy charts of the country, with Kerala bagging the honor as the most advanced State of India, in terms of literacy. There has been a huge development in each of the States in the past two decades, and this development has actually overtaken the pace of development of some States of the North of India.

南印度现在包括五个邦——泰米尔纳德邦、喀拉拉邦、卡纳塔克邦、安得拉邦和特伦甘纳邦。最近才成立的特伦甘纳邦。 在这些南印度邦中，泰米尔纳德邦和喀拉拉邦在全国素质教育排行榜上名列前茅，而喀拉拉邦则荣获印度最先进邦的头衔。过去二十年来，每个邦都有巨大的发展，实际上超过了北方一些邦的发展速度。

There are many reasons for this and we need to understand how these reasons work in the favor of the South Indian States.
The first reason is literacy, and knowledge of English.
South India and its people are the ones who give maximum importance to English and to their own mother tongues. Thus, while a Kerala person or Tamil Nadu person gets to see all official communication in Malayalam or Tamil, there is English too.
In Chennai, the gateway to South India, even the Arts and Science colleges have very good standards of English . This is the main reason why Chennai leads in terms of employment in the Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) sector, and the entire city is also very IT-savvy.

造成这种情况的原因有很多，我们需要了解这些原因是如何对南印度邦有利的。 第一个原因是素质教育和英语知识。 南印度及其人民非常重视英语和自己的母语。因此，喀拉拉邦或泰米尔纳德邦的人能够看到所有的官方通讯既有马拉雅拉姆语或泰米尔语，也有英语。 在南印度的门户城市金奈，即使是艺术与科学学院的英语水平也非常高。这就是为什么金奈在商业流程外包（BPO）领域的就业方面处于领先地位，并且整个城市在信息技术方面也很先进。

The presence of more than six deemed Universities, at least four of which are way ahead of their counterparts in terms of standards, has also contributed to the rapid growth of the IT industry. This single development has seen the city expand by leaps and bounds on all three sides. (the fourth side, is not possible, because of the sea).
Even the outskirts of the city are very well developed and the English medium schools are the only place where the middle classes put their children into.
Ditto for the people from Kerala and Karnataka. Bangalore, the IT capital of India, has grown by leaps and bounds, thanks to the IT sector and the presence of a huge number of Public Sector Units as well. Once again, the English medium schools dominate the education scenario at the school level.

六所以上被认定为大学的存在，其中至少有四所在水平上遥遥领先，也促进了信息技术产业的快速发展。仅此一项发展，就使这座城市的三面扩张突飞猛进。(第四面，因为靠海，不可能）。
即使是城市的郊区也发展得非常好，英语学校是中产阶级把孩子送到的唯一地方。
来自喀拉拉邦和卡纳塔克邦的人也是如此。班加罗尔是印度的 IT 之都，得益于 IT 行业和大量公共部门单位的存在，班加罗尔的发展突飞猛进。在学校教育方面，英语学校再次占据主导地位。

Kerala is the number one State in India in terms of literacy. A few myths about Kerala have to be broken if one were to understand what the State is all about. The people of Kerala are the most mobile, not only in India, but perhaps in the whole of Asia. For example, if one takes the Gulf countries, at every single level, including at the worker level, one can easily see that the Kerala people simply dominate the entire scenario.
Each and every village has the minimum of facilities and the huge inflow of money from abroad, keeps the economy going. One of every three families in Kerala, would probably have a relative working abroad. Even within India, the people of Kerala can be found in Nagaland, in each of the North-eastern States and in Orissa and West Bengal. It is easy to see the pace of assimilation into local cultures.

喀拉拉邦是印度的素质教育第一邦。要理解喀拉拉邦的真正面貌，必须打破一些关于喀拉拉邦的错误观念。喀拉拉邦的人民不仅是印度，甚至可能是整个亚洲最流动的人群。例如，如果看看海湾国家，不管在什么层次上，包括工作者层面，都可以很容易地看到喀拉拉邦人完全占据了整个局面。 每个村庄都有最基本的设施，大量来自国外的资金使得经济持续发展。可能每三个喀拉拉邦家庭中就有一个亲戚在海外工作。即使在印度国内，喀拉拉邦人也可以在那加兰邦（Nagaland），东北各邦以及奥里萨邦和西孟加拉邦找到他们。很容易看出他们融入当地文化的速度。

For example, every single woman from the middle classes from Kerala, who has settled in New Delhi, will never hesitate to learn Hindi, Punjabi and wear the most fashionable clothes. They would mingle with the local population and take up any good job.
Where does this money go? Obviously, to Kerala, and the development takes place in Kerala as well. The people of Kerala believe in natural cure and prevention. Ayurveda and Siddha, with a heavy base on herbal treatment, is so common.
From literacy, a huge amount of development takes place.

例如，每一个从喀拉拉邦中产阶级定居在新德里的妇女都会毫不犹豫地学习印地语、旁遮普语，并且穿着最时尚的服装。她们会与当地人交往并从事任何好的工作。 这些资金去哪里了呢？显然是为了喀拉拉邦，喀拉拉邦也得以发展。喀拉拉邦的人们相信自然疗法和预防保健。阿育吠陀和悉达疗法以草药疗法为基础，在喀拉拉邦非常常见。 从素质教育开始，大量的发展就会产生。

Secondly, the rule of the law is more possible in the entire South India,
Yes, corruption is there, but the magnitude is still very less. Discipline brings about more peace of mind, and more conducive atmospheres for people to work. For example, it is very much there in the Public domain that Tamil Nadu ranks among the most industrialized States of India. The reason is that it is considered peaceful, and labor is much more disciplined than elsewhere.

其次，在整个南印度，法治更有可能实施。 是的，腐败存在，但程度仍然很低。纪律带来了更多的心灵宁静，为人们提供了更有利的工作环境。例如，公共领域的数据显示，泰米尔纳德邦被认为是印度最工业化的邦之一。原因是该邦被认为是安定的，劳动力要比其他地方更加遵纪守法。

Even in the matter of implementation of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme, the South Indian States have done exceedingly well. . The Public Distribution Scheme works very well, and the poor do get access to the basic minimum of comforts. Public Health is not too good, but improvements are being made everywhere.
The then undivided Andhra Pradesh and its capital city of Hyderabad, got a big boost when Shri Chandrababu Naidu was the Chief Minister. He ensured that the IT industry came to the State in a big way. Today, Hyderabad is literally giving Bangalore a run for its money.
Cities also have IT corridors and the Special Economic Zones. The country's first Special Economic Zone (SEZ) was set up in Chennai, with Mahindra and Mahindra taking up the lead. This SEZ now houses several industrial firms and the huge amount of investment simply grows the ever growing service sector.
The big retail guns are all present in each of the four States.

即使在国家农村就业保障计划的实施方面，南印度邦也表现出色。公共分发计划运作良好，贫困人口能够获得基本的舒适条件。公共卫生状况并不太好，但各方面都在进行改进。 当时的安得拉邦（现在部分属于特伦甘纳邦）及其首府海德拉巴获得了很大的推动力，这要归功于时任首席部长尼·钱德拉巴布·奈杜（Shri Chandrababu Naidu）。他确保IT行业大规模进入该邦。如今，海德拉巴几乎让班加罗尔望尘莫及。 城市也有IT走廊和特区经济。印度第一个特区经济（SEZ）就是在金奈设立的，由马辛德拉和马欣德拉（Mahindra and Mahindra）公司领导。这个特区现在容纳了几家工业企业，巨额投资使日益增长的服务行业蓬勃发展。 所有大型零售业巨头都在这四个邦都有存在。

Thirdly, there is also a religious economy that drives growth in many parts of the South of India. For example, there is an ashram on the outskirts of Chennai, in a place called Melmaruvathur, which is basically a temple, but has now grown by a one hundred times in twenty years, thanks to the huge investment made by the Trust in education, health, orphanages and so on. The allied service sector has also grown. Tirupathi is a glorious place, which has grown because of the world-famous Lord Venkateswara temple.
Madurai, Tiruchirapalli, Trivandrum (the capital of Kerala), have all grown, thanks to the huge number of temples in each of these places and in the places nearby.
Focused development has also been witnessed in Coimbatore, Mangalore, Hubli, Vijayawada and Vishakapatnam.
Very enlightened Corporate partnership has also contributed to growth. For example, the TVS group, the largest single conglomerate of South India, has contributed to the growth of many lower middle class groups, through commendable social work.
Similarly, Infosys Technologies and Wipro, lead by Mr. Narayana Murthy and Mr. Azim Premji, have done superb work in hundreds of villages.
The rain-fed areas of Andhra Pradesh (now partly in Telengana) have grown, solely based on agriculture and agro industries. Many rich farmers also have self-financing colleges in Andhra Pradesh.
The total number of engineering colleges in Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh ( including Telangana) will easily exceed one thousand. One can imagine the direct and indirect employment as a consequence of this kind of a growth.

第三，南印度也有一个推动南印度许多地区增长的宗教经济。例如，在金奈郊外的梅尔马鲁瓦图尔，有一个基本上是寺庙的修道院，但是由于该信托基金在教育、医疗、孤儿院等方面的巨额投资，它在二十年里已经增长了一百倍。相关的服务业也得到了发展。提鲁帕提是一个荣耀的地方，因为那里有世界闻名的文克特什瓦拉神庙而发展起来。 马杜赖、特里奇拉帕利（Tiruchirapalli）、特里凡得琅（喀拉拉的首府）以及科伊马托尔、芒格洛尔、哈布里、维杰亚瓦达和维沙卡帕特南等地也都经历了集中的发展。 非常开明的企业合作伙伴关系也促进了增长。例如，南印度最大的单一企业集团TVS集团通过可赞扬的社会工作，为许多下层中产阶级群体的增长做出了贡献。 同样，由纳拉揚·穆尔蒂（Narayana Murthy）先生和阿齐姆·普雷姆吉（Azim Premji）先生领导的Infosys Technologies和Wipro在数百个村庄开展了出色的工作。 安得拉邦（现在部分属于特伦甘纳邦）的雨水灌溉区完全依靠农业和农业工业实现了增长。许多富裕的农民在安得拉邦设立了自负盈亏的大学。 泰米尔纳德邦和安得拉邦（包括特伦甘纳邦）的工程学院总数将超过一千所。可以想象这种增长带来的直接和间接就业机会。

Fourthly, the South of India has a huge service sector, that is very very active. The number of small kirana shops in every single town is not only related to the total population, but also related to the consumption habits that is very high. Specific areas experience growth in specific areas and this is simply huge, to say the least.
For example, in Coimbatore city, one can see a very large number of bakeries selling a vast variety of bread, cakes, buns and a superb variety of snacks fried in fresh coconut oil. This is something that has be seen to be believed. Anything that is freshly made, is mostly sold out on the very same day. The consumption levels are very high.
The night shop culture in Madurai city has even attracted foreigners. The vast variety of non-vegetarian food is another big attraction. These shops are open right up to 3 am in the morning, and the tourist traffic that runs into at least one lakh per day, keeps this going.

第四，南印度有一个庞大而活跃的服务业。每个城镇的小型杂货店数量不仅与总人口相关，而且与消费习惯密切相关。特定地区经验在特定方面的增长非常巨大。 例如，在科伊马托尔市，人们可以看到大量的面包房销售各种各样的面包、蛋糕、饼干和用新鲜椰子油炸制的各种美味小吃。这简直是不可想象的景象。任何当天新鲜制作的东西通常都会在当天卖光。消费水平非常高。 马杜赖市的夜店文化甚至吸引了外国人。各种各样的非素食食品是另一个很大的吸引力。这些商店在早上3点之前都开着门，每天有至少十万名游客，这使得这一行业保持不断发展。

Chennai is called the Detroit of India, thanks to the huge auto ancillary base and the presence of a huge number of auto majors like BMW, Volkswagen, Ford, Hyundai, and so on, have made a massive growth possible, in terms of overall development.
Infrastructure development in terms of international airports in each of the States, superb roads, lixages to local markets and extensive use of information technologies in offices, also aids development.
South India has several advantages. These advantages will simply drive growth for several decades to come.
EDIT: thank you guys for reading my first answer to cross 50K views, I just presented my views in this answer, this is not intended to hurt anyone. If unknowingly i had hurt anyone’s feeling, i am sorry.
Happy reading :-)

金奈被称为印度的底特律，得益于庞大的汽车零部件基地和诸多像宝马、大众、福特、现代等汽车巨头的存在，整体发展取得了巨大的成就。 在基础设施发展方面，每个邦都有国际机场、优质的道路、与当地市场的联系以及办公室广泛使用的信息技术，这也有助于发展。 南印度有几个优势。这些优势将在未来几十年推动经济增长。 编辑：感谢大家阅读了我的第一个回答，并且超过了5万次浏览，我在这个回答中只是陈述了我的观点，这并不是要冒犯任何人。如果无意中伤害了任何人的感情，我道歉。 祝阅读愉快 :-)

Sikkandar
I am from south and i travelled allover north for some business purposes, I found one thing in common in all North Indian states and that is THE WAY OF POLITICAL PARTIES GET ELECTED IN EACH ELECTIONS, after five years of peaceful rule in Tamilnadu and Kerala, all parties in those south are coming with more industrialisation plans and educational plans for masses and social reform (mid day meal, gold for graduate girl's marriage ( this prevent child marriage ) and many other plans for betterment of people, but in the same time those parties in the north are starting communal rights to get one group's vote and othet party is acting to stop that riot to get other group's vote, most of north indian elections are based on some words ( pakistan, hindu hate, muslim hate, bharat mata ki jei, gau rakshaas , gun violence, group violence ) same time in south ELECTIONS are based on ( development, education, equal rights to all , more industries, more institutions and good human development plans)
This should be changed like what we are doing in south, no one here talks about pakistan ( except bjp ) and even muslims in TN dont know urdu or hindi, we speak our mother tongue TAMIL.

我来自南方，曾经因商务目的在北印度各邦旅行过，我发现所有北印度各邦有一个共同点，那就是每次选举时政党上台的方式。在泰米尔纳德邦和喀拉拉邦连续五年的和平统治后，这些南方邦的所有政党都提出了更多的工业化计划、教育计划以及社会改革计划（比如午餐计划、为女大学生的婚姻提供黄金等，以防止童婚），旨在改善人民的生活。但与此同时，北方邦的政党则开始制造宗派骚乱，以获取某个团体的选票，而其他政党则试图制止骚乱，以获取其他团体的选票。北印度大部分选举都以某些词语为基础（如巴基斯坦、仇恨印度教徒、仇恨穆斯林、印度胜利、保护牛、枪支暴力、团体暴力）。而南方的选举则基于发展、教育、平等权利、更多产业、更多机构以及良好的人类发展计划。应该改变这种情况，效仿南方的做法。在这里，没有人谈论巴基斯坦（除了印度人民党），甚至泰米尔纳德邦的穆斯林也不会说乌尔都语或印地语，我们说我们的母语泰米尔语。

This Political scenario shows clearly what are things stopping north indian states to develop same like other states.

这一政治形势清楚地表明，是什么阻碍了印度北部各邦像其他邦一样发展。

Nisha Satpute
I can see many people here have already answered the question but I beg to differ. Most of the answers are unfortunately, wrong!
There is one and only one major reason why South Indian states more developed than North Indian states.
It's GENDER INEQUALITY AND VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN!!
YES!! You heard it right! It's a major problem in India! I have myself been everywhere in Rajasthan and Haryana and Delhi in my college days. Now I am working in Chennai from the last 2 years. What I am answering might hurt you but it's the truth unfortunately.

我看到很多人已经回答了这个问题，但我不敢苟同。不幸的是，大多数答案都是错误的！
南印度各邦比北印度各邦发达的主要原因只有一个。
那就是性别不平等和对妇女的暴力！！
是的 你没听错！这是印度的一个大问题！我自己在大学时代就在拉贾斯坦邦、哈里亚纳邦和德里到处跑。最近两年，我在金奈工作。我的回答可能会伤害你，但不幸的是，这就是事实。

Men in Northern parts of India treat women like shit. Even today in rural areas of Northern India girls are not allowed to go to high school. They are forced to marry against their will as soon as they turn 18! They are treated like slaves by their husbands and in laws. In addition to that Violence and crime against women is also very high in many parts.
Now tell me if the mother is illiterate, backward and unemployed what will she teach her son??? This is also the reason for high birth rate there.

印度北部的男人对待女人就像对待屎一样。即使在今天的印度北部农村地区，女孩也不能上高中。她们一满 18 岁就被迫违背自己的意愿结婚！她们被丈夫和婆家当成奴隶。除此之外，许多地方针对妇女的暴力和犯罪也非常严重。
现在告诉我，如果母亲是文盲、落后和失业者，她会怎么教她的儿子？这也是那里出生率高的原因。

South India is opposite. All the girls go to engineering/ science colleges, get degrees, work in MNC's make money, etc. Today the work participation rate of women is very high in South India especially in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.
I am not saying all north Indian states are that bad. Punjab and Uttar Pradesh have shown tremendous improvement.
Women in South India and Maharashtra have equal contribution to government and businesses with men.
They will always keep growing faster

南印度恰恰相反。所有女孩都上工程/理科院校，获得学位，在跨国公司工作赚钱等等。如今，南印度妇女的工作参与率非常高，尤其是在泰米尔纳德邦和卡纳塔克邦。
我并不是说北印度所有邦都那么糟糕。旁遮普邦和北方邦已经取得了巨大进步。
南印度和马哈拉施特拉邦的女性在政府和企业中的贡献与男性相当。
她们将继续保持快速增长

Dr. Balaji Viswanathan
1. Size. It is not north vs. south, but small vs. big. Except for Maharashtra (which has Mumbai to power it), all the other top 10 states in per capita incomes are smaller ones (Goa, Himachal, Haryana, Delhi, Sikkim), while the biggest ones (Bihar, MP, UP, Rajasthan) rank the worst. Even in the south, Kerala (smallest) scores way higher than AP (largest) in most development indicators. Size really does matter, when it comes to development. Smaller states can provide better governance and can focus more on development. Southern states are smaller than those in the Hindi heartland.

1. 大小。这不是南方对北方，而是大小之争。除了马哈拉施特拉邦（拥有孟买作为支撑），其他前10个人均收入最高的州都是较小的邦（果阿、喜马偕尔邦、哈里亚纳邦、德里、锡金），而最大的那些邦（比哈尔邦、中央邦、北方邦、拉贾斯坦邦）排名最差。即使在南方，凯拉拉邦（最小的）在大多数发展指标上也远远高于安得拉邦（最大的）。大小确实在发展方面起着作用。较小的邦能够提供更好的治理，并能更专注于发展。南方的邦比印地语地区的邦小。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处

2. Impact of partition & invasions. Most of the upheavals that India faced in the past few centuries was borne by the north: Afghan invasions, Han/Mongol invasion, partition. South was untouched, comparatively. This let us protect our institutions better and focus more on growth as soon as India got its freedom.

2.分裂与侵略的影响。印度过去几个世纪所面临的大部分动荡都是由北方承受的：阿富汗侵略、汉/蒙古入侵、分裂。相比之下，南方相对没有受到太多影响。这使我们能够更好地保护我们的制度，并在印度获得独立后更加专注于经济增长。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处

3. Access to sea. Historically, nations & states with access to oceans have always done well, given better trade, fishing, moderate weather, more rains, transportation options (boat) & more exposure to outside world. Think of US coast vs. Midwest, Japan vs. Mongolia, etc. Southern states & Gujarat have plentiful access to the ocean. The Hindi belt is disadvantaged here by being landlocked (Also see: Landlocked country).

3. 出海口。在历史上，拥有出海口的国家和地区总是表现出色，因为有更好的贸易、渔业、温和的气候、更多的降雨、交通选择（船只）以及更多接触外界的机会。想想美国沿海与中西部、日本与蒙古之间的差距等等。南方的邦和古吉拉特邦都有丰富的海洋通道。印地语地带由于内陆位置受到不利条件的限制（参见：内陆国家）。

4. Lack of major benevolent kingdoms in the recent-past: After the fall of Gupta empire more than a 1000 years ago, north India didn't have a major home-grown empire. Mughals did good in patches, but were mostly undone by barbarians such as Aurangzeb and were sometimes considered aliens. However, in the past few centuries, Maharashtra had the Marathas, South had Vijayanagara empire, etc that provided a little better base to our development.
5. No major cities: Hemanshu Desai pointed in the comment about cities. That is a fair point. Haryana has Delhi in proximity. MH has Mumbai, TN has Chennai... Kerala is highly urbanized, although it doesn't have major metros. The problem with central/north India is that there are no modern cities in proximity to support 600 million people of the area. This requires a major rework on developing cities like Patna, Lucknow, Bhopal and Ranchi.

4.近代缺乏大型仁慈王国：在1000多年前的印度帝国崩溃后，北印度就没有了一个重要的本土帝国。莫卧儿帝国局部取得了成功，但大多数时候都被奥朗斯塞布等野蛮人摧毁，并有时被视为外来者。然而，在过去的几个世纪里，马哈拉施特拉邦拥有马拉塔帝国，南方拥有维韦纳加拉帝国等，这为我们的发展提供了相对较好的基础。
5.缺少主要城市：Hemanshu Desai在评论中指出了城市的问题。这是一个公正的观点。哈里亚纳邦靠近德里。马哈拉施特拉邦靠近孟买，泰米尔纳德邦靠近钦奈...喀拉拉邦的城市化水平很高，尽管没有大型城市。中央/北印度的问题是，附近没有支撑该地区6亿人口的现代化城市。这需要对发展像巴特那、勒克瑙、博帕尔和兰契等城市进行重大改造。

But, it was not always like that. Bihar and Punjab had among the oldest Universities (Nalanda and Taxila, respectively) and for 2000 years, Patna was the major center for India and led India in most aspects. Along with Kanchipuram, Varanasi was the major center of learning. Some of the greatest Indian kings - Ashoka and Samudragupta came from this belt. Hope, they get inspired by the glorious past.

但历史并非总是如此。比哈尔邦和旁遮普邦拥有着最古老的大学（分别是那烂陀寺和达贾拉大学），在过去2000年里，巴特那一直是印度的主要中心，并在大多数方面引领印度。与坎契普拉姆一起，瓦拉纳西是学术的主要中心。一些伟大的印度国王，如阿育王和萨穆德拉·古普塔，都来自这个地区。希望他们能被我们辉煌的过去所激励。