为什么普鲁士没有在1871年拆分法国呢？
Why didn''t Prussia dissolve France in 1871?
译文简介
法国在 1870 年至 1871 年的德法战争后继续作为一个国家存在的原因是，没有任何意图或物质上的可能性来消灭一个比普鲁士大得多、人口多的国家。
正文翻译
Why didn't Prussia dissolve France in 1871?
为什么普鲁士没有在1871年拆分法国呢？
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expert in Polish history, culture and statehood
The reason why France kept existing as a State after the German-Franco war of 1870–1871, is that there was no intent nor material possibility to erase a nation, that was much larger and populous than Prussia.
Despite the military defeat, most of France was not occupied by Prussia and the armistice was not an unconditional surrender to the likes of the German surrender of 1945. There was no possibility to make France disappear or to dissolve it.
(Painting of Bismarck and French Emperor Napoleon III.)
Bismarck was a realist - not a person driven by spontaneous emotions. His goal was the achievement and maintenance of German Unity by a balanced diplomacy and balance of powers in Europe.
He knew, that a foe to the likes of France was to be taken seriously and that France indeed was a major European and world power. He proposed to isolate France from the international community. “Dissolving” France would be nothing but a fantasy - completely unreachable.
波兰历史、文化和国家地位方面的专家
法国在 1870 年至 1871 年的德法战争后继续作为一个国家存在的原因是，没有任何意图或物质上的可能性来消灭一个比普鲁士大得多、人口多的国家。
尽管在军事上失败了，但法国的大部分地区并没有被普鲁士占领，停战也不是像1945年德国投降那样的无条件投降。没有可能让法国消失，也没有可能让它解体。
（俾斯麦和法国皇帝拿破仑三世的画像）
俾斯麦是一个现实主义者——不是一个被自发情绪驱动的人。他的目标是通过平衡的外交和欧洲的权力平衡来实现和维护德国统一。
他知道，要认真对待法国这样的敌人，而且法国确实是一个欧洲和世界大国。他提议将法国从国际社会中孤立出来。“拆分”法国只是一种幻想——完全无法实现。
Bismarck didn’t want to bring an occupied (and permanently hostile) France into Germany any more than he wanted Austria-Hungary, or even just its ethnic German part. The whole idea was to bring the lesser independent German states under Prussian suzerainty. Prussia had to fight three wars to beat back the prime contenders for that control (Denmark, Austria, and France). Once they did, they were ready to declare the Empire and move on. And they stuck to that, until Bismarck got old and Wilhelm II came along.
俾斯麦不想把一个被占领的（而且是永久敌对的）法国带入德国，就像他不想把奥匈帝国，甚至只是其德意志民族部分带入德国一样。他的想法是将较小的独立德意志各国置于普鲁士的宗主权之下。普鲁士不得不打了三场战争来打退争夺这一控制权的主要竞争者（丹麦、奥地利和法国）。一旦他们做到了这一点，他们就准备宣布建立帝国并继续前进。他们坚持这样做，直到俾斯麦老了，威廉二世出现。
If he didnt want a permanently hostile France then proppably he shouldn't have annexed Alcase-Loraine. He guaranteed in that way a powerful sense of French revanchism.
如果他不想要一个永久敌对的法国，那么他不应该吞并阿尔萨斯-洛林。他以这种方式保证了法国人强烈的复仇主义情绪。
IIRC Bismarck was opposed to the annexation of Alsace-Lorraine for this very reason; he believed the relatively small amount of extra territory was not worth the ongoing aggregation!
我没记错的话，出于这个原因，俾斯麦反对吞并阿尔萨斯-洛林；他认为不值得为相对较少的额外领土继续恶化和法国的关系！
It would also have been deemed grossly uncivilized and thrown Europe into decades of uprising and warfare. And authorities then as now are interested in stability also in their own interest.
它（拆分法国）还会被认为是非常不文明的，并使欧洲陷入数十年的起义和战争。和现在一样，当时的当局也对稳定感兴趣，这也是为了他们自己的利益。
Uncivilized to what standards? Were later WWI and its continuation, WWII, civilized?
不文明的标准是什么？后来的一战和它的延续，即二战，是文明的吗？
Uncivilized to what standards
To the unwritten code of conduct adhered to by European aristocracy/military leaders during the turn of the century era.
There was an enlightened sense of Morals developing in Europe after centuries of brutality. Sure, it did still see two of the greatest conflicts ever to come, but very different than the constant internecine games played by the world powers previously.
“不文明的标准是什么？”
世纪之交欧洲贵族/军事领导人遵守的不成文行为准则。
在经历了几个世纪的暴行之后，欧洲出现了一种开明的道德观念。当然，它仍然迎来了两场有史以来最大的冲突，但与世界大国之前不断进行的自相残杀的游戏已经截然不同。
to standards of the time - that were partially driven by aristocrat values, partially by nationalism and mainly by realpolitik. As Bismarck had the say, realpolitik prevailed, with the aristocratic values to a far lesser extent and nationalism only playing a role owed to public opinion in Germany.
当时的标准——部分受贵族价值观驱动，部分受民族主义驱动，主要受现实政治驱动。由于俾斯麦有发言权，现实政治占了上风，而贵族价值观的影响要小得多，民族主义只是在德国的公众舆论中发挥了作用。
Would be uncivilized to continue the war after one achieved its target - uniting Germany. WW I was different story, it started with attack on Austrian monarchy.
在一个人实现了它的目标——统一德国之后，继续战争是不文明的。第一次世界大战是不同的故事，它始于对奥地利君主制的攻击。
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Like France did after the revolution? Almost 3 decades of warfare from the Atlantic coast all the way to Egypt
就像大革命后的法国一样？从大西洋沿岸一直到埃及，近 3 年的战争
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Almost all of the Napoleonic Wars were initiated by the anti-Napoleonic coalition.
几乎所有的拿破仑战争都是由反拿破仑联盟发起的。
I don't even think dissolving France ever seriously occurred to Bismarck. If I remember correctly, he was even opposed to taking Alsace- Lorraine, as he thought that would focus French politics towards Germany on retaking it. And he would be right on that one.
我完全不认为俾斯麦认真考虑过解散法国。如果我没记错的话，他甚至反对拿下阿尔萨斯-洛林，因为他认为这将使法国的政治重心转向德国，以夺回它。而他在这一点上是对的。
Yes, definitely on both points; the first because its so contrary to Bismarck's pragmatic approach, and the second, Bismarck is on record as being opposed.
是的，这两点都没说错；第一是因为它与俾斯麦的实用主义方法相悖，第二是俾斯麦有反对的记录。
Germans suffered heavy casualties during the occupation. They got a death wish if they think of dismantling France in only one war. And Britain or other major powers won't allow prussia or the German empire to exist without a rival.
德国人在占领期间伤亡惨重。如果他们认为只用一场战争就能瓦解法国，那他们就是在找死。英国或其他大国不会允许普鲁士或德意志帝国在没有对手的情况下存在。
Britain would have little say in any of this . It was Militarily inferior .
英国在这方面几乎没有发言权。它在军事上是劣势。
Of course, when I mentioned Britain, I meant their ability to finance others to fight for them and they will just be a cheerleader watching the conflict. They have a lot more weight than you think. The newly formed German empire is not the german empire of ww1.
当然，当我提到英国时，我指的是他们有能力资助他人为他们而战，他们将只是一个旁观冲突的拉拉队队长。它们比你想象的要重得多。新成立的德意志帝国不是第一次世界大战的德意志帝国。
Thanks for your gratitude Carl. There are 6 members of my family lying under French soil obviously cheerleading and waiting for another conflict to watch
谢谢你的评论卡尔。我家有 6 口人躺在法国土地下，确实是啦啦队，等着围观另一场冲突
I'm sorry about that. This intended as a metaphor of how Britain’s involvement in almost every conflict, they are not the one doing most of the hardwork (except the financial) allowing them to win more with the least cost. Different from the behavior of other European nations who mostly use their own armies to carry the war. This is before the great war. During and after that, it is a different story.
I'm sorry and thankful for the sacrifice of your family to achieve this peace.
对此我感到很抱歉。这旨在比喻英国如何参与几乎所有的冲突，他们不是做大部分艰苦工作的人（除了财务），使他们能够以最小的代价赢得更多的胜利。不同于其他欧洲国家大多使用自己的军队来进行战争的行为。这是在世界大战之前的情况。在那期间和之后，则是一个不同的故事。
我为你的家人为实现和平而做出的牺牲感到抱歉和感激。
No problem Carl and thanks for getting back to me. I sometimes bite at the line you’ve taken as I try to view wars and conflicts from the position of the poor souls from all nations doing the fighting and dying rather than the strategies of their money grabbing or power hungry masters. Kind Regards
没问题，卡尔，谢谢你给我的回复。我之所以挑你的评论回复，是因为我试图站在所有国家的可怜人的立场上看待战争和冲突，而不是站在他们攫取金钱或权力的主人的战略上。致以亲切的问候
Britain didn’t sit on the sidelines enjoying the blessings of peace while paying other countries to fight. They fought also. They didn’t have sufficient manpower to field large armies, but they maintained a sizable fleet and won their victories at sea.
英国并没有坐在场边享受和平的祝福，同时付钱给其他国家打仗。他们也进行了战斗。他们没有足够的人力来组建庞大的军队，但他们保持了一支相当规模的舰队，并在海上赢得了胜利。
They were smart to do that so they achieved what they achieved unlike the swedes which has small population in 30 years war and great northern war but still dared to invest lots of men in mainland europe to vie for hegemony. I know, I was using hyperbole to emphasize Britain minimal manpower contribution in conflicts but gone to far.
他们这样做很聪明，所以他们取得了他们所取得的成就，不像瑞典人在 30 年的战争和大北方战争中那样，人口稀少，但仍然敢于在欧洲大陆投入大量人员争夺霸权。我知道，我是在用夸张的方式强调英国在冲突中的人力贡献微乎其微，只不过有点过于夸张了。
This “newly formed German empire “routed the worlds most powerful army in a few weeks .
Germans were ALWAYS a formidable opponent .
这个“新成立的德意志帝国”在几周内击溃了世界上最强大的军队。
德国人一直是一个可怕的对手。
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Outside of participating with allies at Leipzig and Waterloo, Prussia had never defeated France for at least a hundred years before 1871. When Napoleon won the battles of Jena and Auerstedt he redrew the boundaries of Prussia and reduced it to a French vassal.
除了在莱比锡和滑铁卢战役中与盟国合作外，在1871年之前的至少一百年里，普鲁士从未打败过法国。当拿破仑赢得耶拿和奥尔斯泰特战役后，他重新划定了普鲁士的边界，将其降伏为法国的附庸。
Is that why Prussia, Austria and their other small german states were whipped by Napoleon?
这就是普鲁士、奥地利和其他德国小国被拿破仑鞭打的原因吗？
Yes, but they could blockade and sanction Prussia and destroy its economy.
是的，但他们可以封锁和制裁普鲁士并摧毁它的经济。
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Not unless they could recruit all the other countries of eastern and Western Europe.
Historically Britain was a non issue . By its self .
It was Britains ability to drag others into its wars, that Germany feared .
除非他们可以买通东欧和西欧的所有其他国家。
从历史上看，英国不是问题。仅靠它自己的话。
德国担心的是英国将其他国家拖入战争的能力。
And Britain was continuously doing that.
英国一直在这样做。
Prussia and allies already suffered a blockade from the french navy during the war and never tried to break it.
German navy of 1870 wasn’t something and this blockade was the root to Kaiser wanting a proper navy after 1871 because as light as it was it still had bad economical consequence in a few month. If the Royal navy put a blockade in 1871 Prussia would have suffer even more and the british could have land at will as they deed during french revolution and Napoleon wars.
普鲁士及其盟国在战争期间已经遭受法国海军的封锁，而且从未试图打破它。
1870年的德国海军并不强大，这次封锁是德皇在1871年后想要建立一支合适的海军的根本原因，因为尽管它看起来无关紧要，但在几个月内还是会产生不良的经济后果。如果皇家海军在 1871 年实施封锁，普鲁士将遭受更多苦难，而英国人可以像在法国大革命和拿破仑战争中那样随意拿下土地。
I second that great Britain will have crushed the German economy with its with its major Naval superiority
我赞同英国将凭借其主要的海军优势粉碎德国经济
People, ignore Alex Munro. He is a german suprematist nazi symphatizer and holocaust denier. Look at his own answers on the matter.
大伙们，忽略亚历克斯蒙罗的评论。他是德国至上主义纳粹同情者和大屠杀否认者。看看他自己对这些问题的回答。
And France suffered many casualties trying to occupy Mexico.
法国在试图占领墨西哥时伤亡惨重。
Mexico expedition was a drop in the water. Less than 8000 KIA with 2 third from disease. Italian independance was at least the same amount for less than 2 month of french fighting and Crimea was 95000 Kia.
墨西哥远征是小打小闹。不到8000人阵亡，其中三分之二因为疾病。意大利独立时，法国人在不到2个月的战斗中至少有相同的伤亡，在克里米亚有95000人。
Bismarck didn’t even want Alsace and Lorraine to be occupied. He was overridden by Kaiser Wihelm I and the Military. Bismarck knew it would be a cause for retaliation for years.
俾斯麦甚至不希望阿尔萨斯和洛林被占领。他被德皇威廉一世和军方否决了。俾斯麦知道这将成为多年后报复的一个原因。
You also have to understand that Napoleon was defeated by 2 other opponents in the meantime!
The Parliament that opposed all his decisions starting in 1866, and his terrible renal colic! He also had a terrible adviser: his wife Eugenie that pushed him to war (he was weakened by his pain) that actually he did not want to do!
你还必须明白，拿破仑在此期间还被另外两个对手打败了！
从 1866 年开始反对他所有决定的议会，以及他可怕的肾绞痛！他还有一个糟糕的顾问：他的妻子欧仁妮将他推上了战争（他因疼痛而变得虚弱），而实际上他并不想这样做！
The economic consequences of ‘dissolving’ France would negatively affect Prussia ie. the cost of administering it.
“解散”法国的经济后果将对普鲁士产生负面影响，即，管理它的成本。
Why spend more money to conquer France, when the French were willing to be taxed, in order to get the Germans to just go home.
“After the Franco-Prussian War, according to conditions of Treaty of Frankfurt (May 10, 1871), France was obliged to pay a war indemnity of 5 billion gold francs in 5 years. The indemnity was proportioned, according to population, to be the exact equivalent to the indemnity imposed by Napoleon on Prussia in 1807.”
That beats just stealing their cows and silverware.
为什么要花更多的钱去征服法国，当法国人愿意被征税，以便让德国人回家。
“普法战争后，根据《法兰克福条约》（1871年5月10日）的条件，法国有义务在5年内支付50亿金法郎的战争赔款。赔偿金按人口比例计算，与拿破仑 1807 年强加给普鲁士的赔款完全相同。”
这比直接偷窃他们的奶牛和银器要好。
it was a more civilized period (strange that it may sound) in that the goal of war was not the utter annihilation of the other side ( 20th century style), but to limited strategic aims. In this case to live without fear of future French invasions. Contrast that with future German plans
这是一个更加文明的时期（听起来可能很奇怪），因为战争的目标不是完全消灭对方（20 世纪风格），而是有限的战略目标。在这种情况下，无需担心未来法国入侵。这与德国未来的计划形成了鲜明对比
The same countries utterly anhillated several colonies across Asia and Africa. They anhillated other European countries if they could. The only reason they didn't do it here or in other cases was simply because they couldn't without significant cost themselves.
同样的国家彻底消灭了亚洲和非洲的几个殖民地。如果可能的话，他们也消灭了其他欧洲国家。他们没有在这里或在其他情况下这样做的唯一原因是因为他们自己必须付出巨大的代价才能做到，仅此而已。
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The so called Franco Prussian war was not a war between Prussia and France but between Germany vs France.
Meaning during the 1870 war, in term of population, France was already outnumbered by a few millions.
所谓的普法战争不是普鲁士和法国之间的战争，而是德国和法国之间的战争。
也就是说，在1870年战争期间，就人口而言，法国已经少了几百万。
An excellent answer to the question, especially it would be difficult for the German forces to maintain the occupation of France. Dissolving France may result in the British Empire interfering because the dissolution of France would disrupt the balance of power. I’m interested in one of your statements:
isolate France from the international community
Would you like to explain how Bismarck’s policies would isolate France from the international community and how the goal failed later under Kaiser Wilhelm II?
一个很好的答案，尤其是德军很难维持对法国的占领。解散法国可能会导致大英帝国的干涉，因为法国的解体会破坏力量的平衡。我对你的一个说法感兴趣：
“将法国孤立于国际社会之外”
你能解释一下，俾斯麦的政策如何将法国从国际社会中孤立出来，以及后来在德皇威廉二世时期这一目标如何失败的吗？
Into Ancient Rome, Byzantines, Barbarian kingdoms period.
Bismarck believed in having a balance of power, and that is probably the same reason he didn’t annex Austria-Hungary after defeating them in the Austro-Prussian War of 1866. Annexing France and Austria-Hungary would have brought tens of millions of non-Germans into the German Empire, and given the latter’s large Slavic population in the Balkans, Bohemia and Galicia, would have provoked Russia, which saw itself as the protector of the Orthodox Slavs. Bismarck was very concerned with keeping peace with Russia, hence he negotiated treaties with them such as the Reinsurance Treaty. Annexing France would also have antagonised Britain, at a time when relations were already uneasy because of the Prussian annexation of the Kingdom of Hanover. The House of Hanover was the royal family of Britain at the time. Britain didn’t want the English Channel coast controlled by one power (which is also why they blocked a French candidate for the Belgian throne in the 1830s). Since 1815, Britain and France had largely friendly relations, although there were moments of possible conflict such as the Affair of the Spanish Marriages (where Louis Philippe wanted one of his sons to marry Queen Isabella II of Spain, which Britain feared would lead to a unx of the two countries).
俾斯麦相信权力平衡，这可能也是他在1866年的普奥战争中击败奥匈帝国后没有吞并他们的原因。吞并法国和奥匈帝国会使数以千万计的非德国人进入德意志帝国，而且鉴于后者在巴尔干、波希米亚和加利西亚有大量的斯拉夫人口，会激怒俄罗斯，因为俄罗斯认为自己是东正教斯拉夫人的保护者。俾斯麦非常关注与俄国保持和平，因此他与俄国谈判了一些条约，如《再保险条约》。
吞并法国也会与英国对立，当时由于普鲁士吞并汉诺威王国，双方关系已经很不稳定。汉诺威家族是当时英国的皇室。英国不希望英吉利海峡沿岸被一个国家控制（这也是他们在19世纪30年代阻挠法国人竞选比利时王位的原因）。自1815年以来，英国和法国在很大程度上保持着友好关系，尽管也有可能发生冲突的时候，如西班牙大婚事件（路易十四希望他的一个儿子与西班牙女王伊莎贝拉二世结婚，英国担心这将导致两国的联合）。
Must have read 300 history books. Collect historical atlases
For many reasons but the main one is that dissolving a major country is not as simple it seems to be. Even Nazi Germany was not disolved though a portion remained in the hands of the Soviets for decades.
When you disolve a country you need first to know what you are going to do with the pieces: you canot declare the country broken up and leave. You have lots of work to settle the new small states to be created, etc.
Second, will the other neighbours accept? In the case of France I doubt very much England and Italy would have stood quietly seeing a dismembered France, subjected to the whims of a rising Germany. Note that even the years of Napoleon wars the idea of quartering France was entertained but did not prevail, mercifully!
Bismarck new better but could not stop the taking away of Alsace Lorraine which led to WWI and then WWII. Imagine the wars following the partition of France!
原因很多，但最主要的是解散一个大国并不像看起来那么简单。即使是纳粹德国也没有解体，尽管其中一部分仍留在苏联手中数十年。
当你解散一个国家时，你首先需要知道你将如何处理这些碎片：你不能宣布国家解体然后就那么离开。你要做很多工作来解决将要建立的新的小国家，等等。
第二，其他邻国会接受吗？就法国而言，我很怀疑英国和意大利是否会静静地看着法国被肢解，随意受制于一个崛起的德国。请注意，即使在拿破仑战争的年代，也有人提出过将法国四分五裂的想法，但幸运的是，这种想法并没有占上风！
俾斯麦的想法更好，但他无法阻止对阿尔萨斯-洛林的夺取，这导致了第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战。想象一下法国解体后的战争吧！
Lives in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India (2002–present)
It was because of this man.
That's right- Otto Von Bismarck, the first chancellor of Unified Germany.
No matter how much you think you have understood him this man's brilliance just keeps surprising again and again.
We must understand why the Franco-Prussian war even occured.
The unification of Germany was a precarious task. Two parties wanted to dominate the then German Confederation- namely the erstwhile struggling Austrain Empire and the new industrial powerhouse of Europe, Prussia.
The northern German states were more inclined towards Prussia while the southern German states (most notably Bavaria) were Austria inclined.
One would see Austria as a finished nation doomed to die, but it is an absolute understatement as to how much power the Hapsburg dynasty of Austria held in Europe. (There were even calls to unite Italy under Hapsburg patronage!)
因为这个男人。
没错，奥托-冯-俾斯麦，统一德国的第一位总理。
不管你认为你多么了解他，这个人的才华总是一次又一次地令人惊讶。
我们必须理解为什么普法战争会发生。
德国的统一是一项不稳定的任务。两方都想主宰当时的德意志联邦--即昔日挣扎的奥地利帝国和欧洲的新工业强国普鲁士。
德意志北部各州更倾向于普鲁士，而德意志南部各州（最引人注目的是巴伐利亚）则倾向于奥地利。
人们认为奥地利是一个注定要灭亡的国家，但奥地利哈布斯堡王朝在欧洲拥有多大的权力，这绝对是一种轻描淡写的说法。(甚至有人呼吁在哈布斯堡的庇护下统一意大利！)
The traditional rival France suit the candidature perfectly.
He engineered a miscommunication between the Royal courts of Paris and Berlin to look like a matter of “national insult towards the Germans”.
His intention was never to subjugate France.You see when Prussia declared victory, most of France wasn't even conquered!
The historic palace of Versailles just served as a theatre for the peak of German nationalism and proclamation of the King of Prussia and the German Emperor.
It was a historic moment but I'm sure that little was Bismarck aware that the kind of nationalism his Franco-Prussian War gave birth to will culminate in two of the bloodiest wars in human history.
俾斯麦改变了这一切。他需要一个“外部威胁”来团结所有德国国家支持普鲁士的领导。
传统的竞争对手法国完全适合这个候选国。
他在巴黎和柏林的皇室之间策划了一次错误的沟通，使之看起来像是“对德国人的民族侮辱”。
他的意图绝不是要征服法国。你看，当普鲁士宣布胜利时，法国的大部分地区甚至都没有被征服！
历史悠久的凡尔赛宫只是德国民族主义高峰和普鲁士国王和德国皇帝宣告的舞台。
这是一个历史性的时刻，但我确信，俾斯麦几乎没有意识到，他在普法战争中所催生的那种民族主义将在人类历史上最血腥的两场战争中达到顶点。
Bismarck also possessed that rarest of qualities among great war leaders — the ability to know when to stop. Once he unified Germany, he stated that the country was “sated,” and would make no more territorial demands. It’s telling that, at the end of his life, he believed his greatest mistake was taking the provinces of Alsace and Lorraine from France at the end of the Franco-Prussian war. Because (as he rightly foresaw) he created a festering wound that led to a new war — one that, unfortunately for Germany, he wasn’t around to help them weather.
俾斯麦还拥有伟大战争领袖中最罕见的品质——知道何时停止的能力。一旦他统一了德国，他就表示这个国家已经“心满意足”，不会再提出领土要求。他认为自己最大的错误是在普法战争结束时从法国手中夺走了阿尔萨斯和洛林两省，这很能说明问题。因为（正如他正确地预见到的那样）他制造了一个会导致新的战争的溃烂的伤口——不幸的是，对于德国来说，那时他已不在身边，无法帮助他们渡过难关。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Elsaẞ-Lothringen is a territory inhabited by Germans who was annexed by the bellicose Louis XIV though.
阿尔萨斯和洛林是德国人居住的领土，但被好战的路易十四吞并。
Elsaß-Lothringen/Alsace Lorraine has be a disputed region for over a millennium if I remember well, at the point where both Germany and France have an equal claim today
如果我没记错的话，阿尔萨斯-洛林一千年来一直是一个有争议的地区，在这一点上德国和法国今天拥有平等的主权
Latest after the French revolution the people there saw themselves as German speaking French citizens, who did not want to be ruled by the then backward German feudal states.
在最近的法国大革命之后，那里的人们将自己视为讲德语的法国公民，他们不想被当时落后的德国封建国家统治。
Yes I’ve heard that often enough. But the more I think about it, the more I query it. Alsace Lorraine did not in fact lead to WWI. There is absolutely no indication that France would have declared war on Germany over it. It was Germany who invaded France, not vice versa.
是的，我已经听够了这种说法。但是我越思考就越质疑。阿尔萨斯洛林实际上并没有导致第一次世界大战。绝对没有迹象表明法国会为此向德国宣战。是德国入侵了法国，而不是相反。
Germany mobilized vs. Russia and saw France mobilizing vs. Germany. It then launched a “pre-emptive” strike, aka the Schliessen plan. Had it not done so, there was massive indication that France would attack, since both the Entente pact with Russia and the will to recover Alsace-Lorraine. That was and still is visible from Mars…
德国动员起来对抗俄罗斯，看到法国动员起来对抗德国。然后它发起了“先发制人”的打击，也就是施里芬计划。如果它不这样做，有大量迹象表明法国会发动进攻，因为它与俄国签订了协约，并有意愿收回阿尔萨斯-洛林。过去和现在都可以从火星上看到这一点......
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Fritz Fischer, the first historian to have full access to the entire remaining German World War I archives, attributes the cause of the war to German's expansion policy.
弗里茨·菲舍尔是第一位能够完全访问所有剩余的德国第一次世界大战档案的历史学家，他将战争的起因归因于德国的扩张政策。
An invasion of France by the Prussians, would have resulted in a long long war. France was in that moment a very powerful empire, and economically and also in military reserves more powerful than Prussia. The Prussian army won a decisive battle in Sedan , but they would have not been able to win a long war against France.
普鲁士人入侵法国将导致长期战争。法国在那一刻是一个非常强大的帝国，在经济和军事储备上都比普鲁士强大。普鲁士军队在色当取得了决定性的胜利，但他们不可能赢得与法国的长期战争。