印度的三个主要问题
The Three major problems in India
译文简介
我不知道为什么，但我还是决定把这些想法写出来，因为不知道从什么时候开始它一直压在我心头。
正文翻译
The Three major problems in India
印度的三个主要问题
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1) Population
People may find this controversial, but our huge population IS our downfall. Our population is growing at a ridiculous rate and I am pretty sure when the census will be taken, We would have bypassed China. But that alone doesn't give the full picture. China is relatively better than us in terms of standard of living (I know that *** doesn't care about rights, My point is in terms of quality of living and Poverty) despite being around the same population.
1) 人口
大家可能会觉得这条很有争议，但我们庞大的人口是我们的败笔。我们的人口正在以一个荒谬的速度增长，我敢肯定，下一次人口普查的时候我们将超过中国。但仅此一点并不能说明问题的全貌。尽管人口数量相当，中国的生活水平方面却比我们好（我知道中国...不关心个人权利，我的观点是在生活质量和贫困方面）。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The population also makes it hard for any Govt to rally people's support for a bill without controversy. There will be a vocal minority group for that will oppose any policy, as it harms them.
tldr; India is too diverse, and too populous to be run properly. One group of people WILL find a fault in one of the bills and start a protest that can disrupt the country. The population also means that the quality of life goes down drastically, as there isn't enough space for people.
我不知道为什么，但我还是决定把这些想法写出来，因为不知道从什么时候开始它一直压在我心头。请注意，这不是一个拉仇恨帖子，它只是一个指出印度存在什么问题的帖子。印度有好也有坏，但今天我只想做魔鬼的代言人
原因是我们的人口密度。我们排名32，而大多数排名靠前的国家都相对较小（如新加坡、梵蒂冈等），大多数都是世界贸易中心或宗教场所。我们的国家却并非如此。我们是大的，但同时又不是真正的大。对于一个只有中国三分之一到一半大小的国家来说，庞大的人口被浓缩在一个很小的地区。这里真的没有足够的空间让每个人都能正常生活，更不用说发展事业了。我对生活质量的定义是你是否能够：1）养活自己和家人；2）有稳定的收入；3）有时间放松，有假期/自由时间。
人口也使得任何政府都很难在没有争议的情况下争取人们对一项法案的支持。无论什么政策都会有一个声势浩大的“少数群体”反对，因为这损害了他们的利益。
总结：印度太多样化了，而且人口太多，无法有效管理。一群人会发现某项法案中的错误，并开始抗议，从而扰乱国家。人口也意味着生活质量急剧下降，因为没有足够的空间给人们。
解决办法是什么？老实说，我不知道。控制人口不利于人权，教育几乎没有任何作用...我能想到的就是在所有的学校里进行更好、更早的性教育。我只从朋友那里知道了性是什么。老师从来没有说过会发生什么，为什么会发生，直到10年级，这太晚了。他们应该把8年级的内容教给5年级的学生，把我们现在10年级的内容教给7年级的学生。他们会明白发生了什么，不会为谈论性而感到羞耻，并且会知道为什么发生性行为应该是出于对对方的爱，而不是为了制造一个孩子。说实话，这是解决问题的最好办法。
On the topic of education, I cannot leave out the fact that our education system is messed up. It gives too much importance to remembering and being robotic and doesn't allow for freedom of thought. Not to say memorizing isn't important, it isn't the only skill which a child should learn.. The ability to come up with various solutions for a single problem, The ability to write words to create an image of something in one's mind. The ability to draw out a structure, all of these are skill which are vital to many jobs. NEP so far hasn't implemented anything big enough to make a change, and they better do it faster.
Let me try giving an example to you. There is something called L'Hôpital's rule in calculus that can shorten down many questions. This isn't taught in CBSE, but people going for JEE need to learn it to solve questions faster. One of my friends (who learnt it out of interest), used that method for solving a paper, and lost all marks, because it wasn't taught in school.
This basically suggests that The education system disregards research of any topic, and knowledge about anything but the syllabus is useless. This really killed mine and many other's enthusiasm in Science, since we weren't allowed to develop our interest any further. I can't speak for arts and commerce students, But I would like to think it's the same their too.
2）教育
关于教育的话题，我不得不说我们的教育系统十分混乱。它太重视记忆和机械化，不允许有思想自由。不是说背诵不重要，只是它不应该是孩子学习的唯一技能。为一个问题想出各种解决方案的能力，写下文字在脑海中创造一个形象的能力。画出一个结构的能力，所有这些都是对许多工作至关重要的技能。到目前为止，NEP（国家教育政策）还没有实施任何足够大的改变，他们最好快点做。
让我试着给你举个例子。在微积分中，有一种叫做洛必达法则的东西，可以缩短许多问题的解。CBSE（全印度中学考试）没有教这个，但参加JEE（联合入学考试）的人需要学习它，以更快地解决问题。我的一个朋友（出于兴趣学的），用这个方法解题，结果丢了所有的分数，因为学校没有教这个方法。
这基本上表明，教育系统无视对任何主题的研究，除了教学大纲以外的任何知识都是无用的。这真的扼杀了我和其他许多人对科学的热情，因为我们不被允许进一步发展我们的兴趣。我不能为文科和商科学生说话，但我想他们也是一样的。
One more problem , is the fact that Extra-curricular activities are appreciated only in Private school's, and Govt. schools really don't care about you life apart from studies. It doesn't matter if you can draw really nicely, but can you write tell the EGE of Oxygen?
tldr; Not enough appreciation for extracurricular, Needless teaching of subjects not important in a particular course, Kill's enthusiasm and drive to research.
My solution? Just make it a lot more easier on topics that a person doesn't need, and Tougher on the topics that a person needs. A b/tech comp aspirant should learn the in and outs of Java, C++ And python, but needn't learn the EC of elements. Give more importance to extracurriculars in colleges and have workshops across all schools on various extracurriculars. Including Govt schools.
另一件事是，学院不承认任何其他东西，只承认入学考试成绩。我想表达的是，一个对计算机一无所知、没有什么能力的人，会因为PCM成绩而得到一个名额，而不是一个真正擅长计算机的人。人才被错误地安置，人们的才华被浪费在错误的事情上。为什么一个想学计算机科学的学生需要知道杂交技术？为什么一个有机化学家需要知道微积分？
还有一个问题，就是课外活动只有在私立学校才会受到重视，而公立学校除了学习之外真的不关心你的生活。你的画画得怎么样并不重要，但你能不能写出氧气的EGE？
总结：对课外活动没有足够的重视，对某一课程中不重要的科目进行不必要的教学，使学生对研究的热情和动力不足。
我的解决方案？只要让那些本学科不需要的题目更容易，而让本学科需要的题目更难。一个有志于理工科的人应该里里外外彻底学习Java、C++和python，而不是去学习元素的EC。更加重视大学里的课外活动，并在所有学校举办各种课外活动的研讨会。包括公立学校。
I probably will be really downvoted for this, BUT the reason we aren't progressing IS because of religion. What do I mean by this? Simple. Too much importance is being put on your religion, Your caste etc. Half the fights wouldn't have existed in India if Musli... and Hindu's agreed that their religions are different and each person is entitled to their belief. And yes, Hindus are responsible for this too. There are many cases of Hindu's forcing Musli... to chant Jai Sri Ram, Just as Musli... force love jihad. If religion didn't exist in our country, it would become boring, but it would become peaceful.
Politicians also place too much importance on religion, they make more statements about religion than they do about development. People are cancelled or praised for having a particular opinion on some Gods, or Religions. More emphasis should be placed on How to stop terrorist attack in J&K, or How to better manage the sewage system for less flooding, and not on whether Ram Temple in Ayodhya actually existed. These changes will save thousands, if not lakhs of people's of lives.
3)宗教和种姓
我可能会因为这一点而被喷，但我们没有进步的原因是宗教。我这样说是什么意思？很简单。你的宗教、你的种姓等被看得太重了。如果穆斯林和印度教简单地同意双方的宗教是不同的，每个人都有权拥有自己的信仰，那么印度一半的争斗就会消失。是的，印度教徒也要对此负责。有很多印度教徒强迫穆斯林唱“罗摩胜利歌”的案例，就像穆斯林强迫“爱情圣战”（注：是2009年在印度兴起的阴谋论，指穆斯林有组织地通过恋爱、婚姻使其他信仰的女性皈依伊斯兰教。这一阴谋论后来扩张到巴基斯坦、英国等地。印度政府在2009年、2010年、2012年、2014年多次进行调查，并未发现爱情圣战的证据。）一样。如果我们的国家没有宗教，它会变得无聊，但也会变得和平。
政治家们也太重视宗教了，他们对宗教发表的声明比对发展发表的声明还要多。人们因为对某些神灵或宗教有特别的看法而被取消或赞扬。我们应该把重点放在如何阻止J&K的恐怖袭击上，或者如何更好地管理污水系统以减少洪水，而不是放在阿约提亚的拉姆寺是否真的存在上。这些变化将拯救成千上万，甚至几十万人的生命。
The point of reservations anywhere is for representation. All communities should have their representation in a democracy, and hence reservation is a good thing, right?
Wrong. Most people who occupy these reservations area already well off. They don't represent how the community is as they are not living with the community. Tell my how a OBC earning 50 lakh per Anum living in arguably the best apartment/gated community in Bengaluru represents all the other people in the OBC? They simply don't. Their life style is more lavish, they spend a lot of money on cars, furniture etc. They are nothing like the poor and suffering people of the other members of the caste. They don't represent how that particular OBC are.
现在说说“保留地制度”（注：是印度的一种平权行动制度，它为历史上处于不利地位的社会群体提供教育、就业、政府计划、健康、保险、银行、外国高等教育、奖学金和政治方面的代表人）。老实说，我讨厌保留地的存在，它给那些"低种姓"的人带来了不公平的优势。让我解释一下。
任何地方的保留制都是为了代表性。所有社区都应该在民主中拥有自己的代表权，因此，保留制是一件好事，对吗？
错了。占据这些保留区的大多数人已经很富裕了。他们并不能代表社区的情况，因为他们没有和社区一起生活。告诉我，一个住在班加罗尔可以说是最好的公寓/豪宅社区的OBC，每小时收入50万，如何代表OBC（保留地）中的所有其他人？他们根本不具有代表。他们的生活方式更加奢侈，他们在汽车、家具等方面花费大量的钱。他们与其他种姓成员的穷人和受苦的人完全不同。他们并不能代表那个特定的OBC是怎样的。
Solution? I have no Idea how to Solve the Importance of Religion in India, since everyone profits from it. One way is through a lot more obxtive education, Accepting all the good and the bad things that each community has done. This will be a very slow development, but after a decade or two, people will look at the information they get more obxtively, and not immediately defend some one because they practice similar religions. The other problem? It is very simple, Just add a Salary limit, That if you are above 3* BPL salary, you no longer have the reservation added to you (Unless yo work at a party).
There are a lot more, But these are the three main ones
Edit: I no longer will reply on comments because Honestly Im tired. So that's it I guess.
总结：有钱的低种姓成员并不能真正代表他们的种姓，媒体和政治对宗教太重视了，现在是人们尊重他人信仰的时候了（不管他们是印度教徒、穆斯林、锡克教徒、基督徒还是无神论者）。
解决方案？我不知道如何解决宗教在印度的重要性，因为每个人都从中受益。一种方法是通过更客观的教育，接受每个群体所做的所有好事和坏事。这将是一个非常缓慢的发展，但在一二十年后，人们会更客观地看待他们得到的信息，而不是因为他们信奉类似的宗教而立即为某个人辩护。另一个问题呢？这很简单，只需添加一个薪水限制，如果你的薪水高于 3* BPL，就不再有预留位置给你（除非你为党工作）。
还有很多，但这是三个主要的问题。
编辑：我不再回复评论了，因为老实说我很累。所以我想就这样吧。
1.The population growth is not a problem anymore, our replacement rate is lower than 2 which will cause more issues in the future
2.Having studied in foreign countries, especially in one of the top ten universities in the world, education in India, at least in bigger institutions is really good. We have to improve quality for villages and lower urban schools, but remaining is OK.
3.India exists because of Hinduism. Caste should be abolished, but even countries like Sri Lanka who don't have caste are breaking down.
The three actual problems in India are
1.Indians being too pessimistic. I see a lot of Indians thinking that USA or Europe has all solutions, they don't. India is progressing at a great pace, and most of our problems can be solved with more resources/money. Be more optimistic about your country, only then can you be a part of the solution.
2.A lot of people in agriculture and villages. It's easy to build infrastructure to cities rather than villages, and due to scale, the quality of education, services etc will improve. 60% of the people in agriculture growing for 40% of the people is not going to be sustainable.
3.We have a socialistic mindset and we think that if someone became rich then it's bad.
1.人口增长不再是一个问题，我们的出生率低于2，这将在未来造成更多问题
2.我在外国学习过，而且是世界十大大学之一。印度的教育，至少在较大的机构中是非常好的。我们必须提高乡村和城市低级学校的质量，但其余的还可以。
3.印度的存在是因为印度教。种姓应该被废除，但即使像斯里兰卡这样没有种姓的国家也在崩溃。
印度的三个实际问题是
1.印度人过于悲观。我看到很多印度人认为美国或欧洲有所有问题的解决方案，他们并没有。印度正在以巨大的速度进步，我们的大部分问题都可以通过更多的资源/金钱来解决。对你的国家要更加乐观，只有这样你才能成为解决方案的一部分。
2.太多人在农业和乡村。将基础设施建设到城市而不是村庄很容易，由于规模大，教育、服务等的质量会提高。但60%的人从事农业，为40%的人种植，这将是不可持续的。
3.我们有一种社会主义心态，我们一看到别人变得富有，就觉得不好。
Agreed with your take on problems.
I'm curious to know how the top universities abroad and in India are similar in a good way and what other universities lack.
I was of OP's pov that we are fucked up fundamentally in education.
同意你对问题的看法。
我很想知道国外的顶尖大学和印度的顶尖大学在好的方面有什么相似之处，其他大学又有什么不足。
我赞成OP的观点，即我们的教育从根本上说是一团糟。
OP
Top India Universities are absolutely amazing. But the thing is, Not many people have access to them. THAT is the problem in colleges.
My problem on education is at a lot lower level. In high school We should be given the option to choose what we want to study harder for. Have a little bit more flexibility there. THAT is the problem with India
印度的顶尖大学绝对是了不起的。但问题是，没有多少人能够接触到它们。这就是大学的问题所在。
我对教育的问题是大部分处于一个较低的水平。在高中阶段，我们应该有选择权，可以选择我们想努力学习的内容。在那里有更多一点的灵活性。这就是印度的问题所在
There is a saying, you will study engineering so that your children can study finance and their children can study art.
有句话说，你要学习工程，这样你的孩子才能学习金融，他们的孩子才能学习艺术。
But the pessimism makes sense. Why should I stay and deal with all the corruption and low wages when I can have a good and easy life in the UK instead?
但这种悲观情绪是有道理的。如果我可以在英国过上美好而轻松的生活，我为什么要留下来面对所有这些的腐败和低工资的状况呢？
What good life in the UK? I have just come back from the UK in June. On the day I was coming back, Heathrow was jam-packed, no space to even put a step. That week there were tube strikes, and there were 200 people on a bus, more than what I saw in India. The heat wave was just starting, and things were melting. I later realised that I got a fungal infection from the London underground seats. They were last cleaned in 1991 apparently.
Right now I have a job in India in a British based company. For equivalent position in the UK in the same company, I will have to live in a tiny room shared with three other people. I will save the same amount of money at the end of the year both in India and UK. I have met my colleagues here in India, and there in the UK. Indians are far more technologically advanced and upxed at work (but we have our own challenges). I only miss injeera from London.
Finally, I visited Victoria and Albert Museum and the British Museum. I saw the Idol of Shiva and Nandi stolen from two different temples near where I grew up displayed there. Now for what amount of "better wages" will I accept this and putmy head down and sell myself?
Nirav Modi and Vijay Mallya are living comfortably in London. So is Nawaz Sharif from Pakistan. Have you ever wondered how the corrupt in India, Pakistan and the rest of the developing world settle in London? If Indians are corrupt, it is bad. If the city of London has made policies to support these corrupt people, then its good?
在英国有什么好的生活？我刚刚在6月从英国回来。在我回来的那天，希思罗机场塞满了人，连跨步的空间都没有。那一周发生了地铁罢工，一辆公交车上有200人，比我在印度看到的还要多。当时热浪刚刚开始，东西都融化了。我后来才知道，我被伦敦地铁的座位感染了真菌。显然，它们最后一次被清洗是在1991年。
现在我在印度的一家英国公司有一份工作。如果要在英国的同一家公司获得同等职位，我将不得不住在一个与其他三个人共用的小房间里。到年底，我在印度和英国都能存下同样多的钱。我在印度这里和英国那里都见过我的同事。印度人在技术上要强得多，在工作上也现代化（但我们也有自己的挑战）。我只想念伦敦的injeera（注：英杰拉是一种有独特的海棉质感的发酵后面饼）。
最后，我参观了维多利亚和阿尔伯特博物馆和大英博物馆。我看到从我长大的地方附近的两个不同的寺庙偷来的湿婆神像和南迪神像在那里展出。要多少"更好的工资"才能让我接受这一切，并放下身段，出卖自己？
尼拉夫·摩迪和维杰·马尔雅在伦敦生活得很舒服。巴基斯坦的纳瓦兹-谢里夫也是如此。你有没有想过，印度、巴基斯坦和其他发展中国家的腐败分子是如何在伦敦定居的？如果印度人腐败你就觉得很糟糕。怎么伦敦市制定了支持这些腐败分子的政策，你又觉得它是好的？
Your mistake was living in London and thinking it is the whole of UK. As a software engineer in Scotland I would never go back to India.
As for the idols in the British Museum, I don't give a fuck. All I care about is my own comfort.
你的错误之处是自己住在伦敦，就认为它是整个英国。作为苏格兰的一名软件工程师，我绝不会回印度。
至于大英博物馆里的神像，我才不管呢。我所关心的只是我自己的舒适度。
Just like my mistake is to generalise all of UK from London, your mistake is to generalise all of India to some city you are from or have visited.
就像我的错误是以伦敦来概括整个英国一样，你的错误是以你的家乡或去过的某个城市来概括整个印度。
I will agree that some parts of India are better than rest of India, like Indore, Chandigarh and so on. But even those are not good enough to compare with moving to a first-world country.
Even the society and the people are much better in western countries. Indians treat each other so badly.
I am free to marry whoever I want, instead of having to follow some caste/religion nonsense.
我同意印度的一些地方比印度其他地方好，比如印多尔、昌迪加尔等等。但即使是这些地方，也不足以与搬到第一世界国家相比。
甚至西方国家的社会和人民也要好得多。印度人相互之间的相处太差了。
我可以自由地与我想要的人结婚，而不是必须遵循一些种姓/宗教的胡扯。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
India exists because of Hinduism?
印度的存在是因为印度教？
Canadian natives, American natives, Australian natives, etc don't exist. Persia, Egypt, Iraq etc have lost their native culture. Only India has its natives intact following the same culture. That's because of the resilience of Hinduism. Nothing against other religions, but that's a fact. Also, religion is not culture, a lot of Kerala Christians follow Hindu culture.
加拿大土著、美国土著、澳大利亚土著等都已经不存在。波斯、埃及、伊拉克等已经失去了他们的本土文化。只有印度的本土人完整地遵循着同样的文化。这是因为印度教的顽强生命力。我不反对其他宗教，但这是一个事实。另外，宗教不是文化，很多喀拉拉邦的基督徒都遵循印度教文化。
All problems that you have mentioned - are not problems but characteristics. These things do not have a solution. They are symptomatically managed based on the problem arising out of it.
E.g. it is like saying that there are too many rapes because there are too many males and females. The problem is not too many males and females. Too many males and females can also lead to many beneficial consequences. Like we can mobilise lot of resources during war. Population on its own is not a problem. It has its own pros and cons. So, we try to mitigate the cons/symptoms.
Same is for education and religion caste. Education has IIT as well as ITI. There is NSD and so many other vocational institutes other than academia.
Regarding religion - if you dont build temples, you build shopping malls and worship capitalism. For worship is about hope that tomorrow will be better.
Caste - people will divide the society - if not based on caste, then based on gender, economic status etc. Ultimately, we need to understand why we need to live in a society collectively.
你提到的所有问题--都不是问题，而是特性。这些事情没有解决办法。只能根据由此产生的问题对它们进行对症管理。
例如，这就像说有太多的强奸案是因为有太多的男性和女性。问题不在于男性和女性太多。太多的男性和女性也会导致许多有益的后果。比如我们可以在战争中调动大量的资源。人口本身并不是一个问题。它有自己的优点和缺点。所以，我们要努力减轻缺点/症状。
教育和宗教种姓也是如此。教育有IIT，也有ITI。除了本科外，还有NSD和许多其他职业学院。
关于宗教--如果你不建寺庙，你就会建购物中心，崇拜资本主义。因为崇拜是为了希望明天会更好。
种姓--人们总会划分社会--如果不是基于种姓，就是基于性别、经济地位等。归根结底，我们需要了解为什么我们需要集体生活在一个社会中。