当印度铁路员工因火车事故造成人员死亡而被停职时，他们是永远被解雇，还是在一段时间后恢复工作?（一）
When Indian Railway employees are suspended from service for train accidents causing death of people, are they dismissed from service forever or are they reinstated after some time?
译文简介
网友：我从未在铁路公司任职。但我对包括铁路在内的中央政府部门的运作方式有经验。受到质疑的员工会立即被停职，以确保对违法行为及其参与情况进行自由公正的调查......
正文翻译
When Indian Railway employees are suspended from service for train accidents causing death of people, are they dismissed from service forever or are they reinstated after some time?
当印度铁路员工因火车事故造成人员死亡而被停职时，他们是永远被解雇，还是在一段时间后恢复工作?
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I never served with Railways. But I have experience with the way central government departments function, including Railways. Employees under a cloud are immediately suspended to ensure free fair probe of the offences and their involvement. Any disciplinary inquiry is almost always tasked with a few pointed references : whether there was Negligence on the part of the employee, whether the incident could have been averted, apportion the blame, recommend quantum of punishment and last but not the least is to suggest/ recommend remedial measures to be implemented in order to avoid nature of incidents of this nature. Prsiding officer of such inquiry committee shall be higher rank than charged employees. employees are given opportunities to defend themselves and justify their actions. Recommendations of the enquiry committee are scrutinised by higher authorities. In many cases one step above the appointing authority only will have powers for dismissal or demotion and or withholding of future increments etc., of the suspended employee. If he was found innocent, then it is left to the wisdom of higher authorities to accept in full or in part of the recommendations. In our department, convening àuthorities in one incident felt that disciplinary committee was lenient and implemented harsher punishments. In this case when affected employees challenged the Department decision, courts rejected their claims and upheld Department's final verdict. Officers dealing with such cases are well experienced and sensitive to the fact that their recommendations may undergo scrutiny at high levels including a court of law.
我从未在铁路公司任职。但我对包括铁路在内的中央政府部门的运作方式有经验。受到质疑的员工会立即被停职，以确保对违法行为及其参与情况进行自由公正的调查。任何纪律调查的任务几乎总是有几个明确的参考：员工是否存在疏忽，事件是否可以避免，分摊责任，建议惩罚力度，最后但并非最不重要的是建议/建议采取补救措施，以避免此类性质的事件。该调查委员会的调查官员应高于被指控的雇员。员工有机会为自己辩护并为自己的行为辩护。调查委员会的建议由上级机关审查。在许多情况下，只比任命权限高一级的人有权解雇或降职和/或扣留被停职员工的未来加薪等。如果他被判无罪，那么就由上级当局明智地接受全部或接受部分建议。在我们部门，在一起事件中，召集当局认为纪律委员会过于宽松，反而实施了更严厉的惩罚。在本案中，当受影响的员工对部门的决定提出质疑时，法院驳回了他们的要求，并维持了部门的最终判决。处理这类案件的人员经验丰富，对他们的建议可能受到包括法院在内的高层审查这一事实非常敏感。
What are some immediate viable measures that Indian Railways can take to avert chances of accidents?
The recent Indore Patna train derailment has ignited debate about the safety of Indian Railways. I'll be answering based on recent events only. This is my perception and everyone has their own.
The train derailment was attributed to a rail fracture. If that is true, then its a serious question on the railway’s ability to maintain rail tracks. Tracks should now be inspected and replaced if necessary.
Moreover, if you notice in the images of the disaster site, coaches S1 and S2 telescoped (crushed one another) by the force of the derailment. This caused multiple fatalities on the spot. Indian Railways use ICF coaches for most of their services. ICF coaches have a long history of telescoping during derailments.
The modern LHB coaches, used in all premier trains including Rajdhani and Shatabdi, are anti-telescopic. Implementing LHB coaches to all trains is a solution. However LHB coaches are expensive (Rs. 3 crores each coach approx), and given the sanitary conditions of our regular railway services, it is a tough change to implement.
印度铁路公司可以采取哪些立即可行的措施来避免事故发生?
最近印多尔-巴特那火车出轨事件引发了关于印度铁路安全的争论。我将仅根据最近发生的事件进行回答。这是我的看法，毕竟每个人都有自己的看法。
火车脱轨是由于铁轨断裂造成的。如果这是真的，那么铁路维护轨道的能力就成了一个严重的问题。现在应该检查轨道并在必要时更换。
此外，如果你注意到灾难现场的图像，S1和S2车厢因脱轨的力量而收缩(相互挤压)。这导致多人当场死亡。印度铁路公司的大部分服务都使用ICF客运列车。ICF客运列车在脱轨时伸缩的历史由来已久。
包括首都特快和莎塔布迪(Shatabdi)特快列车在内的所有顶级列车都使用的现代LHB车厢是防伸缩的。将LHB客运列车应用于所有列车是一种解决方案。然而，LHB车厢价格昂贵（每节车厢约300万卢比），考虑到我们常规铁路服务的卫生条件，这是一个很难实施的变化。
How can the service of Indian Railways be improved?
Here are some of my random thoughts on this:
Hotels built above station platforms: Railways stations are right in the middle of the cities and they don't utilize the precious space above the platforms. Here is acres and acres of red-hot real estate space right in the middle of New Delhi. Why not build hotels right on top of this space (with sound proofing, of course)? Travelers could stay in safe, convenient central locations, while railways could make huge revenues.
Multi-Modal Transit options: A key to a good transportation system is the ability to switch between multiple transportation options easily. A guy landing at Delhi airport should be able to take a direct train to Meerut or Haridwar or Jaipur or Simla right below the airport. The transfers should be seamless between train & air and train & buses.
Information outlets: As you land in a random station, you should be able to go to an "information booth" that just beams you local information as a file to your phone (through bluetooth/wifi). Or you can interact with the touch screen. It should contain all major tourist places and authorized hotels/travel guides/taxis as curated by the local station master. You don't want to miss out the important stuff when you are traveling.
Cover the tracks with solar: Railway tracks are great pieces of real estate over which solar panels could be installed. The power could be consumed right under the panel by the electric trains. No need to store/transfer power too long.
如何改善印度铁路的服务？
以下是我对此的一些随机性思考：
在站台上建造的酒店：火车站位于城市的正中央，他们没有利用站台上方的宝贵空间。这里是新德里市中心炙手可热的房地产空间。为什么不在这个空间的顶部建造酒店（当然要隔音）；旅客可以住在安全、方便的中心位置，而铁路部门可以获得巨额收入。
多模式联运方案：良好运输系统的关键是能够轻松地在多种运输方案之间切换。在德里机场降落的人应该可以于机场下方乘坐直达火车到密鲁特、哈里瓦尔、斋浦尔或西姆拉。火车和飞机、火车和公共汽车之间的换乘应该是无缝衔接的。
信息渠道：当你在一个随机的站点停靠时，你应该能够找到“信息亭”，它会将本地信息作为文件发送到你的手机（通过蓝牙/无线网络）。或者你可以与触摸屏进行交互。它应包含由当地站长策划的所有主要旅游景点和授权酒店/导游/出租车。当你旅行时，你是不想错过重要的东西的。
用太阳能覆盖轨道：铁路轨道是一块巨大的土地，上面可以安装太阳能电池板。电力可以被电动火车直接消耗掉。无需长时间储存/传输电源。
Wifi connectivity on all trains: Rajdhani already has Wifi. It should be extended to all trains. Let the nation be more productive by letting knowledge workers working right on the train, during long travel times.
Upgrade the sanitary experience: The slow moving trains are a disaster in cleanliness. As the trains go longer, the stink goes higher. As you rapidly shorten the travel times, sanitary experience will be better. But, more importantly, new tech should be used for creating highly hygienic toilets.
快速转换为有坐列车：印度铁路最大的问题之一是容量非常低。因为很多火车都是慢车。Kaveri“特快”列车是一列从金奈到班加罗尔的卧铺列车(实际上是开往迈索尔)，耗时5小时，行驶350公里多一点。这是两个大城市之间的特快列车。其他路线的速度慢得可怜。然而，我们的轨道可以承载时速200公里的列车。如果我们能将钦奈-班加罗尔/迈索尔的所有列车更换为2-3小时行程的有座高速列车，会怎么样。坐式车厢的乘客数量是卧铺车厢的两倍，通过将速度提高一倍，我们可以在不增加轨道投资的情况下实现4倍的载客量。所有1000公里以下的线路也是如此。这些线路可以由高速坐式列车覆盖，从而大大提高整个系统的运力。
所有列车上的无线网络连接：首都特快已经有了无线网络。它应该扩展到所有列车。让知识工人在长途旅行中直接在火车上工作，让国家更有生产力。
提升卫生体验：缓慢行驶的火车在清洁方面是一场灾难。火车开得越久，臭味就越大。随着旅行时间的迅速缩短，卫生体验会更好。但是，更重要的是，应该使用新技术来制造高度卫生的厕所。
What are the causes of the frequent train accidents in India?
The numbers have gone down but essentially Indian railway tracks have not been replaced by newer tracks due to lack of funds .
Railways offers far too many subsidies to passengers and freight movement.
People of India want fancy train compartments at high speeds. But the condition of the tracks is simply not good enough to allow trains at high speeds .
Vande trains are a clear example . They run far below the speeds advertised .
But in odisha accident bad tracks cannot be the reason because the system allowed 2 trains to be on the same track at the same time.
That would be a systems failure . How can a stationary freight train and a speeding passenger train be on the same track at the same time in such proximity .
Clearly rhe system failed to function and couldn't detect the mistake.
Time for Railway minister to own the mistake instead of hiding behind the Raliway enquiry cover .
印度火车事故频发的原因是什么？
事故次数有所下降，但由于缺乏资金，基本上印度的铁轨没有被新的铁轨取代。
铁路为客运和货运提供了许多的补贴。
印度人民想要高速的高档车厢。但铁轨的状况根本不足以让列车高速行驶。
Vande火车就是一个明显的例子。它们的运行速度远远低于广告中的速度。
但在奥里萨邦事故中，糟糕的轨道并不是原因，因为该系统允许两列列车同时在同一轨道上。
那将是一个系统故障。一列静止的货运列车和一列高速行驶的客运列车怎么可能在如此接近的情况下同时出现在同一轨道上呢?
显然，该系统无法正常工作，也无法检测到错误。
铁路部长是时候承认错误了，而不是躲在铁路咨询台后面。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
How can the service of Indian Railways be improved?
I absolutely love Railways, although i don't spare to criticize lot of its measures. I have thought of these a lot.
I observed most people have written about stuff related to customer end service. However I will focus about the performance of Railways as a technology as the prime idea of Railways is about faster and faster travel.
1. Make shorter and faster trains.
For example, Lets say Geetanjali Express is a 24 coach train that runs between Howrah and Mumbai. It leaves Howrah at 3pm. Now if we create two trains to Mumbai of 15 Coaches every day once in morning and once in evening, then we make it easy to increase the speed of the train as well as we are increasing the capacity.
如何改善印度铁路的服务？
我非常喜欢铁路——尽管我就它的许多措施不遗余力地提出批评。有关这些问题我想了很多。
我观察到大多数人都写过与客户端服务相关的东西。然而，我将重点关注铁路作为一项技术的性能上，因为铁路的主要理念是为了更快的出行。
制造更短更快的列车。
例如，吉坦贾利特快列车是一列24节车厢的列车，运行于豪拉和孟买之间。下午3点离开豪拉。现在，如果我们每天创建两列开往孟买的列车，每天早上一班，晚上一班，共15节车厢，那么我们就可以很容易地提高列车的速度，同时也可以提高运力。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The present coupling system we are using is age old, started by the British in 19th century with little or no modification.
Now we can replace this Coupling System with new modern ones which will allow us to improve speeds of our trains. Although the up-gradation to modern LHB coaches is already being done which has a better suspension system, I do think they have changed the coupling system too.
3. Make all premier trains EMUs.
EMUs(Electrical Multiple Units ) are multiple units of cars which are self driven. Most of the local, suburban trains in India are EMUs.
The advantage of EMUs are that you reduce the length of the train as well as improved efficiency. Almost all HSR(High Speed Rail) prefer EMUs these days. We already know the government is planning on implementing HSR in India. I guess I don't need to write much on that.
用新的LHB车厢升级耦合系统和车厢。
我们现在使用的耦合系统很古老，自在19世纪的英国人时期开始，几乎没有修改。
现在，我们可以用新的现代系统取代这种耦合系统，这将使我们能够提高列车的速度。尽管现代LHB车厢的升级已经在进行中，它有更好的悬挂系统，但我确实认为他们也改变了耦合系统。
让所有高级列车都成为动车组。
动车组（电动动车组）是指自动驾驶的动车组。在印度，大多数地方郊区列车都是动车组。
动车组的优点是缩短了列车的长度，提高了效率。如今，几乎所有的高铁都更喜欢动车组。我们已经知道政府正在计划在印度搞高铁。我想对此我不需要写太多了。
HSR will have its own set of tracks. For the present system, the tracks are divided into four categories A, B, C, D with A being the best. Only specific routes are A graded tracks. We should improve the tracks so that all metros can be connected by A graded tracks. Some zones do not run Duronto for this particular reason.
5. Recruit more TTEs.
Currently a LOT of people travel without ticket in India. However it is not really possible to catch all of them because of less number of TTEs in stations. Even if 90% people travel with ticket, then we could increase revenue in crores.
改善正常轨道。
高速铁路将拥有自己的一套轨道系统。对于现有的系统，轨道分为A、B、C、D四个等级，其中A级是最好的。只有特定的路线被评为A级轨道。我们应该改善轨道，使得所有地铁都可以通过A级轨道连接起来。目前，由于这个特殊原因，一些区域没有运行Duronto Express（远距离的城市之间运行，中途站点不停靠）。
招募更多的TTE。
目前在印度，很多人没有车票就出行。然而，由于车站检票员数量较少，不可能抓住所有人。即使90%的人都持有车票，我们也可以增加千万计的收入。
We already have some beautifully designed stations like CST, Mumbai. However, the world has moved on and we should catch up. While the rest of the world's prides them on their airports, most Indians have some sort of sentiment with Railways, as it is considered the lifeline of India. Let us then glorify the pit stops of our veins.
Berlin Station-one of the best looking one in the world. We should build some stations better than these.
7. Improved user facilities
A lot has been written about these already.
Mitesh has already written a very good answer on this. I would like to add, better and cleaner toilets, better maintenance of trains. Use plastic tokens or digital tickets to reduce usage of paper tickets.
Apart from this I also like Dr. Balaji Viswanathan's idea of putting up hotels and solar panels on stations and tracks respectively.
Thank You.
建造世界一流的现代车站。
我们已经有了一些设计精美的车站，如孟买的 CST。然而，世界已经前进了，我们应该赶上潮流。虽然世界其他地方的人引以为傲的是他们的机场，但大多数印度人对铁路有一些情感认同，因为它被认为是印度的生命线。让我们把我们的血管中的加油站变得更加辉煌吧。
柏林车站是世界上最漂亮的车站之一。我们应该建造比这更好的车站。
改善用户设施
关于这个问题已经写了很多东西。
Mitesh已经写了一个非常好的答案。我想补充一下，更好更干净的厕所，更好的列车维护。使用塑料令牌或数字车票来减少纸质车票的使用。
除此之外，我也喜欢Balaji Viswanathan博士在车站和轨道上设置酒店和太阳能电池板的想法。
谢谢。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Are drivers fined for train delays in Indian railways?
No.For delay of trains,train drivers are not responsible. Function of loco pilot is to maintain speed at different stretch, follow caution, obey signals,stop at designated station. Delays are caused because of red signals which is due to traffic or occupied tracks.Drivers are no way responsible for delay neither they are fined for that.A driver can never cross a red signal.If he do so he will be dismissed from job with immediate effect.
在印度铁路上，司机会因为火车延误而被罚款吗?
不会。对于火车延误，火车司机不负责。机车驾驶员的职责是在不同的路段保持速度，注意，服从信号，停在指定的车站。由于交通堵塞或轨道被占用，红色信号会造成延误。司机对延误不负任何责任，也不会因此被罚款。司机永远不能闯红灯。如果他这样做，他将被立即解雇。
How can the service of Indian Railways be improved?
A lot of awesome points have already been given so I will try not to repeat them. Most of the points that I have are ones which are very simple to implement - they just need a little political will
1. Respect the Drivers :
A leading cause of train accidents in India is driver fatigue - with drivers often driving for 16-18 hours for a strech. The driver's cabin is hot and there is not even a provision to answer nature's call.
Goods trains etc will often be made to halt in ungodly places in the dead of the night. Just imagine you in the middle of a forest in a train. The nearest human being is the the guard at the opposite end of the train!They are expected to always be alx and physically fit - however that is just not possible. It needs to be ensured that they are properly rested and get the respect they deserve.
We need to have an improved training school with simulators etc to ensure we have sufficient drivers so that no driver has to drive the train for more than 8 hours a day.
2. Increase height of platforms. It is a nightmare for old people or for physically challenged people to board trains in India. Even for the young and healthy ones, it is a challenge to board with luggage. Why can't we increase the height of our platforms so that that they are at the same level as the trains?
3. Introduce hand trolleys : We have them on airports. Why can't we have them on our railway platforms? The advertising revenue would probably ensure that they pay for themselves.
We might have a few issues with the coolie unxs but that should be manageable.
如何改善印度铁路的服务？
大家已经给出了很多很棒的观点，所以我将尽量不再重复。我的大多数观点都很容易实现——它们只需要一点政治意愿
尊重驾驶员：
在印度，火车事故的一个主要原因是司机疲劳——司机经常驾驶16-18个小时。驾驶室里很热，甚至没有设备可以应对大自然的召唤。
夜深人静时，货运列车等经常会停在不虔诚的地方。想象一下你在森林中央的火车上。离我们最近的人是火车另一头的列车员!他们总是被期望保持警觉和身体健康——然而这是不可能的。需要确保他们得到适当的休息，并得到应有的尊重。
我们需要有一个改进的培训学校，配备模拟器等，以确保我们有足够的司机，这样就不会有司机每天驾驶火车超过8小时。
增加站台的高度。在印度登上火车对老年人或身体有残疾的人来说是一场噩梦。即使对于年轻健康的人来说，携带行李登机也是一项挑战。为什么我们不能增加站台的高度，使其与火车处于同一水平面？
引进手推车：我们的机场有手推车。为什么我们不能把它们放在我们的火车站台上？广告收入可能会确保不需要额外的花费
我们与苦力工之间可能会产生一些问题，但这应该是可以控制的。
Why cant we simply have more chairs and benches on the platforms?
I have also seen that restrooms are placed on the extreme ends of our huge platforms which is a huge inconvenience for all.
5. Restrict entry to platforms : It is common in India to have so many people coming to 'see-off' the travellers. This places an extra burden on the facilities and creates additional chaos. Why cant we simply restrict that only the passengers should be allowed to enter the platform - just like at an airport.
站台上提供更多的公共设施（长凳、卫生间等）。
为什么我们不能在站台上多放一些椅子和长凳呢？
我还看到洗手间被设置在我们巨大站台的末端，这对所有人来说都是一个巨大的不便。
限制进入站台：在印度，有许多人来“送别”游客是很常见的。这给设施带来了额外的负担，并造成了额外的混乱。为什么我们不能直接做出限制：只有乘客才能进入站台——就像在机场一样。
How many hours before the departure of a train do drivers report for duty in Indian Railways?
30 minutes before his train schedule departure
What's he doing in this 30 minutes
1. He sign on in the on duty register (reporting his in charge that he joined in his duty in written ).
2. Do breathalyzer test through a breathalyzer testing machine that he has not taken any alcohol
3. He go through all latest circular issued by railway such as safety circular, general circular, technical circular etc.
4. Hand over T34HF ticket to guard of concern train after filling his name and destination etc..
5. After that he proceed towards engine with loco log book and loco keys to start engine. He has to ready the train fully before its schedule departure time.
印度铁路公司的司机在火车出发前几小时报到？
列车时刻表发车前30分钟
他在这30分钟里做什么
1.他在值班登记簿上签字（以书面形式向其负责人报告他参加了值班）。
2.通过酒精测试机进行酒精测试，确认他没有饮酒
3.他查阅了铁路发布的所有最新通知，如安全通知、一般通知、技术通知等。
4.填写姓名和目的地等信息后，将T34HF车票交给相关列车的警卫。
5.之后，他拿着机车日志和机车钥匙启动发动机。他必须在火车时刻表发车前把火车准备好。
How can the service of Indian Railways be improved?
Few months back, when I was on visit to Germany, related to my some Metro related meeting and inspection, it being my first visit to Germany, I was pretty curious to see the German railway system closely. Having heard and read about their massive high speed railway network, almost all the important cities in Germany, as well as the cities across the Europe being connected through high speed railway network, where trains chug at the speed of 200 miles per hour, I was really pretty curious to travel myself by their high speed trains and have a feel for their some kind of super duper railway system, as was the perception in my mind .
On day one, after landing in Berlin, and having finished my meeting by 5 pm, and thanks to very long evening and late hours sunset in summers there , wanted to see the main Berlin railway station, popularly known as Berlin Hauptbahnhof, which implies in English the Berlin Central Railway station. My German friend explained me that this railway station was earlier a small railway station with just a few east west surface lines. But after German unification in 1987, it was developed as the Main railway station of Berlin. It's constructed with five levels of the Grand building, where the top surface, 10 meter above the ground, with six east west lines, provides the express service to the important cities of Germany like Munich, Hanover etc, and also the few lines with island platform for surface local Metro service known as S Bahn. Another level at the station , the 15 meters below the ground, with 9 railway lines, providing high speed train services named as IntercityExpress (ICE) across the Europe, including services to Russian and Kazakhstan cities, and the tube Metro services for the Berlin city . Between these levels is the multiple level the expanded concourse cum commercial complex of the station, with more than 40000 Sq metres of floor area .
Thus the Berlin Central Station amalgamates the all kinds of train services and local Metro train services, not only for Berlin city or for that matter the other important German cities, but it caters the high speed express services across the Europe. Simultaneously it also functions as a grand commercial centre of the city. And nonetheless being a marvelous architectural beauty, has become the icon of unified Berlin and thus a great tourist attraction place globally.
几个月前，当我前往德国参加与地铁相关的会议和检查时，这是我第一次访问德国，我非常好奇地想近距离了解德国的铁路系统。我听说并阅读过他们庞大的高速铁路网络，几乎连接了德国所有重要城市以及欧洲各个城市，火车以每小时200英里的速度行驶，我真的很想亲身乘坐他们的高速列车，感受一下他们超级棒的铁路系统，正如我在脑海中所认为的那样。
第一天，在抵达柏林后，我在下午5点前结束了会议，由于夏季日照时间长，晚上很晚才黑，我想去看看柏林的主要火车站，俗称柏林中央火车站。我的德国朋友向我解释说，这个火车站早些时候是一个小火车站，只有几条东西向的地面线。但在1987年德国统一后，它被开发成为柏林的主要火车站。它的建筑由五层的大楼构成，顶部表面高出地面10米，设有六条东西向线路，提供往返于德国重要城市如慕尼黑、汉诺威等的特快服务，还有几条带有岛式月台的地面本地地铁线路，即S Bahn。车站的另一层是在地下15米处，设有9条铁路线路，提供名为“城际快车（ICE）”的高速列车服务，连通整个欧洲，包括俄罗斯和哈萨克斯坦城市，以及提供前往柏林城市的地铁服务。在这些楼层之间是车站的多层扩建大厅兼商业综合体，占地面积超过40000平方米。
因此，柏林中央车站整合了各种火车服务和当地地铁服务，不仅为柏林市和其他重要德国城市提供服务，而且为整个欧洲提供特快服务。同时，它也是城市的大型商业中心。毫无疑问，它作为一项令人惊叹的建筑美学，已成为统一的柏林的标志，因此是全球旅游胜地。